Chan Jie - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Chan Jie

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Corporate Reputation: A Study of Consumers’ Perspective of Malaysian Aviation Company

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

This study examined the predicting factors of selected facets of RepTrak™ reputation model (produ... more This study examined the predicting factors of selected facets of RepTrak™ reputation model (products/services, innovation, citizenship, leadership, performance) and corporate reputation of Malaysia Airlines Berhad, from consumers’ perspective. Utilizing the Fombrun’s (2006) RepTrakTM reputation model, this model served as a guide to the study. Survey questionnaires were used to gather the data, in which the researchers distributed the questionnaires online and in-person to the Malaysia Airlines consumers who had prior encounters with the airline company. A 173 valid responses were yielded as the results. The collected data was then analysed through Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. The findings of the Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis showed that the associations between product and services, innovation, citizenship, performance, and corporate reputation have a significantly positive moderate relationship. Meanwhile, the correlations between leadership and corporate reputation have a significantly positive high relationship. In addition, multiple regression analysis revealed that products/services, innovation, citizenship, leadership, and performance were the significant predicting variables, which explained 71.9 % of the variance of corporate reputation. Conclusion, limitations, suggestions, and implications of this study were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employee Engagement: A Study of Malaysian Private Higher Education Institution

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged tremendously as an important field of study. Ho... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged tremendously as an important field of study. However, the influence of internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) practices in education industry remain understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ICSR practices and employee engagement in a private university in Malaysia. A quantitative (survey) method was employed using purposive sampling in which 93 valid responses were generated. The data were then analyzed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression test through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Based on the findings, ICSR dimensions, namely training & education and working environment yielded positive and moderate relationships with employee engagement, whereas employment stability and employee empowerment generate positive and high relationships with employee engagement. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that employment stability and training & education were the significant two predictors that can help to increase the employee engagement. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employee Engagement in Higher Education Sector

Contemporary Management Research

The study aims to investigate the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (... more The study aims to investigate the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) practices and employee engagement through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The ICSR dimensions are comprised of employee empowerment, education and training, employment stability, as well as a working environment. This study is based on the social exchange theory to explore the relationship between the above factors and ICSR. In this study, purposive sampling was adopted. A quantitative (survey) method was employed, generating 93 valid responses. The data was then analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results revealed that ICSR practices, namely employee empowerment, and employment stability contributed positively to job satisfaction. However, training & education and working environment were found not significant to job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has a positive influence on employee engagement. The re...

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Corporate Reputation through Service Quality: A Study of Air Asia Customers Perspectives

Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies

Hospitality and tourism industries have become one of the pivotal industry that contribute to the... more Hospitality and tourism industries have become one of the pivotal industry that contribute to the growth of the nation's economy. However, less studies actually pay attention to the aviation industry where this industry has faced a lot of challenges and crisis in the past decade. Hence, this study aims to examine the predicting factors of service quality on corporate reputation of AirAsia in Malaysia. The study utilized SERVQUAL model to guide the study. A quantitative (survey) research design was employed wherein a total of 200 completed questionnaires was obtained from the Malaysian’s customers of AirAsia, through purposive sampling. Based on the correlation analysis, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance has a positive and moderate relationship with corporate reputation, while empathy has a positive and high relationship with corporate reputation. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that responsiveness, assurance, and empathy were the contributing f...

Research paper thumbnail of Cadbury Malaysia Porcine DNA Case: Lessons from Crisis Management and Cultural Perspectives

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)

Crises are inevitable and it can be happened at any point of the organization process. Thus, it i... more Crises are inevitable and it can be happened at any point of the organization process. Thus, it is worthwhile for the organization to identify the early plan of issue or potential risk occurring within organizations as it is not easy to win the reputation warfare. Thus, this paper aims to review the Cadbury Porcine DNA case that happened in Malaysia from the perspective of crisis management and cultural approaches. The discussion of the case surrounded on the chronology of the case, crisis communication and management strategies carried out by Cadbury and lessons learned from it. This has called upon the management, especially the public relations or corporate communication department to look into it to form a strategic solution to safeguard the organization’s reputation when the crisis strike.

