Cesar Rosales - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Cesar Rosales
Biology
The last third of gestation is a period of high energy and protein demand for the dam to support ... more The last third of gestation is a period of high energy and protein demand for the dam to support fetal growth and the following onset of lactation. Methionine is an essential amino acid that contributes to protein formation, fetal development, and milk synthesis; thus, is likely to have positive effects on the weight and size of the newborn and, afterward, milk yield and milk composition, which may improve growth patterns of the progeny. To test these hypotheses, we used 60 pregnant multiparous Alpine goats with similar live weights and gestational ages (~Day 100 of pregnancy; Mean ± SD; 1410 ± 14 days old and 50.4 ± 6.6 kg) and were separated into two groups: control and supplemented with the delivery. Treatments were T-MET (n = 30; received 1% herbal methionine Optimethione® dry matter based on from Day 100 of the pregnancy to delivery) or T-CTL (n = 30; served as the control and did not receive methionine). The methionine powder provided individual supplementation and was adjuste...
Agro Productividad, 2021
Objective: To identify the factors that determine the use of artificial insemination by cattle pr... more Objective: To identify the factors that determine the use of artificial insemination by cattle producers in northern Sinaloa. Design/methodology/approach: We used a discrete-choice logit model for 200 cattle producers from northern Sinaloa. Results: Four variables were significant (p£0.05): two of them reduce the probability that the farmer will adopt the artificial insemination technology (age and distance from the ranch to the municipality), while the other two increase the probability of adoption (income from the sale of calves and machinery and equipment index). Limitations/implications: The results only apply to the sample from three municipalities in northern Sinaloa, although they may be useful for other regions with similar characteristics. Findings/conclusions: Farmers with a higher rate of machinery and equipment have a 36.43% probability of adoption.
Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios, 2019
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de harina de soya integral (HSI), grano de soya te... more El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de harina de soya integral (HSI), grano de soya termoprocesado (GST) y pasta de soya (PS) sobre parámetros productivos, balance de nitrógeno, y digestibilidad en borregas en crecimiento. Se utilizaron 27 corderas, con peso inicial de 30.4 ± 0.63 kg, asignadas aleatoriamente en tres grupos (HSI, GST y PS) con nueve animales cada uno. Los datos se analizaron con un diseño completam
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2021
Simple Summary The last third of gestation is a period of high energy demand for the dam, because... more Simple Summary The last third of gestation is a period of high energy demand for the dam, because she needs to support the growth of fetuses and the newborn. Moreover, towards the end of gestation, maternal feed intake is reduced as the mass of the fetoplacental unit increases. The maternal diet often cannot meet nutritional requirements, compromising thermoregulatory capacity, wellbeing, and viability, and the survival of the newborn. We have shown that energy supplementation of the mother during the last third of gestation does not affect progeny birth weight but enhances mother–young bonding. Abstract We tested whether maternal energy supplementation during the last third of gestation improves birth weight, neonatal wellbeing, and mother–young bonding. Thirty-six pregnant French Alpine goats were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments for the last third of pregnancy: (i) Control, fed alfalfa (T-0; n = 12); (ii) alfalfa + 150 g/head daily energy concentrate (T-150; ...
Scientific Reports, 2021
We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica,... more We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, with or without protein-enrichment, improved the metabolomic profile and reproductive outcomes of adult female sheep. Sixty Rambouillet ewes of similar body weight were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments that were fed during the breeding period (34 days): Control (Control; n = 20), Opuntia (Opuntia; n = 20) and protein-enriched Opuntia (E-Opuntia; n = 20). There were no effects of treatment on body weight but assessment of urine samples indicated that, for 76 metabolites, the Control and Opuntia groups differed completely (P
The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through p... more The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through puberty early and produce their first lamb at one year of age. The onset of puberty is linked to the attainment of critical body mass so we tested whether it would be influenced by genetic selection for growth rate or for rate of accumulation of muscle or fat. We studied 136 Merino ewe lambs with phenotypic values for depth of eye muscle (EMD) and fat (FAT) and Australian Sheep Breeding Values at post–weaning age (200 days) for live weight (PWT), eye muscle depth (PEMD) and fat depth (PFAT). First oestrus was detected with testosterone-treated wethers and then entire rams as the ewes progressed from 6–10 months of age. Blood concentrations of leptin and IGFI were measured to test whether they were related to production traits and reproductive performance (puberty, fertility, reproductive rate). Overall, 97% of the lambs reached first oestrus at average weight 39.4 ± 0.4 kg (mean ± SEM) an...
