Emma Castillo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Emma Castillo

Journal of Social Psychology - J SOC PSYCHOL, 1975

An investigation was conducted to determine whether the language of testing exerts an influence i... more An investigation was conducted to determine whether the language of testing exerts an influence in cross-cultural work among bilingual Ss concerning ethnic stereotypes and the generality of stereotyping. The investigation constituted a replication in the Tagalog language of a study initially conducted in English. The results indicated that the language of testing did not appreciably affect the product of stereotyping, the stereotypes themselves, but it did affect at least one aspect of the process of stereotyping, its generality across ingroup and outgroup concepts. Such results suggest that investigators engaged in cross-cultural research should consider very carefully the language of testing.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2006

The role of genetic predisposition to the development of dyspepsia is unclear. Recently, a signif... more The role of genetic predisposition to the development of dyspepsia is unclear. Recently, a significant association was reported with CC genotype of GNbeta3. To explore the association of candidate genotypes altering adrenergic, serotonergic, CCKergic, and G protein functions, and dyspepsia in a sample from a U.S. community. Dyspeptics and healthy controls were identified among community respondents who had been randomly selected to complete validated questionnaires. Other diseases were excluded by face-to-face history and physical examination. Polymorphisms of candidate genes for alpha(2A), alpha(2C), 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2C), CCK-1 receptors and CCK promoter, GNbeta3 protein, and SERT-promoter (SERT-P) were studied. The association between polymorphisms and meal-related or meal-unrelated dyspepsia, high somatic symptom scores, and somatization were evaluated using Fisher's exact test. DNA was available from 41 dyspeptics and 47 healthy controls from Olmsted County. Community dyspepsia unrelated to meals was associated with both homozygous GNbeta3 protein 825T and C alleles. There were no significant associations with meal-related dyspepsia. Using Rome II subgroups, the same genotype was associated with dysmotility-like and other dyspepsia. Higher somatization scores were not significantly associated with any of the candidate genes when considered as single factors. Meal-unrelated dyspepsia in a U.S. community study is associated with the homozygous 825T or C alleles of GNbeta3 protein. Candidate genes controlling adrenergic, serotonergic, and CCKergic functions do not appear to be associated with dyspepsia.

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2004

Background & Aims: Dyspepsia is common in clinical practice and in the community. The relationshi... more Background & Aims: Dyspepsia is common in clinical practice and in the community. The relationship of the symptoms to meals and the pathophysiology in community dyspeptic patients is unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure symptoms, demographic features, and gastric motor and sensory functions associated with dyspepsia in the community. Methods: A Modified Bowel Disease Questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of Olmsted County, MN, residents. Dyspeptic patients and healthy controls identified among community respondents completed further questionnaires, Helicobacter pylori serology, gastric emptying by scintigraphy, gastric accommodation by 99m Tc-singlephoton emission computed tomography imaging, and postprandial symptoms and satiation by a nutrient drink test. Results: A total of 34.1% of community respondents reported dyspepsia within the past year, frequent (at least 25% of the time in the past year) in 17.5%, and 18.4% reported meal-related dyspepsia. Dyspepsia was frequent and related to meals in 10.8% of respondents. Compared with nondyspeptic controls, community dyspepsia was associated with higher aggregate symptom scores and bloating after a fully satiating meal. Community dyspepsia also was associated with higher somatization scores (P ‫؍‬ .001), reporting of other somatic symptoms (P ‫؍‬ .07), and general severity score on the symptom checklist 90 (P ‫؍‬ .01), but not with disordered motor or sensory function. Gastric volumes, gastric emptying, and maximum tolerated volumes were not significantly different between community controls and dyspeptic patients. Conclusions: Meal-related dyspepsia is an important component of dyspepsia in the community. Community dyspeptic patients have higher symptom scores after a fully satiating meal, consistent with gastric hypersensitivity. This is associated with higher somatization scores rather than disorders of gastric emptying or volumes.

AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2004

meister. Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in ... more meister. Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in healthy volunteers. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 287: G363-G369, 2004; 10.1152/ ajpgi.00074.2004.-CCK influences satiation and gastric and gallbladder emptying. GI181771X is a novel oral CCK-1 agonist; its effects on gastric emptying of solids, accommodation, and postprandial symptoms are unclear. Effects of four dose levels of the oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X and placebo on gastric functions and postprandial symptoms were compared in 61 healthy men and women in a randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind, doubledummy placebo-controlled, parallel group study. Effects of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg of oral solution and a 5.0-mg tablet of GI181771X on gastric emptying of solids by scintigraphy, gastric volume by 99m Tc-single photon emission computed tomographic imaging, maximum tolerated volume of Ensure, and postprandial nausea, bloating, fullness, and pain were studied. On each of 3 study days, participants received their randomly assigned treatment. Adverse effects and safety were monitored. There were overall group effects of GI181771X on gastric emptying (P Ͻ 0.01) and fasting and postprandial volumes (P ϭ 0.036 and 0.015, respectively). The 1.5-mg oral solution of GI181771X significantly delayed gastric emptying of solids (P Ͻ 0.01) and increased fasting (P ϭ 0.035) gastric volumes without altering postprandial (P ϭ 0.056) gastric volumes or postprandial symptoms relative to placebo. The effect of the 5.0-mg tablet on gastric emptying of solids did not reach significance (P ϭ 0.052). Pharmacokinetic profiles showed the highest area under the curve over 4 h for the 1.5-mg solution and a similar area under the curve for the 0.5-mg solution and 5-mg tablet. Adverse effects were predominantly gastrointestinal and occurred in a minority of participants. GI181771X delays gastric emptying of solids and exhibits an acceptable safety profile in healthy participants. CCK-1 receptors can be modulated to increase fasting gastric volume. accommodation; single photon emission computed tomography; satiation; fasting CCK IS A gastrointestinal hormone that is released in response to the ingestion of fat and protein. It plays an important role in stimulation of pancreatic secretion, gallbladder contraction, regulation of gastrointestinal motility, and induction of satiety .

Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal, 2009

1. - To measure the alveolar resorption processes that occur in patients wearing mandibular overd... more 1. - To measure the alveolar resorption processes that occur in patients wearing mandibular overdentures on 2 implants and fully-removable maxillary dentures, and to evaluate the same process on patients wearing fully-removable dentures on both arches. 2.- To verify whether Kelly's Combination Syndrome occurs in the group of patients wearing overdentures. Forty patients were evaluated, of which a "cases" group was formed by 25 patients wearing mandibular overdentures on 2 lower jaw implants and fully-removable dentures on the opposite arch. The other 15 patients formed a control group that wore fully-removable dentures on both arches. Each one of the patients underwent orthopantograms from the moment the dentures were inserted until an average of 6 years later, which were assessed based on the Xie et al. method to estimate vertical bone loss. Once the data was collected, it was subjected to statistical analysis. In terms of the maxillary midline, we observed a greater ...

Anales de Pediatría, 2010

Advances in perinatal care have resulted in increased survival rates for extremely low birth weig... more Advances in perinatal care have resulted in increased survival rates for extremely low birth weight children, but it is fundamental to know if these improved survival rates have been accompanied by increased impairment rates. To compare, over two different time periods, the survival and disability rates at 2 years of corrected age, among newborns < or =32 weeks and weighed < or = 1500 g at birth. Follow-up study that included 963 children born in the hospital between 1991 and 2004 who met the study criteria. Neonatal morbidity, mortality and disability to 2 years of corrected age in 2 time periods 1991-1998 (period I) and 1999-2004 (period II) have been evaluated and analysed by subgroups of weight (weight < 1000 g and 1000-1500 g). Mortality decreased significantly during the second period, both for children with birth weight <1000 g (32% vs 44%) as for those with birth weight between 1000 and 1500 g ( 3,6% vs 9%). Analysing all children < or = 1500 g, an increase in the survivors without disability was observed in the second period (69% vs 60%, p=0.003); but by subgroups this increase only was significant in children with birth weight 1000-1500 g (67% vs 82%). In our study, globally analysing all children with birth weight < or = 1500 g, it can be seen that there has been an increase in survival without an increase in the frequency of disabilities. Analysing by weight subgroups, survival has increased in both groups, but disability has decreased only in the birth weight 1000-1500 g subgroup.

por sus siglas en Inglés) (www.itgi.org) se estableció en 1998 para evolucionar el pensamiento y ... more por sus siglas en Inglés) (www.itgi.org) se estableció en 1998 para evolucionar el pensamiento y los estándares internacionales respecto a la dirección y control de la tecnología de información de una empresa. Un gobierno de TI efectivo, ayuda a garantizar que TI soporte las metas del negocio, optimice la inversión del negocio en TI, y administre de forma adecuada los riesgos y oportunidades asociados a la TI. El IT Governance Institute ofrece investigación original, recursos electrónicos y casos de estudio para ayudar a los líderes de las empresas y a sus consejos directivos en sus responsabilidades de Gobierno de TI.

