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Papers by Cristhian Gonzales Martinez

Research paper thumbnail of Encadenamiento de desplazamientos: el transporte público de Santiago como productor de actividad comercial

El encadenamiento de desplazamientos corresponde a una estrategia de movilidad que permite a las ... more El encadenamiento de desplazamientos corresponde a una estrategia de movilidad que permite a las personas satisfacer multiples necesidades con desplazamientos de bajo costo. En Santiago de Chile esta estrategia fue universalizada por la implementacion de Transantiago, modificando la estructura de la ciudad. Este texto corresponde a un estudio exploratorio sobre este fenomeno y para ello se analiza un punto de intercambio modal dinamico (Metro Elisa Correa) localizado en un sector que historicamente estuvo desprovisto de servicios y que hoy posee vendedores ambulantes, comercio establecido y grandes almacenes. No obstante, este dinamismo parece ser fragil y depende de la variabilidad de los flujos y de las politicas de transporte publico.

Research paper thumbnail of Descriptive study of the effects dogs have as pets in the development of gross motor skills in 5 years old healthy infants

Introduction. Gross motor is oneof the elements that make up the integral development of children... more Introduction. Gross motor is oneof the elements that make up the integral development of children. It gets structured since the child is born until its consolidation when they are somewhere between 12 and 15 years old. Many factors influence it, such as genetics plus social, psychological and environmental situations. Among the latter, the relations the child has with other living beings, among which pets (ands especially dogs) can be highlighted for research purposes, are included. Objective. To describe the effects dogs have, as pets, on the development of gross motor skills among 5 years old healthy children from educational institutions in Itagüí, by comparing those children with others who do not own dogs. Materials and Methods. A survey was made to gather information. It had the allowance of parents or tutors, so the children could be a part of the case and control groups in this research. For assessing the children's motor skills, Vitor Da Fonseca's psychomotor batter...

Research paper thumbnail of Movilidad femenina en Santiago de Chile: reproducción de inequidades en la metrópolis, el barrio y el espacio público

urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana, 2015

La construcción social que asocia a las mujeres con la mantención y cuidado del hogar las muestra... more La construcción social que asocia a las mujeres con la mantención y cuidado del hogar las muestra como un grupo con baja disponibilidad de tiempo y con limitadas capacidades de desplazamiento urbano. La limitación se traduce en una movilidad diferenciada, acotada y vulnerable a fenómenos tan diversos como su lugar de residencia y la calidad del espacio público. En el caso de Santiago de Chile, existen diferencias considerables en la movilidad según género, edad y estrato socioeconómico, destacándose una mayor fragilidad en grupos de escasos recursos que habitan en barrios producidos por el Estado durante la segunda mitad del siglo pasado. Mediante indicadores cuantitativos y herramientas cualitativas, el presente texto tiene por propósito caracterizar la movilidad femenina en Santiago en tres escalas: metropolitana, barrial y local. La evidencia muestra que existen disparidades en los todos los niveles. En la escala metropolitana las mujeres de ingresos altos exhiben un elevado núme...

Research paper thumbnail of Colombian Children and Adolescents’ Narratives Accounts about Experiences of Harm

Far too many children and adolescents around the world are growing up in contexts of adversity. E... more Far too many children and adolescents around the world are growing up in contexts of adversity. Experiences of violence, as well as poverty, injustices, and illegality have been found to be risk factors for social development. For example, research findings show that exposure to violence is related to aggressive behaviors and to the approval of retaliation (e.g., Barkin, Kreiter, & DuRant, 2001; Guerra, Huesmann, & Spindler, 2003; Posada & Wainryb, 2008). The goal of this study was to investigate how Colombian children and adolescents from different schools located in violent areas of Bogota, Colombia, understand and evaluate situations of harm in which they have been involved as victim and as victimizers. Studies with Colombian displaced children and adolescents have shown that they condemn the use of violence and consider it morally wrong and undesirable (Posada, 2008; Posada & Wainryb, 2008). Although they have constructed moral concepts based on concerns about justice, welfare a...

