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Papers by Christina Vakali

Research paper thumbnail of Προοπτικές για την Οργανική Βελτίωση και σποροπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα- Ετερογενές υλικό

Research paper thumbnail of Conservation of Biodiversity for Organic Farming in Greece

AEGILOPS Network Ecology and Biodiversity in Agriculture was established in 2004. Our purpose is ... more AEGILOPS Network Ecology and Biodiversity in Agriculture was established in 2004. Our purpose is to conserve heritage varieties and traditional agricultural knowledge and to restore landrace varieties into contemporary agricultural practice in ways that benefit the traditional farmers. The goals of AEGILOPS are: a. to develop plant varieties adapted to local organic production which utilize the benefits of locally adapted genetic resources for ecological agriculture, and b. to strengthen the role of the farmers in the conservation of genetic resources as well as to protect their rights in taking part in the management and benefits of agrobiodiversity.

Research paper thumbnail of Greening urban gardens with local vegetable varieties (Liveseed Practice Abstract)

Research paper thumbnail of Προοπτικές για την Οργανική Βελτίωση και σποροπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα- Ετερογενές υλικό

Research paper thumbnail of Organic seed from community seed banks (Liveseed practice abstract)

Practical recommendations • Agronomists can help and train farmers and community seed banks how t... more Practical recommendations • Agronomists can help and train farmers and community seed banks how to select their own best varieties and produce high quality seed. • Farmers being members of community seed banks can contribute in selection and seed production. • Researchers supporting farmers in multiactor participatory organic breeding can help to improve suitable variety choice and meet market’s needs. • Organic seed production initiatives can contribute to the sustainability of community seed banks on local level

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß von drei Bodenbearbeitungssystemen auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Wintergerste auf einem Ackerstandort in Athen, Griechenland

Optimierte bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften sind Grundlage der Entwicklung vitaler Getreidebestan... more Optimierte bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften sind Grundlage der Entwicklung vitaler Getreidebestande und hoher Kornertrage. Wurzelwachstum und Wurzelaktivitat stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit Bodendichte, Porenverteilung, Eindringwiderstand und dem gewogenen mittleren Aggregatdurchmesser. Konventionelle Grundbodenbearbeitung mit dem Wendepflug fuhrt haufig zu ungunstigerem Bodengefuge, im Zusammenhang mit hohen Auflasten, zu Pflugsohlen. Ziel des Projektes war es, den Einflus verschiedener Bodenbearbeitungssysteme auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und das Wurzelwachstum von Wintergerste unter den klimatischen Bedingungen des Mittelmeerraums zu untersuchen.

Research paper thumbnail of Sproß - und Wurzelentwicklung von Getreide bei reduzierter Grundbodenbearbeitung im Ökologischen Landbau

In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“, different... more In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“, different primary tillage systems are being tested on their influence on root and shootgrowth of cereals. The tillage implements are : mouldboard plough, two layer plough and layer cultivator. Investigations oriented on soil physical parameters ( e.g. aggregate stability ), root parameters ( e.g. root-length-density ), shoot growth ( e.g. dry matter, yields) and laboratory analysis ( e.g., P, K Ct/Nt contents ). These parameters were also tested for the weeds, that can strongly compete with the crops, especially in reduced tillage systems. The results of the investigations combined with knowledge obtained from previous work and literature are being interpreted in order to assess the possibilities and limits of the reduced primary tillage intensity under given field conditions.

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage effects on soil properties and growth of cereals and associated weeds under organic farming

Soil and Tillage Research, 2011

In organic farming, reduced tillage is often avoided because of potentially negative consequences... more In organic farming, reduced tillage is often avoided because of potentially negative consequences for crops and weeds. On an experimental organic farm in Germany, we studied during three years the effects of the three tillage systems mouldboard ploughing (MP, inversion to 30cm depth), two layer ploughing (TP, inversion to 15cm, loosening to 30cm) and layer cultivation (LC, only loosening to

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: Effects on soil nutrients, nutrient content and yield of barley, rye and associated weeds

