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Papers by Federica Crocco
The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport st... more The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport structure in which passengers travel. Given that in many cases urban transportation modeling treats passenger and freight transportation separately, this paper proposes a modeling system to simulate goods movements at an urban scale which combines urban personal travel and commodity flows (commodity flows are generated in order to support a given need). Demand forecast is extremely important for the analysis and the modeling of transportation systems because the planning of infrastructures and services of transports results from the necessity to satisfy the needs of mobility and its characteristics. The scientific literature about freight transportation provides fewer studies than the literature about passenger transportation. Regan and Garrido (20) proposed a comprehensive state of the art of freight demand models, which can be classified into gravity models (Hutchinson (11) List and Turn...
The possibility to mitigate the noise by interventions of urban traffic control requires that the... more The possibility to mitigate the noise by interventions of urban traffic control requires that the local authority has a simple and reliable method for predicting road traffic noise. Based on the results of previous studies (Barone et al 2011 [2], Crocco et al, 2011 [8]), a model for the estimation of the noise has been proposed that takes into account the characteristics of traffic flow, type of road infrastructure, the width of the road section, the road surface (traditional or acoustic) and the distance of the source. The implementation of the model has been made possible by the development of data collected as part of campaigns for the photometric measurements carried out within the urban area of Crotone. The results obtained show a good reliability of the prediction model as a function of the considered parameters, which are the traffic flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles detected and positioning of noise sources. The model has been appropriately specified, calibrated and val...
The Sustainable World, 2010
The current tendency is to attribute the cause of each road accident to certain factors that, clo... more The current tendency is to attribute the cause of each road accident to certain factors that, closely related, define a system whose crisis points can construct serious elements of danger for road safety. The situation then becomes complex when it is impossible to attribute the cause of an accident to a sole component of the system 'driver-vehicle-environment-infrastructure', because more than one problem is present when investigating the path leading up to an event and it is unclear in what measure to hold the driver responsible for actions that have risked his or her own life, and in many cases, the lives of others. This is a problem that cannot be solved by assigning closed formulas when the investigation of different locations presents diverse characteristics and the variables in play can change even slightly from case to case in the same network under study. In this article, logistic regression models are proposed to evaluate the reliability of a roadway, where it is understood as a probability that a driver travels along a path in a specific period of time and in specific operative conditions, without an accident with injury or death occurring. The analysis has been conducted globally, placing in contemporaneous correlation infrastructural, environmental and behavioural components. The models have been applied to a stretch of freeway and state roads in the province of Cosenza (Italy) by defining the seriousness of the accidents that occurred.
Ingegneria Ferroviaria
A quantitative evaluation of how railway capacity suffers negatively from the effect that elevate... more A quantitative evaluation of how railway capacity suffers negatively from the effect that elevated train heterogeneity can have on the circulation in a line close to saturation, that is each time the quantity of circulating trains in line reaches values near capacity is discussed. Railway capacity is a quantity that points out the maximum number of trains that can circulate on a line in a given time span. Interaction among trains that use the same railway infrastructure and that transit at different speeds is analyzed through a simplified model of the simulation of circulation in line, through which it is possible to define railway capacity in a changeable time span. On lines characterized by heterogeneous circulation, this aspect determines a more rapid achievement of conditions of saturation, with consequent decline of service quality. The problem related to the compatibility of such timeframes with the real demands of operational programs and the consequent sequences of train dep...
The increasing sensitivity to environmental issues leads researchers to study and formulate appro... more The increasing sensitivity to environmental issues leads researchers to study and formulate appropriate models to analyze the correlations between environment-infrastructure-man. In this area of research attention has been paid to issues related to noise pollution, how is attested to by the vast amount of literature on the subject. In particular, the traffic noise of motor vehicles, as main source in urban areas, makes up part of general environment problem which inflicts serious damage to the health of human beings and lowers their labor productivity. Due the increasing number of vehicles circulating in the big cities, the noise pollution becomes a problem because of the constant traffic on the roads makes some places reach the highest level of noise. Therefore, the control of traffic noise has become a matter of major concern for communities trying to maintain a satisfactory environment in which to live and work. To ensure a high quality environment, methods for prediction the urb...
Travelers and goods that move in a given area constitute the demand for transportation service of... more Travelers and goods that move in a given area constitute the demand for transportation service offered by the system on examination. Demand forecast is extremely important for the analysis and the modeling of transportation systems because the planning of infrastructures and services of transports results from the necessity to satisfy the needs of mobility and its characteristics. The scientific literature about freight transportation provides fewer studies than the literature about passenger transportation. A state of art of freight demand models has been proposed by Regan and Garrido [20]. Urban freight demand models could be classified into gravity models (Hutchinson [10]; List and Turnquist [12]; Taylor [28]; Fridstrom [3]; Russo and Comi [21, 22, 23]), input-output models (Harris and Liu [5]; Marzano and Papola [13]), models of spatial equilibrium of the prices (Oppenheim [19]; Nagurney [15]). In this paper the results of an experimental survey conducted in a medium-sized city ...
