Chris McCullum-Gomez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Chris McCullum-Gomez
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2004
Biotechnology and Safety Assessment, 2019
Adolescence, 1997
Ninety adolescents (41 males and 49 females) stratified by shopping experience (44 shoppers and 4... more Ninety adolescents (41 males and 49 females) stratified by shopping experience (44 shoppers and 46 nonshoppers) were given a list of 20 foods to select in a supermarket. An interview was conducted to determine reason(s) given for each food selection, use of nutrition information, and other variables. Reasons most often reported for selecting foods were personal preference/taste, custom/habit, and price/cost. Participants were five times more likely to use front label/nutrition claims than nutrient labels. Fat free/low fat, lite/light, and cholesterol free/low cholesterol were the most commonly used claims whereas total fat and calories were the most commonly used nutrient label constituents. Females were more likely than males to use front label/nutrition claims (F (1,82) = 4.78, p < .01). There were no significant differences between males' and females' use of nutrient labels. Education that emphasizes food-shopping and label-reading skills is needed by adolescents.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2002
The purpose of this study was to determine the multiple meanings of community food security among... more The purpose of this study was to determine the multiple meanings of community food security among stakeholders with diverse interests and to assess the degree to which these stakeholders could find common ground around community food security during a participatory planning process called a search conference. The conceptual framework of citizen politics guided all aspects of the research design. In-depth, qualitative interviews were conducted with 44 participants purposefully recruited to attend a 2 1/2 h-day search conference. Open-ended questionnaires were distributed to all participants during the search conference, and a document review was performed. Prior to the search conference, 4 community food secruity groups emerged: anti-hunger advocates (n=12), agricultural visionaries (n=12), food traditionalists (n=10), and agricultural entrepreneurs (n=8). Participants were able to find common ground around 6 community food security action agendas: distribution of surplus food, education, family and community values, food processing and marketing, legislative initiatives and action, and new agriculture. Other salient community food security issues emerged, but they were not included on any of the action agendas. Formal training in facilitation, negotiation, conflict resolution, and how to influence the public policy-making process will enable dietetics professionals to effectively collaborate with community-based groups that have a stake in food security issues.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2000
Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2001
Page 1. DIALOGUE Moving from Debate to Dialogue About Genetically Engineered Foods and Crops: Ins... more Page 1. DIALOGUE Moving from Debate to Dialogue About Genetically Engineered Foods and Crops: Insights from a Land Grant University Jennifer L. Wilkins Vivica Kraak David Pelletier Christine McCullum Ulla Uusitalo ABSTRACT. ...
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2003
The purpose of this article is to provide nutrition educators with an introduction to a range of ... more The purpose of this article is to provide nutrition educators with an introduction to a range of considerations and forces that are driving the application of modern biotechnology in the food and fiber sector based on a food systems perspective. In doing so, the following issues are critically assessed: (1) the global debate on how to regulate genetically engineered (GE) foods and crops, (2) cultural differences in public perceptions of GE foods, and (3) evaluation of selected GE traits against the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability, including the potential of modern agricultural biotechnology to enhance global food security. Where appropriate, we also review other agricultural technologies and the broader political, social, and economic contexts in which these technologies have been introduced. Finally, we offer recommendations for how multiple stakeholder groups, including policy makers, biotechnology advocates, and nutrition educators, can move toward a more informed dialogue and debate on this issue.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2003
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using citizen politics as a framework for empowering... more Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using citizen politics as a framework for empowering citizens to build a community food security agenda. Design: A critical perspective, case study design, and multiple qualitative methods were used. Participants/Setting: Forty-four participants were purposefully recruited to participate in a community-based planning process called a search conference (SC). Seven additional disenfranchised stakeholders who did not attend the SC were also recruited to participate. Phenomenon of Interest: To assess how power influenced agenda setting and to determine the extent to which disenfranchised stakeholders' most salient interests were incorporated into the final SC action agendas. Analysis: The constant comparison method, content analysis, and consensus were used to produce the final analysis. Results: Power influenced agenda setting by managing knowledge, problem framing, trust, and consent. Two of seven of disenfranchised stakeholders' most salient interests, including need for adequate food preparation skills and increased availability of locally produced foods, were incorporated into the final SC action agendas. Conclusions and Implications: Citizen politics can be used to build a community food security agenda on issues that are not at odds with stakeholders in positions of power.To bring about change on issues in which power differences between groups are substantial, additional theoretical frameworks and public policy-making models are needed.