Para evaluar el efecto de la restriccion nutricional moderada sobre la actividad reproductiva en ... more Para evaluar el efecto de la restriccion nutricional moderada sobre la actividad reproductiva en cabras Criollas durante la estacion reproductiva, se realizo el presente estudio en el Campo Experimental San Luis, Mexico (22° 14' N), con 18 cabras, sometidas a dos niveles de alimentacion: 100 y 75 % de los requerimientos de mantenimiento (T-100 y T-75). El periodo experimental y el control de la alimentacion iniciaron el 5 de septiembre, determinando la presencia de estro y de ovulaciones en dos periodos de la estacion reproductiva: 26 de septiembre al 17 de octubre y 7 al 28 de noviembre. La presentacion de estro se determino con una hembra androgenizada, y de ovulaciones a partir de las concentraciones de progesterona en plasma. El peso inicial fue de 36.1±6.5 y 35.8±5.9 kg y la condicion corporal (CC) de 3.1±0.7 y 3.0±0.6 para T-100 y T-75, respectivamente. No se detectaron diferencias en los cambios de peso o CC (P>0.05). El porcentaje de cabras que mostraron estro y ovula...
Animals, 2021
In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that ewe lambs that are heavier and older at breeding wil... more In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that ewe lambs that are heavier and older at breeding will wean more offspring, due to increased reproductive rate and offspring survival and lower maternal mortality. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed data from more than 11,500 maternal composite ewe lambs collected over eight years. The ewe lambs had full pedigree records including birth type, age and liveweight at breeding plus records of the birthweight and survival of their offspring and the dam. The average liveweight and age at breeding was 40.2 kg and 228 days. The reproductive rate and weaning rate responses to liveweight at breeding were curvilinear (p < 0.001), and if ewe lambs achieved 45 kg by the start of breeding, their reproductive rate and weaning rate were within 5% of their maximum. By contrast, the effects of age at breeding on weaning rate was linear and increased by 0.4% per day, despite a quadratic (p < 0.01) effect of age at breeding on reproductive rate which ...
Journal of Arid Environments, 2021
Abstract We hypothesized that diet choice of mixed-breed goats on xerophytic shrubland of norther... more Abstract We hypothesized that diet choice of mixed-breed goats on xerophytic shrubland of northern Mexico depends on their milk yield potential. During winter and spring (dry season), milk yield was recorded and forage samples were collected weekly. Goats were separated into a medium (MP; n = 20) or low-milk yielding groups (LP; n = 20). Total milk yield for 105 d lactation was 45.2 ± 12.5 and 20.7 ± 5.2 L for MP and LP goats, respectively. Dam bodyweight was positively related to milk yield (P
Biology, 2021
We tested whether the milk yield capacity of mixed-breed goats on a Chihuahuan desert rangeland i... more We tested whether the milk yield capacity of mixed-breed goats on a Chihuahuan desert rangeland in northern Mexico during the dry season affects milk composition, body weight gain, and weaning weight of their progeny. Milk yield and composition, and progeny postnatal growth performance, were recorded weekly. One week after kidding, mixed-breed goats (a mixture of Criollo × dairy breeds; n = 40) were allotted into medium (MP) or low (LP) milk yielding groups (20 goats per group). Mean 105-d total milk yield for MP and LP goats was 45.2 ± 12.5 and 20.7 ± 5.2 L, respectively. Milk lactose (4.3 vs. 4.2%) and solids-non-fat (SNF; 8.2 vs. 8.0) differed (p < 0.05) between MP and LP goats; milk protein content tended to differ (p = 0.08) between MP and LP goats with no difference for milk fat content (p > 0.05). Maternal body weight was positively associated with milk yield, milk lactose, and SNF content (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Goats giving birth to males produce more milk than...
