Craig Payne - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Craig Payne

Research paper thumbnail of Cost benefit comparison of plaster casts and optical scans of the foot for the manufacture of foot orthoses

Australian Podiatry Council., 2007

Skip to content. admin login. La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding w... more Skip to content. admin login. La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding works produced by La Trobe University staff and students La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding works produced by La Trobe University staff and students ...

Research paper thumbnail of human Achilles tendon in vivo Effects of estrogen on the mechanical behavior of the

Research paper thumbnail of Diabetes‐related lower‐limb amputations in Australia

Medical Journal of Australia, 2000

To identify the prevalence of diabetes-related lower-limb amputations and its regional variations... more To identify the prevalence of diabetes-related lower-limb amputations and its regional variations in Australia. Cross-sectional analysis of a hospital morbidity dataset in Australia. Analysis of the National Hospital Morbidity Database of all hospital separations for the ICD codes 84.10-84.19 (lower-limb amputations) and 250.0-250.9 (diabetes and its complications) for the financial years 1995-96 to 1997-98. Number of lower-limb amputations in people with diabetes mellitus in Australia, and in each State and Territory. 7887 diabetes-related lower-limb amputations were reported during the study period, with a mean +/- SD of 2629 +/- 47 per year. The prevalence in Australia was 13.97 per 100,000 total population, and varied from 11.34 per 100,000 in the Australian Capital Territory to 20.68 per 100,000 in South Australia. Diabetes-related lower-limb amputation poses a substantial personal and public health cost in Australia.

Research paper thumbnail of 299 Foot orthoses function and alteration in sensory input

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Foot function and low back pain

The Foot, 1999

The suggestion that foot posture may affect low back pain is one that has received some attention... more The suggestion that foot posture may affect low back pain is one that has received some attention in the literature. This has principally involved theoretical mechanisms that may link the two. This paper reviews each of these mechanisms in turn, and comments upon directions for future research in the area.

Research paper thumbnail of Health services planning and the diabetic foot

The Foot, 1997

A health services planning model is explained, which uses an iterative loop for assembling and an... more A health services planning model is explained, which uses an iterative loop for assembling and analysing data and information. First, the burden of the illness is determined and data concerning the aetiology of this burden are analysed. Next, the effectiveness of interventions for reducing the burden and its efficiency are considered. The estimates of the effectiveness and efficiency are then integrated with feasibility to make recommendations for implementing an intervention. The ongoing monitoring of an intervention is considered, before the burden of the illness is reassessed, completing the iterative loop. Repeated cycles of the loop are needed to eradicate that proportion of illness for which beneficial interventions exist. The usefulness of the loop approach in clinical and policy decisions are illustrated by applying this framework to the management of diabetic foot disease. Using the framework allows a systematic identification of areas in which further research is needed to reduce the burden of diabetic foot disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Function of the plantar fascia

The Foot, 1999

... 1. HB Kitaoka, ZP Luo, ES Growney, BS Berglund and KN An, Material properties of the plantar ... more ... 1. HB Kitaoka, ZP Luo, ES Growney, BS Berglund and KN An, Material properties of the plantar aponeurosis. ... 4. GF Kogler, SE Solomonidis and JP Paul, Biomechanics of longitudinal arch support mechanisms in foot orthoses and their effect on plantar aponeurosis strain. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of theory in understanding the midtarsal joint

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 2000

... However, the more re-cent literature of Bojsen-Moller,15 van Langelaan,16 Benink,17 and Lundb... more ... However, the more re-cent literature of Bojsen-Moller,15 van Langelaan,16 Benink,17 and Lundberg et al18 shows that the move-ment of the midtarsal joint is not about two axes of motion. ... 4. O'NEAL WM: Fact and Theory, Sydney University Press, Sydney, Australia, 1969. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The difference in the timing of selected gait parameters using force/time curves in runners with and without a history of overuse injury

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of foot wedging on electromyographic activity in the erector spinae and gluteus medius muscles during walking

Gait & Posture, 2003

The use of foot orthoses for treatment of low back pain (LBP) has received some attention in the ... more The use of foot orthoses for treatment of low back pain (LBP) has received some attention in the literature, mainly from a clinical or theoretical perspective. It has been proposed that this treatment alleviates pain by altering muscle activity in the area of the low back but there is no direct evidence of such an effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different types of foot wedging on the bilateral surface electromyographic activity of erector spinae (ErSp) (L3 level) and gluteus medius (GlMed) of 13 participants without LBP. Activity in ErSp had a significantly earlier onset during the gait cycle with bilateral heel lifts and bilateral lateral forefoot wedging. GlMed activity had a significantly later onset with bilateral heel lifts, and with an unilateral heel lift on the ipsilateral side (P B/0.0125). No significant amplitude changes were demonstrated in either muscle for any of the forms of wedging tested. These results show that foot wedging can produce measurable changes in timing of muscle activity within the low back and pelvis during the gait cycle. Further investigation is required to determine whether this effect contributes to the alleviation of LBP.