Journal of Nutrition Education, 1997
Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it is only the newest form of biotechnology or "ge... more Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it is only the newest form of biotechnology or "genetic engineering" that has enabled scientists to transfer traits between different species. Potential benefits of biotechnology include increased crop and livestock productivity, enhanced nutrient availability and composition, and improved pest and disease control. However, there are also health and environmental risks, as well as social, economic, and ethical issues that need to be addressed. Professionals need more information on biotechnology in order to effectively educate consumers. Regulatory policy regarding genetically engineered foods is controversial and unresolved. Premarketing notification, testing, and labeling are needed to deal responsibly with biotechnology.
Agriculture and Human Values, 2000
Values and beliefs regarding communityfood security were investigated among participants in2–3 da... more Values and beliefs regarding communityfood security were investigated among participants in2–3 day participatory planning events related to thelocal food system in six rural counties from oneregion of upstate New York. The results of Qmethodology reveal three distinct viewpoints: a) theSocial Justice viewpoint, which is primarily concernedwith hunger and the potential harm caused by welfarereform; b) the Pragmatist viewpoint, which values
Health Education & Behavior, 2004
A community food security movement has begun to address problems of hunger and food insecurity by... more A community food security movement has begun to address problems of hunger and food insecurity by uti-lizing a community-basedapproach.Althoughvarious models have been implemented,little empirical researchhasassessed howpoweroperateswithincommunity-basedfoodsecurityinitiatives.Thepurposeofthisresearchwas to determine how power influenced participation in decision-making, agenda setting, and the shaping ofperceived needs within a community-based food security planning process, with particular reference to disen-franchised stakeholders. Power influenced participation in decision-making, agenda setting, and the shaping ofperceived needs through managing 1) problem framing, 2) trust, 3) knowledge, and 4) consent. To overcomethese mechanismsof power, practitionersneed to address individual-,community-,and institutional-level barri-ers to participation in community-based food security planning processes. Practitioners and researchers canwork with disenfranchised groups to determine which ...
Agriculture and Human Values, 1999
Community food security (CFS) is an incipient movement based on the re-localization of many food ... more Community food security (CFS) is an incipient movement based on the re-localization of many food system activities in response to values concerning the social, health, economic, and environmental consequences of the globalizing food system. This study examines the salience of these values based on the action agendas and accomplishments emerging from community planning events in six rural counties of New
BioScience, 1997
A 11 ecosystems and human 50cieties depend on a healthy and productive natural environment that c... more A 11 ecosystems and human 50cieties depend on a healthy and productive natural environment that contains diverse plant and anima! species. The earth's biota is composed of an estimated 10 million species of plants, animals, and microhes (Pimm er a1. 1995). In the United Stares, thefe are an estimated 750,000 species, of which small organisms, such as arthropods and microbes, make up 95%.1 Although approximately 60% of the world's food supply comes frorn riee, wheat, and carn (Wilson 1988), as many as 20,000 ather plant species have been used by humans as food. Some plants and animals provide humans wirh essential medicines and orher diverse, useful products. For instance, some plants and microbes help to degrade chemical pollutants and organic wastes and recycle nutrients through~ out the ecosystem. The rapidly growing world population and increased human activity threaten many of these species. The current extinction rate of species ranges from approximately 1000 to 10,000 times higher than natural extinction rates (Kellert and Wilson
Policy Sciences, 1999
Abstract. Participatory planning and policy analysis has gained increasing attention in recent ye... more Abstract. Participatory planning and policy analysis has gained increasing attention in recent years because of its potential to improve the knowledge base for policy design (substantive bene¢ts), increase the likelihood of stakeholder compliance and support (instrumental ...
