Cindy Gao - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Cindy Gao

Optical Measurement and Nondestructive Testing: Techniques and Applications, 2000

ABSTRACT

Separation and Purification Technology, 2014

ABSTRACT The integration of reaction and separation in one single process unit is generally more ... more ABSTRACT The integration of reaction and separation in one single process unit is generally more preferable than their application individually, which allows less energy consumption and environmental impacts. This work presents a novel practicable configuration of heat-integrated process based on reactive distillation that aims to reduce furthermore the energy requirements for tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) synthesis, leading to competitive operating costs. The optimal design flowsheet of heat-integrated with reactive distillation was obtained by minimizing the total annual cost (TAC) of this process. Simulation study was conducted to compare the heat-integrated scheme and conventional reactive distillation (CRD). The proposed technology was demonstrated to decrease the TAC which was 6.56% less than that of the CRD. The control strategy of this heat-integrated design was also developed. Only tray temperature control loop was needed to reject feed disturbances to maintain the quality of the products. Overall results demonstrate that the heat-integrated reactive distillation is a promising approach for TAME synthesis.

Materials Letters, 2012

The bimodal porous structured mesporous bioactive glass (MBG) materials consisting of macropores ... more The bimodal porous structured mesporous bioactive glass (MBG) materials consisting of macropores were prepared using the natural Mediterranean sea sponge as macropored hard templates and P123 as mesopore soft templates, respectively. The macroporous structures of the natural Mediterranean sea sponge as macropored were replicated with the walls containing highly ordered MBG as well. Dexamethasone (DEX) was employed as a model drug and the release profiles showed that the dual porous materials had a sustained drug delivery capability. In addition, the materials had higher ability to induce hydroxycarbonate apatite (HAp) formation. Therefore, such highly ordered dual pore MBG materials might be used as a bioactive drug release system for preparation of bone implant materials.

Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, 2011

Error tolerant backbone resonance assignment is the cornerstone of the NMR structure determinatio... more Error tolerant backbone resonance assignment is the cornerstone of the NMR structure determination process. Although a variety of assignment approaches have been developed, none works sufficiently well on noisy fully automatically picked peaks to enable the subsequent automatic structure determination steps. We have designed an integer linear programming (ILP) based assignment system (IPASS) that has enabled fully automatic protein structure determination for four test proteins. IPASS employs probabilistic spin system typing based on chemical shifts and secondary structure predictions. Furthermore, IPASS extracts connectivity information from the inter-residue information and the (automatically picked) 15 N-edited NOESY peaks which are then used to fix reliable fragments. When applied to automatically picked peaks for real proteins, IPASS achieves an average precision and recall of 82% and 63%, respectively. In contrast, the next best method, MARS, achieves an average precision and recall of 77% and 36%, respectively. The assignments generated by IPASS are then fed into our protein structure calculation system, FALCON-NMR, to determine the 3D structures without human intervention. The final models have backbone RMSDs of 1.25Å, 0.88Å, 1.49Å, and 0.67Å to the reference native structures for proteins TM1112, CASKIN, VRAR, and HACS1, respectively. The web server is publicly available at http://monod.uwaterloo.ca/nmr/ipass. 15 16 B. Alipanahi et al. Error Tolerant NMR Resonance Assignment 17

Proceedings of International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service - ICIMCS '14, 2014

In this paper, we propose a novel single image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction framework bas... more In this paper, we propose a novel single image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction framework based on artificial neural network (ANN) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The ANN is used for SR reconstruction, and the GPR is used for correction. The new framework combines multiple reconstruction approaches including deep learning and sparse representation from a local dictionary. The main contribution is enhancing the reconstruction performance utilizing the image compressed features with respect to other state of art single image SR approaches in terms of both visual perception and quantitative assessment.

Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 2009

This paper links the multipath smart antenna CDMA system signal detection problem to the PARAllel... more This paper links the multipath smart antenna CDMA system signal detection problem to the PARAllel profiles with LINear Dependencies (PARALIND), and derives a deterministic blind PARALIND algorithm whose performance is very close to nonblind space-time minimum mean square error (ST-MMSE) method. The blind PARALIND algorithm has the better performance than spacetime matched filter. The proposed PARALIND algorithm also works well in array error condition. Most notably, it does not require knowledge of the DOA (Direction Of Arrival) and channel fading information.

