Nick Coleman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nick Coleman

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 1997

In this paper, Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is used to specify and verify the event processor EP... more In this paper, Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is used to specify and verify the event processor EP/3, which is a multi-threaded pipeline processor capable of executing parallel programs. We first give the high level specification of the EP/3 with emphasis on the interlock mechanism. The interlock mechanism is used in processor design especially for dealing with pipeline conflict problems. We prove that the specification satisfies certain safety and liveness properties. An advantage of ITL is that it has an executable part, i.e., we can simulate a specification before proving properties about it. This will help us to get the right specification.

1992 American Control Conference, Jun 24, 1992

Modern nonlinear servomechanism theory is adapted to cope with the hard nonlinearities inherent i... more Modern nonlinear servomechanism theory is adapted to cope with the hard nonlinearities inherent in the gun turret system. This is accomplished by approximating the backlash and Coulumb friction by well behaved functions, and then synthesizing a nonlinear controller based on the scheme of "feedback stabilization" and "feedforward steady state compensation". Simulations show that this controller is indeed effective in counteracting

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1992 to undertake the d... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1992 to undertake the development of Computer-Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK national Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware was developed using Authorware to run on the PC platform and by the end of the first phase of the project in 1995 over 150 hours of material had been produced. The material complemented traditional methods of teaching and learning such as lectures and tutorials and was primarily intended for use by students as a self-study learning aid. It could also be used for demonstration purposes within lectures, tutorials and laboratory sessions . Current work is focused on the embedding of educational technology within the electronic engineering curriculum and an evaluation of its effectiveness, including a cost-benefit analysis. At the same time the EDEC courseware is being adapted so that it can be launched from within a web-based delivery framework. The methodology that has been used to design curricula based on the EDEC courseware is presented and the criteria that have been used in the selection of teaching and learning methods are discussed. A technique for embedding live circuit simulations (using the SPICE simulator) into interactive web pages is also described.

Proceedings of the first Australasian conference on Computer science education - ACSE '96, 1996

Sensor-target and weapon-target pairings are important activities involved in planning and execut... more Sensor-target and weapon-target pairings are important activities involved in planning and executing a course-of-action in a modern warfare. The outcome of today's combat operations may strongly depend on the intelligent usage of available sensors and weapons maximizing their effectiveness. The problem can be considered as an assignment optimization problem in mathematics. This problem is difficult because in the real world

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2009

This article was submitted without an abstract, please refer to the full-text PDF file.

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the ... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the development of Computer -Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK nation al Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware

Proceedings of 4th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing, 1996

ITL and Tempura are used f o r respectively the formal speci cation and simulation of a large sca... more ITL and Tempura are used f o r respectively the formal speci cation and simulation of a large scale system, namely the general purpose multi-threaded dataow processor EP/3. This paper shows that this processor can be s p eci ed c oncisely within ITL and simulated with Tempura. But it also discusses some problems encountered during the speci cation and simulation, and indicates what should be a d d e d to solve those problems.

Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XIII, 2003

ABSTRACT We have developed a new microprocessor. In contrast to existing devices, which perform r... more ABSTRACT We have developed a new microprocessor. In contrast to existing devices, which perform real arithmetic using the floating-point system, the European Logarithmic Microprocessor uses the logarithmic number system for this purpose. This paper describes the ELM device, and compares its architecture with that of a conventional floating-point digital signal processor. We then illustrate the operation of both devices using an example from a class of recursive-least-squares algorithms. The results suggest that logarithmic arithmetic may be of particular benefit in applications with less regular processing patterns, e.g. in scalar or short vector code or triangular matrix processing, or where there is a preponderance of multiplications or significant use of division or square-root operations. These criteria appear to point to the more advanced digital adaptive filtering algorithms, and also to graphics applications. Results indicate that the logarithmic number system also offers an improvement in accuracy of around one bit.

Conference Record of Thirty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (Cat.No.01CH37256), 2001

In contrast to all other microprocessors, which use floating-point for their real arithmetic, the... more In contrast to all other microprocessors, which use floating-point for their real arithmetic, the European Logarithmic Microprocessor is the world's first device to use the logarithmic number system for this purpose. Simulation work has already suggested that this can deliver approximately twofold improvements in speed and accuracy. This paper describes the ELM device, and illustrates its operation using an example

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002

An introduction to a logarithmic number system (LNS) is presented. Range and precision of this ar... more An introduction to a logarithmic number system (LNS) is presented. Range and precision of this arithmetic is briefly discussed. We show that the LNS arithmetic is suitable for a FPGA implementation. A case study will compare parameters of our LNS arithmetic library to a ...

