Cuong Nguyen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Cuong Nguyen

35th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Sep 29, 2011

The use of low-power solid-state transmitters in weather radar to keep costs down requires a puls... more The use of low-power solid-state transmitters in weather radar to keep costs down requires a pulse compression technique that maintains an adequate minimum detectable signal. However, wideband pulse compression filters will partly reduce the system's sensitivity performance. In this paper, a sensitivity enhancement system (SES) for pulse compression weather radar is developed to mitigate this issue. SES uses a dual-waveform transmission scheme and an adaptive pulse compression filter. The waveforms' diversity can be done in the frequency domain or the time domain. The adaptive filter is designed based on the self-consistency between signal returns from the two waveforms. Analysis based on radar-simulated data and observations from NASA's dual-frequency dualpolarized Doppler radar (D3R) shows that by using SES, the system sensitivity can be improved by 7-10 dB when compared to that of the conventional matched filter. Publisher's Note: This article was revised on 30 December 2014 to include a final sentence in the Acknowledgments section that was left out when originally published.

ACP journal club, Jul 1, 2005

In patients at high risk of colonic neoplasia, what is the comparative accuracy of air contrast b... more In patients at high risk of colonic neoplasia, what is the comparative accuracy of air contrast barium enema (ACBE), computed tomographic colonography (CTC), and colonoscopy for detecting large colonic polyps? METHODS Design: blinded comparison of ACBE, CTC, and colonoscopy.

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, May 1, 2007

A 74-year-old man presented to an outpatient clinic with progressive onset of dysphagia and odyno... more A 74-year-old man presented to an outpatient clinic with progressive onset of dysphagia and odynophagia four days after a barbeque meal. He remembered a transient swallowing discomfort after taking the first bite of his meal but did not pay much attention to his symptomatology until experiencing a more permanent scraping sensation at his neck and upper thoracic region. The patient was supposed to have an otorhinolaryngologic consultation the following day. However, severe odynophagia forced him to visit the emergency services of our institution the same day. Chest radiograph showed a barely visible curvilinear metallic foreign body superior to the medial aspect of the left clavicle (Fig. 1). A soluble-contrast esophagram showed a small wire extrinsic to the esophagus, and no esophageal perforation. There was, however, a mass effect medial to the wire with right deviation of the opacified proximal esophageal lumen (Fig. 2). An emergent CT scan confirmed the extra-esophageal migration of a 2.5-cm metallic wire into the left superior mediastinum, in close proximity to the internal carotid artery (Fig. 3).

This study is on progressive collapse analysis of a sample steel building using various procedure... more This study is on progressive collapse analysis of a sample steel building using various procedures suggested by the General Service Administration and the Department of Defense. The progressive collapse was accommodated by removing columns as per above guidelines. The analysis methods considered were linear static, linear dynamic, non-linear static and nonlinear dynamic using SAP2000 structural simulation program. The analysis model was a 3D nine-storey steel moment resisting building. For linear analysis, rigid moment connections were used, while for nonlinear analysis pre-Northridge connections were used. The effect of an extreme event was incorporated by removing a column in the analysis model. The static analysis was performed on the model with a column removed subjected to static gravity loadings. The dynamic analysis employed a ramp function to simulate the dynamic effect of the removal of a column. For nonlinear analysis, material nonlinearity was incorporated using strength degrading nonlinear hinges of pre-Northridge connections as per FEMA 356. The paper documents the results of this analysis with comparison among methods. The potential for collapse and performance levels of the building were determined using the demand capacity ratio and the rotational limit obtained through the analysis.