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 2014

In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although t... more In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although the guidelines often recommend the reduction of tillage intensity. During the years 5–7 of a long-term experiment, we studied the effects of the three tillage systems moldboard plowing (MP, soil inversion to 30 cm depth), two-layer plowing (TP, inversion to 15 cm, loosening to 30 cm) and layer cultivation (LC, loosening to 30 cm) on soil nutrients, nutrient content of barley, rye and associated weeds, and yield on a clay loam soil. Crops were cultivated within a five-course crop rotation consisting of green fallow, winter wheat, field peas, winter rye and spring barley; no additional fertilizers were applied. Tillage affected only soil nitrate under barley, which decreased with decreasing tillage intensity. Soil humus, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were unaffected by tillage under both crops. Barley shoot nitrogen content was significantly influenced by tillage, with, across years, 38 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Different Levels of Wheat Straw Soil Surface Coverage on Weed Flora in Vicia faba Crops

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2003

ABSTRACT The crop system implemented on organic farms requires that crop residues are incorporate... more ABSTRACT The crop system implemented on organic farms requires that crop residues are incorporated into the soil following the end of wheat cultivation. This system leads to a reduction in soil moisture and the creation of favourable conditions for the emergence of weeds. In contrast, covering the soil with 60 % crop residues was found to maintain soil moisture and lead to a reduction in dry weed mass, population density and population frequency as well as a reduction in population diversity, regardless of the initial weed flora before the implementation of different soil tillage systems. Finally, an increase in the prevalence of broad-leafed weeds was observed as the level of soil cover increased.

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Sommergerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Die Moglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensitat im Okologischen Landbau werden k... more Die Moglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensitat im Okologischen Landbau werden kontrovers diskutiert. In den Jahren 1999 und 2000 wurde deshalb der Einflus von drei Verfahren der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf verschiedene Bodenparameter bei Sommergerste untersucht.

Research paper thumbnail of Possibilities and limits of reduced primary tillage in organic farming

In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced pri... more In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced primary tillage systems on root and shoot growth of cereals were investigated. The field trial in Rommersheim near Mainz, Germany, was established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“. The Agricultural University of Athens established in 1995 a similar experiment in a field trial carried out by The Laboratory of Crop Science, located in Athens, Greece.

Research paper thumbnail of Prelimenary results on a comparative study evaluating landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under organic agriculture in a protected area in Greece

Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input c... more Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input cropping system. Six landraces of Greek common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and one from the neighbouring Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) were evaluated for different agronomic and physicochemical characteristics under organic conditions in the National Park of the lake Prespes, on the borders of Greece, FYROM and Albania. Significant differences among landraces were found in yield characteristics such as yield plant -1 , pod plant -1 and seeds pod -1 with two of the landraces performing the best. The cooking time was estimated by measuring seed hardness using a penetrometer. There was a considerable variation between the landraces tested with cooking times between 25-45 minutes. Some of the landraces could be a useful resource for the development of organic farming systems in this protected area.

Research paper thumbnail of Prelimenary results on a comparative study evaluating landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in organic agriculture in a protected area (Northern Greece)

Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input c... more Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input cropping system. Six landraces of Greek common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and one from the neighbouring Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) were evaluated for different agronomic and physicochemical characteristics under organic conditions in the National Park of the lake Prespes, on the borders of Greece, FYROM and Albania. Significant differences among landraces were found in yield characteristics such as yield plant-1 , pod plant-1 and seeds pod-1 with two of the landraces performing the best. The cooking time was estimated by measuring seed hardness using a penetrometer. There was a considerable variation between the landraces tested with cooking times between 25-45 minutes. Some of the landraces could be a useful resource for the development of organic farming systems in this protected area.

Research paper thumbnail of Shoot and root growth of cereals under reduced tillage in Organic Farming in field trials in Germany and Greece

... der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt am 3.11.2003 vonChristina-Ap... more ... der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt am 3.11.2003 vonChristina-Aphroditi Vakali aus Thessaloniki/Griechenland Page 2. SCHRIFTENREIHE INSTITUT FUER ORGANISCHEN LANDBAU HERAUSGEBER: PROF. Dr. ULRICH KOEPKE ...

