Carol Dahl - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Carol Dahl
Veterinary Microbiology, 2002
Pasteurella multocida and Ascaridia galli are observed with high prevalences in free range chicke... more Pasteurella multocida and Ascaridia galli are observed with high prevalences in free range chickens in Denmark, but the impact is unknown. A study was carried out to examine the interaction between A. galli and P. multocida in chickens and the impact on production.Five groups, each with 20 18-week-old Lohmann Brown chickens were infected. Group 1 was orally infected with 1000±50
Resources and Energy, 1989
... The total supplies for oil are fixed by using the Oil Market Model from Lorentsen and Roland ... more ... The total supplies for oil are fixed by using the Oil Market Model from Lorentsen and Roland (1986) in conjunction with information from Fesheraki and Isaak (1983), Manne et al. (1985), Stortingsmelding nr. 46 (1986-1987), and the authors' judgment. ...
16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (ICAT'06), 2006
Nature, 2006
The introduction of new diagnostic tools can help to reduce the large burden of disease in the de... more The introduction of new diagnostic tools can help to reduce the large burden of disease in the developing world. New tests that can accurately discriminate between patients who do and do not need treatment will reduce mortality, morbidity and the waste of scarce resources. ...
Stockpile Strategy for China's Emergency Oil Reserve: A Dynamic Programming Approach. Yang B... more Stockpile Strategy for China's Emergency Oil Reserve: A Dynamic Programming Approach. Yang Bai a , Carol A Dahl b , Dequn Zhou a , Peng Zhou a. a Research Centre for Soft Energy Science, College of Economics and Management,. ...
Resources Policy, 1993
... Source: Lorentsen, Roland, Aaheim (1985), pp 145, 150 (LRA8518) Original units: 1983 US barre... more ... Source: Lorentsen, Roland, Aaheim (1985), pp 145, 150 (LRA8518) Original units: 1983 US barrel IRR = 10 Production Transport Capital Capital Oil cost per cost per reserve Operating unit of Total Operating unit of Total ratio cost production cost cost production cost Norway ...
Resource and Energy Economics, 1996
We survey studies of simple energy supply models to find the most promising technique for develop... more We survey studies of simple energy supply models to find the most promising technique for developing supply elasticities in the U.S. crude oil market. The two dozen studies located include direct estimates of energy supply elasticities or cost studies from which supply or reserve elasticities can be inferred. We include all available studies for all forms of energy both primary
Nature, 1985
... Sequence polymorphism of HLA DR 1 alleles relating to T-cell-recognized determinants. JS Cair... more ... Sequence polymorphism of HLA DR 1 alleles relating to T-cell-recognized determinants. JS Cairns, JM Curtsinger, CA Dahl, S. Freeman, BJ Alter & FH Bach. ... Today 6, 89−94 (1985). | ISI | ChemPort |. 17. Dale, R., McClure, B. & Houchins, JP Plasmid 13, 13−40 (1985). 18. ...
Nature, 2006
Despite recent advances in the availability of powerful drugs, infectious diseases that are large... more Despite recent advances in the availability of powerful drugs, infectious diseases that are largely treatable continue to take a massive toll on the populations of developing countries. Many previously published analyses have provided estimates of the burden posed by specific diseases. ...
Molecular Psychiatry, 2010
The reported prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased 5-10× over the past 20 y... more The reported prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased 5-10× over the past 20 years. Whether ASD are truly more frequent is controversial; nonetheless, the burden is profound in human and economic terms. Although autism is among the most heritable of mental disorders, its pathogenesis remains obscure. Environmental factors are proposed; however, none is implicated. Furthermore, there are no biomarkers to screen for ASD or risk of ASD. The Autism Birth Cohort (ABC) was initiated to investigate gene × environment × timing interactions and enable early diagnosis. It employs a large, unselected birth cohort wherein cases are prospectively ascertained through population screening. Samples collected serially through pregnancy and childhood include parental blood, maternal urine, cord blood, milk teeth and rectal swabs. More than 107 000 children are continuously screened via questionnaires, referral and a national registry. Cases are compared with a control group from the same cohort in a "nested case-control" design. Early screening, diagnostic assessments and re-assessments are designed to provide a rich view of longitudinal trajectory. Genetic, proteomic, immunologic, metagenomic and microbiological tools will be used to exploit unique biological samples. The ABC is a paradigm for investigating the role of genetic and environmental factors in complex disorders.
