Colin Scott - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Colin Scott
Anthropologica, 2018
In 1986, Anthropologica published a special issue on Algonquian Family Hunting Territories (FHT) ... more In 1986, Anthropologica published a special issue on Algonquian Family Hunting Territories (FHT) with diverse ethnographic research that overturned, grounded and reframed the earlier literature on the origins and the private-primitive communism property descriptions of Algonquian land tenure systems. The issue presented research developed with. for and in the emerging northern Indigenous political and legal struggles to continue to live on and govern their lands in the midst of rapid economic and state interventions. In this Introduction to the special issue, we provide a historical overview as well as a renewed framework for the analysis of Indigenous territoriality and governance which has been informed by the ways Algonquian peoples have continued to respond to the challenges they faced in the last thirty years. We describe the evolution of the Algonquian lives on the land and governance in the midst of resource exploitation and extraction, as well as important shifts within cont...
A few passages in this chapter have appeared previously in papers by the authors in a memorial to... more A few passages in this chapter have appeared previously in papers by the authors in a memorial to Richard F. Salisbury in the journal Culture, 10: 1 (1990). Feit’s contribution to that issue are available at: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23931. The chapter appears on this Repository with the permission of McGill University Libraries, 2019/03/29.
Aboriginal History Journal, 2011
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, Dec 31, 2016
Many have argued that monitoring conducted exclusively by scientists is insufficient to address o... more Many have argued that monitoring conducted exclusively by scientists is insufficient to address ongoing environmental challenges. One solution entails the use of mobile devices in broadly-applied participatory monitoring (PM) programs. But how digital data entry affects programs with varying levels of stakeholder participation, from volunteer data collectors to those entirely administered by non-scientists, remains unclear. We reviewed the successes, in terms of management interventions and sustainability, of 107 published programs and compared this analysis with case studies from our PM experiences in Australia, Canada, Ethiopia, Ghana, Greenland, and Vietnam. Our meta-analysis found participatory programs were less likely to use digital devices, while two of our three most participatory cases were also slow to adopt digital data entry. Published programs that were participatory and used digital devices were more likely to report management actions, an association shared with our E...
The Postcolonial Science and Technology Studies Reader, 2011
... One conclusion of earlier twentieth-century ethnography, in a line leading from Malinowski th... more ... One conclusion of earlier twentieth-century ethnography, in a line leading from Malinowski through Evans-Pritchard, is that in all societies (including Western civilization) practices dubbed" magical" and" mystical" coexist with rational/ empirical processes. ...
Oceania, 1999
We explore the relationship of 'home place' to tenure at Erub, where is... more We explore the relationship of 'home place' to tenure at Erub, where island, reef and ocean comprise a cultural and experiential continuum. Rights across a full spectrum of material/symbolic resources involve a dynamic tension between principles of exclusion and incorporative reciprocity. ...
The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien, 2012
Community-based conservation is experiencing a crisis of identity and purpose as a result of a di... more Community-based conservation is experiencing a crisis of identity and purpose as a result of a disappointing track record and unresolved deficiencies. The latter include oversimplified assumptions and misconceptions of "community," the imposition of externally designed and driven projects at the community level, a focus on conservation outcomes at the expense of community empowerment and social justice, and limited attention to participatory processes. New approaches are urgently needed to address these weaknesses and to counter a rising trend towards environmental protectionism and a preference for conservation approaches at an eco-regional scale that threaten the interests of local and Indigenous communities. We propose that three core principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR)-(1) community-defined research agenda; (2) collaborative research process; and (3) meaningful research outcomes-hold much promise. Drawing on the experience of a research partnership involving the James Bay Cree community of Wemindji, northern Quebec, and academic researchers from four Canadian universities, we document the process of applying these principles to a community-based conservation project that uses protected areas as a political strategy to redefine relations with governments in terms of a shared responsibility to care for land and sea. We suggest that basic assumptions of CBPR, including collaborative, equitable partnerships in all phases of the research, promotion of co-learning and capacity building among all partners, emphasis on local relevance, and commitment to long-term engagement, can provide the basis for a revamped phase of community-based conservation that supports environmental protection while strengthening local institutions, building capacity, and contributing to cultural survival.