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales, 2020
Los sistemas silvopastoriles son importantes para la sustentabilidad ambiental y económica de los... more Los sistemas silvopastoriles son importantes para la sustentabilidad ambiental y económica de los productores que los utilizan. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la rentabilidad financiera y económica del sistema silvopastoril intensivo Leucaena leucocephala en asociación con pradera bermuda cruza dos (Cynodon dactylon), bajo riego en la producción de becerros de engorda en el sur de Sinaloa; a fin de contribuir con información a la sustentabilidad productiva, económica y ambiental en regiones tropicales. Mediante el seguimiento de información técnica y económica a una unidad de producción de 20 ha ubicadas en el sur de Sinaloa, durante 3 años se realizó una evaluación financiera y económica, en la que se consideró el pago por servicio ambiental de captura de carbono del sistema silvopastoril intensivo (SSPi). Se aplicó la metodología del análisis financiero, en el cual se estimaron los tres principales indicadores que se utilizan en la evaluación de proyectos...
Animals, 2020
The possible out-of-season effect of beta-carotene supplementation on ovulation rate (OR), antral... more The possible out-of-season effect of beta-carotene supplementation on ovulation rate (OR), antral follicles (AFN), and total ovarian activity (TOA = OR + AFN) as related to the LH release pattern in yearling anestrous goats was evaluated. In late April, Alpine-Saanen-Nubian x Criollo goats (n = 22, 26 N) were randomly allotted to: (1) Beta-carotene (BETA; n = 10, orally supplemented with 50 mg/goat/d; 36.4 ± 1.07 kg live weight (LW), 3.5 ± 0.20 units, body condition score (BCS) or (2) Non-supplemented (CONT; n = 12, 35.2 ± 1.07 kg LW, 3.4 ± 0.2 units BCS). Upon estrus synchronization, an intensive blood sampling (6 h × 15 min) was accomplished in May for LH quantifications; response variables included (pulsatility-PULSE, time to first pulse-TTFP, amplitude-AMPL, nadir-NAD and area under the curve-AUC). Thereafter, an ultrasonography scanning was completed to assess OR and AFN. The Munro algorithm was used to quantify LH pulsatility; if significant effects of time, treatment or inter...
Animals, 2020
The possible effect of glutamate supplementation upon ovarian reactivation and serum concentratio... more The possible effect of glutamate supplementation upon ovarian reactivation and serum concentrations of insulin (INS) and triiodothyronine (T3) in anestrous yearling goats was evaluated. Goats (n = 32, 12 mo., 26° North, 1117 m) with a similar live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) were blood sampled twice per week for two weeks (2 × 1 week × 2 weeks) to confirm the anestrus status (<1 ng P4/mL; RIA). Thereafter, goats were randomly assigned to either 1) Glutamate (GLUT; n = 16, LW = 27.1 ± 1.09 kg, 3.5 ± 0.18 units, IV-supplemented with 7 mg of glutamate kg−1 LW), or 2) Control (CONT; n = 16; LW = 29.2 ± 1.09 kg; BCS = 3.5 ± 0.18, IV saline). During the treatment period, 16 goats (eight/group) were blood sampled twice per week for six weeks. Such serum samples (2 × 1 week × 6 weeks) were quantified by their P4 content to evaluate the ovarian-luteal activity, whereas a sample subset (1 × 1 week × 6 weeks) was used to quantify their INS & T3 content to evaluate their metab...