Microbiology, 1994
Adenylylsulphate (adenosine-5'-phosphosulphate, APS) reductase from the extremely thermophilic su... more Adenylylsulphate (adenosine-5'-phosphosulphate, APS) reductase from the extremely thermophilic sulphate-reducing archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus is an iron-sulphur f lavoprotein containing one non-covalently bound f lavin group, eight non-haem iron and six labile sulphide atoms per molecule. Reevaluation of the enzyme structure revealed the presence of two different subunits with molecular masses of 80 and 18.5 kDa. The subunits are arranged in an a# subunit structure. We have cloned and sequenced a 2-7 kb segment of DNA containing the genes for the a and p subunits, which we designate aprA and aprB, respectively. The two genes are separated by 17 bp and localized in the order aprBA. While a putative promoter could not be identified in the vicinity of aprBA a probable termination signal was found just downstream of the translation stop codon of aprA. The codon usage for aprBA shows strong preferences for G and C in the third codon position. aprA encodes a 73.3 kDa polypeptide, which shows significant overall similarities with the flavoprotein subunits of the succinate dehydrogenases from Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and the corresponding f lavoprotein of E. coli f umarate reductase. Part of the homologous peptide stretches could be assigned to domains that are involved in the binding of the substrate or of the FAD prosthetic group. aprB encodes a 17.1 kDa polypeptide representing an iron-sulphur protein, seven cysteine residues of which are arranged in two clusters typical of ligands of the iron-sulphur centres in { [ Fe, S, ] [ Fe, S, ] } 7-Fe ferredoxins.
Microbiology, 1998
A sulfite-reductase-type protein was purified from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Pyrobaculu... more A sulfite-reductase-type protein was purified from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Pyrobaculum islandicum grown chemoorganoheterotrophically with thiosulfate as terminal electron acceptor. In common with dissimilatory sulfite reductases the protein has an alpha 2 beta 2 structure and contains high-spin sirohaem, non-haem iron and acid-labile sulfide. The oxidized protein exhibits absorption maxima at 280, 392, 578 and 710 nm with shoulders at 430 and 610 nm. The isoelectric point of pH 8.4 sets the protein apart from all dissimilatory sulfite reductases characterized thus far. The genes for the alpha- and beta-subunits (dsrA and dsrB) are contiguous in the order dsrAdsrB and most probably comprise an operon with the directly following dsrG and dsrC genes. dsrG and dsrC encode products which are homologous to eukaryotic glutathione S-transferases and the proposed gamma-subunit of Desulfovibrio vulgaris sulfite reductase, respectively. dsrA and dsrB encode 44.2 kDa and 41.2 kDa peptides which show significant similarity to the two homologous subunits DsrA and DsrB of dissimilatory sulfite reductases. Phylogenetic analyses indicate a common protogenotic origin of the P. islandicum protein and the dissimilatory sulfite reductases from sulfate-reducing and sulfide-oxidizing prokaryotes. However, the protein from P. islandicum and the sulfite reductases from sulfate-reducers and from sulfur-oxidizers most probably evolved into three independent lineages prior to divergence of archaea and bacteria.
Microbiology, 1997
The genes for adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) reductase, aprBA, and sirohaem sulfite re... more The genes for adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) reductase, aprBA, and sirohaem sulfite reductase, dsrAB, from the sulfur-oxidizing phototrophic bacterium Chromatium vinosum strain D (DSMZ 180(T)) were cloned and sequenced. Statistically significant sequence similarities and similar physicochemical properties suggest that the aprBA and dsrAB gene products from Chr. vinosum are true homologues of their counterparts from the sulfate-reducing chemotrophic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus and the sulfate-reducing chemotrophic bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Evidence for the proposed duplication of a common ancestor of the dsrAB genes is provided. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a greater evolutionary distance between the enzymes from Chr. vinosum and D. vulgaris than between those from A. fulgidus and D. vulgaris. The data reported in this study are most consistent with the concept of common ancestral protogenotic genes both for dissimilatory sirohaem sulfite reductases and for APS reductases. The aprA gene was demonstrated to be a suitable DNA probe for the identification of apr genes from organisms of different phylogenetic positions. PCR primers and conditions for the amplification of apr homologous regions are described.