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: Effects on soil nutrients, nutrient content and yield of barley, rye and associated weeds

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 2014

In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although t... more In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although the guidelines often recommend the reduction of tillage intensity. During the years 5–7 of a long-term experiment, we studied the effects of the three tillage systems moldboard plowing (MP, soil inversion to 30 cm depth), two-layer plowing (TP, inversion to 15 cm, loosening to 30 cm) and layer cultivation (LC, loosening to 30 cm) on soil nutrients, nutrient content of barley, rye and associated weeds, and yield on a clay loam soil. Crops were cultivated within a five-course crop rotation consisting of green fallow, winter wheat, field peas, winter rye and spring barley; no additional fertilizers were applied. Tillage affected only soil nitrate under barley, which decreased with decreasing tillage intensity. Soil humus, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were unaffected by tillage under both crops. Barley shoot nitrogen content was significantly influenced by tillage, with, across years, 38 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Sommergerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Die Möglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensität im Ökologischen Landbau werden k... more Die Möglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensität im Ökologischen Landbau werden kontrovers diskutiert. In den Jahren 1999 und 2000 wurde deshalb der Einfluß von drei Verfahren der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf verschiedene Bodenparameter bei Sommergerste untersucht.

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß von drei Bodenbearbeitungssystemen auf pflanzliche Parameter von Braugerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Der Ökologische Landbau wird häufig mit dem zurückhaltenden Einsatz des Wendepfluges in Verbindun... more Der Ökologische Landbau wird häufig mit dem zurückhaltenden Einsatz des Wendepfluges in Verbindung gebracht. Erhebungen zeigen, daß der Streich-blechpflug in mehr als 90 % aller Grundbodenbearbeitungsmaßnahmen in der Praxis eingesetzt wird. In der Mehrzahl der Fälle wird bis zu 30 cm Bodentiefe gepflügt. Ziel unseres Forschungsvorhabens ist es, den Einfluß reduzierter Grundboden-bearbeitung auf die Ertragsbildung von Braugerste einschließlich ihrer Begleitflora unter den Bedingungen des Ökologischen Landbau zu untersuchen.

Research paper thumbnail of Sproß - und Wurzelentwicklung von Getreide bei reduzierter Grundbodenbearbeitung im Ökologischen Landbau

In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau“, different... more In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau“, different primary tillage systems are being tested on their influence on root and shootgrowth of cereals. The tillage implements are : mouldboard plough, two layer plough and layer cultivator. Investigations oriented on soil physical parameters ( e.g. aggregate stability ), root parameters ( e.g. root-length-density ), shoot growth ( e.g. dry matter, yields) and laboratory analysis ( e.g., P, K Ct/Nt contents ). These parameters were also tested for the weeds, that can strongly compete with the crops, especially in reduced tillage systems. The results of the investigations combined with knowledge obtained from previous work and literature are being interpreted in order to assess the possibilities and limits of the reduced primary tillage intensity under given field conditions.

Research paper thumbnail of Possibilities and limits of reduced primary tillage in organic farming

Introduction In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects o... more Introduction In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced primary tillage systems on root and shoot growth of cereals were investigated. The field trial in Rommersheim near Mainz, Germany, was established in 1994 by the foundation "Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau". The Agricultural University of Athens established in 1995 a similar experiment in a field trial carried out by The Laboratory of Crop Science, located in Athens, Greece. Materials and methods Mouldboard plough, two-layer plough and layer cultivator were used in Germany. Mouldboard plough, rotary hoe and zero tillage were applied in Greece. The field experiment in Germany was performed on a clay loam soil (Calcaric Regosol, FAO) with a 5-year crop rotation (green fallow, winter wheat/catch crop, peas, winter rye/catch crop, spring barley) in a split-plot design. The investigated crop was spring barley. Tillage systems were implemented after cereal harvests only. The ...