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 2016
Para determinar la producción y la calidad del forraje de la mezcla de veza común con cebada, ave... more Para determinar la producción y la calidad del forraje de la mezcla de veza común con cebada, avena, y triticale en dos proporciones de semilla (65:35; 35:65) durante cuatro etapas fenológicas, se estableció un experimento en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial (3x4x4) con cuatro repeticiones. En mezclas de cultivos la mayor producción de materia seca (MS) la obtuvo la asociación avena-veza con 16.6 t ha-1 y en proporción de cultivos la avena-veza (65:35) produjo 19.9 t ha-1, durante la etapa grano masoso (P<0.001). La mayor cantidad de proteína cruda la obtuvieron las mezclas avena-veza (178 g kg-1 MS) y triticale-veza (161 g kg-1 MS) durante la etapa de embuche. Los menores valores de fibra detergente neutra los presentaron el monocultivo veza y su mezcla con avena (35:65), durante la etapa grano maduro (P<0.001). Las menores cantidades de fibra detergente ácida lo obtuvieron los monocultivos avena, veza y triticale durante la etapa grano lechoso (P&...
Small Ruminant Research, 2015
The aim of this study was to test if supplemental vitamin E during late gestation and early lacta... more The aim of this study was to test if supplemental vitamin E during late gestation and early lactation to ewes facing a moderate nutritional restriction and suckling lambs from different litter size and sex would affect colostrum composition and milk yield and composition. Mature Rambouillet ewes (n = 37, 22 • N) receiving 70% of energy and 80% of protein requirements were randomly assigned to either of two treatments: intramuscular injections of vitamin E (VitE; n = 20, 4 IU vitamin E kg −1 of live weight) in weekly intervals from 50 days before partition until 60 days of lactation, and control (CON; n = 17, without VitE treatment). While colostrum protein and fat concentrations did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05), lactose content favoured to the VitE-ewes (1.9% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.001). Colostrum protein concentration was affected by litter size favouring to twin lambs (14.3% vs. 17.3%, P < 0.05). In addition, litter size tended to affect lactose content, favouring to those ewes suckling twins (1.4% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.08). The average milk yield was 2039 g day −1 , without differences (P > 0.05) between treatments and litter size. The average milk concentrations of protein, lactose and solids-non-fat did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. Yet, milk fat content favour to the VitE-ewes (5.7% vs. 5.2%, P < 0.05). Milk concentrations of protein, fat, lactose and solids-non-fat were not affected (P > 0.05) by litter size. Non-significant treatment × litter size interactions (P > 0.05) were observed for milk yield, milk compositions of protein, fat and lactose and solids-non-fat. When the nutritional requirements are not met, treatment of vitamin E to ewes during late gestation and early lactation might be an strategy to improve the quality of both colostrum (>lactose) and milk (>fat).
Animal Reproduction Science, 2014
Animals, 2020
The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of... more The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of Opuntia (untreated or protein-enriched), as an alternative to alfalfa hay, would improve milk yield as well as the pre- and post-natal growth of their lambs. Sixty mature Rambouillet ewes and their progeny were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments: (i) Control, fed alfalfa; (ii) Opuntia, fed untreated cladodes; (iii) E-Opuntia, fed protein-enriched cladodes (pre-treated with urea and ammonium sulphate). Birth weight did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05) but Control ewes produced more milk than both groups of Opuntia-fed ewes (p < 0.05). However, milk yield was not related to the growth of the progeny (p > 0.05) because lambs from E-Opuntia-fed ewes grew faster (p < 0.01) and were heavier at weaning (p < 0.05) than lambs from the other two groups. We conclude that Opuntia (with or without protein enrichment) can be used as an alternative to alfalfa ha...
animal, 2013
The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through p... more The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through puberty early and produce their first lamb at 1 year of age. The onset of puberty is linked to the attainment of critical body mass, and therefore we tested whether it would be influenced by genetic selection for growth rate or for rate of accumulation of muscle or fat. We studied 136 Merino ewe lambs with phenotypic values for depth of eye muscle (EMD) and fat (FAT) and Australian Sheep Breeding Values at post-weaning age (200 days) for live weight (PWT), eye muscle depth (PEMD) and fat depth (PFAT). First oestrus was detected with testosterone-treated wethers and then entire rams as the ewes progressed from 6 to 10 months of age. Blood concentrations of leptin and IGF-I were measured to test whether they were related to production traits and reproductive performance (puberty, fertility and reproductive rate). In total, 97% of the lambs reached first oestrus at average weight 39.4 ± 0.4 ...