Immunological Reviews, 1985
Immunological Reviews 1985, No. 85 Published by Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark No part may be re... more Immunological Reviews 1985, No. 85 Published by Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark No part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the authors) ... DNA and Protein Studies of HLA Class ... II Molecules: Their Relationship to T Cell
Human Genetics, 1990
We have isolated cDNA clones from a human NK cell cDNA library that encode the serine protease gr... more We have isolated cDNA clones from a human NK cell cDNA library that encode the serine protease granzyme B. Although the sequence of the entire coding region for the mature protein and the 3' untranslated region of the clone are identical to other cDNA isolates of this gene obtained from human T cell cDNA libraries, the 5' end of two clones is 103 bp longer than the previously described sequences and would encode a protein with a 54-amino-acid-long signal sequence. Experiments characterizing granzyme B mRNA suggest that transcripts that initiate at or before the 5' end of these clones comprise a detectable but infrequent class of granzyme B transcripts in NK and T cells. We have mapped this gene to human chromosome 14 in the region 14q11----14q32, distal to the T cell receptor alpha locus and proximal to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. The chromosomal location of this gene, together with the previously described high sequence homology between this gene and the mouse CTLA 1/ccp1 gene, make it likely that this is the human equivalent of the mouse CTLA1/ccp1.
FEMS Microbiology Letters, 1990
ATP sulfurylase (sulfate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.4) was isolated from the recently describe... more ATP sulfurylase (sulfate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.4) was isolated from the recently described extremely thermophilic sulfate-reducing archaebaeterium Archaeoglobus fulgidus. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and FPLC on Phenyl-Sepharose Fast Flow, Mono-Q and Superose 6. The M r of ATP sulfurylase was estimated at 150000 by analytical gel filtration on Superose 6. The enzyme exhibited a strong tendency to form catalytically active trimers. The enzyme preparation gave two bands with molecular weights of 50000 and 53000 on analysis by SDS-PAGE, suggesting an a2fl structure of the monomer. The pH-optimum for activity was 8.0 and the optimum reaction temperature was 90"C. The apparent K m values for adenylylsulfate and pyrophosphate were 0.17 mM and 0.13 raM, respectively. The pl of the archaebacterial ATP sulfurylase was 4.3.
Veterinary Microbiology, 2002
Pasteurella multocida and Ascaridia galli are observed with high prevalences in free range chicke... more Pasteurella multocida and Ascaridia galli are observed with high prevalences in free range chickens in Denmark, but the impact is unknown. A study was carried out to examine the interaction between A. galli and P. multocida in chickens and the impact on production.Five groups, each with 20 18-week-old Lohmann Brown chickens were infected. Group 1 was orally infected with 1000±50
Resources and Energy, 1989
... The total supplies for oil are fixed by using the Oil Market Model from Lorentsen and Roland ... more ... The total supplies for oil are fixed by using the Oil Market Model from Lorentsen and Roland (1986) in conjunction with information from Fesheraki and Isaak (1983), Manne et al. (1985), Stortingsmelding nr. 46 (1986-1987), and the authors' judgment. ...
16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (ICAT'06), 2006
Nature, 2006
The introduction of new diagnostic tools can help to reduce the large burden of disease in the de... more The introduction of new diagnostic tools can help to reduce the large burden of disease in the developing world. New tests that can accurately discriminate between patients who do and do not need treatment will reduce mortality, morbidity and the waste of scarce resources. ...
Stockpile Strategy for China's Emergency Oil Reserve: A Dynamic Programming Approach. Yang B... more Stockpile Strategy for China's Emergency Oil Reserve: A Dynamic Programming Approach. Yang Bai a , Carol A Dahl b , Dequn Zhou a , Peng Zhou a. a Research Centre for Soft Energy Science, College of Economics and Management,. ...
Resources Policy, 1993
... Source: Lorentsen, Roland, Aaheim (1985), pp 145, 150 (LRA8518) Original units: 1983 US barre... more ... Source: Lorentsen, Roland, Aaheim (1985), pp 145, 150 (LRA8518) Original units: 1983 US barrel IRR = 10 Production Transport Capital Capital Oil cost per cost per reserve Operating unit of Total Operating unit of Total ratio cost production cost cost production cost Norway ...