OhmniLabs, Inc. builds robotic platforms that power the future robot economy. One of the company ... more OhmniLabs, Inc. builds robotic platforms that power the future robot economy. One of the company products is Ohmni, a home robot that bring families closer through telepresence. Ohmni helps to enhance the user experience by having the robot be human height with a fluid moving neck so the call receiver can feel like he or she is talking to a real human. The project aims to build a user authentication module, a website for OhmniLabs new users to create their account so they can login to gain access to their Ohmni robots. The website should be reliable and easy for people who do not have experience using technology such as elderly people, who are the main customers of the company. The project is also creating a self-service module so the users can automatically reset their password in case that they forget it. The module will be integrated with the existing video call system of OhmniLabs.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2003

In 1948, Ackerman (1), first described verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSC) as a variant of or... more In 1948, Ackerman (1), first described verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSC) as a variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Fewer than 20 cases have been reported. These tumors are slow growing, well-differentiated, irregular wartlike masses with a propensity for local invasion into surrounding tissue. They have been described in the mouth, nasal cavity, larynx, glans penis, scrotum, vulva, vagina, cervix, endometrium, urinary bladder, and anorectal region. VSCs are typically associated with chronic mucosal irritation or a long-term local disease process. Symptoms are insidious and are usually present for a long time before the diagnosis is made. Dysphagia and weight loss are typical at presentation, and usually there is a long delay between the onset of symptoms and detection of the lesion. These tumors uniformly respond well to surgical excision if they are diagnosed before invasion of local tissue. Endoscopically, VSC of the esophagus has a shaggy, white, exophytic, wartlike appearance (hence the name "verrucous"). A conclusive diagnosis of VSC is difficult to make because superficial biopsies tend to show only nonspecific acanthosis, parakeratosis, or hyperkeratosis, with associated acute and chronic inflammation. Deeper, full-thickness biopsies or a fully resected specimen is often needed to detect invasion through the superficial epithelium which is the distinguishing diagnostic feature of VSC. Morbidity and mortality are usually due to complications from local invasion. Metastasis is considered to be exceptionally rare (2). Without esophageal resection, mortality is very high, and patients often die within days Manuscript

Proceedings of SPIE, Feb 8, 2007

ABSTRACT The ultrasonic vibration potential refers to the voltage generated when ultrasound trave... more ABSTRACT The ultrasonic vibration potential refers to the voltage generated when ultrasound traverses a colloidal or ionic fluid. The theory of imaging based on the vibration potential is reviewed, and an expression given that can be used to determine the signal from arbitrary objects. The experimental apparatus consists of a pair of parallel plates connected to the irradiated body, a low noise preamplifier, a radio frequency lock-in amplifier, translation stages for the ultrasonic transducer that generates the ultrasound, and a computer for data storage and image formation. Experiments are reported where bursts of ultrasound are directed onto colloidal silica objects placed within inert bodies.

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2023

We introduce a new and rigorously-formulated PAC-Bayes meta-learning algorithm that solves few-sh... more We introduce a new and rigorously-formulated PAC-Bayes meta-learning algorithm that solves few-shot learning. Our proposed method extends the PAC-Bayes framework from a single task setting to the meta-learning multiple task setting to upper-bound the error evaluated on any, even unseen, tasks and samples. We also propose a generative-based approach to estimate the posterior of task-specific model parameters more expressively compared to the usual assumption based on a multivariate normal distribution with a diagonal covariance matrix. We show that the models trained with our proposed meta-learning algorithm are well calibrated and accurate, with state-of-the-art calibration and classification results on few-shot classification (mini-ImageNet and tiered-ImageNet) and regression (multi-modal task-distribution regression) benchmarks.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2021

Inorganic Chemistry, Jun 27, 2023

Phytotaxa, May 12, 2023

This paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained from field explorations ... more This paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained from field explorations made mainly in 2015–2022, as well as from the study of some historical collections housed at the Herbaria of Russia and Vietnam. It includes descriptions of two species new to science (Coelogyne phitamii and Cymbidium sangii), reports of one genus (Stigmatodactylus), and eleven species new to the flora of Vietnam (Coelogyne fuliginosa, C. suaveolens, Cremastra malipoensis, Cymbidium cochleare, C. goeringii, C. macrorhizon, Holcoglossum nagalandense, Miguelia shenzhenica, Otochilus lancilabius, Pelatantheria bicuspidata, Stigmatodactylus sikokianus). Three new nomenclature combinations (Biermannia averyanovii (Vuong, Kumar, V.H.Bui & V.S.Dang.) Aver., Miguelia shenzhenica (Z.J.Liu & S.C.Chen) Aver., Panisea sondangii (Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui) Aver.) and lectotypes for three species (Coelogyne suaveolens, Otochilus lancilabius, Pelatantheria bicuspidata) are proposed. Data on accepted names, main synonyms, etymology (for newly described species), morphological description, studied specimens, ecology, phenology, and distribution, conservation status assessment according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, brief taxonomic notes, and illustrations are provided for each species listed.

