Terry Connolly - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Terry Connolly
International Journal of Conflict Management, Oct 10, 2016
Back to the Basics: How Feelings of Anger Affect Cooperation.
![Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to “Myopic regret avoidance: Feedback avoidance and learning in repeated decision making” [Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 109 (2009) 182–189]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111104931/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Sep 1, 2009
Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, May 20, 2019
This paper studies the behavioral consequences of greed perceptions in social interactions. Greed... more This paper studies the behavioral consequences of greed perceptions in social interactions. Greed has attracted substantial attention in the business press (
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Jul 1, 2009
Decision makers can become trapped by myopic regret avoidance in which rejecting feedback to avoi... more Decision makers can become trapped by myopic regret avoidance in which rejecting feedback to avoid short-term outcome regret (regret associated with counterfactual outcome comparisons) leads to reduced learning and greater long-term regret over continuing poor decisions. In a series of laboratory experiments involving repeated choices among uncertain monetary prospects, participants primed with outcome regret tended to decline feedback, learned the task slowly or not at all, and performed poorly. This pattern was reversed when decision makers were primed with self-blame regret (regret over an unjustified decision). Further, in a final experiment in which task learning was unnecessary, feedback was more often rejected in the self-blame regret condition than in the outcome regret condition. We discuss the findings in terms of a distinction between two regret components, one associated with outcome evaluation, the other with the justifiability of the decision process used in making the choice.
Decision research has only recently started to take seriously the role of emotions in choices and... more Decision research has only recently started to take seriously the role of emotions in choices and decisions. Regret is the emotion that has received the most attention. In this article, we sample a number of the initial regret studies from psychology and economics, and trace some of the complexities and contradictions to which they led. We then sketch a new theory, decision justification theory (DJT), which synthesizes several apparently conflicting findings. DJT postulates two core components of decision-related regret, one associated with the (comparative) evaluation of the outcome, the other with the feeling of selfblame for having made a poor choice. We reinterpret several existing studies in DJT terms. We then report some new studies that directly tested (and support) DJT, and propose a number of research issues that follow from this new approach to regret.
introduced the notion of satisficing to explain how boundedly rational agents might approach diff... more introduced the notion of satisficing to explain how boundedly rational agents might approach difficult sequential decision problems. His satisficing decision makers were offered as an alternative to opti-mizers, who have impressive computational capacities which allow them to maximize. There is no reason, however, why satisficers can not do their task optimally. In this paper, we present a simplified sequential search problem for a satisficing decision maker, and show how to compute its optimal satisficing search policies. Our findings demonstrate that satisficing, when done properly, can be a quite effective search policy.
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2002
There has been a proliferation in the number of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) being perfor... more There has been a proliferation in the number of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) being performed without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, the benefits of off-pump coronary artery grafting (OPCAB) are still being determined. The aim of this retrospective review was to compare the perioperative outcomes of CPB patients with OPCAB patients and to identify the patients most likely to benefit from the off-pump procedure. We reviewed the perioperative data of all isolated CABG patients at two metropolitan hospitals for the period of August 2000 to September 2001. The two groups (OPCAB vs. CPB) were further divided into subgroups identifying patients by their predicted mortality (higher-risk and lower-risk) and the number of distal graft anastomoses received (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5). A p value less than .05 was considered significant. Out of the total of 882 patients, 46.2% were OPCAB cases. Both CPB and OPCAB groups were similar in terms of demographics and predicted risk o...
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2009
There is little doubt that blood transfusions have saved many lives in cases of acute hypovolemia... more There is little doubt that blood transfusions have saved many lives in cases of acute hypovolemia and anemia, but both the literature and practitioners still do not agree as to what the appropriate indicators for transfusion are in a cardiac surgical patient. Furthermore, there are those who claim that the benefit of blood transfusions has never been conclusively demonstrated, and evidence of transfusion related harm continues to accumulate. Cardiac surgical patients may be transfused not only because of bleeding but also due to hemodilution from preoperative and intraoperative intravenous fluids and pump primes in conjunction with a possible preoperative anemia. Getting transfusion right to improve our practice has to be approached multifactorially. The use of prophylactic dosing of blood products has been suggested to be ineffective in reducing blood loss. There are many factors that impact transfusion rates including determining the optimal hematocrit where it is highly unlikely ...