We present an implementation of a complete RLS Lattice and Normalised RLS Lattice cores for Virte... more We present an implementation of a complete RLS Lattice and Normalised RLS Lattice cores for Virtex. The cores accept 24-bit fixed point inputs and produce 24-bit fixed point prediction error. Internally, the computations are based on 32bit logarithmic arithmetic. On Virtex XCV2000E-6, it takes 22% and 27% of slices respectively and performs at 45 M Hz. The cores outperform (4-5 times) the standard DSP solution based on 32 bit floating point TM S320C3x/4x 50M Hz processors.

IEE Proceedings G (Electronic Circuits and Systems), 1987

ABSTRACT

IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2002

In this paper we present several implementations of the Modified A Priori Error-Feedback LSL (EF-... more In this paper we present several implementations of the Modified A Priori Error-Feedback LSL (EF-LSL) algorithm [1] on the VIRTEX FPGA. Its computational parallelism and pipelinabilty are important advantages. Internally, the computations are based on the logarithmic number system. We compare 32-bit (SINGLE-ALU or DUAL-ALU version) and 20-bit (QUADRI-ALU versions). We show that the LNS implementation can outperform the standard DSP solutions based on 32-bit floating-point processors.

Proceedings of the …, 2000

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the ... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the development of Computer -Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK nation al Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware

Liver Transplantation, 2005

occurs in virtually all patients transplanted for HCV-related liver disease, the outcome ranges f... more occurs in virtually all patients transplanted for HCV-related liver disease, the outcome ranges from minimal disease to the rapid development of cirrhosis. Induction of hepatocyte cell cycle entry followed by inhibition of cell cycle progression has been proposed as a potential mechanism whereby HCV may cause hepatocyte dysfunction and may promote fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess whether early hepatocyte cell cycle entry might predict subsequent fibrosis progression in patients with graft HCV infection after liver transplantation. Liver biopsies from 21 liver transplant recipients diagnostic of graft HCV infection but before development of significant fibrosis were studied. Patients were classed as nonprogressors, intermediate progressors, or rapid progressors according to the rate of fibrosis progression calculated from the most recent biopsy. Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (Mcm-2), a highly sensitive and specific marker of cell cycle entry, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Hepatocyte Mcm-2 expression increased significantly according to rate of fibrosis. For nonprogressors, the median percentage of positive hepatocytes was 5.3% (range, 0.92% -11.2%) compared with 20.7% (4.6% -43.7%) in intermediate progressors and 23.7% (11.6% -55.2%) in rapid progressors (P ‫؍‬ 0.002). By contrast, there was no evidence of a difference in hepatocyte p21 expression. Median values and ranges were 3.4% (range, 1.1%-30%), 13.3% (range, 1.4%-42.3%), and 11.8% (range, 7.6%-52.3%) for nonprogressors, intermediate progressors, and rapid progressors, respectively (P ‫؍‬ 0.11). In conclusion, hepatocyte cell cycle entry may be important in the pathogenesis of posttransplant HCV hepatitis. Early assessment of hepatocyte Mcm-2 expression could help identify patients at high risk for progressive fibrosis before it occurs. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:427-433.) Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; Mcm-2, minichromosome maintenance protein 2; LI, labeling index; OLT, orthotopic liver transplant.

The Journal of Pathology, 2003

An immunohistochemical method for assessing cell-cycle phase distribution in colorectal resection... more An immunohistochemical method for assessing cell-cycle phase distribution in colorectal resection specimens would enable phase data to be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms for the estimation of prognosis and response to adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. In contrast to flow cytometry, an immunohistochemical method would also allow the phase distribution to be examined within morphologically heterogeneous regions of neoplasms. Paraffin sections of normal colon (n = 25), colonic adenoma (n = 15), and colonic adenocarcinoma (n = 30) were analysed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against markers of cell-cycle entry, Mcm-2 and Ki67, and putative markers of the cell-cycle phase, cyclins D1 and E (putative markers of G1 phase), cyclin A (S phase), cytoplasmic cyclin B1 (G2 phase), and phosphohistone H3 (M phase). The phase specificity of each marker was assessed by examining the degree of co-expression of adjacent phase markers using double-antibody fluorescence confocal microscopy and by comparison with flow cytometric analysis performed on adjacent tissue sections. The S-phase specificity of detectable cyclin A was also assessed in combination with in situ DNA replication using fluorescence confocal microscopy. All cells expressing phase markers co-expressed Mcm-2. Adjacent phase markers were not significantly co-expressed, confirming the relative specificity of these markers in tissue sections of colon. Cell-cycle phase distribution, calculated by immunohistochemistry, compared well with phase analyses obtained by flow cytometry. No cells expressed cyclin A in the absence of active DNA replication. The S-phase labelling index, as defined by detectable cyclin A expression, showed a positive correlation with the Mcm-2 labelling index and increased in the progression from normal colon to adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, a combination of these cell-cycle phase markers can be used to calculate the distribution of cells throughout each phase of the cell cycle in colorectal tissue sections. Detectable cyclin A can be used as a surrogate marker of S phase and may be of value in predicting prognosis and response to adjuvant therapy.