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting Factors of Job Satisfaction through Organizational Culture: A Case of Malaysian Private Learning Institution

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, Sep 27, 2017

The paper attempts to explore the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among... more The paper attempts to explore the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among employees in one of the private learning institutions in Malaysia. The study utilized Organizational Culture Index (OCI) developed by Wallach (1983), which comprised of bureaucratic, innovative, and supportive cultures. Multistage sampling has been used to select the sample for the survey designed. Questionnaires were distributed to 118 employees, however, only 77 yielded valid responses. The data were then analyzed with the Pearson-Product Moment Correlation test and Multiple Regression tests using the enter method through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The findings of the study show that bureaucratic organizational culture has a positive and a moderate relationship with job satisfaction, while, innovative and supportive organizational cultures have positive and high relationships with job satisfaction. In addition, multiple regression analysis indicates that innovative and bureaucratic organizational cultures are the predictors that enhance job satisfaction among the employees in the current private learning institution. Hence, this had called upon the management of the particular learning institutions to foster on innovative and bureaucratic organizational cultures in order to enhance the employees' job satisfaction that will result in higher organization's productivity. Further study to replicate the research in various industries in Malaysia to explore more on the employees' job satisfaction is suggested. Future studies can also examine organizational culture with other variables such as leadership style, organizational commitment, and employee engagement in the Malaysian setting.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Retail Clothing Company

Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies

The study aims to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction ... more The study aims to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in a retail clothing company. The study utilized the SERVQUAL model to guide the study. Purposive sampling was applied in the study where quantitative (survey) method was employed with generating 140 valid responses. The data were then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results revealed that three (3) dimension of SERVQUAL (tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness) has a positive and significant relationship with customers. However, reliability and assurance yielded negative with customer satisfaction. In addition, out of the five determinants of SERVQUAL, assurance was found not significant to customer satisfaction. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Selected Facets of RepTrak™ Reputation Model on Carlsberg Malaysia as One of the Companies in Tobacco, Gambling, Alcohol and Pornography (TGAP) Industry

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Corporate reputation is an intangible asset that brings many benefits to organizations. Past empi... more Corporate reputation is an intangible asset that brings many benefits to organizations. Past empirical studies showed that specific facets of RepTrak™ model positively influenced the reputation. However, the relevance of applying the RepTrak™ model that focuses on the Tobacco, Gambling, Alcohol, and Pornography (TGAP) industry in developing economy is still under researched. Thus, this paper aims to examine the selected facets of the RepTrak™ model by incorporating the model to cases of Carlsberg Malaysia known as one of the TGAP companies in Malaysia. The selected facets understudied are products and services, innovation, workplace, citizenship, and governance. The reviews of the themes revealed that Carlsberg Malaysia is congruent with the selected facets based on the RepTrak™ model. Authors called upon the management, especially the corporate communication or public relations department of TGAP companies to focus on the facets that has been suggested and aligned with the corporate social responsibility to sustain their organizational reputation for long term benefits.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Reputation Through University Social Responsibility Practices in a Malaysian Private University: The Customer’s Perspective

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Social responsibility has emerged tremendously as an important field of study in the past decades... more Social responsibility has emerged tremendously as an important field of study in the past decades. Institutions today have realised the significance of being ethical in their operations in order to attract various stakeholders, especially the customers. However, majority of the past studies on social responsibility mainly focus on big corporations, while the influence of social responsibility practices in university remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to examine the predicting factors of University Social Responsibility (USR) practices and reputation from the students' viewpoint on one of the private higher educational institutions in Malaysia. A survey method was employed using multistage sampling. Questionnaires were distributed and generating 400 valid responses. The data were then analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression test (enter method) through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Based on the findings, all the seven USR dimension, namely operational responsibility, stakeholder's (student) responsibility, university-firm relationship, legal responsibility, environmental values, philanthropy responsibility, and community engagement yielded positive and moderate relationships with reputation. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that operational responsibility, university-firm relationship, legal responsibility, philanthropy responsibility, and community engagement were the significant predicting factors that can enhance reputation in the current context. Conclusion, limitations of the study, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employees’ Job Satisfaction in a Malaysian Banking Company

Jurnal Pengurusan

This study aims to examine the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR... more This study aims to examine the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and job satisfaction of employees in a Malaysian banking company. The study utilised Carroll's revised pyramid of global CSR and performance model with the selected CSR dimensions developed by Mohd Hasan (2013), consisting of the best global and local CSR practices. Multistage sampling, simple random sampling and convenient sampling was used. This study employed a quantitative (survey) method, wherein questionnaires were distributed to 342 bank staff (managerial and non-managerial), but only 174 valid responses were received. The data were analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation test and Multiple Regression test through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The findings of multiple regression analysis revealed that human rights, labour rights and compliance with certified international standards pertaining to ethical and legal aspects of internal CSR were significant predictors of job satisfaction in the current context. Conclusion, limitations, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices from the Employees’ Perspective: A Case of Malaysian Higher Education Institution

