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Papers by Chandan K Pradhan

Journal of human ergology, 1993

The skin temperature is fundamental to heat exchange between the human body and the environment. ... more The skin temperature is fundamental to heat exchange between the human body and the environment. The convective and evaporative heat exchanges depend on the temperature gradient and the extent of air flow over the skin surface. An attempt was made to study the topographical differences in skin temperature (Tsk) under varied levels of air flow and to examine the possible body temperature regulatory mechanism. Five volunteers were examined in a climatic chamber at 30 and 36 degrees C DB at 55-60% RH (ambient vapour pressure of 2.58 and 3.53 kPa and air flow of 0.6, 1.4, 1.9, 2.1 m/s). The deep body temperature (Tc) and local Tsk were recorded at 5-min intervals during 10 min pre-exposure, 30 min exposure to heat and 15 min recovery period after air flow was withdrawn. The time taken to attain at the lowest Tsk in different air speeds varied from 30 to 45 min. The highest drop in Tsk (2.4 degrees C) was recorded for forehead at 30 degrees C DB and significant skin cooling was achieved ...

International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, 2018

Bus driving is a paradigm of highly strenuous occupation, with high risks of physical and mental ... more Bus driving is a paradigm of highly strenuous occupation, with high risks of physical and mental ill-health. The drivers must respond to various unforeseen demands over which they have petite control. In driving time they are exposed to different types of hazards but there is dearth of data. This study was aimed at evaluating the general health status of the bus drivers, their demographic profile and morbidity pattern. Bus drivers (n= 254) were randomly taken from different bus depot and divided into two groups according to years of experience. Different type of physical, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. Detailed job profile of bus drivers was also analyzed with the help of questionnaire. Jaundice, skin diseases, malaria were most prevalent among the two groups of bus drivers due to unhealthy and unhygienic environmental condition at workplaces. It was also observed that most of the bus drivers of two groups had one or multiple addictions and they take it in regular basis. They were compelled to work in different types of strenuous work, which may negatively affect their work capacity along with their physiological and psychological behavior also.

Journal of human ergology, 2010

In India, about 0.86 million people is engaged in pulling cycle rickshaws as occupation. There is... more In India, about 0.86 million people is engaged in pulling cycle rickshaws as occupation. There is no anthropometric data of cycle rickshaw pullers although data is available for Indian population. The objective of the study was to collect anthropometric data of the cycle rickshaw pullers so that these could be utilized for redesigning a cycle rickshaw. Anthropometric data for 34 body measurements were recorded from 880 rickshaw pullers (age 18 to 66 years) of four different places in India. The mean values of different standing heights, different lengths and breadths of cycle rickshaw pullers were significantly lower compared with Indian population. However, there was no significant difference in erect sitting height. The outcome of the research project is beneficial for the manufacturers of cycle rickshaws and similar products well as users of such products, including rickshaw pullers. The manufacturers would be able to use the data for fabricating newer models of cycle rickshaws w...

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2012

Background: Cycle Rickshaw is a human-powered transportation device. A large number of people rem... more Background: Cycle Rickshaw is a human-powered transportation device. A large number of people remain engaged in the occupation of pulling cycle rickshaw. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess nutritional status of the cycle rickshaw pullers and their workload by working heart rate and energy expenditure. Methods and Materials: Eighteen rickshaw pullers and eleven control subjects were selected after clinical examination. Subjects were asked to pull the rickshaw in two phases - phase 1 (before lunch) and phase 2 (after lunch) each of 3 cycles of 15 min duration each followed by 15 min rest with two passengers. Heart rate was recorded continuously using a heart rate monitor. Average working heart rate (AWHR), peak working heart rate (PWHR) and energy expenditure (EE) were calculated. Maximal heart rate (HRmax) was also recorded in the laboratory. The control subjects were allowed to work in a cycle ergometer in the laboratory. Results: There was no significant differe...

Industrial Health, 2007

There are many rice mills and food grain depots where a large number of workers are engaged for p... more There are many rice mills and food grain depots where a large number of workers are engaged for processing paddy and rice, storage and distribution. Lifting, carrying and depositing sacs of food grain are the major jobs carried out by these workers. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the workers with respect to their nutritional status, workload, energy expenditure and musculoskeletal pain or discomfort resulting out of work practice. Average peak heart rate of the depot and rice mill workers suggested the workload as moderate to very heavy. Their average energy expenditure values also indicated the workload as moderate to heavy. Subjective assessment of the workers showed the workload as heavy for 60.7% depot workers and 23.1% rice mill workers. Musculoskeletal pain or discomfort was maximally reported in knee by 59% depot workers whereas low back and knee was reported by 61.5% rice mill workers. Besides the weight of the sac, awkward postures like bending and twisting of trunk adopted frequently causes the problem. Further studies and rationalization of work method may improve the health and safety of the workers.

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH, 1991

The effects of noise and heat on the efficiency of human performance of observed on the performan... more The effects of noise and heat on the efficiency of human performance of observed on the performance of tweezer dexterity.

Ergonomics, 2008