Biochemical Engineering Journal, Dec 1, 2013

The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for land d-lactic acid production from raw swee... more The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for land d-lactic acid production from raw sweet potato through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus coryniformis, respectively. The effects of enzyme and nitrogen source concentrations as well as of the ratio of raw material to medium were investigated. At dried material concentrations of 136.36-219.51 g L −1 , yields of 90.13-91.17% (w/w) and productivities of 3.41-3.83 g L −1 h −1 were obtained with lactic acid concentrations as high as 198.32 g L −1 for l-lactic acid production. In addition, d-lactic acid was produced with yields of 90.11-84.92% (w/w) and productivities of 2.55-3.11 g L −1 h −1 with a maximum concentration of 186.40 g L −1 at the same concentrations of dried material. The simple and efficient process described in this study will benefit the tuber and root-based lactic acid industries without requiring alterations in plant equipment.

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Sep 1, 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of digital image analysis in differentiating en... more The purpose of this study was to explore the role of digital image analysis in differentiating endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) features of potentially malignant gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (SELs) from those of benign lesions. Methods. Forty-six patients with histopathologically confirmed gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), carcinoids, and lipomas who had undergone EUS evaluation were identified from our database. Representative regions of interest (ROIs) were selected from the EUS images, and features were extracted by texture analysis. On the basis of these features, an artificial neural network (ANN) was built, trained, and internally validated by unsupervised learning followed by supervised learning. Outcomes were the performance characteristics of the ANN. Results. A total of 106, 111, and 124 ROIs were selected from EUS images of 8, 10, and 28 patients with lipomas, carcinoids, and GISTs, respectively. For each ROI, 228 statistical parameters were extracted and later reduced to the 11 most informative features by principal component analysis. After training with 50% of the data, the remainder of the data were used to validate the ANN. The model was "good" in differentiating carcinoids and GISTs, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.86 and 0.89, respectively. The model was "excellent" in identifying lipomas correctly, with an AUC of 0.92. Conclusions. Digital image analysis of EUS images is a useful noninvasive adjunct to EUS evaluation of SELs.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2023

Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference, 2007

Biomedical Research and Therapy, Sep 5, 2017

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell, generating abnormal immunoglobulins in the bloo... more Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell, generating abnormal immunoglobulins in the blood and urin. From January 2012 to December 2014, we performed chromosome analysis and treatment for 44 MM patients with the regimens containing Bortezomib (VD, VMP, VD plus autologus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) at the Hematology department, Cho Ray hospital. The patient median of age was 64 year old, with the proportion of male/female was 0.83. IgG and IgA were two most common M-protein with accounting for 44.7% and 22.7%, respectively. Patients were usually admitted to the hospital late in phase II and III of disease. 43 of 44 MM patient haboring chromosomal abnormalities. Karyotyping analysis results showed that 3.7% cases with hypodiploidy and 14.8% cases hyperdiploidy. Translocation t(4;14), t(6;14), t(11;14) and t(14;16) were found in 6.8%, 4.5%, 11.3% and 4.5% of cases, respectively. Del(13q) and del(17p) accounted for 31.8% and 29.5% of cases. High risk group was found in 40.9% of cases. Patients carrying the translocation t(4;14) had the worse prognosis than other abnormalities with low response rate and overall survival, whereas higher rate of mortality. Results of our study showed that chromosomal abnormalities in MM are diversity and high percentage that affect the prognosis. Therefore, we need to indentify chromosomal abnormalities before treatment to select appropriate therapy regiments.