2008 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, 2008

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a real-time, low power, and wireless embedded stereo vision sy... more ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a real-time, low power, and wireless embedded stereo vision system. The system con-sists of WiCa board (Wireless Camera board) and the meth-ods developed using a smart camera processor, IC3D. IC3D is an SIMD video-analysis processor that has 320 processor elements. The proposed auto-rectification method is suit-able for a parallel stereo system like WiCa. It is based on the matching of a planar background. After rectifica-tion, the two images of the background are coincident with each other, i.e., both the vertical and horizontal disparity of the background plane is removed. Then a dense matching method is implemented to achieve the depth map of the fore-ground object. Left-to-right checking and reliability check-ing is applied to reduce the error of the estimated depth. The system runs at 30fps and handles disparity up to 37 pixels in CIF (320x240 pixels) mode.

High-Power Lasers and Applications VI, 2012

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007

Abstract. The best known algorithm computes the sensitivity of a given spaced seed on a random re... more Abstract. The best known algorithm computes the sensitivity of a given spaced seed on a random region with running time O((M+L)jBj), where M is the length of the seed, L is the length of the random region, and jBj is the size of seed-compatible-su‐x set, which is exponential to the number,of 0’s in the seed. We developed two algorithms to

2006 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, 2006

In this paper, we address the problem of entropy-based clustering in the framework of possibility... more In this paper, we address the problem of entropy-based clustering in the framework of possibility theory. First, we introduce the possibilistic entropy with brief discussion. Then we develop the possibilistic entropy theory for clustering analysis and investigate the general Possibilistic Entropy Clustering (PEC) problems, based on which a Fully Unsupervised Possibilistic Entropy Clustering (FUPEC) algorithm is elaborated in detail with the following advantages: (1) having clearer physical meaning and well-defined mathematical features; (2) automatically determining the number of the clusters; (3) automatically controlling the resolution parameter during the clustering progress; (4) overcoming the sensitivity to initialization and to the noise and outliers. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of this novel algorithm with various examples.

International journal of molecular medicine, 2013

The aim of this study was to further confirm that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GD... more The aim of this study was to further confirm that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts a neuro-protective effect on dopaminergic neurons (DAs) and to investigate the protective mechanism. Cadherins are calcium-dependent adhesion proteins, and N-cadherins are found in neurons. Our study attempted to ascertain whether GDNF activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through the mediation of N-cadherin to confer a protective effect on DAs. Flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining results indicated that the apoptosis rate of damaged neurocytes increased following interference of N-cadherin expression. Immunoblotting results demonstrated that the amount of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the cytoplasm decreased, while the total Akt quantity remained unchanged following interference of N-cadherin expression. The immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that the levels of total N-cadherin, phosphorylated N-cadherin (Tyr860) and p-Akt decreased; however, the amount...

Journal of ovarian research, 2014

A new technique has successfully established the non-obese diabetic/severely combined immunodefic... more A new technique has successfully established the non-obese diabetic/severely combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mouse model of ovarian cancer. Under 4% chloral hydrate (0.1 mL/g dose) anesthesia, female mice were inoculated with tumor-cell suspension. The expression rate of OVCAR3 to CA125 was assessed using flow cytometry. The inoculated site was hand palpated and the signs and symptoms related to tumor growth were observed with the naked eye. The allophycocyanin (APC) indirectly labeled mouse-antihuman CA125 and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled anti-mouse MHC Class I molecule (H-2K(d)/H-2D(d)) were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The animal model of ovarian cancer constructed using this method can more directly reflect the characteristics of cancer cells. It provides reliable experimental results and presents a technical platform for the research of ovarian cancer stem cells.

Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2014

We introduce an approach exploiting the power of polynomial ring algebra to perform SystemVerilog... more We introduce an approach exploiting the power of polynomial ring algebra to perform SystemVerilog assertion verification over digital circuit systems. This method is based on Groebner bases theory and sequential properties checking. We define a constrained subset of SVAs so that an efficient polynomial modeling mechanism for both circuit descriptions and assertions can be applied. We present an algorithm framework based on the algebraic representations using Groebner bases for concurrent SVAs checking. Case studies show that computer algebra can provide canonical symbolic representations for both assertions and circuit designs and can act as a novel solver engine from the viewpoint of symbolic computation.

2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation, 2008

2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2008

Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) is a prominent specification language used for formalizing the be... more Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) is a prominent specification language used for formalizing the behavior of non-deterministic structured programs generally called regular programs. Regular programs with probabilistic information have richer and more powerful expressiveness than normal regular programs. However, KAT is incapable of specifying such recently widely used programs. We construct a complete theory of probabilistic Kleene algebra with tests (PKAT) for reasoning about regular programs with probability. We offer a model termed probabilistic configuration transition systems, whose states are configurations composed of a pair of a PKAT expression and a data-state. To determine the transition relation in the model, we define an operational semantics for PKAT, and establish a probabilistic bisimulation equivalence relation in PKAT. The soundness of the equations of PKAT is validated with respect to the bisimulation, to find equivalences without calculating the actual bisimulation relation.

