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Papers by Christian Koldewey
Proceedings of the Design Society, Jun 19, 2023
In global competition, companies are continuously searching for a competitive advantage. A growin... more In global competition, companies are continuously searching for a competitive advantage. A growing number of companies have identified the design of their products as a major success factor. The promises for companies associated with outstanding design are extremely attractive, ranging from better customer experience to higher sales growth. But even though the advantages of design seem to be compelling, companies are still having difficulties in leveraging the benefits of design. In this paper, we want to identify the underlying challenges that explain this gap. We are especially interested in the role and challenges of design in interdisciplinary product development. Therefore, we perform a literature review that clarifies terminology, analyses research approaches and identifies challenges. We determine seven key challenges for design in interdisciplinary product development. Furthermore, we observe a limited scope of research approaches in the reviewed literature. Based on these findings, we propose three further research directions to strengthen the role of design in interdisciplinary product development in the future.
Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing
The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual ... more The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual products’ problems and potentials for improvement. A valuable source for these insights is the product use phase. In practice, product planners are often forced to work with assumptions and speculations as insights from the use phase are insufficiently identified and documented. A new opportunity to address this problem arises from the ongoing digitalization that enables products to generate and collect data during their utilization. Analyzing these data could enable their manufacturers to generate and exploit insights concerning product performance and user behavior, revealing problems and potentials for improvement. However, research on analyzing use phase data in product planning of manufacturing companies is scarce. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory interview study with decision-makers of eight manufacturing companies. The result of this paper is a detailed description of the po...
Open Innovation: Bridging Theory and Practice
Today’s manufacturing industry is confronted with fundamental changes in value creation. The tens... more Today’s manufacturing industry is confronted with fundamental changes in value creation. The tension between the two megatrends of digitization and servitization leads to new hybrid market offerings, so-called smart services. Corresponding business models and value networks fundamentally differ from traditional ones. Developing smart services requires an advanced management of business models and new competences in young disciplines, while their provision requires new internal and external organizational structures or processes. To strengthen their competitive position, manufacturing companies need to extend their business model portfolios and adapt their value networks. However, the highly complex transformation of value creation especially challenges small and medium-sized companies due to limited competences and resources. They must consider opening their boundaries and collaborating with partners. In this chapter, we introduce a basic framework for designing smart services and present a methodology for the planning of a smart service business integrating external partners. The methodology is structured into five phases: Examination of smart service portfolio, analysis of business models and environment, business model portfolio planning, competence identification and analysis, and value creation planning. The methodology is explained by an example on cable marker printers.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Technology Management, Operations and Decisions (ICTMOD)
The manufacturing industry is currently undergoing a profound change driven by digitalization and... more The manufacturing industry is currently undergoing a profound change driven by digitalization and servitization. Consequently, so called smart services are gaining importance. These are digital services that generate benefits from product data. However, many companies are struggling with their strategic management – both in terms of strategy and structure. In our paper, we investigate the interdependencies. Furthermore, we propose a process model to derive the basic organizational structure of a smart service business within strategy development.
Procedia CIRP
In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbr... more In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach.
Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing
The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual ... more The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual products’ problems and potentials for improvement. A valuable source for these insights is the product use phase. In practice, product planners are often forced to work with assumptions and speculations as insights from the use phase are insufficiently identified and documented. A new opportunity to address this problem arises from the ongoing digitalization that enables products to generate and collect data during their utilization. Analyzing these data could enable their manufacturers to generate and exploit insights concerning product performance and user behavior, revealing problems and potentials for improvement. However, research on analyzing use phase data in product planning of manufacturing companies is scarce. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory interview study with decision-makers of eight manufacturing companies. The result of this paper is a detailed description of the po...
Proceedings of the Design Society
The ongoing digitalization of products offers product managers new potentials to plan future prod... more The ongoing digitalization of products offers product managers new potentials to plan future product generations based on data from the use phase instead of assumptions. However, product managers often face difficulties in identifying promising opportunities for analyzing use phase data. In this paper, we propose a method for planning the analysis of use phase data in product planning. It leads product managers from the identification of promising investigation needs to the derivation of specific use cases. The application of the method is shown using the example of a manufacturing company.
Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb
Smart Services eröffnen vielfältige Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen und erfo... more Smart Services eröffnen vielfältige Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen und erfordern zugleich einschneidende Anpassungen ihrer häufig historisch gewachsenen Wertschöpfung. Dieser Beitrag zeigt eine Web-Applikation, die es produzierenden Unternehmen erlaubt, die erforderliche Smart-Service-Transformation zu planen. Dafür werden umfassendes Lösungswissen bereitgestellt und eine individuelle Gestaltungsempfehlungen für die zukünftige Wertschöpfung als Smart-Service-Anbieter gegeben.