Journal of Community Nutrition, 2004
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2004
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2004
Biotechnology and Safety Assessment, 2019
Adolescence, 1997
Ninety adolescents (41 males and 49 females) stratified by shopping experience (44 shoppers and 4... more Ninety adolescents (41 males and 49 females) stratified by shopping experience (44 shoppers and 46 nonshoppers) were given a list of 20 foods to select in a supermarket. An interview was conducted to determine reason(s) given for each food selection, use of nutrition information, and other variables. Reasons most often reported for selecting foods were personal preference/taste, custom/habit, and price/cost. Participants were five times more likely to use front label/nutrition claims than nutrient labels. Fat free/low fat, lite/light, and cholesterol free/low cholesterol were the most commonly used claims whereas total fat and calories were the most commonly used nutrient label constituents. Females were more likely than males to use front label/nutrition claims (F (1,82) = 4.78, p < .01). There were no significant differences between males' and females' use of nutrient labels. Education that emphasizes food-shopping and label-reading skills is needed by adolescents.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2002
The purpose of this study was to determine the multiple meanings of community food security among... more The purpose of this study was to determine the multiple meanings of community food security among stakeholders with diverse interests and to assess the degree to which these stakeholders could find common ground around community food security during a participatory planning process called a search conference. The conceptual framework of citizen politics guided all aspects of the research design. In-depth, qualitative interviews were conducted with 44 participants purposefully recruited to attend a 2 1/2 h-day search conference. Open-ended questionnaires were distributed to all participants during the search conference, and a document review was performed. Prior to the search conference, 4 community food secruity groups emerged: anti-hunger advocates (n=12), agricultural visionaries (n=12), food traditionalists (n=10), and agricultural entrepreneurs (n=8). Participants were able to find common ground around 6 community food security action agendas: distribution of surplus food, education, family and community values, food processing and marketing, legislative initiatives and action, and new agriculture. Other salient community food security issues emerged, but they were not included on any of the action agendas. Formal training in facilitation, negotiation, conflict resolution, and how to influence the public policy-making process will enable dietetics professionals to effectively collaborate with community-based groups that have a stake in food security issues.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2000
Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2001
Page 1. DIALOGUE Moving from Debate to Dialogue About Genetically Engineered Foods and Crops: Ins... more Page 1. DIALOGUE Moving from Debate to Dialogue About Genetically Engineered Foods and Crops: Insights from a Land Grant University Jennifer L. Wilkins Vivica Kraak David Pelletier Christine McCullum Ulla Uusitalo ABSTRACT. ...
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2003
The purpose of this article is to provide nutrition educators with an introduction to a range of ... more The purpose of this article is to provide nutrition educators with an introduction to a range of considerations and forces that are driving the application of modern biotechnology in the food and fiber sector based on a food systems perspective. In doing so, the following issues are critically assessed: (1) the global debate on how to regulate genetically engineered (GE) foods and crops, (2) cultural differences in public perceptions of GE foods, and (3) evaluation of selected GE traits against the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability, including the potential of modern agricultural biotechnology to enhance global food security. Where appropriate, we also review other agricultural technologies and the broader political, social, and economic contexts in which these technologies have been introduced. Finally, we offer recommendations for how multiple stakeholder groups, including policy makers, biotechnology advocates, and nutrition educators, can move toward a more informed dialogue and debate on this issue.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2003
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using citizen politics as a framework for empowering... more Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using citizen politics as a framework for empowering citizens to build a community food security agenda. Design: A critical perspective, case study design, and multiple qualitative methods were used. Participants/Setting: Forty-four participants were purposefully recruited to participate in a community-based planning process called a search conference (SC). Seven additional disenfranchised stakeholders who did not attend the SC were also recruited to participate. Phenomenon of Interest: To assess how power influenced agenda setting and to determine the extent to which disenfranchised stakeholders' most salient interests were incorporated into the final SC action agendas. Analysis: The constant comparison method, content analysis, and consensus were used to produce the final analysis. Results: Power influenced agenda setting by managing knowledge, problem framing, trust, and consent. Two of seven of disenfranchised stakeholders' most salient interests, including need for adequate food preparation skills and increased availability of locally produced foods, were incorporated into the final SC action agendas. Conclusions and Implications: Citizen politics can be used to build a community food security agenda on issues that are not at odds with stakeholders in positions of power.To bring about change on issues in which power differences between groups are substantial, additional theoretical frameworks and public policy-making models are needed.
