Carlos Escudero Rodríguez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Carlos Escudero Rodríguez

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2015

The camu camu is a native fruit of the Amazon that stands out for its high content of vitamin C (... more The camu camu is a native fruit of the Amazon that stands out for its high content of vitamin C (3133 mg/100 g pulp). Camu camu is in process of domestication, so the industry is looking to expand the genetic base starting from genotypes with a high genetic quality by vegetative propagation. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of genotype and grafting technique on the success and graft quality in camu camu plants. The trial was conducted using an experimental design of complete randomized block (CRB) with factorial scheme 9Ax3B, three blocks and 10 grafted plants per experimental unit. Factor A represented 9 clones of camu camu and factor B, three grafting techniques: Chip budding, b) Splice graft and c) Cleft graft. The experiment was conducted for 110 days to determine the sprouting time (beginning of the expansion of the first pair of leaves), the survival rate, sprout lenght and number of leaves. Significant interactions between the factors for the variables survival rate, sprout lenght and number of leaves were observed. The results show that the survival rate was influenced by the intrinsic effects of clones genotypic variability, presenting a high degree of dispersion, which was between 96.66% and 26.67%, with respect to grafting technique. The chip budding had higher response of survival rate, sprout lenght and number of leaves. Based on these results it is possible to conclude that the effect of genotypic variability and grafting method significantly influenced the camu camu grafting. Therefore, the higher values of survival rate and more vigorous vegetative growth obtained with chip budding allows to recommend the use of this technique for vegetative propagation of camu camu genotypes evaluated in this study.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, 2013

In this paper, field measurements carried out in a suburban SFN network with two synchronized tra... more In this paper, field measurements carried out in a suburban SFN network with two synchronized transmitters are reported. It is found that the radio signal coverage of the distributed transmission scheme is distinctly improved when compared to a single transmitter system. The path loss gain and improvement associated to the SFN scheme are obtained as well as the multipath channel parameters including the mean and RMS delay spread. A tapped delay line is used to model the average power delay profile (PDP) in the distributed transmission cases and shows rather different features than the single transmission case.

Journal of nuclear medicine technology, 2003

The objective of this work was to determine the minimum administered activity of (99m)Tc-mercapto... more The objective of this work was to determine the minimum administered activity of (99m)Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) needed both to estimate effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) with adequate precision and to obtain good image quality. Three groups of 10 patients each were injected with 45, 71, or 132 MBq of MAG3. Renograms and perfusion and clearance images were obtained. The age, sex, and weight of the patients; the labeling yield; the mean count and counting rate 2 min after injection; the kidney-to-background and cortex-to-background ratios; the uptake time from the renograms; the percentage of the injected activity 2 min after injection in the left and right kidneys (A2(LK) and A2(RK), respectively); and the ERPF for both kidneys were obtained and analyzed. Discriminant analysis of image quality was used to select the variables that most affected image quality. The selected variables were studied among activity groups to optimize the amount of activity administered in these s...

Revista Ceres, 2014

Camu camu es una fruta nativa de la Amazonía, que llama la atención por el alto contenido de vita... more Camu camu es una fruta nativa de la Amazonía, que llama la atención por el alto contenido de vitamina C (6,116 mg/ 100 g de pulpa), está en proceso de domesticación, por lo cual se está investigando un método de propagación vegetativa que permita avanzar en el proceso de mejoramiento genético. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad rizogénica de plantas matrices promisorias de camu camu "Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh" según el aumento del número de hojas, mediante la técnica de estacas herbáceas en cámaras de subirrigación. El ensayo fue conducido mediante un Diseño de Bloques Completamente al Azar (DBCA) con arreglo factorial 9Ax3B, con 3 repeticiones y 15 estacas por unidad experimental. El factor A, estuvo constituido por nueve plantas matrices y el factor B: pares de hojas con 3 niveles: 1; 2 y 3 pares. El enraizamiento fue evaluado después de 90 días. Se observó que existió interacción estadística significativa para las variables: porcentaje de enraiza...