Research paper thumbnail of Hospital discharges for diabetic foot disease in New Zealand: 1980–1993

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 1998

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hospital discharges for diabetic foot di... more The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hospital discharges for diabetic foot disease from 1980 to 1993 in New Zealand and identify regional variations. Data from the International Classification of Disease (ICD) discharge codes for diabetes and its complications from 1980 to 1993 were reviewed for diabetic foot disease. The total number of discharges/100 000 total population has increased from 13.56 in 1980 to 25.79 in 1993. The age and sex-standardised total bed/days per 1000 total population increased from 5.02 in 1980 to 5.85 in 1993. The total inpatient cost for the management of diabetic foot disease in New Zealand (population 3.3 million) for 1993 is estimated to be in the region of NZ$10-11 million (USD$7-7.7 million), indicating the need to put strategies in place to manage this problem. Strategies that reduce the individual and inpatient burden of this advanced stage complication of diabetes mellitus can be implemented easily for a relatively modest cost.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of semi-rigid prefabricated foot orthoses and custom made foot orthoses

algeos.com

Phone: (+61) (3) 9479 5820 Fax: (+61) (3) 9479 5784 Email: c.payne@latrobe.edu.au ... Foot orthos... more Phone: (+61) (3) 9479 5820 Fax: (+61) (3) 9479 5784 Email: c.payne@latrobe.edu.au ... Foot orthoses are widely used in clinical practice to treat a wide range of different pathologies and to alter foot function. Outcome studies have generally shown that foot orthoses are ...

Research paper thumbnail of 006 Effects of Lateral Wedge Insoles on Symptoms and Structural Disease Progression in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A 12-MONTH Randomised Controlled Trial

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2010

Purpose: To investigate the effect of massive weight loss on i) knee pain and disability, ii) low... more Purpose: To investigate the effect of massive weight loss on i) knee pain and disability, ii) low-grade inflammation and metabolic status, and iii) joint biomarkers in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: 140 patients involved in a gastric surgery program were screened for painful knee OA, and 44 were included (age 44±10.3 years, BMI 50.7±7.2 kg/m 2). Clinical data and biological samples were collected before and 6 months after surgery. Results: Before surgery, IL-6 levels were correlated with levels of hsCRP (p=0.006) and Helix-II (p=0.01), a biomarker of cartilage turnover, and the WOMAC function score (p=0.03). Surgery resulted in substantial decrease in BMI (-20%). Levels of insulin and insulin resistance were decreased at 6 months. Knee pain decreased after surgery (24.5±21 vs. 50±26.6 mm; p<0.001), and scores on all WOMAC subscales were improved. Levels of IL-6 (p<0.0001), hsCRP (p<0.0001), orosomucoid (p<0.0001) and fibrinogen (p=0.04) were decreased after surgery. Weight loss resulted in a significant increase in levels of PIIANP (+32%; p=0.002), a biomarker of cartilage synthesis, and a significant decrease in that of COMP (-36%; p<0.001), a biomarker of cartilage degradation. Changes in COMP concentration were correlated with changes in insulin levels (p=0.02) and insulin resistance (p=0.05). Conclusions: In obese patients with knee OA, massive weight loss improves pain and function and decreases low-grade inflammation. Moreover, change in levels of joint biomarkers with weight loss suggests a structural effect on cartilage 006

Research paper thumbnail of AJPM Sept 2001 pages

This study compared neutral position weightbearing casts of the foot using the Foot Alignment Sys... more This study compared neutral position weightbearing casts of the foot using the Foot Alignment System (FAS) to traditional non-weightbearing casts. Using inexperienced undergraduate podiatry students, the FAS was shown to have good repeatability and low variability. The arch profile of the FAS and nonweightbearing casts were different, but when a forefoot alignment curve was used with the FAS, the arch profiles were similar. The FAS system has a number of theoretical advantages over other weightbearing methods of modelling the foot compared to the traditional nonweightbearing casting. INTRODUCTION Foot orthoses are widely used to treat a range of lower limb pathologies. Outcome studies have shown that foot orthoses are successful in treating a large number of pathologies, but the mechanisms by which they achieve these outcomes is unclear. 1,2 Foot orthoses are usually made from negative casts of the foot taken in a non-weightbearing position. There is no evidence as to whether the us...