Research paper thumbnail of Encadenamiento de desplazamientos: el transporte público de Santiago como productor de actividad comercial

El encadenamiento de desplazamientos corresponde a una estrategia de movilidad que permite a las ... more El encadenamiento de desplazamientos corresponde a una estrategia de movilidad que permite a las personas satisfacer multiples necesidades con desplazamientos de bajo costo. En Santiago de Chile esta estrategia fue universalizada por la implementacion de Transantiago, modificando la estructura de la ciudad. Este texto corresponde a un estudio exploratorio sobre este fenomeno y para ello se analiza un punto de intercambio modal dinamico (Metro Elisa Correa) localizado en un sector que historicamente estuvo desprovisto de servicios y que hoy posee vendedores ambulantes, comercio establecido y grandes almacenes. No obstante, este dinamismo parece ser fragil y depende de la variabilidad de los flujos y de las politicas de transporte publico.

Research paper thumbnail of Descriptive study of the effects dogs have as pets in the development of gross motor skills in 5 years old healthy infants

Introduction. Gross motor is oneof the elements that make up the integral development of children... more Introduction. Gross motor is oneof the elements that make up the integral development of children. It gets structured since the child is born until its consolidation when they are somewhere between 12 and 15 years old. Many factors influence it, such as genetics plus social, psychological and environmental situations. Among the latter, the relations the child has with other living beings, among which pets (ands especially dogs) can be highlighted for research purposes, are included. Objective. To describe the effects dogs have, as pets, on the development of gross motor skills among 5 years old healthy children from educational institutions in Itagüí, by comparing those children with others who do not own dogs. Materials and Methods. A survey was made to gather information. It had the allowance of parents or tutors, so the children could be a part of the case and control groups in this research. For assessing the children's motor skills, Vitor Da Fonseca's psychomotor batter...

Research paper thumbnail of Movilidad femenina en Santiago de Chile: reproducción de inequidades en la metrópolis, el barrio y el espacio público

urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana, 2015

La construcción social que asocia a las mujeres con la mantención y cuidado del hogar las muestra... more La construcción social que asocia a las mujeres con la mantención y cuidado del hogar las muestra como un grupo con baja disponibilidad de tiempo y con limitadas capacidades de desplazamiento urbano. La limitación se traduce en una movilidad diferenciada, acotada y vulnerable a fenómenos tan diversos como su lugar de residencia y la calidad del espacio público. En el caso de Santiago de Chile, existen diferencias considerables en la movilidad según género, edad y estrato socioeconómico, destacándose una mayor fragilidad en grupos de escasos recursos que habitan en barrios producidos por el Estado durante la segunda mitad del siglo pasado. Mediante indicadores cuantitativos y herramientas cualitativas, el presente texto tiene por propósito caracterizar la movilidad femenina en Santiago en tres escalas: metropolitana, barrial y local. La evidencia muestra que existen disparidades en los todos los niveles. En la escala metropolitana las mujeres de ingresos altos exhiben un elevado núme...

Research paper thumbnail of Colombian Children and Adolescents’ Narratives Accounts about Experiences of Harm

Far too many children and adolescents around the world are growing up in contexts of adversity. E... more Far too many children and adolescents around the world are growing up in contexts of adversity. Experiences of violence, as well as poverty, injustices, and illegality have been found to be risk factors for social development. For example, research findings show that exposure to violence is related to aggressive behaviors and to the approval of retaliation (e.g., Barkin, Kreiter, & DuRant, 2001; Guerra, Huesmann, & Spindler, 2003; Posada & Wainryb, 2008). The goal of this study was to investigate how Colombian children and adolescents from different schools located in violent areas of Bogota, Colombia, understand and evaluate situations of harm in which they have been involved as victim and as victimizers. Studies with Colombian displaced children and adolescents have shown that they condemn the use of violence and consider it morally wrong and undesirable (Posada, 2008; Posada & Wainryb, 2008). Although they have constructed moral concepts based on concerns about justice, welfare a...