35th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Sep 29, 2011

The use of low-power solid-state transmitters in weather radar to keep costs down requires a puls... more The use of low-power solid-state transmitters in weather radar to keep costs down requires a pulse compression technique that maintains an adequate minimum detectable signal. However, wideband pulse compression filters will partly reduce the system's sensitivity performance. In this paper, a sensitivity enhancement system (SES) for pulse compression weather radar is developed to mitigate this issue. SES uses a dual-waveform transmission scheme and an adaptive pulse compression filter. The waveforms' diversity can be done in the frequency domain or the time domain. The adaptive filter is designed based on the self-consistency between signal returns from the two waveforms. Analysis based on radar-simulated data and observations from NASA's dual-frequency dualpolarized Doppler radar (D3R) shows that by using SES, the system sensitivity can be improved by 7-10 dB when compared to that of the conventional matched filter. Publisher's Note: This article was revised on 30 December 2014 to include a final sentence in the Acknowledgments section that was left out when originally published.

ACP journal club, Jul 1, 2005

In patients at high risk of colonic neoplasia, what is the comparative accuracy of air contrast b... more In patients at high risk of colonic neoplasia, what is the comparative accuracy of air contrast barium enema (ACBE), computed tomographic colonography (CTC), and colonoscopy for detecting large colonic polyps? METHODS Design: blinded comparison of ACBE, CTC, and colonoscopy.

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, May 1, 2007

A 74-year-old man presented to an outpatient clinic with progressive onset of dysphagia and odyno... more A 74-year-old man presented to an outpatient clinic with progressive onset of dysphagia and odynophagia four days after a barbeque meal. He remembered a transient swallowing discomfort after taking the first bite of his meal but did not pay much attention to his symptomatology until experiencing a more permanent scraping sensation at his neck and upper thoracic region. The patient was supposed to have an otorhinolaryngologic consultation the following day. However, severe odynophagia forced him to visit the emergency services of our institution the same day. Chest radiograph showed a barely visible curvilinear metallic foreign body superior to the medial aspect of the left clavicle (Fig. 1). A soluble-contrast esophagram showed a small wire extrinsic to the esophagus, and no esophageal perforation. There was, however, a mass effect medial to the wire with right deviation of the opacified proximal esophageal lumen (Fig. 2). An emergent CT scan confirmed the extra-esophageal migration of a 2.5-cm metallic wire into the left superior mediastinum, in close proximity to the internal carotid artery (Fig. 3).

This study is on progressive collapse analysis of a sample steel building using various procedure... more This study is on progressive collapse analysis of a sample steel building using various procedures suggested by the General Service Administration and the Department of Defense. The progressive collapse was accommodated by removing columns as per above guidelines. The analysis methods considered were linear static, linear dynamic, non-linear static and nonlinear dynamic using SAP2000 structural simulation program. The analysis model was a 3D nine-storey steel moment resisting building. For linear analysis, rigid moment connections were used, while for nonlinear analysis pre-Northridge connections were used. The effect of an extreme event was incorporated by removing a column in the analysis model. The static analysis was performed on the model with a column removed subjected to static gravity loadings. The dynamic analysis employed a ramp function to simulate the dynamic effect of the removal of a column. For nonlinear analysis, material nonlinearity was incorporated using strength degrading nonlinear hinges of pre-Northridge connections as per FEMA 356. The paper documents the results of this analysis with comparison among methods. The potential for collapse and performance levels of the building were determined using the demand capacity ratio and the rotational limit obtained through the analysis.