Research paper thumbnail of What causes Charcot's neuroarthropathy?

Research paper thumbnail of Employers' expectations of new graduates - the dissonance between an academic education and a vocational training

Research paper thumbnail of Carrera descalza y minimalista, una comprensión actual de la evidencia

Revista Española de Podología, 2016

Resumen Correr descalzo y la carrera minimalista son tendencias que han ganado una popularidad co... more Resumen Correr descalzo y la carrera minimalista son tendencias que han ganado una popularidad considerable entre las comunidades de corredores durante los últimos años. Esta popularidad ha sido alcanzada por el libro best seller Born to run, algunas publicaciones científicas, la cobertura de los medios de comunicación generalistas y sitios web dedicados a los beneficios de correr descalzo. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, se ha producido gran cantidad de evidencia científica sobre este tema. Este artículo resume la evidencia actual disponible sobre correr descalzo o con zapatillas de carrera en 3 aspectos diferenciados: economía de carrera, diferencias biomecánicas y tasas de lesiones entre ambas tendencias. La evidencia científica actual sugiere que no hay beneficios sistemáticos de una tendencia frente a otra en ninguno de los aspectos antes revisados. Claramente, parece que los teóricos beneficios atribuidos a correr descalzo o a la carrera minimalista no están avalados por la evidencia científica más actual.

Research paper thumbnail of The clash between theory and science on the kinematic effectiveness of foot orthoses

Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery, 2001

Foot orthoses have been shown to be effective in the management of lower extremity pathologic con... more Foot orthoses have been shown to be effective in the management of lower extremity pathologic conditions, but the mechanism by which orthoses achieve this effect is unclear. Kinematic studies that investigate changes in skeletal alignment from the use of foot orthoses have shown mixed results with generally small changes which may not be sufficient to account for the outcomes achieved with foot orthoses. A number of theoretic constructs have not been taken into account in the design and reporting of kinematic studies, and these omissions may account for mixed results. Kinematic studies need to report information about participants, (e.g., the subtalar joint axis position) so readers can judge the appropriateness of the orthoses prescriptions and the kinematic variable measured. The high prevalence of forefoot varus reported in some studies and the variability in orthoses prescriptions and in casting for these devices used in studies also needs to be addressed. In light of some of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in the measurement of neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions with experience

The Foot, 2000

Abstract The neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions are widely used in clinical practice ... more Abstract The neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions are widely used in clinical practice to classify feet and for the prescription of foot orthoses. The aim of this study is to determine whether undergraduate podiatry students could improve in their accuracy of taking these measurements with increased experience. The results of clinical examinations at the end of two semesters were used where students are required to take these measurements of the same foot of the same subject. The hypothesis that the distribution of the measurements will cluster about the same mean between clinical examinations with the standard deviation being smaller at the second examination as students become more experienced was not supported. This further questions the use of these measurements in clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Immediate effect of foot orthoses on plantar force timing during running: A repeated measures study

The Foot, 2011

Despite evidence supporting the use of foot orthoses in the prevention and treatment of several r... more Despite evidence supporting the use of foot orthoses in the prevention and treatment of several running related conditions, the physical effects of these devices during running is currently unclear. This limitation has clinical consequences in relation to dispensing foot orthoses, as the presumed biomechanical action may not be produced as intended. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of foot orthoses on plantar force timing during running. A laboratory study with a repeated measures design was conducted with subjects (n = 20) running on a treadmill while wearing an in-shoe force measurement device. The effect of two types of prefabricated foot orthoses (Prothotic™ S and Prothotic™ W) on plantar force timing beneath the rearfoot and forefoot was observed in comparison to a control condition. No statistically significant effects between conditions were found for rearfoot variables. In contrast, peak forefoot force occurred earlier and the duration of forefoot off-loading was extended in both orthosis conditions (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05, d &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.9) compared with control. The Prothotic™ S was found to have a larger effect on plantar force timing beneath the forefoot, and also decreased the duration of forefoot loading (P = 0.04, d = 0.8). The foot orthoses used in this study were observed to have systematic effects on plantar force timing during running. The findings of this study may be used to guide future research in this field, as the clinical importance of these effects remains unclear.