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 1999
11 'LIBRARY a monograph 48 tiary Marine Tenure in Australia by Nicolas Peterson and Bruc... more 11 'LIBRARY a monograph 48 tiary Marine Tenure in Australia by Nicolas Peterson and Bruce Rigsby 06412 5451 358 6 3 ra Monographs Jennifer Alexander and Paul Alexander ir.il... Dcïrdre Koller ii mi ■> ii tu i к mi onoernlng buk numbari einbi obtained ftom pj n,i publli i 116D ...
... London: Routledge. Pp. 216-227. Brennan, Frank. 1993. Mabo and Its Implications for Aborigin... more ... London: Routledge. Pp. 216-227. Brennan, Frank. 1993. Mabo and Its Implications for Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. In MA Stephenson and Suri Ratnapala, eds. Mabo: A Judicial Revolution the Aboriginal Land Rights Decision and its Impact on Australian Law. ...
Ethnos, 2006
Abstract The multi-vocality of the black bear as a categoryin Cree hunting entails a melding of p... more Abstract The multi-vocality of the black bear as a categoryin Cree hunting entails a melding of practical-empiricalrationality with ethicaland 'spiritual'understandings. On one level of attention in the hunter's world, the bear functions as a postulate in indigenous scientific ...
Development and Change, 2000
This article uses two case studies to illustrate the subjection of indigenous peoples' marine ter... more This article uses two case studies to illustrate the subjection of indigenous peoples' marine territories to a`double jeopardy' of exclusion Ð jurisdictional and proprietary Ð through the legal and administrative practices of Europeaǹ settler' states in Australia and Canada. While the fiction of terra nullius as a legal rationale for refuting indigenous rights of property and governance has steadily eroded in recent decades, its counterpart mare nullius has proven, so far, more resistant. The authors examine how state conceptions of jurisdiction, property and boundary-making in coastal areas accomplish the distortion and fragmentation of the coastal and marine spaces of Torres Strait Islanders in northern Queensland, Australia, and of the Cree and Inuit peoples of James and Hudson Bays in northern Que bec, Canada. Assumptions of land±sea continuity underlie these peoples' cultural constructions of coastal and marine environments. In examining the progress that each has made in reasserting ownership and control of coast and sea, it seems that recognition and reinforcement of their institutions for managing marine spaces and resources offer the best prospect for reconnecting fractured jurisdictional domains, and for bringing about social equity, environmental protection, and self-determined regional development.
Anthropologica, 1986
Page 1. HUNTING TERRITORIES, HUNTING BOSSES AND COMMUNAL PRODUCTION AMONG COASTAL JAMES BAY CREE ... more Page 1. HUNTING TERRITORIES, HUNTING BOSSES AND COMMUNAL PRODUCTION AMONG COASTAL JAMES BAY CREE Colin Scott McGill Un7 versity Cet examen des differentes activites productives (chas se, trappe, peche) des Cris de la Baie James indique ...
American Indian Quarterly, 1984
Anthropologica
This article discusses the successes of the Crees of Eeyou Istchee in the continual negotiation a... more This article discusses the successes of the Crees of Eeyou Istchee in the continual negotiation and renegotiation of their treaty relationship with the Quebec and Canadian governments but also queries how arrangements reached during more than four decades of treaty relationship, charting a course of proliferating entanglements with resource-extractive capitalism and state administration, both express and diverge from the “community of life” relational ontology of Cree activity on the land. While the Crees of Eeyou Istchee have achieved important successes in negotiating economic equity and territorial self-government and have not allowed themselves to be trapped in a once-and-for-all “settlement” of their rights, their negotiations with the state and with corporate entities reward certain Cree interests and positions over others. Compromises have occurred and development pathways chosen that increasingly challenge those who maintain as political priorities the defence of ecological ...