Research paper thumbnail of Προοπτικές για την Οργανική Βελτίωση και σποροπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα- Ετερογενές υλικό

Research paper thumbnail of Conservation of Biodiversity for Organic Farming in Greece

AEGILOPS Network Ecology and Biodiversity in Agriculture was established in 2004. Our purpose is ... more AEGILOPS Network Ecology and Biodiversity in Agriculture was established in 2004. Our purpose is to conserve heritage varieties and traditional agricultural knowledge and to restore landrace varieties into contemporary agricultural practice in ways that benefit the traditional farmers. The goals of AEGILOPS are: a. to develop plant varieties adapted to local organic production which utilize the benefits of locally adapted genetic resources for ecological agriculture, and b. to strengthen the role of the farmers in the conservation of genetic resources as well as to protect their rights in taking part in the management and benefits of agrobiodiversity.

Research paper thumbnail of Greening urban gardens with local vegetable varieties (Liveseed Practice Abstract)

Research paper thumbnail of Προοπτικές για την Οργανική Βελτίωση και σποροπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα- Ετερογενές υλικό

Research paper thumbnail of Organic seed from community seed banks (Liveseed practice abstract)

Practical recommendations • Agronomists can help and train farmers and community seed banks how t... more Practical recommendations • Agronomists can help and train farmers and community seed banks how to select their own best varieties and produce high quality seed. • Farmers being members of community seed banks can contribute in selection and seed production. • Researchers supporting farmers in multiactor participatory organic breeding can help to improve suitable variety choice and meet market’s needs. • Organic seed production initiatives can contribute to the sustainability of community seed banks on local level

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß von drei Bodenbearbeitungssystemen auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Wintergerste auf einem Ackerstandort in Athen, Griechenland

Optimierte bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften sind Grundlage der Entwicklung vitaler Getreidebestan... more Optimierte bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften sind Grundlage der Entwicklung vitaler Getreidebestande und hoher Kornertrage. Wurzelwachstum und Wurzelaktivitat stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit Bodendichte, Porenverteilung, Eindringwiderstand und dem gewogenen mittleren Aggregatdurchmesser. Konventionelle Grundbodenbearbeitung mit dem Wendepflug fuhrt haufig zu ungunstigerem Bodengefuge, im Zusammenhang mit hohen Auflasten, zu Pflugsohlen. Ziel des Projektes war es, den Einflus verschiedener Bodenbearbeitungssysteme auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und das Wurzelwachstum von Wintergerste unter den klimatischen Bedingungen des Mittelmeerraums zu untersuchen.

Research paper thumbnail of Sproß - und Wurzelentwicklung von Getreide bei reduzierter Grundbodenbearbeitung im Ökologischen Landbau

In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“, different... more In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“, different primary tillage systems are being tested on their influence on root and shootgrowth of cereals. The tillage implements are : mouldboard plough, two layer plough and layer cultivator. Investigations oriented on soil physical parameters ( e.g. aggregate stability ), root parameters ( e.g. root-length-density ), shoot growth ( e.g. dry matter, yields) and laboratory analysis ( e.g., P, K Ct/Nt contents ). These parameters were also tested for the weeds, that can strongly compete with the crops, especially in reduced tillage systems. The results of the investigations combined with knowledge obtained from previous work and literature are being interpreted in order to assess the possibilities and limits of the reduced primary tillage intensity under given field conditions.

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage effects on soil properties and growth of cereals and associated weeds under organic farming

Soil and Tillage Research, 2011

In organic farming, reduced tillage is often avoided because of potentially negative consequences... more In organic farming, reduced tillage is often avoided because of potentially negative consequences for crops and weeds. On an experimental organic farm in Germany, we studied during three years the effects of the three tillage systems mouldboard ploughing (MP, inversion to 30cm depth), two layer ploughing (TP, inversion to 15cm, loosening to 30cm) and layer cultivation (LC, only loosening to

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: Effects on soil nutrients, nutrient content and yield of barley, rye and associated weeds