Research paper thumbnail of Cost benefit comparison of plaster casts and optical scans of the foot for the manufacture of foot orthoses

Australian Podiatry Council., 2007

Skip to content. admin login. La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding w... more Skip to content. admin login. La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding works produced by La Trobe University staff and students La Trobe University Research Online, a digital repository holding works produced by La Trobe University staff and students ...

Research paper thumbnail of human Achilles tendon in vivo Effects of estrogen on the mechanical behavior of the

Research paper thumbnail of Diabetes‐related lower‐limb amputations in Australia

Medical Journal of Australia, 2000

To identify the prevalence of diabetes-related lower-limb amputations and its regional variations... more To identify the prevalence of diabetes-related lower-limb amputations and its regional variations in Australia. Cross-sectional analysis of a hospital morbidity dataset in Australia. Analysis of the National Hospital Morbidity Database of all hospital separations for the ICD codes 84.10-84.19 (lower-limb amputations) and 250.0-250.9 (diabetes and its complications) for the financial years 1995-96 to 1997-98. Number of lower-limb amputations in people with diabetes mellitus in Australia, and in each State and Territory. 7887 diabetes-related lower-limb amputations were reported during the study period, with a mean +/- SD of 2629 +/- 47 per year. The prevalence in Australia was 13.97 per 100,000 total population, and varied from 11.34 per 100,000 in the Australian Capital Territory to 20.68 per 100,000 in South Australia. Diabetes-related lower-limb amputation poses a substantial personal and public health cost in Australia.

Research paper thumbnail of 299 Foot orthoses function and alteration in sensory input

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Foot function and low back pain

The Foot, 1999

The suggestion that foot posture may affect low back pain is one that has received some attention... more The suggestion that foot posture may affect low back pain is one that has received some attention in the literature. This has principally involved theoretical mechanisms that may link the two. This paper reviews each of these mechanisms in turn, and comments upon directions for future research in the area.

Research paper thumbnail of Health services planning and the diabetic foot

The Foot, 1997

A health services planning model is explained, which uses an iterative loop for assembling and an... more A health services planning model is explained, which uses an iterative loop for assembling and analysing data and information. First, the burden of the illness is determined and data concerning the aetiology of this burden are analysed. Next, the effectiveness of interventions for reducing the burden and its efficiency are considered. The estimates of the effectiveness and efficiency are then integrated with feasibility to make recommendations for implementing an intervention. The ongoing monitoring of an intervention is considered, before the burden of the illness is reassessed, completing the iterative loop. Repeated cycles of the loop are needed to eradicate that proportion of illness for which beneficial interventions exist. The usefulness of the loop approach in clinical and policy decisions are illustrated by applying this framework to the management of diabetic foot disease. Using the framework allows a systematic identification of areas in which further research is needed to reduce the burden of diabetic foot disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Function of the plantar fascia

The Foot, 1999

... 1. HB Kitaoka, ZP Luo, ES Growney, BS Berglund and KN An, Material properties of the plantar ... more ... 1. HB Kitaoka, ZP Luo, ES Growney, BS Berglund and KN An, Material properties of the plantar aponeurosis. ... 4. GF Kogler, SE Solomonidis and JP Paul, Biomechanics of longitudinal arch support mechanisms in foot orthoses and their effect on plantar aponeurosis strain. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of theory in understanding the midtarsal joint

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 2000

... However, the more re-cent literature of Bojsen-Moller,15 van Langelaan,16 Benink,17 and Lundb... more ... However, the more re-cent literature of Bojsen-Moller,15 van Langelaan,16 Benink,17 and Lundberg et al18 shows that the move-ment of the midtarsal joint is not about two axes of motion. ... 4. O'NEAL WM: Fact and Theory, Sydney University Press, Sydney, Australia, 1969. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The difference in the timing of selected gait parameters using force/time curves in runners with and without a history of overuse injury

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of foot wedging on electromyographic activity in the erector spinae and gluteus medius muscles during walking

Gait & Posture, 2003

The use of foot orthoses for treatment of low back pain (LBP) has received some attention in the ... more The use of foot orthoses for treatment of low back pain (LBP) has received some attention in the literature, mainly from a clinical or theoretical perspective. It has been proposed that this treatment alleviates pain by altering muscle activity in the area of the low back but there is no direct evidence of such an effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different types of foot wedging on the bilateral surface electromyographic activity of erector spinae (ErSp) (L3 level) and gluteus medius (GlMed) of 13 participants without LBP. Activity in ErSp had a significantly earlier onset during the gait cycle with bilateral heel lifts and bilateral lateral forefoot wedging. GlMed activity had a significantly later onset with bilateral heel lifts, and with an unilateral heel lift on the ipsilateral side (P B/0.0125). No significant amplitude changes were demonstrated in either muscle for any of the forms of wedging tested. These results show that foot wedging can produce measurable changes in timing of muscle activity within the low back and pelvis during the gait cycle. Further investigation is required to determine whether this effect contributes to the alleviation of LBP.