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2014

Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) is an indigenous fruit of the floodplain and riparian... more Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) is an indigenous fruit of the floodplain and riparian forests of the Amazon region. In Brazil, Roraima state has appropriate conditions for this fruit production. Cultivation outside the floodplains is an alternative to increase the availability of fruits, since flowering occurs almost all year round, and fruit bearing coincides with the end of the dry season and early rain season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative development of 6 camu-camu subsamples selected from the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA (Amazonas state), in a savanna region near Boa Vista city (Roraima, Brazil). The experiment was conducted at the Serra da Prata Experimental Station of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), with a climate type Am according to Köppen climate classification. Four parameters were evaluated for the growth analysis, the basal stem diameter (mm), the plant height (cm), and numbers of basal and terminal shoots, as well as the numbers of flowers and fruits. Measurements were made at 90 days intervals in order to define the growth curve of each subsample for 30 months Based on the parameters of vegetative growth and early flowering, we recommend the UAT 1096-5 subsample with the best vegetative development for transition forest/Savanna area, presenting moreover higher number of terminal shoots, greater height, and early flowering than the remaining camu-camu subsamples. At 30 months after planting, the UAT 1896-7 and UAT 0796-8 subsamples showed no statistical difference from UAT 1096-5 regarding the number of terminal shoots, but showed slightly lower height, with a statistically significant difference. The UAT 1596-7, UAT 1796-7, and URUBU-2 subsamples showed the lowest number of terminal shoots, although UAT 1596-7 presented greater height than the others. In relation to precocity, peak flowering occurred in January, 30 months after planting, with the UAT 0796-8 and UAT 1096-5 subsamples excelling over others, with 500 and 435 flowers in total, respectively.

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Inorganic Chemistry, 2006

We have investigated the isomeric distribution and rearrangement of complexes of the type [CoXLn]... more We have investigated the isomeric distribution and rearrangement of complexes of the type [CoXLn]2+,3+ (where X = Cl-, OH-, H2O, and Ln represents a pentadentate 13-, 14-, and 15-membered tetra-aza or diaza-dithia (N4 or N2S2) macrocycle bearing a pendant primary amine). The preparative procedures for chloro complexes produced almost exclusively kinetically preferred cis isomers (where the pendant primary amine is cis to the chloro ligand) that can be separated by careful cation-exchange chromatography. For L13 and L14 the so-called cis-V isomer is isolated as the kinetic product, and for L15 the cis-VI form (an N-based diastereomer) is the preferred, while for the L14(S) complex both cis-V and trans-I forms are obtained. All these complexes rearrange to form stable trans isomers in which the pendent primary amine is trans to the monodentate aqua or hydroxo ligand, depending on pH and the workup procedure. In total 11 different complexes have been studied. From these, two different trans isomers of [CoClL14(S)]2+ have been characterized crystallographically for the first time in addition to a new structure of cis-V-[CoClL14(S)]2+; all were isolated as their chloride perchlorate salts. Two additional isomers have been identified and characterized by NMR as reaction intermediates. The remaining seven forms correspond to the complexes already known, produced in preparative procedures. The kinetic, thermal, and baric activation parameters for all the isomerization reactions have been determined and involve large activation enthalpies and positive volumes of activation. Activation entropies indicate a very important degree of hydrogen bonding in the reactivity of the complexes, confirmed by density functional theory studies on the stability of the different isomeric forms. The isomerization processes are not simple and even some unstable intermediates have been detected and characterized as part of the above-mentioned 11 forms of the complexes. A common reaction mechanism for the isomerization reactions has been proposed for all the complexes derived from the observed kinetic and solution behavior.

Dalton Trans., 2012

The Fe III abstraction from Fe III /DFO and Fe III /EDTA complex systems by thiosemicarbazone lig... more The Fe III abstraction from Fe III /DFO and Fe III /EDTA complex systems by thiosemicarbazone ligands derived from 2-acetylpyridine has been studied from a kinetico-mechanistic perspective at relevant pH conditions and at varying temperatures and buffer solutions. The reactions have been found to be extremely dependent on the dominant E/Z isomeric form of the TSC ligands present in the reaction medium. Consequently the isomerisation processes occurring on the free ligands have also been monitored under equivalent conditions. The isomerisation process is found to be acid dependent, despite the absence of protonation under the conditions used, and presumably proceeds via an azo-type tautomer of the ligand. In all cases the existence of outer-sphere interaction processes has been established, both promoting the reactions and producing dead-end complexes. The better oriented forms of the ligands (EZ thiolate) have been found to react faster with the [Fe(HDFO)] + complex, although for mono-N 4 substituted thiosemicarbazones the process is retarded by the formation of a dead-end outer-sphere complex. A comparison with the abstraction of Fe III from [Fe(EDTA)(H 2 O)]has also been conducted with significant differences in the kinetic features that implicate keystone outer-sphere interactions which dominate reactivity, even with isomeric forms that are not the best suited for direct complexation.