Biology
The last third of gestation is a period of high energy and protein demand for the dam to support ... more The last third of gestation is a period of high energy and protein demand for the dam to support fetal growth and the following onset of lactation. Methionine is an essential amino acid that contributes to protein formation, fetal development, and milk synthesis; thus, is likely to have positive effects on the weight and size of the newborn and, afterward, milk yield and milk composition, which may improve growth patterns of the progeny. To test these hypotheses, we used 60 pregnant multiparous Alpine goats with similar live weights and gestational ages (~Day 100 of pregnancy; Mean ± SD; 1410 ± 14 days old and 50.4 ± 6.6 kg) and were separated into two groups: control and supplemented with the delivery. Treatments were T-MET (n = 30; received 1% herbal methionine Optimethione® dry matter based on from Day 100 of the pregnancy to delivery) or T-CTL (n = 30; served as the control and did not receive methionine). The methionine powder provided individual supplementation and was adjuste...
Agro Productividad, 2021
Objective: To identify the factors that determine the use of artificial insemination by cattle pr... more Objective: To identify the factors that determine the use of artificial insemination by cattle producers in northern Sinaloa. Design/methodology/approach: We used a discrete-choice logit model for 200 cattle producers from northern Sinaloa. Results: Four variables were significant (p£0.05): two of them reduce the probability that the farmer will adopt the artificial insemination technology (age and distance from the ranch to the municipality), while the other two increase the probability of adoption (income from the sale of calves and machinery and equipment index). Limitations/implications: The results only apply to the sample from three municipalities in northern Sinaloa, although they may be useful for other regions with similar characteristics. Findings/conclusions: Farmers with a higher rate of machinery and equipment have a 36.43% probability of adoption.
Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios, 2019
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de harina de soya integral (HSI), grano de soya te... more El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de harina de soya integral (HSI), grano de soya termoprocesado (GST) y pasta de soya (PS) sobre parámetros productivos, balance de nitrógeno, y digestibilidad en borregas en crecimiento. Se utilizaron 27 corderas, con peso inicial de 30.4 ± 0.63 kg, asignadas aleatoriamente en tres grupos (HSI, GST y PS) con nueve animales cada uno. Los datos se analizaron con un diseño completam
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2021
Simple Summary The last third of gestation is a period of high energy demand for the dam, because... more Simple Summary The last third of gestation is a period of high energy demand for the dam, because she needs to support the growth of fetuses and the newborn. Moreover, towards the end of gestation, maternal feed intake is reduced as the mass of the fetoplacental unit increases. The maternal diet often cannot meet nutritional requirements, compromising thermoregulatory capacity, wellbeing, and viability, and the survival of the newborn. We have shown that energy supplementation of the mother during the last third of gestation does not affect progeny birth weight but enhances mother–young bonding. Abstract We tested whether maternal energy supplementation during the last third of gestation improves birth weight, neonatal wellbeing, and mother–young bonding. Thirty-six pregnant French Alpine goats were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments for the last third of pregnancy: (i) Control, fed alfalfa (T-0; n = 12); (ii) alfalfa + 150 g/head daily energy concentrate (T-150; ...
Scientific Reports, 2021
We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica,... more We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, with or without protein-enrichment, improved the metabolomic profile and reproductive outcomes of adult female sheep. Sixty Rambouillet ewes of similar body weight were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments that were fed during the breeding period (34 days): Control (Control; n = 20), Opuntia (Opuntia; n = 20) and protein-enriched Opuntia (E-Opuntia; n = 20). There were no effects of treatment on body weight but assessment of urine samples indicated that, for 76 metabolites, the Control and Opuntia groups differed completely (P
The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through p... more The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through puberty early and produce their first lamb at one year of age. The onset of puberty is linked to the attainment of critical body mass so we tested whether it would be influenced by genetic selection for growth rate or for rate of accumulation of muscle or fat. We studied 136 Merino ewe lambs with phenotypic values for depth of eye muscle (EMD) and fat (FAT) and Australian Sheep Breeding Values at post–weaning age (200 days) for live weight (PWT), eye muscle depth (PEMD) and fat depth (PFAT). First oestrus was detected with testosterone-treated wethers and then entire rams as the ewes progressed from 6–10 months of age. Blood concentrations of leptin and IGFI were measured to test whether they were related to production traits and reproductive performance (puberty, fertility, reproductive rate). Overall, 97% of the lambs reached first oestrus at average weight 39.4 ± 0.4 kg (mean ± SEM) an...