Research paper thumbnail of Hospital discharges for diabetic foot disease in New Zealand: 1980–1993

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 1998

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hospital discharges for diabetic foot di... more The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hospital discharges for diabetic foot disease from 1980 to 1993 in New Zealand and identify regional variations. Data from the International Classification of Disease (ICD) discharge codes for diabetes and its complications from 1980 to 1993 were reviewed for diabetic foot disease. The total number of discharges/100 000 total population has increased from 13.56 in 1980 to 25.79 in 1993. The age and sex-standardised total bed/days per 1000 total population increased from 5.02 in 1980 to 5.85 in 1993. The total inpatient cost for the management of diabetic foot disease in New Zealand (population 3.3 million) for 1993 is estimated to be in the region of NZ$10-11 million (USD$7-7.7 million), indicating the need to put strategies in place to manage this problem. Strategies that reduce the individual and inpatient burden of this advanced stage complication of diabetes mellitus can be implemented easily for a relatively modest cost.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of semi-rigid prefabricated foot orthoses and custom made foot orthoses

algeos.com

Phone: (+61) (3) 9479 5820 Fax: (+61) (3) 9479 5784 Email: c.payne@latrobe.edu.au ... Foot orthos... more Phone: (+61) (3) 9479 5820 Fax: (+61) (3) 9479 5784 Email: c.payne@latrobe.edu.au ... Foot orthoses are widely used in clinical practice to treat a wide range of different pathologies and to alter foot function. Outcome studies have generally shown that foot orthoses are ...

Research paper thumbnail of 006 Effects of Lateral Wedge Insoles on Symptoms and Structural Disease Progression in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A 12-MONTH Randomised Controlled Trial

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2010

Purpose: To investigate the effect of massive weight loss on i) knee pain and disability, ii) low... more Purpose: To investigate the effect of massive weight loss on i) knee pain and disability, ii) low-grade inflammation and metabolic status, and iii) joint biomarkers in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: 140 patients involved in a gastric surgery program were screened for painful knee OA, and 44 were included (age 44±10.3 years, BMI 50.7±7.2 kg/m 2). Clinical data and biological samples were collected before and 6 months after surgery. Results: Before surgery, IL-6 levels were correlated with levels of hsCRP (p=0.006) and Helix-II (p=0.01), a biomarker of cartilage turnover, and the WOMAC function score (p=0.03). Surgery resulted in substantial decrease in BMI (-20%). Levels of insulin and insulin resistance were decreased at 6 months. Knee pain decreased after surgery (24.5±21 vs. 50±26.6 mm; p<0.001), and scores on all WOMAC subscales were improved. Levels of IL-6 (p<0.0001), hsCRP (p<0.0001), orosomucoid (p<0.0001) and fibrinogen (p=0.04) were decreased after surgery. Weight loss resulted in a significant increase in levels of PIIANP (+32%; p=0.002), a biomarker of cartilage synthesis, and a significant decrease in that of COMP (-36%; p<0.001), a biomarker of cartilage degradation. Changes in COMP concentration were correlated with changes in insulin levels (p=0.02) and insulin resistance (p=0.05). Conclusions: In obese patients with knee OA, massive weight loss improves pain and function and decreases low-grade inflammation. Moreover, change in levels of joint biomarkers with weight loss suggests a structural effect on cartilage 006

Research paper thumbnail of AJPM Sept 2001 pages

This study compared neutral position weightbearing casts of the foot using the Foot Alignment Sys... more This study compared neutral position weightbearing casts of the foot using the Foot Alignment System (FAS) to traditional non-weightbearing casts. Using inexperienced undergraduate podiatry students, the FAS was shown to have good repeatability and low variability. The arch profile of the FAS and nonweightbearing casts were different, but when a forefoot alignment curve was used with the FAS, the arch profiles were similar. The FAS system has a number of theoretical advantages over other weightbearing methods of modelling the foot compared to the traditional nonweightbearing casting. INTRODUCTION Foot orthoses are widely used to treat a range of lower limb pathologies. Outcome studies have shown that foot orthoses are successful in treating a large number of pathologies, but the mechanisms by which they achieve these outcomes is unclear. 1,2 Foot orthoses are usually made from negative casts of the foot taken in a non-weightbearing position. There is no evidence as to whether the us...

