Leo Cohen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Leo Cohen
Sexuality, aggression, and mood were investigated in 14 presurgical maleto-female transsexuals, u... more Sexuality, aggression, and mood were investigated in 14 presurgical maleto-female transsexuals, undergoing antiandrogenic treatment with anandron, a pure antiandrogen. Subjects were given a test battery the morning prior to treatment onset and after 8 weeks o f treatment. In addition they were requested to eomplete daily forms eoncerned with sexual behavior and mood. Morning ereetions and the frequency o f thoughts and fantasies about sex decreased after anandron intake. Aggressive fee#ngs were uncorrelated with testosterone level. Moods such as level o f energy, feelings o f relaxation, fatigue, and feelings o f tension and anxiety appeared to fluctuate more as a consequence o f anandron intake than did moods such as cheerful, sociable and friendly, gloomy and unhappy, irritated and changeable. The latter remained at a constant level.
Psychol Health, 1997
Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality a... more Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality are reviewed. Persons who were assessed to be type A before or shortly after infarction appear not to be at greater risk for death or recurrent cardiac morbidity in the first years subsequent to infarction. In fact they may enjoy lower risk. Persons who show large
J Abnormal Child Psychol, 1978
The hypothesis that hyperkinetic children are stimulus-governed was tested. In a sample of 39 non... more The hypothesis that hyperkinetic children are stimulus-governed was tested. In a sample of 39 nonmedicated hyperkinetic boys 26 were found to be stimulusgoverned. In a control sample of 20 nonmedicated boys 6 were found to be stimulus-governed. A n association was found between the hyperkinetic syndrome and stimulus-governance. The hypothesis is raised that response to methylphenidate is related to stimulus-governance. Several issues raised by the research are discussed.
Child Abuse Neglect, 1995
A revised version of the three-factor theory of child abuse (Lesnik-Oberstein, Cohen, &am... more A revised version of the three-factor theory of child abuse (Lesnik-Oberstein, Cohen, & Koers, 1982) is presented. Further, we report on a research designed to test three main hypotheses derived from Factor I (1) (a high level of hostility in abusive parents) and its sources. The three main hypotheses are: (1) that psychologically abusive mothers have a high level of hostile feelings (Factor I); (2) that the high level of hostile feelings in abusive mothers is associated with low marital coping skills (resulting in affectionless, violent marriages), a negative childhood upbringing (punitive, uncaring, over controlling), a high level of stress (objective stress), and a high level of strain (low self-esteem, depression, neurotic symptoms, social anxiety, feelings of being wronged); and (3) that maternal psychological child abuse is associated with low marital coping skills, a negative childhood upbringing, a high level of stress and a high level of strain. Forty-four psychologically abusing mothers were compared with 128 nonabusing mothers on a variety of measures and were matched for age and educational level. All the mothers had children who were hospitalized for medical symptoms. The three hypotheses were supported, with the exception of the component of hypothesis 2 concerning the association between objective stress and maternal hostility. The positive results are consistent with the three-factor theory.
Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 1999
Responsiveness was measured in a number of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments amo... more Responsiveness was measured in a number of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments among which two generic (SF-36 and COOP/WONCA Charts) and one disease-specific instrument, the Disability & Impact Profile (DIP). Subjects were 162 multiple sclerosis patients. The following responsiveness indices were used: effect size, standardised response mean and smallest real difference (SRD). The latter measure gives an indication of the magnitude of real change, i.e. change not attributable to 'noise' or 'error' and can thus be used for the interpretation of change scores in clinical practice whereby change scores larger than the SRD value indicate real change. It is assumed that low SRD values indicate high responsiveness. The results confirmed our expectation that the effect size and standardised response mean are probably less suitable for use in slowly progressive diseases, since they use the average change as the numerator. Therefore, the article focused on the ...
The British journal of medical psychology, 1998
Psychological functioning in two types of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is assessed: primary p... more Psychological functioning in two types of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is assessed: primary progressive (PP) and secondary progressive (SP) patients. On the basis of differences in clinical course and underlying pathology we hypothesized that primary progressive patients and secondary progressive patients might have different psychological functioning. Seventy patients treated in an MS centre were examined cross-sectionally. Forty had an SP course of MS and 30 a PP course. The 33 male and 37 female patients had a mean age of 48.4 years (SD 11.2) and mean age of onset of MS of 30.7 years (SD 11.1). Patients completed questionnaires measuring among others the following aspects of psychological functioning: depression (BDI, SCL-90), anxiety (STAI, SCL-90), agoraphobia (SCL-90), somatic complaints (SCL-90), hostility (SCL-90) and attitude towards handicap (GHAS). Patients with a PP-MS scored significantly better on 5 out of 14 subscales than patients with SP-MS (p < .05). On the ...