Para evaluar el efecto de la restriccion nutricional moderada sobre la actividad reproductiva en ... more Para evaluar el efecto de la restriccion nutricional moderada sobre la actividad reproductiva en cabras Criollas durante la estacion reproductiva, se realizo el presente estudio en el Campo Experimental San Luis, Mexico (22° 14' N), con 18 cabras, sometidas a dos niveles de alimentacion: 100 y 75 % de los requerimientos de mantenimiento (T-100 y T-75). El periodo experimental y el control de la alimentacion iniciaron el 5 de septiembre, determinando la presencia de estro y de ovulaciones en dos periodos de la estacion reproductiva: 26 de septiembre al 17 de octubre y 7 al 28 de noviembre. La presentacion de estro se determino con una hembra androgenizada, y de ovulaciones a partir de las concentraciones de progesterona en plasma. El peso inicial fue de 36.1±6.5 y 35.8±5.9 kg y la condicion corporal (CC) de 3.1±0.7 y 3.0±0.6 para T-100 y T-75, respectivamente. No se detectaron diferencias en los cambios de peso o CC (P>0.05). El porcentaje de cabras que mostraron estro y ovula...
Animals, 2021
In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that ewe lambs that are heavier and older at breeding wil... more In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that ewe lambs that are heavier and older at breeding will wean more offspring, due to increased reproductive rate and offspring survival and lower maternal mortality. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed data from more than 11,500 maternal composite ewe lambs collected over eight years. The ewe lambs had full pedigree records including birth type, age and liveweight at breeding plus records of the birthweight and survival of their offspring and the dam. The average liveweight and age at breeding was 40.2 kg and 228 days. The reproductive rate and weaning rate responses to liveweight at breeding were curvilinear (p < 0.001), and if ewe lambs achieved 45 kg by the start of breeding, their reproductive rate and weaning rate were within 5% of their maximum. By contrast, the effects of age at breeding on weaning rate was linear and increased by 0.4% per day, despite a quadratic (p < 0.01) effect of age at breeding on reproductive rate which ...
Journal of Arid Environments, 2021
Abstract We hypothesized that diet choice of mixed-breed goats on xerophytic shrubland of norther... more Abstract We hypothesized that diet choice of mixed-breed goats on xerophytic shrubland of northern Mexico depends on their milk yield potential. During winter and spring (dry season), milk yield was recorded and forage samples were collected weekly. Goats were separated into a medium (MP; n = 20) or low-milk yielding groups (LP; n = 20). Total milk yield for 105 d lactation was 45.2 ± 12.5 and 20.7 ± 5.2 L for MP and LP goats, respectively. Dam bodyweight was positively related to milk yield (P
Biology, 2021
We tested whether the milk yield capacity of mixed-breed goats on a Chihuahuan desert rangeland i... more We tested whether the milk yield capacity of mixed-breed goats on a Chihuahuan desert rangeland in northern Mexico during the dry season affects milk composition, body weight gain, and weaning weight of their progeny. Milk yield and composition, and progeny postnatal growth performance, were recorded weekly. One week after kidding, mixed-breed goats (a mixture of Criollo × dairy breeds; n = 40) were allotted into medium (MP) or low (LP) milk yielding groups (20 goats per group). Mean 105-d total milk yield for MP and LP goats was 45.2 ± 12.5 and 20.7 ± 5.2 L, respectively. Milk lactose (4.3 vs. 4.2%) and solids-non-fat (SNF; 8.2 vs. 8.0) differed (p < 0.05) between MP and LP goats; milk protein content tended to differ (p = 0.08) between MP and LP goats with no difference for milk fat content (p > 0.05). Maternal body weight was positively associated with milk yield, milk lactose, and SNF content (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Goats giving birth to males produce more milk than...