Research paper thumbnail of What causes Charcot's neuroarthropathy?

Research paper thumbnail of Employers' expectations of new graduates - the dissonance between an academic education and a vocational training

Research paper thumbnail of Carrera descalza y minimalista, una comprensión actual de la evidencia

Revista Española de Podología, 2016

Resumen Correr descalzo y la carrera minimalista son tendencias que han ganado una popularidad co... more Resumen Correr descalzo y la carrera minimalista son tendencias que han ganado una popularidad considerable entre las comunidades de corredores durante los últimos años. Esta popularidad ha sido alcanzada por el libro best seller Born to run, algunas publicaciones científicas, la cobertura de los medios de comunicación generalistas y sitios web dedicados a los beneficios de correr descalzo. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, se ha producido gran cantidad de evidencia científica sobre este tema. Este artículo resume la evidencia actual disponible sobre correr descalzo o con zapatillas de carrera en 3 aspectos diferenciados: economía de carrera, diferencias biomecánicas y tasas de lesiones entre ambas tendencias. La evidencia científica actual sugiere que no hay beneficios sistemáticos de una tendencia frente a otra en ninguno de los aspectos antes revisados. Claramente, parece que los teóricos beneficios atribuidos a correr descalzo o a la carrera minimalista no están avalados por la evidencia científica más actual.

Research paper thumbnail of The clash between theory and science on the kinematic effectiveness of foot orthoses

Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery, 2001

Foot orthoses have been shown to be effective in the management of lower extremity pathologic con... more Foot orthoses have been shown to be effective in the management of lower extremity pathologic conditions, but the mechanism by which orthoses achieve this effect is unclear. Kinematic studies that investigate changes in skeletal alignment from the use of foot orthoses have shown mixed results with generally small changes which may not be sufficient to account for the outcomes achieved with foot orthoses. A number of theoretic constructs have not been taken into account in the design and reporting of kinematic studies, and these omissions may account for mixed results. Kinematic studies need to report information about participants, (e.g., the subtalar joint axis position) so readers can judge the appropriateness of the orthoses prescriptions and the kinematic variable measured. The high prevalence of forefoot varus reported in some studies and the variability in orthoses prescriptions and in casting for these devices used in studies also needs to be addressed. In light of some of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in the measurement of neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions with experience

The Foot, 2000

Abstract The neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions are widely used in clinical practice ... more Abstract The neutral and relaxed calcaneal stance positions are widely used in clinical practice to classify feet and for the prescription of foot orthoses. The aim of this study is to determine whether undergraduate podiatry students could improve in their accuracy of taking these measurements with increased experience. The results of clinical examinations at the end of two semesters were used where students are required to take these measurements of the same foot of the same subject. The hypothesis that the distribution of the measurements will cluster about the same mean between clinical examinations with the standard deviation being smaller at the second examination as students become more experienced was not supported. This further questions the use of these measurements in clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Immediate effect of foot orthoses on plantar force timing during running: A repeated measures study

The Foot, 2011

Despite evidence supporting the use of foot orthoses in the prevention and treatment of several r... more Despite evidence supporting the use of foot orthoses in the prevention and treatment of several running related conditions, the physical effects of these devices during running is currently unclear. This limitation has clinical consequences in relation to dispensing foot orthoses, as the presumed biomechanical action may not be produced as intended. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of foot orthoses on plantar force timing during running. A laboratory study with a repeated measures design was conducted with subjects (n = 20) running on a treadmill while wearing an in-shoe force measurement device. The effect of two types of prefabricated foot orthoses (Prothotic™ S and Prothotic™ W) on plantar force timing beneath the rearfoot and forefoot was observed in comparison to a control condition. No statistically significant effects between conditions were found for rearfoot variables. In contrast, peak forefoot force occurred earlier and the duration of forefoot off-loading was extended in both orthosis conditions (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05, d &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.9) compared with control. The Prothotic™ S was found to have a larger effect on plantar force timing beneath the forefoot, and also decreased the duration of forefoot loading (P = 0.04, d = 0.8). The foot orthoses used in this study were observed to have systematic effects on plantar force timing during running. The findings of this study may be used to guide future research in this field, as the clinical importance of these effects remains unclear.