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 2014

In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although t... more In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although the guidelines often recommend the reduction of tillage intensity. During the years 5–7 of a long-term experiment, we studied the effects of the three tillage systems moldboard plowing (MP, soil inversion to 30 cm depth), two-layer plowing (TP, inversion to 15 cm, loosening to 30 cm) and layer cultivation (LC, loosening to 30 cm) on soil nutrients, nutrient content of barley, rye and associated weeds, and yield on a clay loam soil. Crops were cultivated within a five-course crop rotation consisting of green fallow, winter wheat, field peas, winter rye and spring barley; no additional fertilizers were applied. Tillage affected only soil nitrate under barley, which decreased with decreasing tillage intensity. Soil humus, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were unaffected by tillage under both crops. Barley shoot nitrogen content was significantly influenced by tillage, with, across years, 38 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Different Levels of Wheat Straw Soil Surface Coverage on Weed Flora in Vicia faba Crops

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2003

ABSTRACT The crop system implemented on organic farms requires that crop residues are incorporate... more ABSTRACT The crop system implemented on organic farms requires that crop residues are incorporated into the soil following the end of wheat cultivation. This system leads to a reduction in soil moisture and the creation of favourable conditions for the emergence of weeds. In contrast, covering the soil with 60 % crop residues was found to maintain soil moisture and lead to a reduction in dry weed mass, population density and population frequency as well as a reduction in population diversity, regardless of the initial weed flora before the implementation of different soil tillage systems. Finally, an increase in the prevalence of broad-leafed weeds was observed as the level of soil cover increased.

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Sommergerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Die Moglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensitat im Okologischen Landbau werden k... more Die Moglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensitat im Okologischen Landbau werden kontrovers diskutiert. In den Jahren 1999 und 2000 wurde deshalb der Einflus von drei Verfahren der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf verschiedene Bodenparameter bei Sommergerste untersucht.

Research paper thumbnail of Possibilities and limits of reduced primary tillage in organic farming

In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced pri... more In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced primary tillage systems on root and shoot growth of cereals were investigated. The field trial in Rommersheim near Mainz, Germany, was established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Okologie und Landbau“. The Agricultural University of Athens established in 1995 a similar experiment in a field trial carried out by The Laboratory of Crop Science, located in Athens, Greece.

Research paper thumbnail of Prelimenary results on a comparative study evaluating landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under organic agriculture in a protected area in Greece

Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input c... more Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input cropping system. Six landraces of Greek common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and one from the neighbouring Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) were evaluated for different agronomic and physicochemical characteristics under organic conditions in the National Park of the lake Prespes, on the borders of Greece, FYROM and Albania. Significant differences among landraces were found in yield characteristics such as yield plant -1 , pod plant -1 and seeds pod -1 with two of the landraces performing the best. The cooking time was estimated by measuring seed hardness using a penetrometer. There was a considerable variation between the landraces tested with cooking times between 25-45 minutes. Some of the landraces could be a useful resource for the development of organic farming systems in this protected area.

Research paper thumbnail of Prelimenary results on a comparative study evaluating landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in organic agriculture in a protected area (Northern Greece)

Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input c... more Organic farming requires cultivars or landraces that are specifically adapted to this low input cropping system. Six landraces of Greek common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and one from the neighbouring Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) were evaluated for different agronomic and physicochemical characteristics under organic conditions in the National Park of the lake Prespes, on the borders of Greece, FYROM and Albania. Significant differences among landraces were found in yield characteristics such as yield plant-1 , pod plant-1 and seeds pod-1 with two of the landraces performing the best. The cooking time was estimated by measuring seed hardness using a penetrometer. There was a considerable variation between the landraces tested with cooking times between 25-45 minutes. Some of the landraces could be a useful resource for the development of organic farming systems in this protected area.

Research paper thumbnail of Shoot and root growth of cereals under reduced tillage in Organic Farming in field trials in Germany and Greece

... der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt am 3.11.2003 vonChristina-Ap... more ... der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt am 3.11.2003 vonChristina-Aphroditi Vakali aus Thessaloniki/Griechenland Page 2. SCHRIFTENREIHE INSTITUT FUER ORGANISCHEN LANDBAU HERAUSGEBER: PROF. Dr. ULRICH KOEPKE ...