Journal of Social Psychology - J SOC PSYCHOL, 1975

An investigation was conducted to determine whether the language of testing exerts an influence i... more An investigation was conducted to determine whether the language of testing exerts an influence in cross-cultural work among bilingual Ss concerning ethnic stereotypes and the generality of stereotyping. The investigation constituted a replication in the Tagalog language of a study initially conducted in English. The results indicated that the language of testing did not appreciably affect the product of stereotyping, the stereotypes themselves, but it did affect at least one aspect of the process of stereotyping, its generality across ingroup and outgroup concepts. Such results suggest that investigators engaged in cross-cultural research should consider very carefully the language of testing.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2006

The role of genetic predisposition to the development of dyspepsia is unclear. Recently, a signif... more The role of genetic predisposition to the development of dyspepsia is unclear. Recently, a significant association was reported with CC genotype of GNbeta3. To explore the association of candidate genotypes altering adrenergic, serotonergic, CCKergic, and G protein functions, and dyspepsia in a sample from a U.S. community. Dyspeptics and healthy controls were identified among community respondents who had been randomly selected to complete validated questionnaires. Other diseases were excluded by face-to-face history and physical examination. Polymorphisms of candidate genes for alpha(2A), alpha(2C), 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2C), CCK-1 receptors and CCK promoter, GNbeta3 protein, and SERT-promoter (SERT-P) were studied. The association between polymorphisms and meal-related or meal-unrelated dyspepsia, high somatic symptom scores, and somatization were evaluated using Fisher's exact test. DNA was available from 41 dyspeptics and 47 healthy controls from Olmsted County. Community dyspepsia unrelated to meals was associated with both homozygous GNbeta3 protein 825T and C alleles. There were no significant associations with meal-related dyspepsia. Using Rome II subgroups, the same genotype was associated with dysmotility-like and other dyspepsia. Higher somatization scores were not significantly associated with any of the candidate genes when considered as single factors. Meal-unrelated dyspepsia in a U.S. community study is associated with the homozygous 825T or C alleles of GNbeta3 protein. Candidate genes controlling adrenergic, serotonergic, and CCKergic functions do not appear to be associated with dyspepsia.

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2004

Background & Aims: Dyspepsia is common in clinical practice and in the community. The relationshi... more Background & Aims: Dyspepsia is common in clinical practice and in the community. The relationship of the symptoms to meals and the pathophysiology in community dyspeptic patients is unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure symptoms, demographic features, and gastric motor and sensory functions associated with dyspepsia in the community. Methods: A Modified Bowel Disease Questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of Olmsted County, MN, residents. Dyspeptic patients and healthy controls identified among community respondents completed further questionnaires, Helicobacter pylori serology, gastric emptying by scintigraphy, gastric accommodation by 99m Tc-singlephoton emission computed tomography imaging, and postprandial symptoms and satiation by a nutrient drink test. Results: A total of 34.1% of community respondents reported dyspepsia within the past year, frequent (at least 25% of the time in the past year) in 17.5%, and 18.4% reported meal-related dyspepsia. Dyspepsia was frequent and related to meals in 10.8% of respondents. Compared with nondyspeptic controls, community dyspepsia was associated with higher aggregate symptom scores and bloating after a fully satiating meal. Community dyspepsia also was associated with higher somatization scores (P ‫؍‬ .001), reporting of other somatic symptoms (P ‫؍‬ .07), and general severity score on the symptom checklist 90 (P ‫؍‬ .01), but not with disordered motor or sensory function. Gastric volumes, gastric emptying, and maximum tolerated volumes were not significantly different between community controls and dyspeptic patients. Conclusions: Meal-related dyspepsia is an important component of dyspepsia in the community. Community dyspeptic patients have higher symptom scores after a fully satiating meal, consistent with gastric hypersensitivity. This is associated with higher somatization scores rather than disorders of gastric emptying or volumes.

AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2004

meister. Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in ... more meister. Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in healthy volunteers. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 287: G363-G369, 2004; 10.1152/ ajpgi.00074.2004.-CCK influences satiation and gastric and gallbladder emptying. GI181771X is a novel oral CCK-1 agonist; its effects on gastric emptying of solids, accommodation, and postprandial symptoms are unclear. Effects of four dose levels of the oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X and placebo on gastric functions and postprandial symptoms were compared in 61 healthy men and women in a randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind, doubledummy placebo-controlled, parallel group study. Effects of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg of oral solution and a 5.0-mg tablet of GI181771X on gastric emptying of solids by scintigraphy, gastric volume by 99m Tc-single photon emission computed tomographic imaging, maximum tolerated volume of Ensure, and postprandial nausea, bloating, fullness, and pain were studied. On each of 3 study days, participants received their randomly assigned treatment. Adverse effects and safety were monitored. There were overall group effects of GI181771X on gastric emptying (P Ͻ 0.01) and fasting and postprandial volumes (P ϭ 0.036 and 0.015, respectively). The 1.5-mg oral solution of GI181771X significantly delayed gastric emptying of solids (P Ͻ 0.01) and increased fasting (P ϭ 0.035) gastric volumes without altering postprandial (P ϭ 0.056) gastric volumes or postprandial symptoms relative to placebo. The effect of the 5.0-mg tablet on gastric emptying of solids did not reach significance (P ϭ 0.052). Pharmacokinetic profiles showed the highest area under the curve over 4 h for the 1.5-mg solution and a similar area under the curve for the 0.5-mg solution and 5-mg tablet. Adverse effects were predominantly gastrointestinal and occurred in a minority of participants. GI181771X delays gastric emptying of solids and exhibits an acceptable safety profile in healthy participants. CCK-1 receptors can be modulated to increase fasting gastric volume. accommodation; single photon emission computed tomography; satiation; fasting CCK IS A gastrointestinal hormone that is released in response to the ingestion of fat and protein. It plays an important role in stimulation of pancreatic secretion, gallbladder contraction, regulation of gastrointestinal motility, and induction of satiety .

Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal, 2009

1. - To measure the alveolar resorption processes that occur in patients wearing mandibular overd... more 1. - To measure the alveolar resorption processes that occur in patients wearing mandibular overdentures on 2 implants and fully-removable maxillary dentures, and to evaluate the same process on patients wearing fully-removable dentures on both arches. 2.- To verify whether Kelly's Combination Syndrome occurs in the group of patients wearing overdentures. Forty patients were evaluated, of which a "cases" group was formed by 25 patients wearing mandibular overdentures on 2 lower jaw implants and fully-removable dentures on the opposite arch. The other 15 patients formed a control group that wore fully-removable dentures on both arches. Each one of the patients underwent orthopantograms from the moment the dentures were inserted until an average of 6 years later, which were assessed based on the Xie et al. method to estimate vertical bone loss. Once the data was collected, it was subjected to statistical analysis. In terms of the maxillary midline, we observed a greater ...

Anales de Pediatría, 2010

Advances in perinatal care have resulted in increased survival rates for extremely low birth weig... more Advances in perinatal care have resulted in increased survival rates for extremely low birth weight children, but it is fundamental to know if these improved survival rates have been accompanied by increased impairment rates. To compare, over two different time periods, the survival and disability rates at 2 years of corrected age, among newborns < or =32 weeks and weighed < or = 1500 g at birth. Follow-up study that included 963 children born in the hospital between 1991 and 2004 who met the study criteria. Neonatal morbidity, mortality and disability to 2 years of corrected age in 2 time periods 1991-1998 (period I) and 1999-2004 (period II) have been evaluated and analysed by subgroups of weight (weight < 1000 g and 1000-1500 g). Mortality decreased significantly during the second period, both for children with birth weight <1000 g (32% vs 44%) as for those with birth weight between 1000 and 1500 g ( 3,6% vs 9%). Analysing all children < or = 1500 g, an increase in the survivors without disability was observed in the second period (69% vs 60%, p=0.003); but by subgroups this increase only was significant in children with birth weight 1000-1500 g (67% vs 82%). In our study, globally analysing all children with birth weight < or = 1500 g, it can be seen that there has been an increase in survival without an increase in the frequency of disabilities. Analysing by weight subgroups, survival has increased in both groups, but disability has decreased only in the birth weight 1000-1500 g subgroup.

por sus siglas en Inglés) (www.itgi.org) se estableció en 1998 para evolucionar el pensamiento y ... more por sus siglas en Inglés) (www.itgi.org) se estableció en 1998 para evolucionar el pensamiento y los estándares internacionales respecto a la dirección y control de la tecnología de información de una empresa. Un gobierno de TI efectivo, ayuda a garantizar que TI soporte las metas del negocio, optimice la inversión del negocio en TI, y administre de forma adecuada los riesgos y oportunidades asociados a la TI. El IT Governance Institute ofrece investigación original, recursos electrónicos y casos de estudio para ayudar a los líderes de las empresas y a sus consejos directivos en sus responsabilidades de Gobierno de TI.