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales, 2020
Los sistemas silvopastoriles son importantes para la sustentabilidad ambiental y económica de los... more Los sistemas silvopastoriles son importantes para la sustentabilidad ambiental y económica de los productores que los utilizan. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la rentabilidad financiera y económica del sistema silvopastoril intensivo Leucaena leucocephala en asociación con pradera bermuda cruza dos (Cynodon dactylon), bajo riego en la producción de becerros de engorda en el sur de Sinaloa; a fin de contribuir con información a la sustentabilidad productiva, económica y ambiental en regiones tropicales. Mediante el seguimiento de información técnica y económica a una unidad de producción de 20 ha ubicadas en el sur de Sinaloa, durante 3 años se realizó una evaluación financiera y económica, en la que se consideró el pago por servicio ambiental de captura de carbono del sistema silvopastoril intensivo (SSPi). Se aplicó la metodología del análisis financiero, en el cual se estimaron los tres principales indicadores que se utilizan en la evaluación de proyectos...
Animals, 2020
The possible out-of-season effect of beta-carotene supplementation on ovulation rate (OR), antral... more The possible out-of-season effect of beta-carotene supplementation on ovulation rate (OR), antral follicles (AFN), and total ovarian activity (TOA = OR + AFN) as related to the LH release pattern in yearling anestrous goats was evaluated. In late April, Alpine-Saanen-Nubian x Criollo goats (n = 22, 26 N) were randomly allotted to: (1) Beta-carotene (BETA; n = 10, orally supplemented with 50 mg/goat/d; 36.4 ± 1.07 kg live weight (LW), 3.5 ± 0.20 units, body condition score (BCS) or (2) Non-supplemented (CONT; n = 12, 35.2 ± 1.07 kg LW, 3.4 ± 0.2 units BCS). Upon estrus synchronization, an intensive blood sampling (6 h × 15 min) was accomplished in May for LH quantifications; response variables included (pulsatility-PULSE, time to first pulse-TTFP, amplitude-AMPL, nadir-NAD and area under the curve-AUC). Thereafter, an ultrasonography scanning was completed to assess OR and AFN. The Munro algorithm was used to quantify LH pulsatility; if significant effects of time, treatment or inter...
Animals, 2020
The possible effect of glutamate supplementation upon ovarian reactivation and serum concentratio... more The possible effect of glutamate supplementation upon ovarian reactivation and serum concentrations of insulin (INS) and triiodothyronine (T3) in anestrous yearling goats was evaluated. Goats (n = 32, 12 mo., 26° North, 1117 m) with a similar live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) were blood sampled twice per week for two weeks (2 × 1 week × 2 weeks) to confirm the anestrus status (<1 ng P4/mL; RIA). Thereafter, goats were randomly assigned to either 1) Glutamate (GLUT; n = 16, LW = 27.1 ± 1.09 kg, 3.5 ± 0.18 units, IV-supplemented with 7 mg of glutamate kg−1 LW), or 2) Control (CONT; n = 16; LW = 29.2 ± 1.09 kg; BCS = 3.5 ± 0.18, IV saline). During the treatment period, 16 goats (eight/group) were blood sampled twice per week for six weeks. Such serum samples (2 × 1 week × 6 weeks) were quantified by their P4 content to evaluate the ovarian-luteal activity, whereas a sample subset (1 × 1 week × 6 weeks) was used to quantify their INS & T3 content to evaluate their metab...