Archives of sexual behavior, 2002
The Rorschach Comprehensive System was used to assess postoperative psychological functioning in ... more The Rorschach Comprehensive System was used to assess postoperative psychological functioning in transsexuals who applied for sex reassignment in adolescence. We investigated a group of 22 consecutive adolescent transsexuals, who were otherwise psychologically well adapted. Nineteen subjects provided valid Rorschach protocols before and after sex reassignment. The most notable change found was an increase in X + %, reflecting a decrease in both distorted perception and idiosyncratic perception. Little support was found for the idea of major psychological deterioration for the patients as a group. Rather, the results suggest stability in psychological functioning over time. The Rorschach findings are consistent with questionnaire data from earlier studies, with the exception that the Rorschach data may point to some improvement in reality testing.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984
... Max Lesnik-Oberstein Department of Psychiatry Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Ne... more ... Max Lesnik-Oberstein Department of Psychiatry Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ... Assortative mating, the tendency of like to marry like, has been found for several char-acteristics, such as intelligence (Eysenck, 1974), social class (Nye & Berardo ...
Rorschachiana: Journal of the International Society for the Rorschach, 1993
From the 1940's through the beginning of the 1960's, a psychological investigation in the Netherl... more From the 1940's through the beginning of the 1960's, a psychological investigation in the Netherlands consisted in principal of three parts: an investigation of intelligence (for instance by means of the WAIS); an assessment of personality (very often the MMPI); and a projective technique (very often the Rorschach). These test results together with the case history were the most important resources for writing a psychological report. At this time the psychological report was incomplete if it did not contain the results of the Rorschach test. The leading theoretical orientations of the Dutch psychologists were phenomenological, humanistic, and to a smaller extent psychoanalytic. In this tradition the Rorschach was used as an instrument to assess the unique human psychological characteristics.
Psychology & Health, 1998
In the present study. 83 lower- to upper-middle class mothers of first-born, 12-month-old infants... more In the present study. 83 lower- to upper-middle class mothers of first-born, 12-month-old infants were interviewed with the Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, and Main, 1985), and completed the Groninger Intelligence Test (Luteijn and Van der Ploeg, 1982). Eighteen months after the beginning of the study, 67 mothers (81% of the original sample) were interviewed with the Structured Interview (Rosenman,
Psychology & Health, 1997
Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality a... more Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality are reviewed. Persons who were assessed to be type A before or shortly after infarction appear not to be at greater risk for death or recurrent cardiac morbidity in the first years subsequent to infarction. In fact they may enjoy lower risk. Persons who show large
Psychological Reports, 1995
In a study of preconditions of responsiveness, we examined the variances obtained by two differen... more In a study of preconditions of responsiveness, we examined the variances obtained by two different ways of responding to questionnaire items. Subjects were 168 first-year medical students. They all completed a questionnaire of nine items. The original Liken-like scoring was (partially) replaced by visual analogue scoring in three quarters of the questionnaires. For three items the analogue form had a significantly greater variance than the discrete form, but no discrete item had a significantly greater variance than its analogue counterpart. Assuming that a greater variance was indicative for a greater responsiveness, our findings provide some support for the preferred use of analogue scales over discrete response categories in the measurement of changes over time.
Psychological Reports, 1994
Various hypotheses have been proposed concerning the attributional styles of depressive and nonde... more Various hypotheses have been proposed concerning the attributional styles of depressive and nondepressive persons. Some hypotheses are compatible with others; some are mutually exclusive. In this paper we present a scheme for organizing these hypotheses. A method is offered for deciding which hypothesis best fits data from samples which are heterogeneous with regard to extent of depression. The concepts reviewed include "self-serving bias," "counter-self-serving bias," "evenhandedness," "depressive lower self-enhancement," "counter-defensive attribution," the "Abramson, et al. hypothesis" that depressed persons attribute events with bad outcomes more to internal, stable, and global causes than do nondepressed persons, and the "Seligman, et al. hypothesis" that depressed persons attribute events of good outcome less to these causes than do nondepressed persons.