Anthropologica, 2018
In 1986, Anthropologica published a special issue on Algonquian Family Hunting Territories (FHT) ... more In 1986, Anthropologica published a special issue on Algonquian Family Hunting Territories (FHT) with diverse ethnographic research that overturned, grounded and reframed the earlier literature on the origins and the private-primitive communism property descriptions of Algonquian land tenure systems. The issue presented research developed with. for and in the emerging northern Indigenous political and legal struggles to continue to live on and govern their lands in the midst of rapid economic and state interventions. In this Introduction to the special issue, we provide a historical overview as well as a renewed framework for the analysis of Indigenous territoriality and governance which has been informed by the ways Algonquian peoples have continued to respond to the challenges they faced in the last thirty years. We describe the evolution of the Algonquian lives on the land and governance in the midst of resource exploitation and extraction, as well as important shifts within cont...
A few passages in this chapter have appeared previously in papers by the authors in a memorial to... more A few passages in this chapter have appeared previously in papers by the authors in a memorial to Richard F. Salisbury in the journal Culture, 10: 1 (1990). Feit’s contribution to that issue are available at: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23931. The chapter appears on this Repository with the permission of McGill University Libraries, 2019/03/29.
Aboriginal History Journal, 2011
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, Dec 31, 2016
Many have argued that monitoring conducted exclusively by scientists is insufficient to address o... more Many have argued that monitoring conducted exclusively by scientists is insufficient to address ongoing environmental challenges. One solution entails the use of mobile devices in broadly-applied participatory monitoring (PM) programs. But how digital data entry affects programs with varying levels of stakeholder participation, from volunteer data collectors to those entirely administered by non-scientists, remains unclear. We reviewed the successes, in terms of management interventions and sustainability, of 107 published programs and compared this analysis with case studies from our PM experiences in Australia, Canada, Ethiopia, Ghana, Greenland, and Vietnam. Our meta-analysis found participatory programs were less likely to use digital devices, while two of our three most participatory cases were also slow to adopt digital data entry. Published programs that were participatory and used digital devices were more likely to report management actions, an association shared with our E...
The Postcolonial Science and Technology Studies Reader, 2011
... One conclusion of earlier twentieth-century ethnography, in a line leading from Malinowski th... more ... One conclusion of earlier twentieth-century ethnography, in a line leading from Malinowski through Evans-Pritchard, is that in all societies (including Western civilization) practices dubbed" magical" and" mystical" coexist with rational/ empirical processes. ...
Oceania, 1999
We explore the relationship of 'home place' to tenure at Erub, where is... more We explore the relationship of 'home place' to tenure at Erub, where island, reef and ocean comprise a cultural and experiential continuum. Rights across a full spectrum of material/symbolic resources involve a dynamic tension between principles of exclusion and incorporative reciprocity. ...
The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien, 2012
Community-based conservation is experiencing a crisis of identity and purpose as a result of a di... more Community-based conservation is experiencing a crisis of identity and purpose as a result of a disappointing track record and unresolved deficiencies. The latter include oversimplified assumptions and misconceptions of "community," the imposition of externally designed and driven projects at the community level, a focus on conservation outcomes at the expense of community empowerment and social justice, and limited attention to participatory processes. New approaches are urgently needed to address these weaknesses and to counter a rising trend towards environmental protectionism and a preference for conservation approaches at an eco-regional scale that threaten the interests of local and Indigenous communities. We propose that three core principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR)-(1) community-defined research agenda; (2) collaborative research process; and (3) meaningful research outcomes-hold much promise. Drawing on the experience of a research partnership involving the James Bay Cree community of Wemindji, northern Quebec, and academic researchers from four Canadian universities, we document the process of applying these principles to a community-based conservation project that uses protected areas as a political strategy to redefine relations with governments in terms of a shared responsibility to care for land and sea. We suggest that basic assumptions of CBPR, including collaborative, equitable partnerships in all phases of the research, promotion of co-learning and capacity building among all partners, emphasis on local relevance, and commitment to long-term engagement, can provide the basis for a revamped phase of community-based conservation that supports environmental protection while strengthening local institutions, building capacity, and contributing to cultural survival.