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

The current study investigates university as an entity of organisation to explore their corporate... more The current study investigates university as an entity of organisation to explore their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. The unit of analysis in this study focused on employees in one of the research universities in Malaysia, namely Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The purpose of this study is to identify the level of employees’ understanding on CSR practices as well as their perception on selected elements of CSR that prominently practised in university. A quantitative (survey) method and multistage sampling were employed in this study, whereby questionnaires were distributed to 464 UPM staff (academic and non-academic), with only 285 valid respondents. The respondents were selected from Social Science cluster faculties and Science cluster faculties. This study focuses primarily on descriptive statistics. The findings show that respondents have a high level of understanding about CSR and the three (3) specific dimensions, namely human rights, community driven, and labour rights have shown to be the CSR practices that perceived prominent by the UPM staff. Further study to replicate the research in different university context (public or private) in Malaysian to explore more on CSR practices by respective universities was suggested. Future studies also recommended that relationships between CSR, job satisfaction, and corporate reputation need to be carried out in order to see the link between those variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Employees’ Job Satisfaction Through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Practices in Malaysian Banking Company

Advanced Science Letters

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of corporate social ... more The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and job satisfaction of employees in one of the banking companies in Malaysia. The study utilised CSR dimensions based on Carroll’s (2004) revised pyramid of global CSR and performance model and the elements that developed by Mohd Hasan (2013) based on extensive reviews of global and local CSR best practice standards. A survey method was employed using multistage sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to 353 bank staff (managerial and non-managerial), generating 174 valid responses. The data were then analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression tests using the stepwise method through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Based on the findings, financial necessity under the economic dimension, compliance with certified international standards under legal dimension, and community driven under philanthropy dimension yielded positive and moderate relationships with job satisfaction. However, environmental stewardship and social reporting categorised within the ethical CSR dimension have a positive but weak correlation with job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis showed only community driven from the philanthropy dimension and compliance with certified international standards from the legal dimension were the significant predicting factors for job satisfaction in the current context. Conclusion, limitations of the study, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Corporate Reputation: A Study of Consumers’ Perspective of Malaysian Aviation Company

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

This study examined the predicting factors of selected facets of RepTrak™ reputation model (produ... more This study examined the predicting factors of selected facets of RepTrak™ reputation model (products/services, innovation, citizenship, leadership, performance) and corporate reputation of Malaysia Airlines Berhad, from consumers’ perspective. Utilizing the Fombrun’s (2006) RepTrakTM reputation model, this model served as a guide to the study. Survey questionnaires were used to gather the data, in which the researchers distributed the questionnaires online and in-person to the Malaysia Airlines consumers who had prior encounters with the airline company. A 173 valid responses were yielded as the results. The collected data was then analysed through Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. The findings of the Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis showed that the associations between product and services, innovation, citizenship, performance, and corporate reputation have a significantly positive moderate relationship. Meanwhile, the correlations between leadership and corporate reputation have a significantly positive high relationship. In addition, multiple regression analysis revealed that products/services, innovation, citizenship, leadership, and performance were the significant predicting variables, which explained 71.9 % of the variance of corporate reputation. Conclusion, limitations, suggestions, and implications of this study were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employee Engagement: A Study of Malaysian Private Higher Education Institution

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged tremendously as an important field of study. Ho... more Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged tremendously as an important field of study. However, the influence of internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) practices in education industry remain understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ICSR practices and employee engagement in a private university in Malaysia. A quantitative (survey) method was employed using purposive sampling in which 93 valid responses were generated. The data were then analyzed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression test through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Based on the findings, ICSR dimensions, namely training & education and working environment yielded positive and moderate relationships with employee engagement, whereas employment stability and employee empowerment generate positive and high relationships with employee engagement. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that employment stability and training & education were the significant two predictors that can help to increase the employee engagement. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employee Engagement in Higher Education Sector

Contemporary Management Research

The study aims to investigate the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (... more The study aims to investigate the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) practices and employee engagement through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The ICSR dimensions are comprised of employee empowerment, education and training, employment stability, as well as a working environment. This study is based on the social exchange theory to explore the relationship between the above factors and ICSR. In this study, purposive sampling was adopted. A quantitative (survey) method was employed, generating 93 valid responses. The data was then analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results revealed that ICSR practices, namely employee empowerment, and employment stability contributed positively to job satisfaction. However, training & education and working environment were found not significant to job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has a positive influence on employee engagement. The re...

