Rosario Cerrato - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rosario Cerrato

Zero indicates lack of detectable antibodies or pathogen whereas 1 indicates presence of... more Zero indicates lack of detectable antibodies or pathogen whereas 1 indicates presence of antibodies against the specific pathogen. For Metastrongylus spp and M. bovis, 1 indicates presence of the pathogen in the corresponding samples. In bold, some specific combinations that appeared in more than 5% of studied boars.Observed frequencies for different pathogen assemblages (%) including Metastrongylus spp and Mycobacterium bovis infection and, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo), Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Swine influenza virus (SIV), and Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) antibodies positivity in 165 adult, yearling and juvenile males and females wild boar hunter-harvested in mid-western Spain.</p

Predictor weights represent the contribution of each pathogen infection to the PLSr'... more Predictor weights represent the contribution of each pathogen infection to the PLSr's × axis. Predictor weights explaining more than 10% of the total variance in each response variable are shown in bold type. The exposure to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), Haemophilus parasuis, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were excluded from this analysis since their prevalence in studied wild boar population was lower than 5% (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0110123#pone-0110123-t002" target="_blank">table 2</a>).Predictor weights of the Partial Least Squares regression (PLSr) model explaining the effects of presence of antibodies elicited by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), swine influenza virus (SIV), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and co-infection by Metastrongylus lung nematodes on bTB severity.</p

Brief description of main clinical signs and lesions produced by the respiratory pathoge... more Brief description of main clinical signs and lesions produced by the respiratory pathogens assessed. The type of assay carried out to diagnose them is also shown.</p

The study area is located in mid-western Spain where wild boar is the most important res... more The study area is located in mid-western Spain where wild boar is the most important reservoir of bovine tuberculosis.</p

Relationship between penicillin-binding protein patterns and -lactamases in clinical isolates of ... more Relationship between penicillin-binding protein patterns and -lactamases in clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis with different susceptibility to -lactam antibiotics

Veterinary Record, 2019

BackgroundWild boar is an important reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis, the ma... more BackgroundWild boar is an important reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis, the main causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). A proportion of tuberculosis (TB)-affected wild boars shed M tuberculosis by nasal route, favouring the maintenance of bTB in a multihost scenario. The aim of this work was to assess if M tuberculosis nasal excretion is influenced by factors commonly associated with high TB prevalence in wild boar.MethodsTB diagnosis and M tuberculosis isolation were carried out in 112 hunted wild boars from mid-western Spain. The association between the presence of M tuberculosis DNA in nasal secretions and explanatory factors was explored using partial least squares regression (PLSR) approaches.ResultsDNA from M tuberculosis was detected in 40.8 per cent nasal secretions of the TB-affected animals. Explanatory factors provided a first significant PLSR X’s component, explaining 25.70 per cent of the variability observed in M tuberculosis nasal shedding. T...

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2019

Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in important mammalian physiological mechanisms, such as CaP metabol... more Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in important mammalian physiological mechanisms, such as CaP metabolism, bone development and immunological response. VitD deficiencies are frequently detected in domestic animals and related to various health problems (e.g., rickets, bone deformation). However, knowledge about the status of VitD in wildlife species, such as the wild boar, is scarce. The aims of this work were to explore VitD status in wild boar populations from mid-western Spain and to elucidate the influence of daylight exposure and food supplementation in levels of VitD. Serum concentration of VitD (measured as 25-hydroxivitaminD) was assessed in 276 wild boar from 27 game estates located in mid-western Spain using a commercial ELISA kit. In 19 out of 27 estates, the staff supplied a specific VitD-enriched food (2,000 UI/ Kg) ad libitum throughout the year, while in the remaining estates (8), no food was supplied. Blood samples were extracted from hunted animals (198) between October and February of hunting seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, and from live wild boar (78) that were captured, sampled and released (March-September of 2017). The percentage of animals with VitD deficiency (<20 ng/ml), VitD insufficiency (20-30 ng/ ml) and VitD sufficiency (>30 ng/ml) was estimated, and the relationship of these levels to factors like sex, age and season was assessed using chi-square tests. Furthermore, associations between daylight exposure and supplemental food with VitD levels were explored using linear models. Of the studied wild boar population, 82.2% showed a VitD deficiency or insufficiency. VitD deficiencies were more frequent in animals sampled in winter and spring. Furthermore, levels of VitD positively correlated with daylight exposure and supplemental food intake. Ad libitum supplementation with VitD-enriched food was insufficient to prevent VitD deficiencies in wild boar from November to April, probably because food consumption is lower during this period.

