Rufus Chaney - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Rufus Chaney
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2019
Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 1989
SUMMARY Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Fe3+-chelate concentration and chemi... more SUMMARY Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Fe3+-chelate concentration and chemical properties on the rate of reduction by roots of Fe-deficient peanut plants (Arachis hypogea L. cv. Florigiant). Reduction studies with the Fe3+-chelates of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetate (HEDTA), N,N-ethylenediaminediacetate, and diethylenetriamine-pentaacetate (DTPA) each showed saturation kinetics characteristic of active processes by plants. Km values varied from 23 to 85 μM, and Vmax from 0·55 to 5·5 μmol h–1 (g fresh roots)–1. Vmax values declined as the Fe3+-chelate formation constant increased. The removal of plant shoots reduced initial (< 6 h) reduction rates by 22%. The Km′ for Fe3+-chelates was much higher than Fe3+-chelate concentrations in soil solutions of problem calcareous soils.
Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1978
... Full Text Annual Review of Plant Physiology Vol. 29: 511-566 (Volume publication date June 19... more ... Full Text Annual Review of Plant Physiology Vol. 29: 511-566 (Volume publication date June 1978) (doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.29.060178.002455) The Physiology of Metal Toxicity in Plants.CD Foy, RL Chaney, and MC White. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 1978. ...
Soils for Management of Organic Wastes and Waste Waters, 2015
Toxicology, 1994
The primary purpose of this study was to generate data that could be used to determine the absolu... more The primary purpose of this study was to generate data that could be used to determine the absolute bioavailability of lead using data from a previous study in which soil containing lead from mining waste was mixed with feed. Young male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (7-8 weeks of age, five/sex/group) were given either soluble lead acetate mixed in a purified diet (AIN-76) at three different dose levels (1, 25, and 250 ppm Pb for 30 consecutive days) or intravenously at doses of 0.02, 0.20, and 2.0 mg Pb/kg BW for 29 days. A control group (purified diet only) was also included. The intravenous groups were used to provide maximal absorption (lead presumed to be 100% bioavailable) and accumulation data for lead in blood, bone, and liver. The lead acetate groups were used to evaluate the comparability of the present study with a previous study that compared bioavailable lead from ingested soil and lead acetate. Group mean whole blood, bone and liver lead concentration values increased with increasing dose levels for all treatment groups. A linear relationship was observed between blood lead concentration and dose following intravenous administration of lead and this provided empirical support for using blood lead concentrations at supposed steady state (approximately 30 days) to compute the bioavailability of lead administered by different routes and from different sources. The absolute bioavailability values of mining waste lead in soil were low based on the results for all tissue types. Absolute bioavailability values for lead acetate in dosed feed for blood, bone, and liver were approximately 6-, 19-, and 20-fold greater, respectively, than mining waste lead. Based on the current design and test system used, the absolute bioavailability of mining waste lead in soil administered in feed was approximately 3% based on blood data and less than 1% based on bone and liver data. These data are consistent with the low solubility of the constituent lead mineral phases in Butte soils.
Experiments involving biological accumulation of metal contaminants are summarized in the article... more Experiments involving biological accumulation of metal contaminants are summarized in the article. The focus is on identification of hyperaccumulating plant species for cadmium and zinc. Two of the studies examined Thlaspi caerulescens (alpine pennycress) as a bioadsorbent; the third study compared different species of Thlaspi. The T. caerulescens accumulated both metals, but with low yields. Other plant species were identified which adsorbed cadmium or zinc, but not both metals.
Land Application of Agricultural, Industrial, and Municipal By-Products, 2000
... objectives. Authors Brown, S.; Chaney, RL Editors Power, JF;Dick, WA;Kashmanian, RM;Sims, JT;... more ... objectives. Authors Brown, S.; Chaney, RL Editors Power, JF;Dick, WA;Kashmanian, RM;Sims, JT;Wright, RJ;Dawson, MD;Bezdicek, D. Book Land application of agricultural, industrial, and municipal by-products 2000 pp. 343 ...
Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water, 1999
One type of harsh environment for plants is metal- and metalloid-contaminated or mineralized soil... more One type of harsh environment for plants is metal- and metalloid-contaminated or mineralized soils: these exists in most countries due to geological formation or to a history of mining and/or smelting. Depending on soil pH and fertility, metal-rich soils may be barren and eroding into wider areas. Some elements present risk to humans, wildlife, livestock, plants, or soil organism and require remediation. The engineering approach of removing the contaminated soil is extremely expensive. Thus, alternative methods for in situ remediation of element-rich soils have been developed by the agricultural sciences. These methods include phytoextraction (growing plants which accumulate enough concentrations of an element in shoots for removal from the field) and phytostabilization (adding soil amendments which convert soil elements into forms with much lower phytoavailability and bioavailability so they no longer pose a risk to the environment). Phytomining is a variant of phytoextraction in w...