Journal of Hepatology, 2006

Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for highly selected patients with hepatocellular ... more Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for highly selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but tumour recurrence remains an important cause of mortality. There are few data on the relation between the recurrence of HCC and lymphocytic infiltration following liver transplantation. The tumour CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and Foxp3+ lymphocyte infiltrate was assessed by immunohistochemistry in explant tissue of 69 patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC between 1985 and 2001. The data were analysed according to HCC recurrence and factors known to be associated with outcome. Tumour size (Hazard ratio (95% CI: 1.19 (1.02, 1.39), P = 0.03)), vascular invasion (P = 0.02), lymphocyte infiltration (P = 0.02) and CD4:CD8 ratio (P = 0.001) were identified as significant univariate predictors of tumour recurrence. On multivariate analysis CD4:8 ratio (P = 0.001), vascular invasion (P = 0.01), tumour size (P = 0.06) and reduced lymphocyte infiltration (P = 0.03) were significant independent predictors of recurrence. The presence of Foxp3+ T-lymphocytes was not predictive of recurrence, but was associated with vascular invasion (FE = 9.02, P = 0.04). The data support the hypothesis that immune responses are important in HCC and that the phenotype of infiltrating lymphocytes is informative regarding prognosis.

Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2007

International Journal of Systems Science, 1984

ABSTRACT

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 1997

In this paper, Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is used to specify and verify the event processor EP... more In this paper, Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is used to specify and verify the event processor EP/3, which is a multi-threaded pipeline processor capable of executing parallel programs. We first give the high level specification of the EP/3 with emphasis on the interlock mechanism. The interlock mechanism is used in processor design especially for dealing with pipeline conflict problems. We prove that the specification satisfies certain safety and liveness properties. An advantage of ITL is that it has an executable part, i.e., we can simulate a specification before proving properties about it. This will help us to get the right specification.

1992 American Control Conference, Jun 24, 1992

Modern nonlinear servomechanism theory is adapted to cope with the hard nonlinearities inherent i... more Modern nonlinear servomechanism theory is adapted to cope with the hard nonlinearities inherent in the gun turret system. This is accomplished by approximating the backlash and Coulumb friction by well behaved functions, and then synthesizing a nonlinear controller based on the scheme of "feedback stabilization" and "feedforward steady state compensation". Simulations show that this controller is indeed effective in counteracting

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1992 to undertake the d... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1992 to undertake the development of Computer-Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK national Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware was developed using Authorware to run on the PC platform and by the end of the first phase of the project in 1995 over 150 hours of material had been produced. The material complemented traditional methods of teaching and learning such as lectures and tutorials and was primarily intended for use by students as a self-study learning aid. It could also be used for demonstration purposes within lectures, tutorials and laboratory sessions . Current work is focused on the embedding of educational technology within the electronic engineering curriculum and an evaluation of its effectiveness, including a cost-benefit analysis. At the same time the EDEC courseware is being adapted so that it can be launched from within a web-based delivery framework. The methodology that has been used to design curricula based on the EDEC courseware is presented and the criteria that have been used in the selection of teaching and learning methods are discussed. A technique for embedding live circuit simulations (using the SPICE simulator) into interactive web pages is also described.

Proceedings of the first Australasian conference on Computer science education - ACSE '96, 1996

Sensor-target and weapon-target pairings are important activities involved in planning and execut... more Sensor-target and weapon-target pairings are important activities involved in planning and executing a course-of-action in a modern warfare. The outcome of today's combat operations may strongly depend on the intelligent usage of available sensors and weapons maximizing their effectiveness. The problem can be considered as an assignment optimization problem in mathematics. This problem is difficult because in the real world

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2009

This article was submitted without an abstract, please refer to the full-text PDF file.