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 2016
Para determinar la producción y la calidad del forraje de la mezcla de veza común con cebada, ave... more Para determinar la producción y la calidad del forraje de la mezcla de veza común con cebada, avena, y triticale en dos proporciones de semilla (65:35; 35:65) durante cuatro etapas fenológicas, se estableció un experimento en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial (3x4x4) con cuatro repeticiones. En mezclas de cultivos la mayor producción de materia seca (MS) la obtuvo la asociación avena-veza con 16.6 t ha-1 y en proporción de cultivos la avena-veza (65:35) produjo 19.9 t ha-1, durante la etapa grano masoso (P<0.001). La mayor cantidad de proteína cruda la obtuvieron las mezclas avena-veza (178 g kg-1 MS) y triticale-veza (161 g kg-1 MS) durante la etapa de embuche. Los menores valores de fibra detergente neutra los presentaron el monocultivo veza y su mezcla con avena (35:65), durante la etapa grano maduro (P<0.001). Las menores cantidades de fibra detergente ácida lo obtuvieron los monocultivos avena, veza y triticale durante la etapa grano lechoso (P&...
Small Ruminant Research, 2015
The aim of this study was to test if supplemental vitamin E during late gestation and early lacta... more The aim of this study was to test if supplemental vitamin E during late gestation and early lactation to ewes facing a moderate nutritional restriction and suckling lambs from different litter size and sex would affect colostrum composition and milk yield and composition. Mature Rambouillet ewes (n = 37, 22 • N) receiving 70% of energy and 80% of protein requirements were randomly assigned to either of two treatments: intramuscular injections of vitamin E (VitE; n = 20, 4 IU vitamin E kg −1 of live weight) in weekly intervals from 50 days before partition until 60 days of lactation, and control (CON; n = 17, without VitE treatment). While colostrum protein and fat concentrations did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05), lactose content favoured to the VitE-ewes (1.9% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.001). Colostrum protein concentration was affected by litter size favouring to twin lambs (14.3% vs. 17.3%, P < 0.05). In addition, litter size tended to affect lactose content, favouring to those ewes suckling twins (1.4% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.08). The average milk yield was 2039 g day −1 , without differences (P > 0.05) between treatments and litter size. The average milk concentrations of protein, lactose and solids-non-fat did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. Yet, milk fat content favour to the VitE-ewes (5.7% vs. 5.2%, P < 0.05). Milk concentrations of protein, fat, lactose and solids-non-fat were not affected (P > 0.05) by litter size. Non-significant treatment × litter size interactions (P > 0.05) were observed for milk yield, milk compositions of protein, fat and lactose and solids-non-fat. When the nutritional requirements are not met, treatment of vitamin E to ewes during late gestation and early lactation might be an strategy to improve the quality of both colostrum (>lactose) and milk (>fat).
Animal Reproduction Science, 2014
Animals, 2020
The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of... more The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of Opuntia (untreated or protein-enriched), as an alternative to alfalfa hay, would improve milk yield as well as the pre- and post-natal growth of their lambs. Sixty mature Rambouillet ewes and their progeny were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments: (i) Control, fed alfalfa; (ii) Opuntia, fed untreated cladodes; (iii) E-Opuntia, fed protein-enriched cladodes (pre-treated with urea and ammonium sulphate). Birth weight did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05) but Control ewes produced more milk than both groups of Opuntia-fed ewes (p < 0.05). However, milk yield was not related to the growth of the progeny (p > 0.05) because lambs from E-Opuntia-fed ewes grew faster (p < 0.01) and were heavier at weaning (p < 0.05) than lambs from the other two groups. We conclude that Opuntia (with or without protein enrichment) can be used as an alternative to alfalfa ha...
animal, 2013
The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through p... more The reproductive efficiency of the entire sheep flock could be improved if ewe lambs go through puberty early and produce their first lamb at 1 year of age. The onset of puberty is linked to the attainment of critical body mass, and therefore we tested whether it would be influenced by genetic selection for growth rate or for rate of accumulation of muscle or fat. We studied 136 Merino ewe lambs with phenotypic values for depth of eye muscle (EMD) and fat (FAT) and Australian Sheep Breeding Values at post-weaning age (200 days) for live weight (PWT), eye muscle depth (PEMD) and fat depth (PFAT). First oestrus was detected with testosterone-treated wethers and then entire rams as the ewes progressed from 6 to 10 months of age. Blood concentrations of leptin and IGF-I were measured to test whether they were related to production traits and reproductive performance (puberty, fertility and reproductive rate). In total, 97% of the lambs reached first oestrus at average weight 39.4 ± 0.4 ...