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ii © Chad P. Giblin 2013 i Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis and installation and ma... more ii © Chad P. Giblin 2013 i Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis and installation and maintenance of the related research is entirely a team effort. I owe a great many thanks to my advisor, Gary Johnson, and committee members, Jeff Gillman and Tony D'Amato. Gary has shown tireless support and patience in completion of this thesis over what can only be described as an unconventional time-frame! Gary never gives up. Jeff Gillman, also my supervisor, has been equally instrumental in my completion by providing both the support and network for both the actual research and extensive expertise in manuscript writing. Finally, Tony D'Amato has provided invaluable statistics recommendations and editorial support for this thesis and continues to be both a great mentor and sounding board for experimental design and statistical analysis. Without encouragement and support from these fine gentlemen I would have never started. Many staff members also helped in both the installation and maintenance of this research: David Hanson, Rebecca Koetter, Sean Peterson, and Brian Rodriques were all key-players in making this project a reality. Minnesota Tree Care Advisor volunteers were also instrumental in the massive effort of re-mulching -twice! The University of Minnesota Landcare Department kindly supplied the wood mulch for this project and continues to be a great research partner. Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Forestry Division and Saint Paul Parks & Recreation Forestry Unit continue to provide support for our project through research partnerships. Without their sponsorship the land that grew the trees described herein would likely be back in a corn-soybean rotation. A TREE Fund grant was used to purchase camera, control computer, and lights and studio equipment necessary to collect and analyze nearly all the data. Thanks to all the folks who make that program a reality. Lastly, I must thank all of the undergraduate students, who over the last seven years have contributed countless hours to this and similar projects. Ben Conti-Masanz, Liam ii McClannahan and Colleen Rice helped set up the wounding and initial mulch treatments in this study. Bridget Helwig spearheaded the development of ImageJ protocols and assisted in key training other staff in use of the software package. Davin Shokes and Emily Hanson were on the harvest crew and joined us on cold winter days to cut down otherwise perfectly good trees. Finally, my greatest thanks goes to Greg
Pot-bound Tilia cordata Mill. and Salix alba L. 'Niobe' were planted in a Waukegan silt loam soil... more Pot-bound Tilia cordata Mill. and Salix alba L. 'Niobe' were planted in a Waukegan silt loam soil in June 2003 at the University of Minnesota TRE nursery in St. Paul, Minnesota. Before planting, the root balls of the container-grown plants were mechanically disrupted using one of three standard root pruning practices recommended to correct circling roots: scoring (slicing), butterfly pruning, or teasing. Root balls on the controls were left undisturbed. The trees were harvested in October 2004. Roots growing beyond the original root ball were counted and measured for diameter growth to assess the effectiveness of the root pruning techniques in encouraging root growth outside of the original root ball. All root disruption treatments resulted in increased fibrous root growth, but no mechanical root disruption method was significantly better than root balls left undisturbed.
Hortscience, Jul 1, 2005
Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to ... more Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to supply germanium to fruit have been carried out since tests have confi rmed germanium's role as a medical substance. Supplying germanium to orchards by soil and foliar application was not effective because of loss from rainfall. Also, tree injection with germanium solution required the insertion of a tube to the tree xylem at each injection site. In order to increase germanium absorption by fruit, this study carried out the postharvest dipping of fruit into germanium solution. 'Niitaka' pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia ) fruit was treated with two types of germanium, GeO (inorganic type) and Ge-132 (organic type), in a concentration of 50 mg·L -1 just after harvest in early Oct. 2004. Flesh browning after peeling the fruit was delayed by germanium treatment, and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activities were lowered. Postharvest potentials were maintained at high levels for fruit fi rmness, physiological disorders, and decayed fruit during cold storage at 0 to 1 °C for 2 months. Antioxidant and some phenolic compounds were higher than those of control fruit.
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2016
ii © Chad P. Giblin 2013 i Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis and installation and ma... more ii © Chad P. Giblin 2013 i Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis and installation and maintenance of the related research is entirely a team effort. I owe a great many thanks to my advisor, Gary Johnson, and committee members, Jeff Gillman and Tony D'Amato. Gary has shown tireless support and patience in completion of this thesis over what can only be described as an unconventional time-frame! Gary never gives up. Jeff Gillman, also my supervisor, has been equally instrumental in my completion by providing both the support and network for both the actual research and extensive expertise in manuscript writing. Finally, Tony D'Amato has provided invaluable statistics recommendations and editorial support for this thesis and continues to be both a great mentor and sounding board for experimental design and statistical analysis. Without encouragement and support from these fine gentlemen I would have never started. Many staff members also helped in both the installation and maintenance of this research: David Hanson, Rebecca Koetter, Sean Peterson, and Brian Rodriques were all key-players in making this project a reality. Minnesota Tree Care Advisor volunteers were also instrumental in the massive effort of re-mulching -twice! The University of Minnesota Landcare Department kindly supplied the wood mulch for this project and continues to be a great research partner. Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board Forestry Division and Saint Paul Parks & Recreation Forestry Unit continue to provide support for our project through research partnerships. Without their sponsorship the land that grew the trees described herein would likely be back in a corn-soybean rotation. A TREE Fund grant was used to purchase camera, control computer, and lights and studio equipment necessary to collect and analyze nearly all the data. Thanks to all the folks who make that program a reality. Lastly, I must thank all of the undergraduate students, who over the last seven years have contributed countless hours to this and similar projects. Ben Conti-Masanz, Liam ii McClannahan and Colleen Rice helped set up the wounding and initial mulch treatments in this study. Bridget Helwig spearheaded the development of ImageJ protocols and assisted in key training other staff in use of the software package. Davin Shokes and Emily Hanson were on the harvest crew and joined us on cold winter days to cut down otherwise perfectly good trees. Finally, my greatest thanks goes to Greg
Pot-bound Tilia cordata Mill. and Salix alba L. 'Niobe' were planted in a Waukegan silt loam soil... more Pot-bound Tilia cordata Mill. and Salix alba L. 'Niobe' were planted in a Waukegan silt loam soil in June 2003 at the University of Minnesota TRE nursery in St. Paul, Minnesota. Before planting, the root balls of the container-grown plants were mechanically disrupted using one of three standard root pruning practices recommended to correct circling roots: scoring (slicing), butterfly pruning, or teasing. Root balls on the controls were left undisturbed. The trees were harvested in October 2004. Roots growing beyond the original root ball were counted and measured for diameter growth to assess the effectiveness of the root pruning techniques in encouraging root growth outside of the original root ball. All root disruption treatments resulted in increased fibrous root growth, but no mechanical root disruption method was significantly better than root balls left undisturbed.
Hortscience, Jul 1, 2005
Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to ... more Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to supply germanium to fruit have been carried out since tests have confi rmed germanium's role as a medical substance. Supplying germanium to orchards by soil and foliar application was not effective because of loss from rainfall. Also, tree injection with germanium solution required the insertion of a tube to the tree xylem at each injection site. In order to increase germanium absorption by fruit, this study carried out the postharvest dipping of fruit into germanium solution. 'Niitaka' pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia ) fruit was treated with two types of germanium, GeO (inorganic type) and Ge-132 (organic type), in a concentration of 50 mg·L -1 just after harvest in early Oct. 2004. Flesh browning after peeling the fruit was delayed by germanium treatment, and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activities were lowered. Postharvest potentials were maintained at high levels for fruit fi rmness, physiological disorders, and decayed fruit during cold storage at 0 to 1 °C for 2 months. Antioxidant and some phenolic compounds were higher than those of control fruit.
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2016