2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2008

Non-classical computation slicing is an abstraction mechanism for pruning state space and it play... more Non-classical computation slicing is an abstraction mechanism for pruning state space and it plays an important role in tackling state explosion problem in predicate detection. This paper shows that the slicing technique based on prime event structures can improve the expressiveness of that abstract method and extend its application scope greatly. We introduce the slicing idea into the area of

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2013

IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 2006

Facing the great challenges from various changes, the traditional enterprise information system i... more Facing the great challenges from various changes, the traditional enterprise information system is becoming obsolescent. The timely response to market changes has become the competitive advantage. In this paper, business component-based development of modem enterprise information system is studied. Based on the business component and its technology, business component-based software development process is proposed. A clustering algorithm is used to identify the business components from requirement model and a rules library is used to assemble the business components to a business application. Component-based hierarchy architecture of enterprise information system is established, which are software infrastructure layer, middleware container layer, business entity layer, business process layer and application interface layer. The business component-based enterprise information system has the rapid reconfigurability, reusability and extensibility to adapt itself to the changes of business environment.

2008 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, 2008

Based on PSO-BP optimal algorithm an evolutionary neural network model is presented to improve th... more Based on PSO-BP optimal algorithm an evolutionary neural network model is presented to improve the measurement accuracy with microwave resonant. Firstly, the global search ability and rate-displacement model of the PSO algorithm are used to follow the current instance dynamically and modulate its search strategy. And then BP local searching ability which avoids oscillating near the optimal solution or suboptimal

2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, 2008

... 2 2 1 1 + − + −− sFsF sF sF sFsF sF sF ... trts M sF M sF V sysy V sxsx ... REFERENCES [1] MC... more ... 2 2 1 1 + − + −− sFsF sF sF sFsF sF sF ... trts M sF M sF V sysy V sxsx ... REFERENCES [1] MC Leu, H. Wong, Z. Ji, “Planning of component placement/insertion sequence and feeder setup in PCB assembly using genetic algorithm,” Journal of electronic packaging, vol. ...

Optical Measurement and Nondestructive Testing: Techniques and Applications, 2000

ABSTRACT

Separation and Purification Technology, 2014

ABSTRACT The integration of reaction and separation in one single process unit is generally more ... more ABSTRACT The integration of reaction and separation in one single process unit is generally more preferable than their application individually, which allows less energy consumption and environmental impacts. This work presents a novel practicable configuration of heat-integrated process based on reactive distillation that aims to reduce furthermore the energy requirements for tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) synthesis, leading to competitive operating costs. The optimal design flowsheet of heat-integrated with reactive distillation was obtained by minimizing the total annual cost (TAC) of this process. Simulation study was conducted to compare the heat-integrated scheme and conventional reactive distillation (CRD). The proposed technology was demonstrated to decrease the TAC which was 6.56% less than that of the CRD. The control strategy of this heat-integrated design was also developed. Only tray temperature control loop was needed to reject feed disturbances to maintain the quality of the products. Overall results demonstrate that the heat-integrated reactive distillation is a promising approach for TAME synthesis.

Materials Letters, 2012

The bimodal porous structured mesporous bioactive glass (MBG) materials consisting of macropores ... more The bimodal porous structured mesporous bioactive glass (MBG) materials consisting of macropores were prepared using the natural Mediterranean sea sponge as macropored hard templates and P123 as mesopore soft templates, respectively. The macroporous structures of the natural Mediterranean sea sponge as macropored were replicated with the walls containing highly ordered MBG as well. Dexamethasone (DEX) was employed as a model drug and the release profiles showed that the dual porous materials had a sustained drug delivery capability. In addition, the materials had higher ability to induce hydroxycarbonate apatite (HAp) formation. Therefore, such highly ordered dual pore MBG materials might be used as a bioactive drug release system for preparation of bone implant materials.

Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, 2011

Error tolerant backbone resonance assignment is the cornerstone of the NMR structure determinatio... more Error tolerant backbone resonance assignment is the cornerstone of the NMR structure determination process. Although a variety of assignment approaches have been developed, none works sufficiently well on noisy fully automatically picked peaks to enable the subsequent automatic structure determination steps. We have designed an integer linear programming (ILP) based assignment system (IPASS) that has enabled fully automatic protein structure determination for four test proteins. IPASS employs probabilistic spin system typing based on chemical shifts and secondary structure predictions. Furthermore, IPASS extracts connectivity information from the inter-residue information and the (automatically picked) 15 N-edited NOESY peaks which are then used to fix reliable fragments. When applied to automatically picked peaks for real proteins, IPASS achieves an average precision and recall of 82% and 63%, respectively. In contrast, the next best method, MARS, achieves an average precision and recall of 77% and 36%, respectively. The assignments generated by IPASS are then fed into our protein structure calculation system, FALCON-NMR, to determine the 3D structures without human intervention. The final models have backbone RMSDs of 1.25Å, 0.88Å, 1.49Å, and 0.67Å to the reference native structures for proteins TM1112, CASKIN, VRAR, and HACS1, respectively. The web server is publicly available at http://monod.uwaterloo.ca/nmr/ipass. 15 16 B. Alipanahi et al. Error Tolerant NMR Resonance Assignment 17

Proceedings of International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service - ICIMCS '14, 2014

In this paper, we propose a novel single image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction framework bas... more In this paper, we propose a novel single image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction framework based on artificial neural network (ANN) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The ANN is used for SR reconstruction, and the GPR is used for correction. The new framework combines multiple reconstruction approaches including deep learning and sparse representation from a local dictionary. The main contribution is enhancing the reconstruction performance utilizing the image compressed features with respect to other state of art single image SR approaches in terms of both visual perception and quantitative assessment.

Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 2009

This paper links the multipath smart antenna CDMA system signal detection problem to the PARAllel... more This paper links the multipath smart antenna CDMA system signal detection problem to the PARAllel profiles with LINear Dependencies (PARALIND), and derives a deterministic blind PARALIND algorithm whose performance is very close to nonblind space-time minimum mean square error (ST-MMSE) method. The blind PARALIND algorithm has the better performance than spacetime matched filter. The proposed PARALIND algorithm also works well in array error condition. Most notably, it does not require knowledge of the DOA (Direction Of Arrival) and channel fading information.

2008 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, 2008

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a real-time, low power, and wireless embedded stereo vision sy... more ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a real-time, low power, and wireless embedded stereo vision system. The system con-sists of WiCa board (Wireless Camera board) and the meth-ods developed using a smart camera processor, IC3D. IC3D is an SIMD video-analysis processor that has 320 processor elements. The proposed auto-rectification method is suit-able for a parallel stereo system like WiCa. It is based on the matching of a planar background. After rectifica-tion, the two images of the background are coincident with each other, i.e., both the vertical and horizontal disparity of the background plane is removed. Then a dense matching method is implemented to achieve the depth map of the fore-ground object. Left-to-right checking and reliability check-ing is applied to reduce the error of the estimated depth. The system runs at 30fps and handles disparity up to 37 pixels in CIF (320x240 pixels) mode.

High-Power Lasers and Applications VI, 2012

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007

Abstract. The best known algorithm computes the sensitivity of a given spaced seed on a random re... more Abstract. The best known algorithm computes the sensitivity of a given spaced seed on a random region with running time O((M+L)jBj), where M is the length of the seed, L is the length of the random region, and jBj is the size of seed-compatible-su‐x set, which is exponential to the number,of 0’s in the seed. We developed two algorithms to

2006 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, 2006

In this paper, we address the problem of entropy-based clustering in the framework of possibility... more In this paper, we address the problem of entropy-based clustering in the framework of possibility theory. First, we introduce the possibilistic entropy with brief discussion. Then we develop the possibilistic entropy theory for clustering analysis and investigate the general Possibilistic Entropy Clustering (PEC) problems, based on which a Fully Unsupervised Possibilistic Entropy Clustering (FUPEC) algorithm is elaborated in detail with the following advantages: (1) having clearer physical meaning and well-defined mathematical features; (2) automatically determining the number of the clusters; (3) automatically controlling the resolution parameter during the clustering progress; (4) overcoming the sensitivity to initialization and to the noise and outliers. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of this novel algorithm with various examples.

International journal of molecular medicine, 2013

The aim of this study was to further confirm that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GD... more The aim of this study was to further confirm that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts a neuro-protective effect on dopaminergic neurons (DAs) and to investigate the protective mechanism. Cadherins are calcium-dependent adhesion proteins, and N-cadherins are found in neurons. Our study attempted to ascertain whether GDNF activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through the mediation of N-cadherin to confer a protective effect on DAs. Flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining results indicated that the apoptosis rate of damaged neurocytes increased following interference of N-cadherin expression. Immunoblotting results demonstrated that the amount of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the cytoplasm decreased, while the total Akt quantity remained unchanged following interference of N-cadherin expression. The immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that the levels of total N-cadherin, phosphorylated N-cadherin (Tyr860) and p-Akt decreased; however, the amount...