Research paper thumbnail of Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: Effects on soil nutrients, nutrient content and yield of barley, rye and associated weeds

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 2014

In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although t... more In temperate regions, reduced tillage is still not broadly accepted in organic farming although the guidelines often recommend the reduction of tillage intensity. During the years 5–7 of a long-term experiment, we studied the effects of the three tillage systems moldboard plowing (MP, soil inversion to 30 cm depth), two-layer plowing (TP, inversion to 15 cm, loosening to 30 cm) and layer cultivation (LC, loosening to 30 cm) on soil nutrients, nutrient content of barley, rye and associated weeds, and yield on a clay loam soil. Crops were cultivated within a five-course crop rotation consisting of green fallow, winter wheat, field peas, winter rye and spring barley; no additional fertilizers were applied. Tillage affected only soil nitrate under barley, which decreased with decreasing tillage intensity. Soil humus, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were unaffected by tillage under both crops. Barley shoot nitrogen content was significantly influenced by tillage, with, across years, 38 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften und Wurzelwachstum von Sommergerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Die Möglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensität im Ökologischen Landbau werden k... more Die Möglichkeiten der Nutzung reduzierter Bearbeitungsintensität im Ökologischen Landbau werden kontrovers diskutiert. In den Jahren 1999 und 2000 wurde deshalb der Einfluß von drei Verfahren der Grundbodenbearbeitung auf verschiedene Bodenparameter bei Sommergerste untersucht.

Research paper thumbnail of Einfluß von drei Bodenbearbeitungssystemen auf pflanzliche Parameter von Braugerste im Ökologischen Landbau

Der Ökologische Landbau wird häufig mit dem zurückhaltenden Einsatz des Wendepfluges in Verbindun... more Der Ökologische Landbau wird häufig mit dem zurückhaltenden Einsatz des Wendepfluges in Verbindung gebracht. Erhebungen zeigen, daß der Streich-blechpflug in mehr als 90 % aller Grundbodenbearbeitungsmaßnahmen in der Praxis eingesetzt wird. In der Mehrzahl der Fälle wird bis zu 30 cm Bodentiefe gepflügt. Ziel unseres Forschungsvorhabens ist es, den Einfluß reduzierter Grundboden-bearbeitung auf die Ertragsbildung von Braugerste einschließlich ihrer Begleitflora unter den Bedingungen des Ökologischen Landbau zu untersuchen.

Research paper thumbnail of Sproß - und Wurzelentwicklung von Getreide bei reduzierter Grundbodenbearbeitung im Ökologischen Landbau

In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau“, different... more In a field trial established in 1994 by the foundation „Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau“, different primary tillage systems are being tested on their influence on root and shootgrowth of cereals. The tillage implements are : mouldboard plough, two layer plough and layer cultivator. Investigations oriented on soil physical parameters ( e.g. aggregate stability ), root parameters ( e.g. root-length-density ), shoot growth ( e.g. dry matter, yields) and laboratory analysis ( e.g., P, K Ct/Nt contents ). These parameters were also tested for the weeds, that can strongly compete with the crops, especially in reduced tillage systems. The results of the investigations combined with knowledge obtained from previous work and literature are being interpreted in order to assess the possibilities and limits of the reduced primary tillage intensity under given field conditions.

Research paper thumbnail of Possibilities and limits of reduced primary tillage in organic farming

Introduction In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects o... more Introduction In two organically cultivated field trials, located in Germany and Greece, effects of reduced primary tillage systems on root and shoot growth of cereals were investigated. The field trial in Rommersheim near Mainz, Germany, was established in 1994 by the foundation "Stiftung Ökologie und Landbau". The Agricultural University of Athens established in 1995 a similar experiment in a field trial carried out by The Laboratory of Crop Science, located in Athens, Greece. Materials and methods Mouldboard plough, two-layer plough and layer cultivator were used in Germany. Mouldboard plough, rotary hoe and zero tillage were applied in Greece. The field experiment in Germany was performed on a clay loam soil (Calcaric Regosol, FAO) with a 5-year crop rotation (green fallow, winter wheat/catch crop, peas, winter rye/catch crop, spring barley) in a split-plot design. The investigated crop was spring barley. Tillage systems were implemented after cereal harvests only. The ...