OhmniLabs, Inc. builds robotic platforms that power the future robot economy. One of the company ... more OhmniLabs, Inc. builds robotic platforms that power the future robot economy. One of the company products is Ohmni, a home robot that bring families closer through telepresence. Ohmni helps to enhance the user experience by having the robot be human height with a fluid moving neck so the call receiver can feel like he or she is talking to a real human. The project aims to build a user authentication module, a website for OhmniLabs new users to create their account so they can login to gain access to their Ohmni robots. The website should be reliable and easy for people who do not have experience using technology such as elderly people, who are the main customers of the company. The project is also creating a self-service module so the users can automatically reset their password in case that they forget it. The module will be integrated with the existing video call system of OhmniLabs.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2003

In 1948, Ackerman (1), first described verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSC) as a variant of or... more In 1948, Ackerman (1), first described verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSC) as a variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Fewer than 20 cases have been reported. These tumors are slow growing, well-differentiated, irregular wartlike masses with a propensity for local invasion into surrounding tissue. They have been described in the mouth, nasal cavity, larynx, glans penis, scrotum, vulva, vagina, cervix, endometrium, urinary bladder, and anorectal region. VSCs are typically associated with chronic mucosal irritation or a long-term local disease process. Symptoms are insidious and are usually present for a long time before the diagnosis is made. Dysphagia and weight loss are typical at presentation, and usually there is a long delay between the onset of symptoms and detection of the lesion. These tumors uniformly respond well to surgical excision if they are diagnosed before invasion of local tissue. Endoscopically, VSC of the esophagus has a shaggy, white, exophytic, wartlike appearance (hence the name "verrucous"). A conclusive diagnosis of VSC is difficult to make because superficial biopsies tend to show only nonspecific acanthosis, parakeratosis, or hyperkeratosis, with associated acute and chronic inflammation. Deeper, full-thickness biopsies or a fully resected specimen is often needed to detect invasion through the superficial epithelium which is the distinguishing diagnostic feature of VSC. Morbidity and mortality are usually due to complications from local invasion. Metastasis is considered to be exceptionally rare (2). Without esophageal resection, mortality is very high, and patients often die within days Manuscript

Proceedings of SPIE, Feb 8, 2007

ABSTRACT The ultrasonic vibration potential refers to the voltage generated when ultrasound trave... more ABSTRACT The ultrasonic vibration potential refers to the voltage generated when ultrasound traverses a colloidal or ionic fluid. The theory of imaging based on the vibration potential is reviewed, and an expression given that can be used to determine the signal from arbitrary objects. The experimental apparatus consists of a pair of parallel plates connected to the irradiated body, a low noise preamplifier, a radio frequency lock-in amplifier, translation stages for the ultrasonic transducer that generates the ultrasound, and a computer for data storage and image formation. Experiments are reported where bursts of ultrasound are directed onto colloidal silica objects placed within inert bodies.

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2023

We introduce a new and rigorously-formulated PAC-Bayes meta-learning algorithm that solves few-sh... more We introduce a new and rigorously-formulated PAC-Bayes meta-learning algorithm that solves few-shot learning. Our proposed method extends the PAC-Bayes framework from a single task setting to the meta-learning multiple task setting to upper-bound the error evaluated on any, even unseen, tasks and samples. We also propose a generative-based approach to estimate the posterior of task-specific model parameters more expressively compared to the usual assumption based on a multivariate normal distribution with a diagonal covariance matrix. We show that the models trained with our proposed meta-learning algorithm are well calibrated and accurate, with state-of-the-art calibration and classification results on few-shot classification (mini-ImageNet and tiered-ImageNet) and regression (multi-modal task-distribution regression) benchmarks.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2021

Inorganic Chemistry, Jun 27, 2023

Phytotaxa, May 12, 2023

This paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained from field explorations ... more This paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained from field explorations made mainly in 2015–2022, as well as from the study of some historical collections housed at the Herbaria of Russia and Vietnam. It includes descriptions of two species new to science (Coelogyne phitamii and Cymbidium sangii), reports of one genus (Stigmatodactylus), and eleven species new to the flora of Vietnam (Coelogyne fuliginosa, C. suaveolens, Cremastra malipoensis, Cymbidium cochleare, C. goeringii, C. macrorhizon, Holcoglossum nagalandense, Miguelia shenzhenica, Otochilus lancilabius, Pelatantheria bicuspidata, Stigmatodactylus sikokianus). Three new nomenclature combinations (Biermannia averyanovii (Vuong, Kumar, V.H.Bui & V.S.Dang.) Aver., Miguelia shenzhenica (Z.J.Liu & S.C.Chen) Aver., Panisea sondangii (Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui) Aver.) and lectotypes for three species (Coelogyne suaveolens, Otochilus lancilabius, Pelatantheria bicuspidata) are proposed. Data on accepted names, main synonyms, etymology (for newly described species), morphological description, studied specimens, ecology, phenology, and distribution, conservation status assessment according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, brief taxonomic notes, and illustrations are provided for each species listed.