Journal of ovarian research, 2014

A new technique has successfully established the non-obese diabetic/severely combined immunodefic... more A new technique has successfully established the non-obese diabetic/severely combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mouse model of ovarian cancer. Under 4% chloral hydrate (0.1 mL/g dose) anesthesia, female mice were inoculated with tumor-cell suspension. The expression rate of OVCAR3 to CA125 was assessed using flow cytometry. The inoculated site was hand palpated and the signs and symptoms related to tumor growth were observed with the naked eye. The allophycocyanin (APC) indirectly labeled mouse-antihuman CA125 and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled anti-mouse MHC Class I molecule (H-2K(d)/H-2D(d)) were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The animal model of ovarian cancer constructed using this method can more directly reflect the characteristics of cancer cells. It provides reliable experimental results and presents a technical platform for the research of ovarian cancer stem cells.

Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2014

We introduce an approach exploiting the power of polynomial ring algebra to perform SystemVerilog... more We introduce an approach exploiting the power of polynomial ring algebra to perform SystemVerilog assertion verification over digital circuit systems. This method is based on Groebner bases theory and sequential properties checking. We define a constrained subset of SVAs so that an efficient polynomial modeling mechanism for both circuit descriptions and assertions can be applied. We present an algorithm framework based on the algebraic representations using Groebner bases for concurrent SVAs checking. Case studies show that computer algebra can provide canonical symbolic representations for both assertions and circuit designs and can act as a novel solver engine from the viewpoint of symbolic computation.

2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation, 2008

2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2008

Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) is a prominent specification language used for formalizing the be... more Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) is a prominent specification language used for formalizing the behavior of non-deterministic structured programs generally called regular programs. Regular programs with probabilistic information have richer and more powerful expressiveness than normal regular programs. However, KAT is incapable of specifying such recently widely used programs. We construct a complete theory of probabilistic Kleene algebra with tests (PKAT) for reasoning about regular programs with probability. We offer a model termed probabilistic configuration transition systems, whose states are configurations composed of a pair of a PKAT expression and a data-state. To determine the transition relation in the model, we define an operational semantics for PKAT, and establish a probabilistic bisimulation equivalence relation in PKAT. The soundness of the equations of PKAT is validated with respect to the bisimulation, to find equivalences without calculating the actual bisimulation relation.

2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2008

Non-classical computation slicing is an abstraction mechanism for pruning state space and it play... more Non-classical computation slicing is an abstraction mechanism for pruning state space and it plays an important role in tackling state explosion problem in predicate detection. This paper shows that the slicing technique based on prime event structures can improve the expressiveness of that abstract method and extend its application scope greatly. We introduce the slicing idea into the area of

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2013

IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 2006

Facing the great challenges from various changes, the traditional enterprise information system i... more Facing the great challenges from various changes, the traditional enterprise information system is becoming obsolescent. The timely response to market changes has become the competitive advantage. In this paper, business component-based development of modem enterprise information system is studied. Based on the business component and its technology, business component-based software development process is proposed. A clustering algorithm is used to identify the business components from requirement model and a rules library is used to assemble the business components to a business application. Component-based hierarchy architecture of enterprise information system is established, which are software infrastructure layer, middleware container layer, business entity layer, business process layer and application interface layer. The business component-based enterprise information system has the rapid reconfigurability, reusability and extensibility to adapt itself to the changes of business environment.

2008 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, 2008

Based on PSO-BP optimal algorithm an evolutionary neural network model is presented to improve th... more Based on PSO-BP optimal algorithm an evolutionary neural network model is presented to improve the measurement accuracy with microwave resonant. Firstly, the global search ability and rate-displacement model of the PSO algorithm are used to follow the current instance dynamically and modulate its search strategy. And then BP local searching ability which avoids oscillating near the optimal solution or suboptimal

2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, 2008

... 2 2 1 1 + − + −− sFsF sF sF sFsF sF sF ... trts M sF M sF V sysy V sxsx ... REFERENCES [1] MC... more ... 2 2 1 1 + − + −− sFsF sF sF sFsF sF sF ... trts M sF M sF V sysy V sxsx ... REFERENCES [1] MC Leu, H. Wong, Z. Ji, “Planning of component placement/insertion sequence and feeder setup in PCB assembly using genetic algorithm,” Journal of electronic packaging, vol. ...