Dalton Transactions, 2009

The kinetics and mechanism of the redox reaction between [Fe II (CN) 6 ] 4and the macrocyclic lig... more The kinetics and mechanism of the redox reaction between [Fe II (CN) 6 ] 4and the macrocyclic ligand complex [CrClL 15 ] 2+ (L 15 = 6-methyl-1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane-6-amine) has been studied at different pH values. In acidic solution, the expected redox process occurs with no formation of any of the possible Cr III /Fe II mixed valence complexes, as those seen for the Co III species of the same family, due to the enhanced lability of the Cr II species formed on Fe II to Fe III oxidation. In alkaline conditions, the formation of the complex [Cr(L 15)(OH) 2 ] + takes place as an initial step that precedes a simple substitution process producing the expected cyano-bridged Cr III /Fe II complex. In this species the potentially pentadentate ligand, L 15 , has a tetradentate coordination mode with a protonated exocyclic primary amine group and the redox potential is shifted to more negative values, thus disfavouring a redox driven reaction; the equivalent complex [CrCl(HL 14)(H 2 O)] 3+ (L 14 = 6-methyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-6-amine) has been prepared by the same method and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The final [Fe II (CN) 6 ] 4substituted complex, [{(HL 15)(OH)Cr III NC}Fe II (CN) 5 ]shows pK a values of 3.8 and 7.4, as expected for the aqua and amino ligands, respectively. Its characterization indicated its Class II mixed valence character with a very intense MMCT band at 350 nm showing a much larger extinction coefficient than that observed for the Co III complexes of the same family. This fact is in good agreement with the much larger Cr III-Fe II (t 2g-t 2g) coupling through cyanide bridging ligands expected for these complexes. The fully mixed metal/valence/ligand trimetallic complex [{(HL 15)(OH)Cr III NC}{L 13 Co III NC}Fe II (CN) 4 ] 2+ has been prepared following the same procedures and the results are comparable. The final complex has the same Class II mixed valence character and its electronic spectrum shows the characteristics of both the Fe II-to-Cr III and Fe II-to-Co III CT bands. The study allows the application of the redox and/or substitutionally driven methodology, already described and kinetically designed, for the preparation of discrete mixed valence complexes of inert centres, so avoiding the unpredictable nature of other approaches seen in the past.

Gallaecia, 1998

Abctract: ln this paper, results obtained from the analysis of faunal remains recovered in the Ca... more Abctract: ln this paper, results obtained from the analysis of faunal remains recovered in the Cantodorxo hillfort shellmidden are presented. The data indicate the existence ce of a cattle raising dominated by the ovicaprines, besides an intensive exploitation of the marine resources in the inmediate coast to the site, by means of the gathering of mollusks and a diversified fishing.

Catalysis Today, 2020

The hydrothermal synthesis of the perovskites NaNbO 3 , NaTaO 3 and the intermediate composition ... more The hydrothermal synthesis of the perovskites NaNbO 3 , NaTaO 3 and the intermediate composition NaNb 0.5 Ta 0.5 O 3 , as CO 2 conversion photocatalysts is reported. Among them, the niobate shows the most promising performance under UV irradiation not only in terms of conversion and light utilization ability, but also regarding the selectivity towards CO 2 reduction against hydrogen evolution from water protons. Further modification of NaNbO 3 with silver as co-catalyst results in an increase of the selectivity towards highly reduced products, primarily methanol, against the carbon monoxide production mainly observed with the bare semiconductor. A thorough structural, electronic, electrochemical characterization, together with in-situ surface analysis by APXPS, was undertaken to gain deeper insight into the reasons that account for such changes. On the one hand, for the bare semiconductors, increased light absorption and the sole presence of Nb in +4 state at the surface seem to drive the superior activity of NaNbO 3. On the other hand, electronic and surface chemistry modifications induced by 0.1 wt.% silver deposition are proposed to govern the higher selectivity towards methanol. Excessive metal loading, in turn, enhances the selectivity effect but at the expense of conversion, in such a way that light utilization becomes poorer than with the bare niobate.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2016

Quickly and dominantly, REST APIs have spread over the Web and percolated into modern software de... more Quickly and dominantly, REST APIs have spread over the Web and percolated into modern software development practice, especially in the Mobile Internet where they conveniently enable offloading data and computations onto cloud services. We analyze more than 78 GB of HTTP traffic collected by Italy's biggest Mobile Internet provider over one full day and study how big the trend is in practice, how it changed the traffic that is generated by applications, and how REST APIs are implemented in practice. The analysis provides insight into the compliance of state-of-the-art APIs with theoretical Web engineering principles and guidelines, knowledge that affects how applications should be developed to be scalable and robust. The perspective is that of the Mobile Internet.