Resource and Energy Economics, 1996
We survey studies of simple energy supply models to find the most promising technique for develop... more We survey studies of simple energy supply models to find the most promising technique for developing supply elasticities in the U.S. crude oil market. The two dozen studies located include direct estimates of energy supply elasticities or cost studies from which supply or reserve elasticities can be inferred. We include all available studies for all forms of energy both primary
Nature, 1985
... Sequence polymorphism of HLA DR 1 alleles relating to T-cell-recognized determinants. JS Cair... more ... Sequence polymorphism of HLA DR 1 alleles relating to T-cell-recognized determinants. JS Cairns, JM Curtsinger, CA Dahl, S. Freeman, BJ Alter & FH Bach. ... Today 6, 89−94 (1985). | ISI | ChemPort |. 17. Dale, R., McClure, B. & Houchins, JP Plasmid 13, 13−40 (1985). 18. ...
Nature, 2006
Despite recent advances in the availability of powerful drugs, infectious diseases that are large... more Despite recent advances in the availability of powerful drugs, infectious diseases that are largely treatable continue to take a massive toll on the populations of developing countries. Many previously published analyses have provided estimates of the burden posed by specific diseases. ...
Molecular Psychiatry, 2010
The reported prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased 5-10× over the past 20 y... more The reported prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased 5-10× over the past 20 years. Whether ASD are truly more frequent is controversial; nonetheless, the burden is profound in human and economic terms. Although autism is among the most heritable of mental disorders, its pathogenesis remains obscure. Environmental factors are proposed; however, none is implicated. Furthermore, there are no biomarkers to screen for ASD or risk of ASD. The Autism Birth Cohort (ABC) was initiated to investigate gene × environment × timing interactions and enable early diagnosis. It employs a large, unselected birth cohort wherein cases are prospectively ascertained through population screening. Samples collected serially through pregnancy and childhood include parental blood, maternal urine, cord blood, milk teeth and rectal swabs. More than 107 000 children are continuously screened via questionnaires, referral and a national registry. Cases are compared with a control group from the same cohort in a "nested case-control" design. Early screening, diagnostic assessments and re-assessments are designed to provide a rich view of longitudinal trajectory. Genetic, proteomic, immunologic, metagenomic and microbiological tools will be used to exploit unique biological samples. The ABC is a paradigm for investigating the role of genetic and environmental factors in complex disorders.
Microbiology, 1994
Adenylylsulphate (adenosine-5'-phosphosulphate, APS) reductase from the extremely thermophilic su... more Adenylylsulphate (adenosine-5'-phosphosulphate, APS) reductase from the extremely thermophilic sulphate-reducing archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus is an iron-sulphur f lavoprotein containing one non-covalently bound f lavin group, eight non-haem iron and six labile sulphide atoms per molecule. Reevaluation of the enzyme structure revealed the presence of two different subunits with molecular masses of 80 and 18.5 kDa. The subunits are arranged in an a# subunit structure. We have cloned and sequenced a 2-7 kb segment of DNA containing the genes for the a and p subunits, which we designate aprA and aprB, respectively. The two genes are separated by 17 bp and localized in the order aprBA. While a putative promoter could not be identified in the vicinity of aprBA a probable termination signal was found just downstream of the translation stop codon of aprA. The codon usage for aprBA shows strong preferences for G and C in the third codon position. aprA encodes a 73.3 kDa polypeptide, which shows significant overall similarities with the flavoprotein subunits of the succinate dehydrogenases from Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and the corresponding f lavoprotein of E. coli f umarate reductase. Part of the homologous peptide stretches could be assigned to domains that are involved in the binding of the substrate or of the FAD prosthetic group. aprB encodes a 17.1 kDa polypeptide representing an iron-sulphur protein, seven cysteine residues of which are arranged in two clusters typical of ligands of the iron-sulphur centres in { [ Fe, S, ] [ Fe, S, ] } 7-Fe ferredoxins.