Advances in Psychology, 1988
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews and attempts to integrate several recent lines of research... more Publisher Summary This chapter reviews and attempts to integrate several recent lines of research on information purchase and related phenomena. It also evaluates the main formal models of the process that guided laboratory work, and placed them within a general Brunswikian framework. The chapter also describes some of the main empirical results from laboratory studies, with particular attention to convergences of alternative paradigms. In extending Brunswik's imagery of the lens model to information purchase tasks, the only significant modification is to relax the implicit assumption that cue sets are fixed and complete. Instead, the possibility that the subject can select subsets of the available cues in a given judgment task, acquiring and attending to some and declining or ignoring others is allowed. If a cost of some sort is incurred for each cue the subject acquires, the generic lens model becomes a general conceptual model of information purchase in judgment tasks. The initial purchase decision controls which cues appear in the subject's cue set.
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2007
Blood transfusion rates in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using cardiopulmonary b... more Blood transfusion rates in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are typically higher compared with off-pump CABG (OPCAB). However, few studies have specifically examined intraoperative hemodilution as a contributing factor. The aim of this retrospective review was to compare the effect of using CPB or OPCAB on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and postoperative bleeding. The lowest intraoperative hematocrit (Hct) was used as marker of intraoperative hemodilution. We reviewed the perioperative data of all isolated CABG patients at a metropolitan hospital from January 2003 to June 2005. Stepwise regression analyses were performed to determine whether CPB was an independent predictor of RBC transfusion, reoperation for bleeding, or postoperative chest drainage. Of a total of 1043 patients, there were 433 CPB and 610 off-pump cases. CPB use was not significantly related to increased RBC transfusions (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence inter...
International Journal of Conflict Management, Oct 10, 2016
Back to the Basics: How Feelings of Anger Affect Cooperation.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Sep 1, 2009
Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, May 20, 2019
This paper studies the behavioral consequences of greed perceptions in social interactions. Greed... more This paper studies the behavioral consequences of greed perceptions in social interactions. Greed has attracted substantial attention in the business press (
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Jul 1, 2009
Decision makers can become trapped by myopic regret avoidance in which rejecting feedback to avoi... more Decision makers can become trapped by myopic regret avoidance in which rejecting feedback to avoid short-term outcome regret (regret associated with counterfactual outcome comparisons) leads to reduced learning and greater long-term regret over continuing poor decisions. In a series of laboratory experiments involving repeated choices among uncertain monetary prospects, participants primed with outcome regret tended to decline feedback, learned the task slowly or not at all, and performed poorly. This pattern was reversed when decision makers were primed with self-blame regret (regret over an unjustified decision). Further, in a final experiment in which task learning was unnecessary, feedback was more often rejected in the self-blame regret condition than in the outcome regret condition. We discuss the findings in terms of a distinction between two regret components, one associated with outcome evaluation, the other with the justifiability of the decision process used in making the choice.
Decision research has only recently started to take seriously the role of emotions in choices and... more Decision research has only recently started to take seriously the role of emotions in choices and decisions. Regret is the emotion that has received the most attention. In this article, we sample a number of the initial regret studies from psychology and economics, and trace some of the complexities and contradictions to which they led. We then sketch a new theory, decision justification theory (DJT), which synthesizes several apparently conflicting findings. DJT postulates two core components of decision-related regret, one associated with the (comparative) evaluation of the outcome, the other with the feeling of selfblame for having made a poor choice. We reinterpret several existing studies in DJT terms. We then report some new studies that directly tested (and support) DJT, and propose a number of research issues that follow from this new approach to regret.
introduced the notion of satisficing to explain how boundedly rational agents might approach diff... more introduced the notion of satisficing to explain how boundedly rational agents might approach difficult sequential decision problems. His satisficing decision makers were offered as an alternative to opti-mizers, who have impressive computational capacities which allow them to maximize. There is no reason, however, why satisficers can not do their task optimally. In this paper, we present a simplified sequential search problem for a satisficing decision maker, and show how to compute its optimal satisficing search policies. Our findings demonstrate that satisficing, when done properly, can be a quite effective search policy.