Journal of Nutrition Education, 1997
Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it is only the newest form of biotechnology or "ge... more Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it is only the newest form of biotechnology or "genetic engineering" that has enabled scientists to transfer traits between different species. Potential benefits of biotechnology include increased crop and livestock productivity, enhanced nutrient availability and composition, and improved pest and disease control. However, there are also health and environmental risks, as well as social, economic, and ethical issues that need to be addressed. Professionals need more information on biotechnology in order to effectively educate consumers. Regulatory policy regarding genetically engineered foods is controversial and unresolved. Premarketing notification, testing, and labeling are needed to deal responsibly with biotechnology.
Agriculture and Human Values, 2000
Values and beliefs regarding communityfood security were investigated among participants in2–3 da... more Values and beliefs regarding communityfood security were investigated among participants in2–3 day participatory planning events related to thelocal food system in six rural counties from oneregion of upstate New York. The results of Qmethodology reveal three distinct viewpoints: a) theSocial Justice viewpoint, which is primarily concernedwith hunger and the potential harm caused by welfarereform; b) the Pragmatist viewpoint, which values
Health Education & Behavior, 2004
A community food security movement has begun to address problems of hunger and food insecurity by... more A community food security movement has begun to address problems of hunger and food insecurity by uti-lizing a community-basedapproach.Althoughvarious models have been implemented,little empirical researchhasassessed howpoweroperateswithincommunity-basedfoodsecurityinitiatives.Thepurposeofthisresearchwas to determine how power influenced participation in decision-making, agenda setting, and the shaping ofperceived needs within a community-based food security planning process, with particular reference to disen-franchised stakeholders. Power influenced participation in decision-making, agenda setting, and the shaping ofperceived needs through managing 1) problem framing, 2) trust, 3) knowledge, and 4) consent. To overcomethese mechanismsof power, practitionersneed to address individual-,community-,and institutional-level barri-ers to participation in community-based food security planning processes. Practitioners and researchers canwork with disenfranchised groups to determine which ...
Agriculture and Human Values, 1999
Community food security (CFS) is an incipient movement based on the re-localization of many food ... more Community food security (CFS) is an incipient movement based on the re-localization of many food system activities in response to values concerning the social, health, economic, and environmental consequences of the globalizing food system. This study examines the salience of these values based on the action agendas and accomplishments emerging from community planning events in six rural counties of New
BioScience, 1997
A 11 ecosystems and human 50cieties depend on a healthy and productive natural environment that c... more A 11 ecosystems and human 50cieties depend on a healthy and productive natural environment that contains diverse plant and anima! species. The earth's biota is composed of an estimated 10 million species of plants, animals, and microhes (Pimm er a1. 1995). In the United Stares, thefe are an estimated 750,000 species, of which small organisms, such as arthropods and microbes, make up 95%.1 Although approximately 60% of the world's food supply comes frorn riee, wheat, and carn (Wilson 1988), as many as 20,000 ather plant species have been used by humans as food. Some plants and animals provide humans wirh essential medicines and orher diverse, useful products. For instance, some plants and microbes help to degrade chemical pollutants and organic wastes and recycle nutrients through~ out the ecosystem. The rapidly growing world population and increased human activity threaten many of these species. The current extinction rate of species ranges from approximately 1000 to 10,000 times higher than natural extinction rates (Kellert and Wilson
Policy Sciences, 1999
Abstract. Participatory planning and policy analysis has gained increasing attention in recent ye... more Abstract. Participatory planning and policy analysis has gained increasing attention in recent years because of its potential to improve the knowledge base for policy design (substantive bene¢ts), increase the likelihood of stakeholder compliance and support (instrumental ...
Journal of Community Nutrition, 2004
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2004