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 1999
11 'LIBRARY a monograph 48 tiary Marine Tenure in Australia by Nicolas Peterson and Bruc... more 11 'LIBRARY a monograph 48 tiary Marine Tenure in Australia by Nicolas Peterson and Bruce Rigsby 06412 5451 358 6 3 ra Monographs Jennifer Alexander and Paul Alexander ir.il... Dcïrdre Koller ii mi ■> ii tu i к mi onoernlng buk numbari einbi obtained ftom pj n,i publli i 116D ...
... London: Routledge. Pp. 216-227. Brennan, Frank. 1993. Mabo and Its Implications for Aborigin... more ... London: Routledge. Pp. 216-227. Brennan, Frank. 1993. Mabo and Its Implications for Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. In MA Stephenson and Suri Ratnapala, eds. Mabo: A Judicial Revolution the Aboriginal Land Rights Decision and its Impact on Australian Law. ...
Ethnos, 2006
Abstract The multi-vocality of the black bear as a categoryin Cree hunting entails a melding of p... more Abstract The multi-vocality of the black bear as a categoryin Cree hunting entails a melding of practical-empiricalrationality with ethicaland 'spiritual'understandings. On one level of attention in the hunter's world, the bear functions as a postulate in indigenous scientific ...
Development and Change, 2000
This article uses two case studies to illustrate the subjection of indigenous peoples' marine ter... more This article uses two case studies to illustrate the subjection of indigenous peoples' marine territories to a`double jeopardy' of exclusion Ð jurisdictional and proprietary Ð through the legal and administrative practices of Europeaǹ settler' states in Australia and Canada. While the fiction of terra nullius as a legal rationale for refuting indigenous rights of property and governance has steadily eroded in recent decades, its counterpart mare nullius has proven, so far, more resistant. The authors examine how state conceptions of jurisdiction, property and boundary-making in coastal areas accomplish the distortion and fragmentation of the coastal and marine spaces of Torres Strait Islanders in northern Queensland, Australia, and of the Cree and Inuit peoples of James and Hudson Bays in northern Que bec, Canada. Assumptions of land±sea continuity underlie these peoples' cultural constructions of coastal and marine environments. In examining the progress that each has made in reasserting ownership and control of coast and sea, it seems that recognition and reinforcement of their institutions for managing marine spaces and resources offer the best prospect for reconnecting fractured jurisdictional domains, and for bringing about social equity, environmental protection, and self-determined regional development.
Anthropologica, 1986
Page 1. HUNTING TERRITORIES, HUNTING BOSSES AND COMMUNAL PRODUCTION AMONG COASTAL JAMES BAY CREE ... more Page 1. HUNTING TERRITORIES, HUNTING BOSSES AND COMMUNAL PRODUCTION AMONG COASTAL JAMES BAY CREE Colin Scott McGill Un7 versity Cet examen des differentes activites productives (chas se, trappe, peche) des Cris de la Baie James indique ...
American Indian Quarterly, 1984
Anthropologica
This article discusses the successes of the Crees of Eeyou Istchee in the continual negotiation a... more This article discusses the successes of the Crees of Eeyou Istchee in the continual negotiation and renegotiation of their treaty relationship with the Quebec and Canadian governments but also queries how arrangements reached during more than four decades of treaty relationship, charting a course of proliferating entanglements with resource-extractive capitalism and state administration, both express and diverge from the “community of life” relational ontology of Cree activity on the land. While the Crees of Eeyou Istchee have achieved important successes in negotiating economic equity and territorial self-government and have not allowed themselves to be trapped in a once-and-for-all “settlement” of their rights, their negotiations with the state and with corporate entities reward certain Cree interests and positions over others. Compromises have occurred and development pathways chosen that increasingly challenge those who maintain as political priorities the defence of ecological ...