Management for Professionals, 2021
Proceedings of the 2020 ISPIM Innovation Conference (Virtual) Event "Innovating in Times of Crisis", 2020
Technology Innovation Management Review, 2018
Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2022
Cyber-physical systems generate and collect huge amounts of usage data during operation. Analyzin... more Cyber-physical systems generate and collect huge amounts of usage data during operation. Analyzing these data may enable manufacturing companies to identify weaknesses and learn about the users of their products. Such insights are valuable in the early phases of product development like product planning, as they facilitate decision-making for product improvement. The analysis and exploitation of usage data in product planning, however, is a new task for manufacturing companies. To reduce mistakes and improve the results, companies should build upon a suitable reference process model. Unfortunately, established models for analyzing data cannot be easily applied for product planning. In this paper, we propose a reference process model for usage data-driven product planning. It builds on three well-established models for analyzing data and addresses the unique characteristics of usage datadriven product planning. Finally, we customize the model for a manufacturing company and demonstrate how it could be implemented in practice.
Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2022
Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, 2020
Die Verfügbarkeit von Daten aus dem Betrieb hat durch die Einführung von vernetzten intelligenten... more Die Verfügbarkeit von Daten aus dem Betrieb hat durch die Einführung von vernetzten intelligenten Fertigungssystemen (cyber-physische Systeme) stark zugenommen. Hieraus eröffnen sich Erfolg versprechende Möglichkeiten für Smart Services und damit verbundene neue Geschäftsfelder. Voraussetzung für den Eintritt in ein neues Geschäft mit Smart Services ist eine fundierte Geschäftsstrategie. Wir zeigen die zentralen Gestaltungsfelder von Smart Service-Strategien auf und erläutern, wie sechs von uns ermittelte Normstrategien bei der Formulierung einer attraktiven Strategie helfen können.**) Christian Koldewey, Maximilian Frank, Jürgen Gausemeier, Alexander Bäsecke, Nadia Chohan und Jannik Reinhold, Paderborn*)
Proceedings of the Design Society, Jun 19, 2023
In global competition, companies are continuously searching for a competitive advantage. A growin... more In global competition, companies are continuously searching for a competitive advantage. A growing number of companies have identified the design of their products as a major success factor. The promises for companies associated with outstanding design are extremely attractive, ranging from better customer experience to higher sales growth. But even though the advantages of design seem to be compelling, companies are still having difficulties in leveraging the benefits of design. In this paper, we want to identify the underlying challenges that explain this gap. We are especially interested in the role and challenges of design in interdisciplinary product development. Therefore, we perform a literature review that clarifies terminology, analyses research approaches and identifies challenges. We determine seven key challenges for design in interdisciplinary product development. Furthermore, we observe a limited scope of research approaches in the reviewed literature. Based on these findings, we propose three further research directions to strengthen the role of design in interdisciplinary product development in the future.
Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing
The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual ... more The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual products’ problems and potentials for improvement. A valuable source for these insights is the product use phase. In practice, product planners are often forced to work with assumptions and speculations as insights from the use phase are insufficiently identified and documented. A new opportunity to address this problem arises from the ongoing digitalization that enables products to generate and collect data during their utilization. Analyzing these data could enable their manufacturers to generate and exploit insights concerning product performance and user behavior, revealing problems and potentials for improvement. However, research on analyzing use phase data in product planning of manufacturing companies is scarce. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory interview study with decision-makers of eight manufacturing companies. The result of this paper is a detailed description of the po...
Open Innovation: Bridging Theory and Practice
Today’s manufacturing industry is confronted with fundamental changes in value creation. The tens... more Today’s manufacturing industry is confronted with fundamental changes in value creation. The tension between the two megatrends of digitization and servitization leads to new hybrid market offerings, so-called smart services. Corresponding business models and value networks fundamentally differ from traditional ones. Developing smart services requires an advanced management of business models and new competences in young disciplines, while their provision requires new internal and external organizational structures or processes. To strengthen their competitive position, manufacturing companies need to extend their business model portfolios and adapt their value networks. However, the highly complex transformation of value creation especially challenges small and medium-sized companies due to limited competences and resources. They must consider opening their boundaries and collaborating with partners. In this chapter, we introduce a basic framework for designing smart services and present a methodology for the planning of a smart service business integrating external partners. The methodology is structured into five phases: Examination of smart service portfolio, analysis of business models and environment, business model portfolio planning, competence identification and analysis, and value creation planning. The methodology is explained by an example on cable marker printers.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Technology Management, Operations and Decisions (ICTMOD)
The manufacturing industry is currently undergoing a profound change driven by digitalization and... more The manufacturing industry is currently undergoing a profound change driven by digitalization and servitization. Consequently, so called smart services are gaining importance. These are digital services that generate benefits from product data. However, many companies are struggling with their strategic management – both in terms of strategy and structure. In our paper, we investigate the interdependencies. Furthermore, we propose a process model to derive the basic organizational structure of a smart service business within strategy development.