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Corporate Reputation through Service Quality: A Study of Air Asia Customers Perspectives

Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies

Hospitality and tourism industries have become one of the pivotal industry that contribute to the... more Hospitality and tourism industries have become one of the pivotal industry that contribute to the growth of the nation's economy. However, less studies actually pay attention to the aviation industry where this industry has faced a lot of challenges and crisis in the past decade. Hence, this study aims to examine the predicting factors of service quality on corporate reputation of AirAsia in Malaysia. The study utilized SERVQUAL model to guide the study. A quantitative (survey) research design was employed wherein a total of 200 completed questionnaires was obtained from the Malaysian’s customers of AirAsia, through purposive sampling. Based on the correlation analysis, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance has a positive and moderate relationship with corporate reputation, while empathy has a positive and high relationship with corporate reputation. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that responsiveness, assurance, and empathy were the contributing f...

Research paper thumbnail of Cadbury Malaysia Porcine DNA Case: Lessons from Crisis Management and Cultural Perspectives

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)

Crises are inevitable and it can be happened at any point of the organization process. Thus, it i... more Crises are inevitable and it can be happened at any point of the organization process. Thus, it is worthwhile for the organization to identify the early plan of issue or potential risk occurring within organizations as it is not easy to win the reputation warfare. Thus, this paper aims to review the Cadbury Porcine DNA case that happened in Malaysia from the perspective of crisis management and cultural approaches. The discussion of the case surrounded on the chronology of the case, crisis communication and management strategies carried out by Cadbury and lessons learned from it. This has called upon the management, especially the public relations or corporate communication department to look into it to form a strategic solution to safeguard the organization’s reputation when the crisis strike.

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting Factors of Job Satisfaction through Organizational Culture: A Case of Malaysian Private Learning Institution

Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, Sep 27, 2017

The paper attempts to explore the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among... more The paper attempts to explore the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among employees in one of the private learning institutions in Malaysia. The study utilized Organizational Culture Index (OCI) developed by Wallach (1983), which comprised of bureaucratic, innovative, and supportive cultures. Multistage sampling has been used to select the sample for the survey designed. Questionnaires were distributed to 118 employees, however, only 77 yielded valid responses. The data were then analyzed with the Pearson-Product Moment Correlation test and Multiple Regression tests using the enter method through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The findings of the study show that bureaucratic organizational culture has a positive and a moderate relationship with job satisfaction, while, innovative and supportive organizational cultures have positive and high relationships with job satisfaction. In addition, multiple regression analysis indicates that innovative and bureaucratic organizational cultures are the predictors that enhance job satisfaction among the employees in the current private learning institution. Hence, this had called upon the management of the particular learning institutions to foster on innovative and bureaucratic organizational cultures in order to enhance the employees' job satisfaction that will result in higher organization's productivity. Further study to replicate the research in various industries in Malaysia to explore more on the employees' job satisfaction is suggested. Future studies can also examine organizational culture with other variables such as leadership style, organizational commitment, and employee engagement in the Malaysian setting.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Retail Clothing Company

Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies

The study aims to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction ... more The study aims to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in a retail clothing company. The study utilized the SERVQUAL model to guide the study. Purposive sampling was applied in the study where quantitative (survey) method was employed with generating 140 valid responses. The data were then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results revealed that three (3) dimension of SERVQUAL (tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness) has a positive and significant relationship with customers. However, reliability and assurance yielded negative with customer satisfaction. In addition, out of the five determinants of SERVQUAL, assurance was found not significant to customer satisfaction. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Selected Facets of RepTrak™ Reputation Model on Carlsberg Malaysia as One of the Companies in Tobacco, Gambling, Alcohol and Pornography (TGAP) Industry

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Corporate reputation is an intangible asset that brings many benefits to organizations. Past empi... more Corporate reputation is an intangible asset that brings many benefits to organizations. Past empirical studies showed that specific facets of RepTrak™ model positively influenced the reputation. However, the relevance of applying the RepTrak™ model that focuses on the Tobacco, Gambling, Alcohol, and Pornography (TGAP) industry in developing economy is still under researched. Thus, this paper aims to examine the selected facets of the RepTrak™ model by incorporating the model to cases of Carlsberg Malaysia known as one of the TGAP companies in Malaysia. The selected facets understudied are products and services, innovation, workplace, citizenship, and governance. The reviews of the themes revealed that Carlsberg Malaysia is congruent with the selected facets based on the RepTrak™ model. Authors called upon the management, especially the corporate communication or public relations department of TGAP companies to focus on the facets that has been suggested and aligned with the corporate social responsibility to sustain their organizational reputation for long term benefits.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Reputation Through University Social Responsibility Practices in a Malaysian Private University: The Customer’s Perspective

Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication

Social responsibility has emerged tremendously as an important field of study in the past decades... more Social responsibility has emerged tremendously as an important field of study in the past decades. Institutions today have realised the significance of being ethical in their operations in order to attract various stakeholders, especially the customers. However, majority of the past studies on social responsibility mainly focus on big corporations, while the influence of social responsibility practices in university remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to examine the predicting factors of University Social Responsibility (USR) practices and reputation from the students' viewpoint on one of the private higher educational institutions in Malaysia. A survey method was employed using multistage sampling. Questionnaires were distributed and generating 400 valid responses. The data were then analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression test (enter method) through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Based on the findings, all the seven USR dimension, namely operational responsibility, stakeholder's (student) responsibility, university-firm relationship, legal responsibility, environmental values, philanthropy responsibility, and community engagement yielded positive and moderate relationships with reputation. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that operational responsibility, university-firm relationship, legal responsibility, philanthropy responsibility, and community engagement were the significant predicting factors that can enhance reputation in the current context. Conclusion, limitations of the study, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employees’ Job Satisfaction in a Malaysian Banking Company

Jurnal Pengurusan

This study aims to examine the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR... more This study aims to examine the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and job satisfaction of employees in a Malaysian banking company. The study utilised Carroll's revised pyramid of global CSR and performance model with the selected CSR dimensions developed by Mohd Hasan (2013), consisting of the best global and local CSR practices. Multistage sampling, simple random sampling and convenient sampling was used. This study employed a quantitative (survey) method, wherein questionnaires were distributed to 342 bank staff (managerial and non-managerial), but only 174 valid responses were received. The data were analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation test and Multiple Regression test through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The findings of multiple regression analysis revealed that human rights, labour rights and compliance with certified international standards pertaining to ethical and legal aspects of internal CSR were significant predictors of job satisfaction in the current context. Conclusion, limitations, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices from the Employees’ Perspective: A Case of Malaysian Higher Education Institution

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

The current study investigates university as an entity of organisation to explore their corporate... more The current study investigates university as an entity of organisation to explore their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. The unit of analysis in this study focused on employees in one of the research universities in Malaysia, namely Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The purpose of this study is to identify the level of employees’ understanding on CSR practices as well as their perception on selected elements of CSR that prominently practised in university. A quantitative (survey) method and multistage sampling were employed in this study, whereby questionnaires were distributed to 464 UPM staff (academic and non-academic), with only 285 valid respondents. The respondents were selected from Social Science cluster faculties and Science cluster faculties. This study focuses primarily on descriptive statistics. The findings show that respondents have a high level of understanding about CSR and the three (3) specific dimensions, namely human rights, community driven, and labour rights have shown to be the CSR practices that perceived prominent by the UPM staff. Further study to replicate the research in different university context (public or private) in Malaysian to explore more on CSR practices by respective universities was suggested. Future studies also recommended that relationships between CSR, job satisfaction, and corporate reputation need to be carried out in order to see the link between those variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Employees’ Job Satisfaction Through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Practices in Malaysian Banking Company

Advanced Science Letters

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of corporate social ... more The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and job satisfaction of employees in one of the banking companies in Malaysia. The study utilised CSR dimensions based on Carroll’s (2004) revised pyramid of global CSR and performance model and the elements that developed by Mohd Hasan (2013) based on extensive reviews of global and local CSR best practice standards. A survey method was employed using multistage sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to 353 bank staff (managerial and non-managerial), generating 174 valid responses. The data were then analysed using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression tests using the stepwise method through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Based on the findings, financial necessity under the economic dimension, compliance with certified international standards under legal dimension, and community driven under philanthropy dimension yielded positive and moderate relationships with job satisfaction. However, environmental stewardship and social reporting categorised within the ethical CSR dimension have a positive but weak correlation with job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis showed only community driven from the philanthropy dimension and compliance with certified international standards from the legal dimension were the significant predicting factors for job satisfaction in the current context. Conclusion, limitations of the study, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.