Acta virologica, 2018

Wild boar is an important reservoir of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). There is concern that tran... more Wild boar is an important reservoir of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). There is concern that transmission of this virus from wild boar to domestic pigs is possible. The aim of this work was to compare the antibody response produced by single dose of a gE-deleted ADV vaccine in wild boar to revaccinated animals, to assess if simple single-dose vaccination plans should be examined as a possible control measure against ADV in wild boar. Twenty-five wild boar (ages ranging between 2.5 to 5 months) were included in this study and distributed in three different groups: a control group (n = 5), a single-dose group (10 animals vaccinated only with one dose (day 0)) and a revaccinated group [10 animals vaccinated (day 0) and revaccinated (day 28)]. Mean antibody titers against ADV were determined in three groups using an ELISA assay at three different time points [day 0 (pre-vaccination), 28 (post 1 st dose) and 56 (post 2 nd dose)]. At day 28, single-dose and revaccinated groups showed a significant increment of antibody titers whereas antibodies in the control group remained stable. At day 56, revaccinated animals did not show a significant increment and antibody titers were similar to those found in animals vaccinated with one dose. These results indicate that vaccination with one dose produces a similar early antibody response to revaccination and therefore, should be examined as a possible control measure against ADV in wild boar.

EcoHealth, Jun 9, 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) may be affected by coinfections with other pathogens,... more Tuberculosis (TB) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) may be affected by coinfections with other pathogens, such as porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Therefore, sanitary measures focused on controlling PCV2 could be useful in reducing the impact of TB in this wild suid. The aim of this study was to explore whether vaccination against PCV2 targeting young animals affects TB prevalence and TB severity in wild boar. The study was conducted on a game estate in mid-western Spain. Seventy animals of ages ranging from 4 to 8 months were captured, individually identified, vaccinated against PCV2 and released, forming a vaccinated group. Not-captured animals cohabiting with the vaccinated wild boar constituted the control group. Animals from both groups were hunted between 2013 and 2016 and a TB diagnosis based on pathological assessment and microbiological culture was made in all of them. The effect of PCV2 vaccination on TB prevalence and severity was explored using generalized lineal models. Wherea...

Research in Veterinary Science, 2016

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2016

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) causes significant losses to farming economies worldwide. A better unde... more Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) causes significant losses to farming economies worldwide. A better understanding on the epidemiology of this disease and the role that the different hosts develop in the maintenance and spread of bTB is vital to control this zoonotic disease. This study reports the spoligotype diversity and temporal evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) isolates obtained from Extremadura (southern Spain). Genotyping data of Mycobacterium bovis (n = 2102) and Mycobacterium caprae (n = 96) isolates from cattle and wildlife species, collected between 2008 and 2012, were used in this study. The isolates resulted clustered into 88 spoligotypes which varied largely in frequency and occurrence in the three hosts. The 20 most frequent patterns represented 91.99 % of the isolates, the spoligotype SB0121 being the clearly predominant and most widely dispersed geographically. The major variety of the spoligotype patterns (78 out of 88) was isolated from the cattle, in fact 50 (56.83 %) of the patterns were found only in this species. Within the spoligotypes shared between the cattle and wildlife species, 17 patterns (1747 isolates) were shared with wild boar and Iberian red deer, 10 patterns (308 isolates) were exclusively shared with wild boar, and only one pattern (two isolates) was shared exclusively with Iberian red deer. The significant number of spoligotypes shared between the three hosts (79.49 %) highlights the components of the multi-host system that allows the bTB maintenance in our study area. The greater percentage of isolates shared by the wild boar and cattle (93.50 %) supports the role of wild boar as main maintenance host for bTB in cattle. These results could be extrapolated to areas with a similar epidemiological scenario and could be helpful for other countries where wild reservoirs represent a handicap for the successful eradication of bTB from livestock.

Anaerobe, 1998

A microbiological study was made of 100 strains of Fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from hepati... more A microbiological study was made of 100 strains of Fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from hepatic abscesses in bovine and ovine herds. Differences between the biological activity and ribotypes within the two F. necrophorum subspecies were studied. Conventional methods identified 89 isolates as F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum and 11 as F. necrophorum subsp. Ž funduliforme. For ribotyping, 50 strains 35 F.n. subsp. necrophorum, 11 F.n.. subsp. funduliforme and 4 reference strains were digested with restriction Ž. endonucleases HindIII, EcoRI and BamHI and examined after hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled cDNA probe transcribed from a 16 and 23S rRNAs from Escherichia coli. The most discriminating restriction endonuclease enzymes for ribotyping were EcoRI and BamHI. The presence or Ž. Ž. absence of two distinct band of 5 kb EcoRI and 10.5 kb BamHI differentiated the two subspecies. This technique also revealed genetic differences between isolates which could be used in the epidemiological study of clinical processes caused by F. necrophorum.

Veterinary microbiology, Jan 26, 2004

A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) procedure was used to identify a specific 0.6 kb DNA fr... more A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) procedure was used to identify a specific 0.6 kb DNA fragment unique to Dermatophilus congolensis. This 0.6 kb fragment was evaluated as a specific DNA probe and used to design oligonucleotide primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The nucleotide sequences adjacent to this DNA fragment were determined by inverse PCR allowing the identification of a 4.1 kb sequence. Analysis of this revealed a complete open reading frame (ORF) with a high similarity to an alkaline ceramidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The molecular weight of the enzyme derived from the predicted amino acid sequence is 74,662 Da, its pI is 9.81. The predicted N-terminal sequence of the enzyme contains a signal sequence indicating that the enzyme is exported by the bacterium. Since ceramides have important protective and cell regulatory roles in the epidermis we suggest that this ceramidase may have a role in the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis. It is the ...