Biochemical Engineering Journal, Dec 1, 2013

The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for land d-lactic acid production from raw swee... more The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for land d-lactic acid production from raw sweet potato through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus coryniformis, respectively. The effects of enzyme and nitrogen source concentrations as well as of the ratio of raw material to medium were investigated. At dried material concentrations of 136.36-219.51 g L −1 , yields of 90.13-91.17% (w/w) and productivities of 3.41-3.83 g L −1 h −1 were obtained with lactic acid concentrations as high as 198.32 g L −1 for l-lactic acid production. In addition, d-lactic acid was produced with yields of 90.11-84.92% (w/w) and productivities of 2.55-3.11 g L −1 h −1 with a maximum concentration of 186.40 g L −1 at the same concentrations of dried material. The simple and efficient process described in this study will benefit the tuber and root-based lactic acid industries without requiring alterations in plant equipment.

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Sep 1, 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of digital image analysis in differentiating en... more The purpose of this study was to explore the role of digital image analysis in differentiating endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) features of potentially malignant gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (SELs) from those of benign lesions. Methods. Forty-six patients with histopathologically confirmed gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), carcinoids, and lipomas who had undergone EUS evaluation were identified from our database. Representative regions of interest (ROIs) were selected from the EUS images, and features were extracted by texture analysis. On the basis of these features, an artificial neural network (ANN) was built, trained, and internally validated by unsupervised learning followed by supervised learning. Outcomes were the performance characteristics of the ANN. Results. A total of 106, 111, and 124 ROIs were selected from EUS images of 8, 10, and 28 patients with lipomas, carcinoids, and GISTs, respectively. For each ROI, 228 statistical parameters were extracted and later reduced to the 11 most informative features by principal component analysis. After training with 50% of the data, the remainder of the data were used to validate the ANN. The model was "good" in differentiating carcinoids and GISTs, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.86 and 0.89, respectively. The model was "excellent" in identifying lipomas correctly, with an AUC of 0.92. Conclusions. Digital image analysis of EUS images is a useful noninvasive adjunct to EUS evaluation of SELs.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2023

Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference, 2007

Biomedical Research and Therapy, Sep 5, 2017

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell, generating abnormal immunoglobulins in the bloo... more Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell, generating abnormal immunoglobulins in the blood and urin. From January 2012 to December 2014, we performed chromosome analysis and treatment for 44 MM patients with the regimens containing Bortezomib (VD, VMP, VD plus autologus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) at the Hematology department, Cho Ray hospital. The patient median of age was 64 year old, with the proportion of male/female was 0.83. IgG and IgA were two most common M-protein with accounting for 44.7% and 22.7%, respectively. Patients were usually admitted to the hospital late in phase II and III of disease. 43 of 44 MM patient haboring chromosomal abnormalities. Karyotyping analysis results showed that 3.7% cases with hypodiploidy and 14.8% cases hyperdiploidy. Translocation t(4;14), t(6;14), t(11;14) and t(14;16) were found in 6.8%, 4.5%, 11.3% and 4.5% of cases, respectively. Del(13q) and del(17p) accounted for 31.8% and 29.5% of cases. High risk group was found in 40.9% of cases. Patients carrying the translocation t(4;14) had the worse prognosis than other abnormalities with low response rate and overall survival, whereas higher rate of mortality. Results of our study showed that chromosomal abnormalities in MM are diversity and high percentage that affect the prognosis. Therefore, we need to indentify chromosomal abnormalities before treatment to select appropriate therapy regiments.