Microbiology, 1998
A sulfite-reductase-type protein was purified from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Pyrobaculu... more A sulfite-reductase-type protein was purified from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Pyrobaculum islandicum grown chemoorganoheterotrophically with thiosulfate as terminal electron acceptor. In common with dissimilatory sulfite reductases the protein has an alpha 2 beta 2 structure and contains high-spin sirohaem, non-haem iron and acid-labile sulfide. The oxidized protein exhibits absorption maxima at 280, 392, 578 and 710 nm with shoulders at 430 and 610 nm. The isoelectric point of pH 8.4 sets the protein apart from all dissimilatory sulfite reductases characterized thus far. The genes for the alpha- and beta-subunits (dsrA and dsrB) are contiguous in the order dsrAdsrB and most probably comprise an operon with the directly following dsrG and dsrC genes. dsrG and dsrC encode products which are homologous to eukaryotic glutathione S-transferases and the proposed gamma-subunit of Desulfovibrio vulgaris sulfite reductase, respectively. dsrA and dsrB encode 44.2 kDa and 41.2 kDa peptides which show significant similarity to the two homologous subunits DsrA and DsrB of dissimilatory sulfite reductases. Phylogenetic analyses indicate a common protogenotic origin of the P. islandicum protein and the dissimilatory sulfite reductases from sulfate-reducing and sulfide-oxidizing prokaryotes. However, the protein from P. islandicum and the sulfite reductases from sulfate-reducers and from sulfur-oxidizers most probably evolved into three independent lineages prior to divergence of archaea and bacteria.
Microbiology, 1997
The genes for adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) reductase, aprBA, and sirohaem sulfite re... more The genes for adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) reductase, aprBA, and sirohaem sulfite reductase, dsrAB, from the sulfur-oxidizing phototrophic bacterium Chromatium vinosum strain D (DSMZ 180(T)) were cloned and sequenced. Statistically significant sequence similarities and similar physicochemical properties suggest that the aprBA and dsrAB gene products from Chr. vinosum are true homologues of their counterparts from the sulfate-reducing chemotrophic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus and the sulfate-reducing chemotrophic bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Evidence for the proposed duplication of a common ancestor of the dsrAB genes is provided. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a greater evolutionary distance between the enzymes from Chr. vinosum and D. vulgaris than between those from A. fulgidus and D. vulgaris. The data reported in this study are most consistent with the concept of common ancestral protogenotic genes both for dissimilatory sirohaem sulfite reductases and for APS reductases. The aprA gene was demonstrated to be a suitable DNA probe for the identification of apr genes from organisms of different phylogenetic positions. PCR primers and conditions for the amplification of apr homologous regions are described.
Immunological Reviews, 1985
Immunological Reviews 1985, No. 85 Published by Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark No part may be re... more Immunological Reviews 1985, No. 85 Published by Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark No part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the authors) ... DNA and Protein Studies of HLA Class ... II Molecules: Their Relationship to T Cell
Human Genetics, 1990
We have isolated cDNA clones from a human NK cell cDNA library that encode the serine protease gr... more We have isolated cDNA clones from a human NK cell cDNA library that encode the serine protease granzyme B. Although the sequence of the entire coding region for the mature protein and the 3' untranslated region of the clone are identical to other cDNA isolates of this gene obtained from human T cell cDNA libraries, the 5' end of two clones is 103 bp longer than the previously described sequences and would encode a protein with a 54-amino-acid-long signal sequence. Experiments characterizing granzyme B mRNA suggest that transcripts that initiate at or before the 5' end of these clones comprise a detectable but infrequent class of granzyme B transcripts in NK and T cells. We have mapped this gene to human chromosome 14 in the region 14q11----14q32, distal to the T cell receptor alpha locus and proximal to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. The chromosomal location of this gene, together with the previously described high sequence homology between this gene and the mouse CTLA 1/ccp1 gene, make it likely that this is the human equivalent of the mouse CTLA1/ccp1.
FEMS Microbiology Letters, 1990
ATP sulfurylase (sulfate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.4) was isolated from the recently describe... more ATP sulfurylase (sulfate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.4) was isolated from the recently described extremely thermophilic sulfate-reducing archaebaeterium Archaeoglobus fulgidus. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and FPLC on Phenyl-Sepharose Fast Flow, Mono-Q and Superose 6. The M r of ATP sulfurylase was estimated at 150000 by analytical gel filtration on Superose 6. The enzyme exhibited a strong tendency to form catalytically active trimers. The enzyme preparation gave two bands with molecular weights of 50000 and 53000 on analysis by SDS-PAGE, suggesting an a2fl structure of the monomer. The pH-optimum for activity was 8.0 and the optimum reaction temperature was 90"C. The apparent K m values for adenylylsulfate and pyrophosphate were 0.17 mM and 0.13 raM, respectively. The pl of the archaebacterial ATP sulfurylase was 4.3.