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Papers by Christopher Gleed-owen

Research paper thumbnail of Marine Isotope Stage 9 environments of fluvial deposits at Hackney, north London, UK

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2006

Middle Pleistocene deposits at Hackney, north London comprise a thick unit of organic sands and s... more Middle Pleistocene deposits at Hackney, north London comprise a thick unit of organic sands and silts occupying a channel near the confluence of the River Thames in south-eastern England and its left-bank tributary the River Lea. They represent a short time interval, perhaps no more than a few years, within a late Middle Pleistocene interglacial. The organic sediments are overlain by unfossiliferous sands and gravels indicating deposition on the floodplain of a braided river under cool or cold climatic conditions. The fossil plant, insect, mollusc and vertebrate remains from the interglacial deposits all indicate climatic conditions with summers warmer than the present in SE England, and winters with a similar thermal climate. The biostratigraphic evidence suggests that the time period represented by the organic unit is part of MIS 9, although the geochronological evidence for such an age is inconclusive. The palaeontological evidence strongly suggests that this temperate stage was warmer than the succeeding temperate stage MIS 7 or the Holocene, and approaching the Ipswichian (MISs 5e) in its warmth. The multidisciplinary description of the Hackney deposits is one of the first to reconstruct terrestrial conditions in Marine Isotope Stage 9 in Western Europe. r

Research paper thumbnail of Sedimentology, palaeontology and archaeology of late Middle Pleistocene River Thames terrace deposits at Purfleet, Essex, UK

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2002

Middle Pleistocene fluvial deposits of the Corbets Tey Formation at Purfleet, Essex, provide evid... more Middle Pleistocene fluvial deposits of the Corbets Tey Formation at Purfleet, Essex, provide evidence of an un-named and previously poorly recognized interglacial, thought to corrrelate with Oxygen Isotope Stage (OIS) 9. Previous attributions of the sediments to the Ipswichian (Last Interglacial) Stage are refuted. New investigations have yielded rich molluscan, mammalian and ostracod assemblages that indicate fully temperate conditions and the distal influence of marine transgression. Pollen analyses suggest a previously unrecorded phase of interglacial vegetational development. Clast composition, geomorphological evidence and the occurrence of molluscs that favour large rivers all point to deposition by the Thames, rather than in a minor tributary, as suggested previously. Three separate Palaeolithic industries in stratigraphical superposition are recognized at Purfleet, these being Clactonian, Acheulean and Levallois. Purfleet is therefore a key locality in the understanding of the early human occupation and exploitation of southern Britain, as well as for the interpretation and correlation of the terrace sequence in the Thames Valley. r

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, Jan 1, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern huma... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long
contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast
Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr BP has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham’s Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr BP. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of The Romano-British exploitation of coastal wetlands: survey and excavation on the North Somerset Levels, 1993-7

Research paper thumbnail of The Romano-British Exploitation of Coastal Wetlands: Survey and Excavation on the North Somerset Levels, 1993-7

Britannia, 2000

INTRODUCTION: THE ROMANO-BRITISH EXPLOITATION OF COASTAL WETLANDS A reas of coastal marshland for... more INTRODUCTION: THE ROMANO-BRITISH EXPLOITATION OF COASTAL WETLANDS A reas of coastal marshland formed an important and distinctive part of the landscape of Roman Britain and current work is showing that different wetlands were utilised in very I vdifferent ways. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern human... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr bp has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr bp. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern human... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr bp has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr bp. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of Marine Isotope Stage 9 environments of fluvial deposits at Hackney, north London, UK

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2006

Middle Pleistocene deposits at Hackney, north London comprise a thick unit of organic sands and s... more Middle Pleistocene deposits at Hackney, north London comprise a thick unit of organic sands and silts occupying a channel near the confluence of the River Thames in south-eastern England and its left-bank tributary the River Lea. They represent a short time interval, perhaps no more than a few years, within a late Middle Pleistocene interglacial. The organic sediments are overlain by unfossiliferous sands and gravels indicating deposition on the floodplain of a braided river under cool or cold climatic conditions. The fossil plant, insect, mollusc and vertebrate remains from the interglacial deposits all indicate climatic conditions with summers warmer than the present in SE England, and winters with a similar thermal climate. The biostratigraphic evidence suggests that the time period represented by the organic unit is part of MIS 9, although the geochronological evidence for such an age is inconclusive. The palaeontological evidence strongly suggests that this temperate stage was warmer than the succeeding temperate stage MIS 7 or the Holocene, and approaching the Ipswichian (MISs 5e) in its warmth. The multidisciplinary description of the Hackney deposits is one of the first to reconstruct terrestrial conditions in Marine Isotope Stage 9 in Western Europe. r

Research paper thumbnail of Sedimentology, palaeontology and archaeology of late Middle Pleistocene River Thames terrace deposits at Purfleet, Essex, UK

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2002

Middle Pleistocene fluvial deposits of the Corbets Tey Formation at Purfleet, Essex, provide evid... more Middle Pleistocene fluvial deposits of the Corbets Tey Formation at Purfleet, Essex, provide evidence of an un-named and previously poorly recognized interglacial, thought to corrrelate with Oxygen Isotope Stage (OIS) 9. Previous attributions of the sediments to the Ipswichian (Last Interglacial) Stage are refuted. New investigations have yielded rich molluscan, mammalian and ostracod assemblages that indicate fully temperate conditions and the distal influence of marine transgression. Pollen analyses suggest a previously unrecorded phase of interglacial vegetational development. Clast composition, geomorphological evidence and the occurrence of molluscs that favour large rivers all point to deposition by the Thames, rather than in a minor tributary, as suggested previously. Three separate Palaeolithic industries in stratigraphical superposition are recognized at Purfleet, these being Clactonian, Acheulean and Levallois. Purfleet is therefore a key locality in the understanding of the early human occupation and exploitation of southern Britain, as well as for the interpretation and correlation of the terrace sequence in the Thames Valley. r

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, Jan 1, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern huma... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long
contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast
Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr BP has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham’s Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr BP. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of The Romano-British exploitation of coastal wetlands: survey and excavation on the North Somerset Levels, 1993-7

Research paper thumbnail of The Romano-British Exploitation of Coastal Wetlands: Survey and Excavation on the North Somerset Levels, 1993-7

Britannia, 2000

INTRODUCTION: THE ROMANO-BRITISH EXPLOITATION OF COASTAL WETLANDS A reas of coastal marshland for... more INTRODUCTION: THE ROMANO-BRITISH EXPLOITATION OF COASTAL WETLANDS A reas of coastal marshland formed an important and distinctive part of the landscape of Roman Britain and current work is showing that different wetlands were utilised in very I vdifferent ways. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern human... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr bp has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr bp. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe

Nature, 2006

The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern human... more The late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast Asia. In Europe the extinction of the Neanderthals, firmly associated with Mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr bp has recently been put in doubt. Here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of Neanderthals to 28 kyr bp. These Neanderthals survived in the southernmost point of Europe, within a particular physiographic context, and are the last currently recorded anywhere. Our results show that the Neanderthals survived in isolated refuges well after the arrival of modern humans in Europe.