Psychological Reports, 1996
Using Dutch adaptations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Scale, Zung Depre... more Using Dutch adaptations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Scale, Zung Depression Scale, and Life Orientation Test, we attempted to identify which patients recovering in the hospital from acute myocardial infarctions required and would accept psychological care. Of 63 patients who completed the relevant questionnaires, 9 required and accepted psychological care and 6 of these were correctly predicted by the criteria (sensitivity = .67). Of the 54 patients not classified as requiring and accepting psychological care, 49 were correctly predicted (specificity = .90; efficiency = .87). Noncompletion (n = 7) was positively associated with classification as requiring and accepting psychological care. An easy to administer brief questionnaire may help identify those patients with a recent myocardial infarction who, in the opinion of mental health care professionals, require and accept psychological care.
Psychological Reports, 1999
Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are increasingly used in international st... more Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are increasingly used in international studies of medical effectiveness. It is important to know if data from these instruments are comparable across countries. We initiated a collaboration among five research groups--from the USA, The Netherlands, Belgium, France, and the UK--in the field of health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis. All groups used the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. The goal of our study was to make a cross-cultural comparison. In the five countries under study the sample size varied from 50 to 134 patients with multiple sclerosis. The survey was completed by a total of 457 patients, who were heterogeneous in relation to age, duration of illness, severity and type of multiple sclerosis. There appeared to be major differences among the samples in scores on each of the eight scales. These findings may be influenced by differences in method of recruitment, demographic and disease-related characteristics, administration, and cultural factors. After having performed a number of analyses, it appeared that the differences were mainly attributable to sampling effects; however, cultural influences could not be excluded.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1989
... plc ATTRIBUTIONAL ASYMMETRIES IN RELATION TO DYSPHORIA AND SELFESTEEM LEO COHEN*, JAN VAN DEN... more ... plc ATTRIBUTIONAL ASYMMETRIES IN RELATION TO DYSPHORIA AND SELFESTEEM LEO COHEN*, JAN VAN DEN ... the depression scales agree with those found in a study by van den Bout, Cohen ... agrees with the value given in the VROPSOM manual (van Rooijen, 1977). ...
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1987
According to a 1983 model proposed by Levy, anxiety, dysphoria, and a critical attitude are assoc... more According to a 1983 model proposed by Levy, anxiety, dysphoria, and a critical attitude are associated with greater left- than right-hemisphere activity, while optimism and uncritical evaluations correlate with stronger right- than left-hemisphere activity. A dichotic-listening task and a set of personality questionnaires were administered to 150 students in psychology. The personality measures included Dutch versions of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, the Sensation-seeking Scale V and a brief MMPI. Correlations between the extent of left-hemisphere reliance as measured by a right-ear advantage score on the dichotic-listening task and the various personality measures were computed, forming a test of some aspects of Levy's (1983) model. If performance on a dichotic-listening task reflects hemispheric reliance then we found little evidence, on the whole, to support Levy's model.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1998
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease which can cause a variety of symptoms (motor... more Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease which can cause a variety of symptoms (motor and sensory impairment, visual problems, bladder and bowel problems, sexual dysfunction, and decline in cognitive function). Both the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36, a generic questionnaire regarding health-related quality of life, and the Disability and Impact Profile, a similar questionnaire developed for people with chronic diseases, are used regularly to assess patients with multiple sclerosis. Over a 6-mo. interval 187 patients with multiple sclerosis completed these questionnaires twice. Internal consistency of both questionnaires at Times 1 and 2 was .60 or above for all eight scales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form—36 and five scales of the Disability and Impact Profile. Estimates of test-retest reliability for three scales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form—36 were below .60, but for all scales of the Disability and Impact Profile were .60 or higher. The two qu...
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1991
An article which appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2: 259–274, on the Rorschach and PT... more An article which appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2: 259–274, on the Rorschach and PTSD, is criticized on methodological and general scholarly grounds. Special focus was given to the authors&amp;amp;amp;#39; treatment of Rorschach protocols and Rorschach data. The scientific contributions of the study are reviewed.