Procedia CIRP
In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbr... more In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach.
Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing
The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual ... more The successful planning of future product generations requires reliable insights into the actual products’ problems and potentials for improvement. A valuable source for these insights is the product use phase. In practice, product planners are often forced to work with assumptions and speculations as insights from the use phase are insufficiently identified and documented. A new opportunity to address this problem arises from the ongoing digitalization that enables products to generate and collect data during their utilization. Analyzing these data could enable their manufacturers to generate and exploit insights concerning product performance and user behavior, revealing problems and potentials for improvement. However, research on analyzing use phase data in product planning of manufacturing companies is scarce. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory interview study with decision-makers of eight manufacturing companies. The result of this paper is a detailed description of the po...
Proceedings of the Design Society
The ongoing digitalization of products offers product managers new potentials to plan future prod... more The ongoing digitalization of products offers product managers new potentials to plan future product generations based on data from the use phase instead of assumptions. However, product managers often face difficulties in identifying promising opportunities for analyzing use phase data. In this paper, we propose a method for planning the analysis of use phase data in product planning. It leads product managers from the identification of promising investigation needs to the derivation of specific use cases. The application of the method is shown using the example of a manufacturing company.
Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb
Smart Services eröffnen vielfältige Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen und erfo... more Smart Services eröffnen vielfältige Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen und erfordern zugleich einschneidende Anpassungen ihrer häufig historisch gewachsenen Wertschöpfung. Dieser Beitrag zeigt eine Web-Applikation, die es produzierenden Unternehmen erlaubt, die erforderliche Smart-Service-Transformation zu planen. Dafür werden umfassendes Lösungswissen bereitgestellt und eine individuelle Gestaltungsempfehlungen für die zukünftige Wertschöpfung als Smart-Service-Anbieter gegeben.
Management for Professionals, 2021
Proceedings of the 2020 ISPIM Innovation Conference (Virtual) Event "Innovating in Times of Crisis", 2020
Technology Innovation Management Review, 2018
Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2022
Cyber-physical systems generate and collect huge amounts of usage data during operation. Analyzin... more Cyber-physical systems generate and collect huge amounts of usage data during operation. Analyzing these data may enable manufacturing companies to identify weaknesses and learn about the users of their products. Such insights are valuable in the early phases of product development like product planning, as they facilitate decision-making for product improvement. The analysis and exploitation of usage data in product planning, however, is a new task for manufacturing companies. To reduce mistakes and improve the results, companies should build upon a suitable reference process model. Unfortunately, established models for analyzing data cannot be easily applied for product planning. In this paper, we propose a reference process model for usage data-driven product planning. It builds on three well-established models for analyzing data and addresses the unique characteristics of usage datadriven product planning. Finally, we customize the model for a manufacturing company and demonstrate how it could be implemented in practice.
Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2022
Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, 2020
Die Verfügbarkeit von Daten aus dem Betrieb hat durch die Einführung von vernetzten intelligenten... more Die Verfügbarkeit von Daten aus dem Betrieb hat durch die Einführung von vernetzten intelligenten Fertigungssystemen (cyber-physische Systeme) stark zugenommen. Hieraus eröffnen sich Erfolg versprechende Möglichkeiten für Smart Services und damit verbundene neue Geschäftsfelder. Voraussetzung für den Eintritt in ein neues Geschäft mit Smart Services ist eine fundierte Geschäftsstrategie. Wir zeigen die zentralen Gestaltungsfelder von Smart Service-Strategien auf und erläutern, wie sechs von uns ermittelte Normstrategien bei der Formulierung einer attraktiven Strategie helfen können.**) Christian Koldewey, Maximilian Frank, Jürgen Gausemeier, Alexander Bäsecke, Nadia Chohan und Jannik Reinhold, Paderborn*)