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2013

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widely distributed in the environment, particularly in wet... more Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widely distributed in the environment, particularly in wet soil, marshland, rivers or streams, but also are causative agents of a wide variety of infections in animals and humans. Little information is available regarding the NTM prevalence in wildlife and their effects or significance in the bovine tuberculosis (bTB) epidemiology and diagnosis. This research shows the most frequently NTM isolated in lymph nodes of wild boar (Sus scrofa) from southern Spain, relating the NTM presence with the individual characteristics, the management of animals and the possible misdiagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis in concurrent infections. A total of 219 NTM isolates were obtained from 1249 wild boar mandibular lymph nodes sampled between 2007 and 2011. All but 75 isolates were identified by the PCR-restriction analysis-hsp65, and a partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA was carried out to identify the rest of the isolates. Results showed that Mycobacterium chelonae was the most frequently isolated NTM specie (133 isolates, 60.7%), followed by Mycobacterium avium (24 isolates, 11%). No relation was found regarding sex, body condition and management, but M. chelonae was more frequently detected in adults, whereas M. avium was more prevalent in subadults. The high NTM prevalence observed in the studied wild boar populations could make difficult the bTB diagnostic.

Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2006

During the last 12 years, an increasing frequency in condemnation of hunted red deer and wild boa... more During the last 12 years, an increasing frequency in condemnation of hunted red deer and wild boar carcasses due to the presence of tubercle-like lesions has been observed in Extremadura (Western Spain). Before 1993, tuberculosis was a very rare finding in hunted animals. The current tuberculosis regional prevalence in cattle approaches 0.4% after years of expensive test and slaughter campaigns. It is imperative to investigate the epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infection in red dear and wild boar in order to keep a good health status and to maintain the effectiveness of domestic species TB eradication programs. The present paper evaluates the problem in Sierra de San Pedro, estimating the prevalence of TB in wild boar and red deer, the main wild artiodactyls in the area, and domestic cattle since 1992-2004, by the use of a low-cost surveillance method based on detailed pathological inspection of hunted animal carcasses. Microbiology and molecular epidemiology studies on several M. bovis isolates from domestic and wild animals helped to define the interspecies

Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2004

This study examines the role of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of Bacteroides fragilis in... more This study examines the role of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of Bacteroides fragilis in the mechanism of resistance to different â-lactam antibiotics. Six of the eight strains used were âlactamase-positive by the nitrocefin assay. These strains displayed reduced susceptibility to imipenem (MIC, 2-16 mg l À1) and some of them were resistant to the actions of ampicillin, cefuroxime, cephalexin, cefoxitin and piperacillin. When studying specific enzymic activity, the capacity to degrade cefuroxime was only detected in strains AK-4, R212 and 0423 and the capacity to degrade cephalexin was only detected in strains R212 and 2013E; no specific activity was detected on imipenem. Metallo-â-lactamase activity was only detected in strains AK-2 and 119, despite the fact that the cfiA gene was identified in four strains (AK-2, 2013E, 119 and 7160). The cepA gene was detected in six of the eight strains studied. Three high-molecular-mass PBPs were detected in all strains; however, in some cases, PBP2Bfr and/or PBP3Bfr appeared as a faint band. PBP4Bfr and PBP5Bfr were detected in six strains. PBP6Bfr only was detected in B. fragilis strains AK-2, 0423, 119 and 7160. By analysis of the sequence of B. fragilis chromosomal DNA and comparison with genes that are known to encode PBPs in Escherichia coli, six genes that encode PBP-like proteins were detected in the former organism. The gene that encodes the PBP2 orthologue of E. coli (pbpABfr, PBP3Bfr) was sequenced in six of the eight strains and its implications for resistance were examined. Differences in the PBP3Bfr amino acid sequences of strains AK-2 and 119 and their production of â-lactamases indicate that these differences are not involved in the mechanism of resistance to imipenem and/or cephalexin. Abbreviations: COG, cluster of orthologous groups of proteins; HMM, high-molecular-mass; IS, insertion element; LMM, low-molecular-mass; PBP, penicillin-binding protein. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for sequences of the pbpA gene (for PBP2) of Bacteroides fragilis strains NCTC 9344, AK-2, AK-4, R212, 119 and 7160 are respectively AJ544243, AJ544246, AJ575646, AJ575647, AJ544245 and AJ544244. Deduced amino acid sequences of the pbpABfr gene of strains used in this study are available as supplementary material in JMM Online.

FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2004

A partial amino acid sequence of a serine protease from Dermatophilus congolensis allowed the des... more A partial amino acid sequence of a serine protease from Dermatophilus congolensis allowed the design of oligonucleotide primers that were complemented with additional ones from previously published partial sequences of the gene encoding the enzyme. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using combinations of specific and degenerate oligonucleotide primers, allowed the amplification of a 1738-bp internal fragment of the gene, which was finally characterised by inverse PCR as the first full-length sequenced serine protease gene (nasp) from Dermatophilus congolensis. The deduced amino acid sequence of this enzyme, probably involved in the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis, links it to the subtilisin family of proteases.