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the ... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the development of Computer -Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK nation al Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware

Proceedings of 4th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing, 1996

ITL and Tempura are used f o r respectively the formal speci cation and simulation of a large sca... more ITL and Tempura are used f o r respectively the formal speci cation and simulation of a large scale system, namely the general purpose multi-threaded dataow processor EP/3. This paper shows that this processor can be s p eci ed c oncisely within ITL and simulated with Tempura. But it also discusses some problems encountered during the speci cation and simulation, and indicates what should be a d d e d to solve those problems.

Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XIII, 2003

ABSTRACT We have developed a new microprocessor. In contrast to existing devices, which perform r... more ABSTRACT We have developed a new microprocessor. In contrast to existing devices, which perform real arithmetic using the floating-point system, the European Logarithmic Microprocessor uses the logarithmic number system for this purpose. This paper describes the ELM device, and compares its architecture with that of a conventional floating-point digital signal processor. We then illustrate the operation of both devices using an example from a class of recursive-least-squares algorithms. The results suggest that logarithmic arithmetic may be of particular benefit in applications with less regular processing patterns, e.g. in scalar or short vector code or triangular matrix processing, or where there is a preponderance of multiplications or significant use of division or square-root operations. These criteria appear to point to the more advanced digital adaptive filtering algorithms, and also to graphics applications. Results indicate that the logarithmic number system also offers an improvement in accuracy of around one bit.

Conference Record of Thirty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (Cat.No.01CH37256), 2001

In contrast to all other microprocessors, which use floating-point for their real arithmetic, the... more In contrast to all other microprocessors, which use floating-point for their real arithmetic, the European Logarithmic Microprocessor is the world's first device to use the logarithmic number system for this purpose. Simulation work has already suggested that this can deliver approximately twofold improvements in speed and accuracy. This paper describes the ELM device, and illustrates its operation using an example

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002

An introduction to a logarithmic number system (LNS) is presented. Range and precision of this ar... more An introduction to a logarithmic number system (LNS) is presented. Range and precision of this arithmetic is briefly discussed. We show that the LNS arithmetic is suitable for a FPGA implementation. A case study will compare parameters of our LNS arithmetic library to a ...

We present an implementation of a complete RLS Lattice and Normalised RLS Lattice cores for Virte... more We present an implementation of a complete RLS Lattice and Normalised RLS Lattice cores for Virtex. The cores accept 24-bit fixed point inputs and produce 24-bit fixed point prediction error. Internally, the computations are based on 32bit logarithmic arithmetic. On Virtex XCV2000E-6, it takes 22% and 27% of slices respectively and performs at 45 M Hz. The cores outperform (4-5 times) the standard DSP solution based on 32 bit floating point TM S320C3x/4x 50M Hz processors.

IEE Proceedings G (Electronic Circuits and Systems), 1987

ABSTRACT

IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2002

In this paper we present several implementations of the Modified A Priori Error-Feedback LSL (EF-... more In this paper we present several implementations of the Modified A Priori Error-Feedback LSL (EF-LSL) algorithm [1] on the VIRTEX FPGA. Its computational parallelism and pipelinabilty are important advantages. Internally, the computations are based on the logarithmic number system. We compare 32-bit (SINGLE-ALU or DUAL-ALU version) and 20-bit (QUADRI-ALU versions). We show that the LNS implementation can outperform the standard DSP solutions based on 32-bit floating-point processors.

Proceedings of the …, 2000

A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the ... more A consortium of eight UK higher education institutions was established in 1 992 to undertake the development of Computer -Based Learning software for use in the teaching of electronic circuit and system design. Known collectively as the Electronic Design Education Consortium (EDEC) the consortium receives funding from the UK nation al Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). The EDEC courseware