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1992
Our critique of van der Kolk and Ducey&amp;amp;amp;#39;s (1989) article pointed out a num... more Our critique of van der Kolk and Ducey&amp;amp;amp;#39;s (1989) article pointed out a number of errors and shortcomings (Cohen and de Ruiter, 1991). The authors have responded to our critique (Ducey and van der Kolk, 1991). Our reply consists of three sections. First we will review Ducey and van der Kolk&amp;amp;amp;#39;s response and focus on the validity of our original
Sexuality, aggression, and mood were investigated in 14 presurgical maleto-female transsexuals, u... more Sexuality, aggression, and mood were investigated in 14 presurgical maleto-female transsexuals, undergoing antiandrogenic treatment with anandron, a pure antiandrogen. Subjects were given a test battery the morning prior to treatment onset and after 8 weeks o f treatment. In addition they were requested to eomplete daily forms eoncerned with sexual behavior and mood. Morning ereetions and the frequency o f thoughts and fantasies about sex decreased after anandron intake. Aggressive fee#ngs were uncorrelated with testosterone level. Moods such as level o f energy, feelings o f relaxation, fatigue, and feelings o f tension and anxiety appeared to fluctuate more as a consequence o f anandron intake than did moods such as cheerful, sociable and friendly, gloomy and unhappy, irritated and changeable. The latter remained at a constant level.
Psychol Health, 1997
Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality a... more Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality are reviewed. Persons who were assessed to be type A before or shortly after infarction appear not to be at greater risk for death or recurrent cardiac morbidity in the first years subsequent to infarction. In fact they may enjoy lower risk. Persons who show large
J Abnormal Child Psychol, 1978
The hypothesis that hyperkinetic children are stimulus-governed was tested. In a sample of 39 non... more The hypothesis that hyperkinetic children are stimulus-governed was tested. In a sample of 39 nonmedicated hyperkinetic boys 26 were found to be stimulusgoverned. In a control sample of 20 nonmedicated boys 6 were found to be stimulus-governed. A n association was found between the hyperkinetic syndrome and stimulus-governance. The hypothesis is raised that response to methylphenidate is related to stimulus-governance. Several issues raised by the research are discussed.
Child Abuse Neglect, 1995
A revised version of the three-factor theory of child abuse (Lesnik-Oberstein, Cohen, &am... more A revised version of the three-factor theory of child abuse (Lesnik-Oberstein, Cohen, &amp;amp; Koers, 1982) is presented. Further, we report on a research designed to test three main hypotheses derived from Factor I (1) (a high level of hostility in abusive parents) and its sources. The three main hypotheses are: (1) that psychologically abusive mothers have a high level of hostile feelings (Factor I); (2) that the high level of hostile feelings in abusive mothers is associated with low marital coping skills (resulting in affectionless, violent marriages), a negative childhood upbringing (punitive, uncaring, over controlling), a high level of stress (objective stress), and a high level of strain (low self-esteem, depression, neurotic symptoms, social anxiety, feelings of being wronged); and (3) that maternal psychological child abuse is associated with low marital coping skills, a negative childhood upbringing, a high level of stress and a high level of strain. Forty-four psychologically abusing mothers were compared with 128 nonabusing mothers on a variety of measures and were matched for age and educational level. All the mothers had children who were hospitalized for medical symptoms. The three hypotheses were supported, with the exception of the component of hypothesis 2 concerning the association between objective stress and maternal hostility. The positive results are consistent with the three-factor theory.
Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 1999
Responsiveness was measured in a number of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments amo... more Responsiveness was measured in a number of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments among which two generic (SF-36 and COOP/WONCA Charts) and one disease-specific instrument, the Disability & Impact Profile (DIP). Subjects were 162 multiple sclerosis patients. The following responsiveness indices were used: effect size, standardised response mean and smallest real difference (SRD). The latter measure gives an indication of the magnitude of real change, i.e. change not attributable to 'noise' or 'error' and can thus be used for the interpretation of change scores in clinical practice whereby change scores larger than the SRD value indicate real change. It is assumed that low SRD values indicate high responsiveness. The results confirmed our expectation that the effect size and standardised response mean are probably less suitable for use in slowly progressive diseases, since they use the average change as the numerator. Therefore, the article focused on the ...
The British journal of medical psychology, 1998
Psychological functioning in two types of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is assessed: primary p... more Psychological functioning in two types of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is assessed: primary progressive (PP) and secondary progressive (SP) patients. On the basis of differences in clinical course and underlying pathology we hypothesized that primary progressive patients and secondary progressive patients might have different psychological functioning. Seventy patients treated in an MS centre were examined cross-sectionally. Forty had an SP course of MS and 30 a PP course. The 33 male and 37 female patients had a mean age of 48.4 years (SD 11.2) and mean age of onset of MS of 30.7 years (SD 11.1). Patients completed questionnaires measuring among others the following aspects of psychological functioning: depression (BDI, SCL-90), anxiety (STAI, SCL-90), agoraphobia (SCL-90), somatic complaints (SCL-90), hostility (SCL-90) and attitude towards handicap (GHAS). Patients with a PP-MS scored significantly better on 5 out of 14 subscales than patients with SP-MS (p < .05). On the ...