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2002
There has been a proliferation in the number of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) being perfor... more There has been a proliferation in the number of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) being performed without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, the benefits of off-pump coronary artery grafting (OPCAB) are still being determined. The aim of this retrospective review was to compare the perioperative outcomes of CPB patients with OPCAB patients and to identify the patients most likely to benefit from the off-pump procedure. We reviewed the perioperative data of all isolated CABG patients at two metropolitan hospitals for the period of August 2000 to September 2001. The two groups (OPCAB vs. CPB) were further divided into subgroups identifying patients by their predicted mortality (higher-risk and lower-risk) and the number of distal graft anastomoses received (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5). A p value less than .05 was considered significant. Out of the total of 882 patients, 46.2% were OPCAB cases. Both CPB and OPCAB groups were similar in terms of demographics and predicted risk o...
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2009
There is little doubt that blood transfusions have saved many lives in cases of acute hypovolemia... more There is little doubt that blood transfusions have saved many lives in cases of acute hypovolemia and anemia, but both the literature and practitioners still do not agree as to what the appropriate indicators for transfusion are in a cardiac surgical patient. Furthermore, there are those who claim that the benefit of blood transfusions has never been conclusively demonstrated, and evidence of transfusion related harm continues to accumulate. Cardiac surgical patients may be transfused not only because of bleeding but also due to hemodilution from preoperative and intraoperative intravenous fluids and pump primes in conjunction with a possible preoperative anemia. Getting transfusion right to improve our practice has to be approached multifactorially. The use of prophylactic dosing of blood products has been suggested to be ineffective in reducing blood loss. There are many factors that impact transfusion rates including determining the optimal hematocrit where it is highly unlikely ...
Advances in Psychology, 1988
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews and attempts to integrate several recent lines of research... more Publisher Summary This chapter reviews and attempts to integrate several recent lines of research on information purchase and related phenomena. It also evaluates the main formal models of the process that guided laboratory work, and placed them within a general Brunswikian framework. The chapter also describes some of the main empirical results from laboratory studies, with particular attention to convergences of alternative paradigms. In extending Brunswik's imagery of the lens model to information purchase tasks, the only significant modification is to relax the implicit assumption that cue sets are fixed and complete. Instead, the possibility that the subject can select subsets of the available cues in a given judgment task, acquiring and attending to some and declining or ignoring others is allowed. If a cost of some sort is incurred for each cue the subject acquires, the generic lens model becomes a general conceptual model of information purchase in judgment tasks. The initial purchase decision controls which cues appear in the subject's cue set.
The Journal of extra-corporeal technology, 2007
Blood transfusion rates in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using cardiopulmonary b... more Blood transfusion rates in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are typically higher compared with off-pump CABG (OPCAB). However, few studies have specifically examined intraoperative hemodilution as a contributing factor. The aim of this retrospective review was to compare the effect of using CPB or OPCAB on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and postoperative bleeding. The lowest intraoperative hematocrit (Hct) was used as marker of intraoperative hemodilution. We reviewed the perioperative data of all isolated CABG patients at a metropolitan hospital from January 2003 to June 2005. Stepwise regression analyses were performed to determine whether CPB was an independent predictor of RBC transfusion, reoperation for bleeding, or postoperative chest drainage. Of a total of 1043 patients, there were 433 CPB and 610 off-pump cases. CPB use was not significantly related to increased RBC transfusions (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence inter...