Liver Transplantation, 2005

occurs in virtually all patients transplanted for HCV-related liver disease, the outcome ranges f... more occurs in virtually all patients transplanted for HCV-related liver disease, the outcome ranges from minimal disease to the rapid development of cirrhosis. Induction of hepatocyte cell cycle entry followed by inhibition of cell cycle progression has been proposed as a potential mechanism whereby HCV may cause hepatocyte dysfunction and may promote fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess whether early hepatocyte cell cycle entry might predict subsequent fibrosis progression in patients with graft HCV infection after liver transplantation. Liver biopsies from 21 liver transplant recipients diagnostic of graft HCV infection but before development of significant fibrosis were studied. Patients were classed as nonprogressors, intermediate progressors, or rapid progressors according to the rate of fibrosis progression calculated from the most recent biopsy. Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (Mcm-2), a highly sensitive and specific marker of cell cycle entry, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Hepatocyte Mcm-2 expression increased significantly according to rate of fibrosis. For nonprogressors, the median percentage of positive hepatocytes was 5.3% (range, 0.92% -11.2%) compared with 20.7% (4.6% -43.7%) in intermediate progressors and 23.7% (11.6% -55.2%) in rapid progressors (P ‫؍‬ 0.002). By contrast, there was no evidence of a difference in hepatocyte p21 expression. Median values and ranges were 3.4% (range, 1.1%-30%), 13.3% (range, 1.4%-42.3%), and 11.8% (range, 7.6%-52.3%) for nonprogressors, intermediate progressors, and rapid progressors, respectively (P ‫؍‬ 0.11). In conclusion, hepatocyte cell cycle entry may be important in the pathogenesis of posttransplant HCV hepatitis. Early assessment of hepatocyte Mcm-2 expression could help identify patients at high risk for progressive fibrosis before it occurs. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:427-433.) Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; Mcm-2, minichromosome maintenance protein 2; LI, labeling index; OLT, orthotopic liver transplant.

The Journal of Pathology, 2003

An immunohistochemical method for assessing cell-cycle phase distribution in colorectal resection... more An immunohistochemical method for assessing cell-cycle phase distribution in colorectal resection specimens would enable phase data to be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms for the estimation of prognosis and response to adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. In contrast to flow cytometry, an immunohistochemical method would also allow the phase distribution to be examined within morphologically heterogeneous regions of neoplasms. Paraffin sections of normal colon (n = 25), colonic adenoma (n = 15), and colonic adenocarcinoma (n = 30) were analysed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against markers of cell-cycle entry, Mcm-2 and Ki67, and putative markers of the cell-cycle phase, cyclins D1 and E (putative markers of G1 phase), cyclin A (S phase), cytoplasmic cyclin B1 (G2 phase), and phosphohistone H3 (M phase). The phase specificity of each marker was assessed by examining the degree of co-expression of adjacent phase markers using double-antibody fluorescence confocal microscopy and by comparison with flow cytometric analysis performed on adjacent tissue sections. The S-phase specificity of detectable cyclin A was also assessed in combination with in situ DNA replication using fluorescence confocal microscopy. All cells expressing phase markers co-expressed Mcm-2. Adjacent phase markers were not significantly co-expressed, confirming the relative specificity of these markers in tissue sections of colon. Cell-cycle phase distribution, calculated by immunohistochemistry, compared well with phase analyses obtained by flow cytometry. No cells expressed cyclin A in the absence of active DNA replication. The S-phase labelling index, as defined by detectable cyclin A expression, showed a positive correlation with the Mcm-2 labelling index and increased in the progression from normal colon to adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, a combination of these cell-cycle phase markers can be used to calculate the distribution of cells throughout each phase of the cell cycle in colorectal tissue sections. Detectable cyclin A can be used as a surrogate marker of S phase and may be of value in predicting prognosis and response to adjuvant therapy.

Journal of Hepatology, 2006

Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for highly selected patients with hepatocellular ... more Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for highly selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but tumour recurrence remains an important cause of mortality. There are few data on the relation between the recurrence of HCC and lymphocytic infiltration following liver transplantation. The tumour CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and Foxp3+ lymphocyte infiltrate was assessed by immunohistochemistry in explant tissue of 69 patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC between 1985 and 2001. The data were analysed according to HCC recurrence and factors known to be associated with outcome. Tumour size (Hazard ratio (95% CI: 1.19 (1.02, 1.39), P = 0.03)), vascular invasion (P = 0.02), lymphocyte infiltration (P = 0.02) and CD4:CD8 ratio (P = 0.001) were identified as significant univariate predictors of tumour recurrence. On multivariate analysis CD4:8 ratio (P = 0.001), vascular invasion (P = 0.01), tumour size (P = 0.06) and reduced lymphocyte infiltration (P = 0.03) were significant independent predictors of recurrence. The presence of Foxp3+ T-lymphocytes was not predictive of recurrence, but was associated with vascular invasion (FE = 9.02, P = 0.04). The data support the hypothesis that immune responses are important in HCC and that the phenotype of infiltrating lymphocytes is informative regarding prognosis.

Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2007

International Journal of Systems Science, 1984

ABSTRACT