Archives of sexual behavior, 2002
The Rorschach Comprehensive System was used to assess postoperative psychological functioning in ... more The Rorschach Comprehensive System was used to assess postoperative psychological functioning in transsexuals who applied for sex reassignment in adolescence. We investigated a group of 22 consecutive adolescent transsexuals, who were otherwise psychologically well adapted. Nineteen subjects provided valid Rorschach protocols before and after sex reassignment. The most notable change found was an increase in X + %, reflecting a decrease in both distorted perception and idiosyncratic perception. Little support was found for the idea of major psychological deterioration for the patients as a group. Rather, the results suggest stability in psychological functioning over time. The Rorschach findings are consistent with questionnaire data from earlier studies, with the exception that the Rorschach data may point to some improvement in reality testing.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984
... Max Lesnik-Oberstein Department of Psychiatry Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Ne... more ... Max Lesnik-Oberstein Department of Psychiatry Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ... Assortative mating, the tendency of like to marry like, has been found for several char-acteristics, such as intelligence (Eysenck, 1974), social class (Nye & Berardo ...
Rorschachiana: Journal of the International Society for the Rorschach, 1993
From the 1940's through the beginning of the 1960's, a psychological investigation in the Netherl... more From the 1940's through the beginning of the 1960's, a psychological investigation in the Netherlands consisted in principal of three parts: an investigation of intelligence (for instance by means of the WAIS); an assessment of personality (very often the MMPI); and a projective technique (very often the Rorschach). These test results together with the case history were the most important resources for writing a psychological report. At this time the psychological report was incomplete if it did not contain the results of the Rorschach test. The leading theoretical orientations of the Dutch psychologists were phenomenological, humanistic, and to a smaller extent psychoanalytic. In this tradition the Rorschach was used as an instrument to assess the unique human psychological characteristics.
Psychology & Health, 1998
In the present study. 83 lower- to upper-middle class mothers of first-born, 12-month-old infants... more In the present study. 83 lower- to upper-middle class mothers of first-born, 12-month-old infants were interviewed with the Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, and Main, 1985), and completed the Groninger Intelligence Test (Luteijn and Van der Ploeg, 1982). Eighteen months after the beginning of the study, 67 mothers (81% of the original sample) were interviewed with the Structured Interview (Rosenman,
Psychology & Health, 1997
Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality a... more Ten studies, involving a total of 5826 patients, on type A and post-infarct morbidity/mortality are reviewed. Persons who were assessed to be type A before or shortly after infarction appear not to be at greater risk for death or recurrent cardiac morbidity in the first years subsequent to infarction. In fact they may enjoy lower risk. Persons who show large
Psychological Reports, 1995
In a study of preconditions of responsiveness, we examined the variances obtained by two differen... more In a study of preconditions of responsiveness, we examined the variances obtained by two different ways of responding to questionnaire items. Subjects were 168 first-year medical students. They all completed a questionnaire of nine items. The original Liken-like scoring was (partially) replaced by visual analogue scoring in three quarters of the questionnaires. For three items the analogue form had a significantly greater variance than the discrete form, but no discrete item had a significantly greater variance than its analogue counterpart. Assuming that a greater variance was indicative for a greater responsiveness, our findings provide some support for the preferred use of analogue scales over discrete response categories in the measurement of changes over time.
Psychological Reports, 1994
Various hypotheses have been proposed concerning the attributional styles of depressive and nonde... more Various hypotheses have been proposed concerning the attributional styles of depressive and nondepressive persons. Some hypotheses are compatible with others; some are mutually exclusive. In this paper we present a scheme for organizing these hypotheses. A method is offered for deciding which hypothesis best fits data from samples which are heterogeneous with regard to extent of depression. The concepts reviewed include "self-serving bias," "counter-self-serving bias," "evenhandedness," "depressive lower self-enhancement," "counter-defensive attribution," the "Abramson, et al. hypothesis" that depressed persons attribute events with bad outcomes more to internal, stable, and global causes than do nondepressed persons, and the "Seligman, et al. hypothesis" that depressed persons attribute events of good outcome less to these causes than do nondepressed persons.