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2011
This paper proposes the design of a management system of territorial planning and mobility, analy... more This paper proposes the design of a management system of territorial planning and mobility, analyzing the relationships between the urban structure and mobility data from ISTAT statistics and field surveys. The preliminary step involves the calibration of a matrix of data mobility through an optimization model. The next step develops a system implemented in a GIS environment aimed to shape the spatial analysis of territorial features with determined mobility data. Using GIS, thematic maps can be prepared to display the mobility flows that take place in the area. The study is mainly aimed at identifying relationships between territorial and mobility variables. The expected results may help to define the strategies required for the planning of urban public transport and for location of suburban interchange nodes.
International Journal of …, 2010
Abstract—The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same tra... more Abstract—The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport structure in which passengers travel. Given that in many cases urban transportation modeling treats passenger and freight transportation separately, this paper ...
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
In the era of the new economy, research on freight transport and logistics in urban areas can not... more In the era of the new economy, research on freight transport and logistics in urban areas can not ignore the impact of the internet on society. From the point of view of e-commerce, the Web is joined in the daily life of the Italians not only for the growing opportunities to shop at better conditions than the other channels, but for the enormous possibilities that the Internet provides for those who has time, desire and interest to search the site data and useful information to make more effective shopping for a product or a service. The effects of these changes on the transport demand are manifold: on the one hand, the use of virtual activities replaces a series of physical movements, on the other hand the individual who carries out these activities virtually could use the time saved to perform other tasks or perform another type of movement. No less important are the impact of e-commerce on the distribution, since the online purchasing determine, in a specific area, a number of po...
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
Nowadays vehicles committed to the distribution of goods in urban areas are a significant load on... more Nowadays vehicles committed to the distribution of goods in urban areas are a significant load on transport infrastructure in terms of congestion, accidents, noise and air pollution. We can no longer think about intervening through the construction of infrastructure: sooner or later the new infrastructure will be congested, and externalities will increase with traffic growth. It should, however, point to a careful examination of the structural factors of mobility, ie the understanding and reading of demand, rather than focusing exclusively on the offer. Analysis of mobility demand, and therefore trends and characteristics of the entities that actually move and produce mobility, is essential to deal with the best management of a transport system and, at the same time, of a territory. The paper provides a review of freight transport demand models for applications in urban areas. A methodology for evaluating freight transport in medium-sized cities is proposed in order to enable the de...
The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport st... more The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport structure in which passengers travel. Given that in many cases urban transportation modeling treats passenger and freight transportation separately, this paper proposes a modeling system to simulate goods movements at an urban scale which combines urban personal travel and commodity flows (commodity flows are generated in order to support a given need). Demand forecast is extremely important for the analysis and the modeling of transportation systems because the planning of infrastructures and services of transports results from the necessity to satisfy the needs of mobility and its characteristics. The scientific literature about freight transportation provides fewer studies than the literature about passenger transportation. Regan and Garrido (20) proposed a comprehensive state of the art of freight demand models, which can be classified into gravity models (Hutchinson (11) List and Turn...
The possibility to mitigate the noise by interventions of urban traffic control requires that the... more The possibility to mitigate the noise by interventions of urban traffic control requires that the local authority has a simple and reliable method for predicting road traffic noise. Based on the results of previous studies (Barone et al 2011 [2], Crocco et al, 2011 [8]), a model for the estimation of the noise has been proposed that takes into account the characteristics of traffic flow, type of road infrastructure, the width of the road section, the road surface (traditional or acoustic) and the distance of the source. The implementation of the model has been made possible by the development of data collected as part of campaigns for the photometric measurements carried out within the urban area of Crotone. The results obtained show a good reliability of the prediction model as a function of the considered parameters, which are the traffic flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles detected and positioning of noise sources. The model has been appropriately specified, calibrated and val...
The Sustainable World, 2010
The current tendency is to attribute the cause of each road accident to certain factors that, clo... more The current tendency is to attribute the cause of each road accident to certain factors that, closely related, define a system whose crisis points can construct serious elements of danger for road safety. The situation then becomes complex when it is impossible to attribute the cause of an accident to a sole component of the system 'driver-vehicle-environment-infrastructure', because more than one problem is present when investigating the path leading up to an event and it is unclear in what measure to hold the driver responsible for actions that have risked his or her own life, and in many cases, the lives of others. This is a problem that cannot be solved by assigning closed formulas when the investigation of different locations presents diverse characteristics and the variables in play can change even slightly from case to case in the same network under study. In this article, logistic regression models are proposed to evaluate the reliability of a roadway, where it is understood as a probability that a driver travels along a path in a specific period of time and in specific operative conditions, without an accident with injury or death occurring. The analysis has been conducted globally, placing in contemporaneous correlation infrastructural, environmental and behavioural components. The models have been applied to a stretch of freeway and state roads in the province of Cosenza (Italy) by defining the seriousness of the accidents that occurred.