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2013

The structure of the meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS 4) J-aggregates could be det... more The structure of the meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS 4) J-aggregates could be determined by X-ray and electron diffraction methods. A sheet-like architecture reveals the relationship between structure and chirality, optics and shapes of the J-aggregates of the meso 4-sulfonatophenyl-and phenyl-substituted porphyrins. The structure of the J-aggregates of H 4 TPPS 4 belongs to the chiral space group P2 1 and includes four porphyrin molecules in its unit cell. The intermolecular stabilization of the zwitterionic units by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between the positively charged central NH groups and the periphery anionic sulfonato groups results in a structure of porphyrins sheets along the [ 101] plane direction. The structure of the sheet on the [ 101] plane is already chiral and its molecular architecture explains the simultaneous presence of Hand J-aggregate bands in their absorption spectra. This structure also accounts for the high similarity observed between the absorption spectra of different mesomorphs of the same substance and even between different members of the series of meso-4-sulfonatophenyland aryl-substituted diprotonated porphyrins. The possibility, or not, of the sheet-like structure on [ 101] to interact with other layers, either through ionic or hydrophobic interactions, depends on the substitution pattern at the meso-positions of the porphyrin ring. Thus, the different morphologies of the particles [mono-bi-and multilayered] of this series of J-aggregates are explained taking into account the role that the fourth meso-substituent plays in the interlayer stabilization. The results suggest that supramolecular helicity, previously detected in several J-aggregates, is not the explanation of their chirality but would be the expression of the intrinsic chirality of the packing between building blocks. 1.1 Structure vs. excitonic spectra J-aggregates are a paradigm of how the electronic structure of a building block can be modied as a result of its self-assembly into supramolecular species. In the case of the porphyrins in

Sensors, 2013

This paper proposes a novel and autonomous weighing system for wild animals. It allows evaluating... more This paper proposes a novel and autonomous weighing system for wild animals. It allows evaluating changes in the body weight of animals in their natural environment without causing stress. The proposed system comprises a smart scale designed to estimate individual body weights and their temporal evolution in a bird colony. The system is based on computational intelligence, and offers valuable large amount of data to evaluate the relationship between long-term changes in the behavior of individuals and global change. The real deployment of this system has been for monitoring a breeding colony of lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) in southern Spain. The results show that it is possible to monitor individual weight changes during the breeding season and to compare the weight evolution in males and females.

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, 2012

Web Services Foundations, 2013

Over the past few years, mashup development has been made more accessible with tools such as Yaho... more Over the past few years, mashup development has been made more accessible with tools such as Yahoo! Pipes that help in making the development task simpler through simplifying technologies. However, mashup development is still a difficult task that requires knowledge about the functionality of web APIs, parameter settings, data mappings, among other development efforts. In this work, we aim at assisting users in the mashup process by recommending development knowledge that comes in the form of reusable composition knowledge. This composition knowledge is harvested from a repository of existing mashup models by mining a set of composition patterns, which are then used for interactively providing composition recommendations while developing the mashup. When the user accepts a recommendation, it is automatically woven into the partial mashup model by applying modeling actions as if they were performed by the user. In order to demonstrate our approach we have implemented Baya, a Firefox plugin for Yahoo! Pipes that shows that it is indeed possible to harvest useful composition patterns from existing mashups, and that we are able to provide complex recommendations that can be automatically woven inside Yahoo! Pipes' web-based mashup editor.

Service Oriented Computing and Applications, 2013

Facilitating compliance management, that is, assisting a company's management in conforming to la... more Facilitating compliance management, that is, assisting a company's management in conforming to laws, regulations, standards, contracts, and policies, is a hot but non-trivial task. The service-oriented architecture (SOA) has evolved traditional, manual business practices into modern, service-based IT practices that ease part of the problem: the systematic definition and execution of business processes. This, in turn, facilitates the online monitoring of system behaviors and the enforcement of allowed behaviors-all ingredients that can be used to assist compliance management on the fly during process execution. In this paper, instead of focusing on monitoring and runtime enforcement of rules or constraints, we strive for an alternative approach to compliance management in SOAs that aims at assessing and improving compliance. We propose two ingredients: (i) a model and tool to design compliant service-based processes and to instrument them in order to generate evidence of how they are executed and (ii) a reporting and analysis suite to create awareness of a company's compliance state and

Effluents in the capital city of Catamarca are treated using stabilization ponds-a method recomme... more Effluents in the capital city of Catamarca are treated using stabilization ponds-a method recommended for regions with high solar radiation, though a probable source of aquifers contamination. The purpose in this research is to study the environmental impact of the effluents plant on the groundwater hydric resources establishing space-time variation of water quality. Samples were taken from Del Valle river and nearby drillings. The samples were analyzed according to standardized techniques, and lithology and piezometric levels of the drillings were studied. Ion nitrate and nitrite concentrations in some of the drillings exceed human consumption limits, and they show space and time variations. Neither Escherichia coli nor changes on chloride ion concentrations were detected. Groundwater and river water are bicarbonate, sodic, calcic, of medium salinity. According to the litho piezometric characteristics, the drillings are defined as vulnerable to superficial contamination.