Trace Elements in Soils, 2010
Toxicological Sciences, 1993
This study determined the extent of arsenic (As) absorption from soil from Anaconda, Montana. Pre... more This study determined the extent of arsenic (As) absorption from soil from Anaconda, Montana. Prepubescent male and female SPF New Zealand White rabbits (5/sex/group) were given a single oral (capsule) administration of soil (3900 ppm As) at three different dose levels (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 g of soil/kg, corresponding to 0.78, 1.95, and 3.9 mg As/kg, respectively). Standard groups included untreated controls, an intravenous sodium arsenate group (1.95 mg As/kg), and a gavage sodium arsenate group (1.95 mg As/kg). Urine, cage rinse, and feces were collected at 24-hr intervals for 5 days and were analyzed for total As concentration. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption for treated animals were similar to controls. Maximum As concentrations were obtained over the initial 24-hr collection interval. A dose-dependent delay in urinary As excretion, the major elimination pathway, was observed in the oral soil group compared to that in the gavage group. For the animals in the soil groups, approximately 80% of the administered As dose was eliminated in the feces compared to approximately 10 and 50% for the intravenous and oral gavage groups, respectively. The relative oral bioavailabilities (+/- SD) of As in the gavage and test soil groups based on comparison with excreta data from the intravenous group were approximately 50 +/- 5.7 and 24 +/- 3.2%, respectively (after normalization of intravenous group&amp;amp;amp;#39;s As recovery data to 100%). These results indicated that As in the soil was probably in a less soluble and therefore a less absorbable form than sodium arsenate.
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1984
Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars differing in susceptibility to iron (Fe) chlorosi... more Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars differing in susceptibility to iron (Fe) chlorosis in wet calcareous soils were grown in nutrient solutions to characterize the effects of phosphate (P) and bicarbonate (HCO‐3) in inducing chlorosis. NaHCO3 (0 or 10 mM), P (10 or 400 µM as NaH2PO4, and NH+4 (0 or 300 µM) as (NH4)2SO4 were factorial treatments in a nutrient solution. Low Fe availability was maintained by supplying 5 µM Fe + 10 µM EDDHA, and excess CaCO3(pH 7.5). With no HCO‐3 added, ‘T203’ (extremely chlorosis susceptible) was green at 10 µM P, but severely chlorotic at 400 µM P; ‘Wayne’ (chlorosis susceptible) was green at both P levels. Addition of HCO‐3 caused chlorosis in T203 and Wayne at 10 or 400 µM P. Chlorosis resistant ‘AP9’ and ‘Hawkeye’ remained green with added P or HCO‐3. Chlorosis ratings (1 = green to 5 = severely chlorotic) in the 0 HCO‐3 + 10 µM P, 0 HCO‐3 + 400 µM P and 10 HCO‐3 + 400 µM P treatments, respectively, were: 1.0, 1.0, and 1.5 for AP9; 1.0...
Physiologia Plantarum, 1971
An Fe‐inefficient tomato mutant, T3238fe (Lycopersicon esculentum) was identified by growing the ... more An Fe‐inefficient tomato mutant, T3238fe (Lycopersicon esculentum) was identified by growing the plants in solution cultures containing different concentrations of FeHEDTA. Approach grafts of T3238Fe (Fe‐efficient) top on T3238fe rootstock and vice versa, located the cause of Fe inefficiency in T3238fe roots. The T3238Fe tomato takes up more Fe than T3238fe and it responds favorably to Fe‐stress by releasing hydrogen ions from its roots, increasing reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ at its roots, and increasing the citrate concentration in its roots. T3238fe showed very little response to Fe stress; it was unable to absorb and transport adequate Fe from PeEDDHA to support growth.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1984
Effects of HCO 3 on three chlorosis‐resistant (A2, Clark, Hawkeye) and three chlorosis‐susceptibl... more Effects of HCO 3 on three chlorosis‐resistant (A2, Clark, Hawkeye) and three chlorosis‐susceptible (Anoka, Wayne, Hark) soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) were tested to determine how HCO 3 induces differential Fe‐chlorosis. Effects on regulation of Fe‐stress response were measured by conditioning the plants 8 days with low Fe and 0 or 10 mM HCO 3 before a 24 hour
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2019
Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 1989
SUMMARY Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Fe3+-chelate concentration and chemi... more SUMMARY Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Fe3+-chelate concentration and chemical properties on the rate of reduction by roots of Fe-deficient peanut plants (Arachis hypogea L. cv. Florigiant). Reduction studies with the Fe3+-chelates of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetate (HEDTA), N,N-ethylenediaminediacetate, and diethylenetriamine-pentaacetate (DTPA) each showed saturation kinetics characteristic of active processes by plants. Km values varied from 23 to 85 μM, and Vmax from 0·55 to 5·5 μmol h–1 (g fresh roots)–1. Vmax values declined as the Fe3+-chelate formation constant increased. The removal of plant shoots reduced initial (< 6 h) reduction rates by 22%. The Km′ for Fe3+-chelates was much higher than Fe3+-chelate concentrations in soil solutions of problem calcareous soils.
Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1978
... Full Text Annual Review of Plant Physiology Vol. 29: 511-566 (Volume publication date June 19... more ... Full Text Annual Review of Plant Physiology Vol. 29: 511-566 (Volume publication date June 1978) (doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.29.060178.002455) The Physiology of Metal Toxicity in Plants.CD Foy, RL Chaney, and MC White. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 1978. ...
Soils for Management of Organic Wastes and Waste Waters, 2015
Toxicology, 1994
The primary purpose of this study was to generate data that could be used to determine the absolu... more The primary purpose of this study was to generate data that could be used to determine the absolute bioavailability of lead using data from a previous study in which soil containing lead from mining waste was mixed with feed. Young male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (7-8 weeks of age, five/sex/group) were given either soluble lead acetate mixed in a purified diet (AIN-76) at three different dose levels (1, 25, and 250 ppm Pb for 30 consecutive days) or intravenously at doses of 0.02, 0.20, and 2.0 mg Pb/kg BW for 29 days. A control group (purified diet only) was also included. The intravenous groups were used to provide maximal absorption (lead presumed to be 100% bioavailable) and accumulation data for lead in blood, bone, and liver. The lead acetate groups were used to evaluate the comparability of the present study with a previous study that compared bioavailable lead from ingested soil and lead acetate. Group mean whole blood, bone and liver lead concentration values increased with increasing dose levels for all treatment groups. A linear relationship was observed between blood lead concentration and dose following intravenous administration of lead and this provided empirical support for using blood lead concentrations at supposed steady state (approximately 30 days) to compute the bioavailability of lead administered by different routes and from different sources. The absolute bioavailability values of mining waste lead in soil were low based on the results for all tissue types. Absolute bioavailability values for lead acetate in dosed feed for blood, bone, and liver were approximately 6-, 19-, and 20-fold greater, respectively, than mining waste lead. Based on the current design and test system used, the absolute bioavailability of mining waste lead in soil administered in feed was approximately 3% based on blood data and less than 1% based on bone and liver data. These data are consistent with the low solubility of the constituent lead mineral phases in Butte soils.
Experiments involving biological accumulation of metal contaminants are summarized in the article... more Experiments involving biological accumulation of metal contaminants are summarized in the article. The focus is on identification of hyperaccumulating plant species for cadmium and zinc. Two of the studies examined Thlaspi caerulescens (alpine pennycress) as a bioadsorbent; the third study compared different species of Thlaspi. The T. caerulescens accumulated both metals, but with low yields. Other plant species were identified which adsorbed cadmium or zinc, but not both metals.
Land Application of Agricultural, Industrial, and Municipal By-Products, 2000
... objectives. Authors Brown, S.; Chaney, RL Editors Power, JF;Dick, WA;Kashmanian, RM;Sims, JT;... more ... objectives. Authors Brown, S.; Chaney, RL Editors Power, JF;Dick, WA;Kashmanian, RM;Sims, JT;Wright, RJ;Dawson, MD;Bezdicek, D. Book Land application of agricultural, industrial, and municipal by-products 2000 pp. 343 ...
Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water, 1999
One type of harsh environment for plants is metal- and metalloid-contaminated or mineralized soil... more One type of harsh environment for plants is metal- and metalloid-contaminated or mineralized soils: these exists in most countries due to geological formation or to a history of mining and/or smelting. Depending on soil pH and fertility, metal-rich soils may be barren and eroding into wider areas. Some elements present risk to humans, wildlife, livestock, plants, or soil organism and require remediation. The engineering approach of removing the contaminated soil is extremely expensive. Thus, alternative methods for in situ remediation of element-rich soils have been developed by the agricultural sciences. These methods include phytoextraction (growing plants which accumulate enough concentrations of an element in shoots for removal from the field) and phytostabilization (adding soil amendments which convert soil elements into forms with much lower phytoavailability and bioavailability so they no longer pose a risk to the environment). Phytomining is a variant of phytoextraction in w...