Psychological Reports, 1996
Using Dutch adaptations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Scale, Zung Depre... more Using Dutch adaptations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Scale, Zung Depression Scale, and Life Orientation Test, we attempted to identify which patients recovering in the hospital from acute myocardial infarctions required and would accept psychological care. Of 63 patients who completed the relevant questionnaires, 9 required and accepted psychological care and 6 of these were correctly predicted by the criteria (sensitivity = .67). Of the 54 patients not classified as requiring and accepting psychological care, 49 were correctly predicted (specificity = .90; efficiency = .87). Noncompletion (n = 7) was positively associated with classification as requiring and accepting psychological care. An easy to administer brief questionnaire may help identify those patients with a recent myocardial infarction who, in the opinion of mental health care professionals, require and accept psychological care.
Psychological Reports, 1999
Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are increasingly used in international st... more Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are increasingly used in international studies of medical effectiveness. It is important to know if data from these instruments are comparable across countries. We initiated a collaboration among five research groups--from the USA, The Netherlands, Belgium, France, and the UK--in the field of health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis. All groups used the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. The goal of our study was to make a cross-cultural comparison. In the five countries under study the sample size varied from 50 to 134 patients with multiple sclerosis. The survey was completed by a total of 457 patients, who were heterogeneous in relation to age, duration of illness, severity and type of multiple sclerosis. There appeared to be major differences among the samples in scores on each of the eight scales. These findings may be influenced by differences in method of recruitment, demographic and disease-related characteristics, administration, and cultural factors. After having performed a number of analyses, it appeared that the differences were mainly attributable to sampling effects; however, cultural influences could not be excluded.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1989
... plc ATTRIBUTIONAL ASYMMETRIES IN RELATION TO DYSPHORIA AND SELFESTEEM LEO COHEN*, JAN VAN DEN... more ... plc ATTRIBUTIONAL ASYMMETRIES IN RELATION TO DYSPHORIA AND SELFESTEEM LEO COHEN*, JAN VAN DEN ... the depression scales agree with those found in a study by van den Bout, Cohen ... agrees with the value given in the VROPSOM manual (van Rooijen, 1977). ...
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1987
According to a 1983 model proposed by Levy, anxiety, dysphoria, and a critical attitude are assoc... more According to a 1983 model proposed by Levy, anxiety, dysphoria, and a critical attitude are associated with greater left- than right-hemisphere activity, while optimism and uncritical evaluations correlate with stronger right- than left-hemisphere activity. A dichotic-listening task and a set of personality questionnaires were administered to 150 students in psychology. The personality measures included Dutch versions of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, the Sensation-seeking Scale V and a brief MMPI. Correlations between the extent of left-hemisphere reliance as measured by a right-ear advantage score on the dichotic-listening task and the various personality measures were computed, forming a test of some aspects of Levy's (1983) model. If performance on a dichotic-listening task reflects hemispheric reliance then we found little evidence, on the whole, to support Levy's model.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1998
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease which can cause a variety of symptoms (motor... more Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease which can cause a variety of symptoms (motor and sensory impairment, visual problems, bladder and bowel problems, sexual dysfunction, and decline in cognitive function). Both the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36, a generic questionnaire regarding health-related quality of life, and the Disability and Impact Profile, a similar questionnaire developed for people with chronic diseases, are used regularly to assess patients with multiple sclerosis. Over a 6-mo. interval 187 patients with multiple sclerosis completed these questionnaires twice. Internal consistency of both questionnaires at Times 1 and 2 was .60 or above for all eight scales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form—36 and five scales of the Disability and Impact Profile. Estimates of test-retest reliability for three scales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form—36 were below .60, but for all scales of the Disability and Impact Profile were .60 or higher. The two qu...
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1991
An article which appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2: 259–274, on the Rorschach and PT... more An article which appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2: 259–274, on the Rorschach and PTSD, is criticized on methodological and general scholarly grounds. Special focus was given to the authors&amp;amp;amp;#39; treatment of Rorschach protocols and Rorschach data. The scientific contributions of the study are reviewed.
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1992
Our critique of van der Kolk and Ducey&amp;amp;amp;#39;s (1989) article pointed out a num... more Our critique of van der Kolk and Ducey&amp;amp;amp;#39;s (1989) article pointed out a number of errors and shortcomings (Cohen and de Ruiter, 1991). The authors have responded to our critique (Ducey and van der Kolk, 1991). Our reply consists of three sections. First we will review Ducey and van der Kolk&amp;amp;amp;#39;s response and focus on the validity of our original