Ingegneria Ferroviaria
A quantitative evaluation of how railway capacity suffers negatively from the effect that elevate... more A quantitative evaluation of how railway capacity suffers negatively from the effect that elevated train heterogeneity can have on the circulation in a line close to saturation, that is each time the quantity of circulating trains in line reaches values near capacity is discussed. Railway capacity is a quantity that points out the maximum number of trains that can circulate on a line in a given time span. Interaction among trains that use the same railway infrastructure and that transit at different speeds is analyzed through a simplified model of the simulation of circulation in line, through which it is possible to define railway capacity in a changeable time span. On lines characterized by heterogeneous circulation, this aspect determines a more rapid achievement of conditions of saturation, with consequent decline of service quality. The problem related to the compatibility of such timeframes with the real demands of operational programs and the consequent sequences of train dep...
The increasing sensitivity to environmental issues leads researchers to study and formulate appro... more The increasing sensitivity to environmental issues leads researchers to study and formulate appropriate models to analyze the correlations between environment-infrastructure-man. In this area of research attention has been paid to issues related to noise pollution, how is attested to by the vast amount of literature on the subject. In particular, the traffic noise of motor vehicles, as main source in urban areas, makes up part of general environment problem which inflicts serious damage to the health of human beings and lowers their labor productivity. Due the increasing number of vehicles circulating in the big cities, the noise pollution becomes a problem because of the constant traffic on the roads makes some places reach the highest level of noise. Therefore, the control of traffic noise has become a matter of major concern for communities trying to maintain a satisfactory environment in which to live and work. To ensure a high quality environment, methods for prediction the urb...
Travelers and goods that move in a given area constitute the demand for transportation service of... more Travelers and goods that move in a given area constitute the demand for transportation service offered by the system on examination. Demand forecast is extremely important for the analysis and the modeling of transportation systems because the planning of infrastructures and services of transports results from the necessity to satisfy the needs of mobility and its characteristics. The scientific literature about freight transportation provides fewer studies than the literature about passenger transportation. A state of art of freight demand models has been proposed by Regan and Garrido [20]. Urban freight demand models could be classified into gravity models (Hutchinson [10]; List and Turnquist [12]; Taylor [28]; Fridstrom [3]; Russo and Comi [21, 22, 23]), input-output models (Harris and Liu [5]; Marzano and Papola [13]), models of spatial equilibrium of the prices (Oppenheim [19]; Nagurney [15]). In this paper the results of an experimental survey conducted in a medium-sized city ...
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2011
This paper proposes the design of a management system of territorial planning and mobility, analy... more This paper proposes the design of a management system of territorial planning and mobility, analyzing the relationships between the urban structure and mobility data from ISTAT statistics and field surveys. The preliminary step involves the calibration of a matrix of data mobility through an optimization model. The next step develops a system implemented in a GIS environment aimed to shape the spatial analysis of territorial features with determined mobility data. Using GIS, thematic maps can be prepared to display the mobility flows that take place in the area. The study is mainly aimed at identifying relationships between territorial and mobility variables. The expected results may help to define the strategies required for the planning of urban public transport and for location of suburban interchange nodes.
International Journal of …, 2010
Abstract—The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same tra... more Abstract—The urban transport system is a complex system in which freight is moved in the same transport structure in which passengers travel. Given that in many cases urban transportation modeling treats passenger and freight transportation separately, this paper ...
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
In the era of the new economy, research on freight transport and logistics in urban areas can not... more In the era of the new economy, research on freight transport and logistics in urban areas can not ignore the impact of the internet on society. From the point of view of e-commerce, the Web is joined in the daily life of the Italians not only for the growing opportunities to shop at better conditions than the other channels, but for the enormous possibilities that the Internet provides for those who has time, desire and interest to search the site data and useful information to make more effective shopping for a product or a service. The effects of these changes on the transport demand are manifold: on the one hand, the use of virtual activities replaces a series of physical movements, on the other hand the individual who carries out these activities virtually could use the time saved to perform other tasks or perform another type of movement. No less important are the impact of e-commerce on the distribution, since the online purchasing determine, in a specific area, a number of po...
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
Nowadays vehicles committed to the distribution of goods in urban areas are a significant load on... more Nowadays vehicles committed to the distribution of goods in urban areas are a significant load on transport infrastructure in terms of congestion, accidents, noise and air pollution. We can no longer think about intervening through the construction of infrastructure: sooner or later the new infrastructure will be congested, and externalities will increase with traffic growth. It should, however, point to a careful examination of the structural factors of mobility, ie the understanding and reading of demand, rather than focusing exclusively on the offer. Analysis of mobility demand, and therefore trends and characteristics of the entities that actually move and produce mobility, is essential to deal with the best management of a transport system and, at the same time, of a territory. The paper provides a review of freight transport demand models for applications in urban areas. A methodology for evaluating freight transport in medium-sized cities is proposed in order to enable the de...