Trace Elements in Soils, 2010
Toxicological Sciences, 1993
This study determined the extent of arsenic (As) absorption from soil from Anaconda, Montana. Pre... more This study determined the extent of arsenic (As) absorption from soil from Anaconda, Montana. Prepubescent male and female SPF New Zealand White rabbits (5/sex/group) were given a single oral (capsule) administration of soil (3900 ppm As) at three different dose levels (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 g of soil/kg, corresponding to 0.78, 1.95, and 3.9 mg As/kg, respectively). Standard groups included untreated controls, an intravenous sodium arsenate group (1.95 mg As/kg), and a gavage sodium arsenate group (1.95 mg As/kg). Urine, cage rinse, and feces were collected at 24-hr intervals for 5 days and were analyzed for total As concentration. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption for treated animals were similar to controls. Maximum As concentrations were obtained over the initial 24-hr collection interval. A dose-dependent delay in urinary As excretion, the major elimination pathway, was observed in the oral soil group compared to that in the gavage group. For the animals in the soil groups, approximately 80% of the administered As dose was eliminated in the feces compared to approximately 10 and 50% for the intravenous and oral gavage groups, respectively. The relative oral bioavailabilities (+/- SD) of As in the gavage and test soil groups based on comparison with excreta data from the intravenous group were approximately 50 +/- 5.7 and 24 +/- 3.2%, respectively (after normalization of intravenous group&amp;amp;amp;#39;s As recovery data to 100%). These results indicated that As in the soil was probably in a less soluble and therefore a less absorbable form than sodium arsenate.
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1984
Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars differing in susceptibility to iron (Fe) chlorosi... more Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars differing in susceptibility to iron (Fe) chlorosis in wet calcareous soils were grown in nutrient solutions to characterize the effects of phosphate (P) and bicarbonate (HCO‐3) in inducing chlorosis. NaHCO3 (0 or 10 mM), P (10 or 400 µM as NaH2PO4, and NH+4 (0 or 300 µM) as (NH4)2SO4 were factorial treatments in a nutrient solution. Low Fe availability was maintained by supplying 5 µM Fe + 10 µM EDDHA, and excess CaCO3(pH 7.5). With no HCO‐3 added, ‘T203’ (extremely chlorosis susceptible) was green at 10 µM P, but severely chlorotic at 400 µM P; ‘Wayne’ (chlorosis susceptible) was green at both P levels. Addition of HCO‐3 caused chlorosis in T203 and Wayne at 10 or 400 µM P. Chlorosis resistant ‘AP9’ and ‘Hawkeye’ remained green with added P or HCO‐3. Chlorosis ratings (1 = green to 5 = severely chlorotic) in the 0 HCO‐3 + 10 µM P, 0 HCO‐3 + 400 µM P and 10 HCO‐3 + 400 µM P treatments, respectively, were: 1.0, 1.0, and 1.5 for AP9; 1.0...
Physiologia Plantarum, 1971
An Fe‐inefficient tomato mutant, T3238fe (Lycopersicon esculentum) was identified by growing the ... more An Fe‐inefficient tomato mutant, T3238fe (Lycopersicon esculentum) was identified by growing the plants in solution cultures containing different concentrations of FeHEDTA. Approach grafts of T3238Fe (Fe‐efficient) top on T3238fe rootstock and vice versa, located the cause of Fe inefficiency in T3238fe roots. The T3238Fe tomato takes up more Fe than T3238fe and it responds favorably to Fe‐stress by releasing hydrogen ions from its roots, increasing reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ at its roots, and increasing the citrate concentration in its roots. T3238fe showed very little response to Fe stress; it was unable to absorb and transport adequate Fe from PeEDDHA to support growth.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1984
Effects of HCO 3 on three chlorosis‐resistant (A2, Clark, Hawkeye) and three chlorosis‐susceptibl... more Effects of HCO 3 on three chlorosis‐resistant (A2, Clark, Hawkeye) and three chlorosis‐susceptible (Anoka, Wayne, Hark) soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) were tested to determine how HCO 3 induces differential Fe‐chlorosis. Effects on regulation of Fe‐stress response were measured by conditioning the plants 8 days with low Fe and 0 or 10 mM HCO 3 before a 24 hour