Cynthia Buckley - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Cynthia Buckley

The Journal of Development Studies, 2017

Problems of Post-Communism, 2021

ABSTRACT The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns about the capability of governmen... more ABSTRACT The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns about the capability of governments to develop policies addressing its effects. This article evaluates citizens’ attitudes about their governments’ early responses to the crisis in three post-Soviet countries (Estonia, Georgia, and Ukraine). We explore how the pandemic emerged, focusing on connections among state capacity, government policy interventions, and crisis mitigation. We also use data from the Perceptions and Attitudes on COVID-19 in Eurasia (PACE) survey to evaluate how individual-level attitudes and characteristics are associated with evaluations of government responsiveness. We find that trust in state institutions affects reported satisfaction with crisis responses.

Cognition and Learning in Diverse Settings

This qualitative research study focused upon collaboration between regular and special education ... more This qualitative research study focused upon collaboration between regular and special education teachers in middle school inclusive social studies classrooms. Data sources included interviews, observations and a review of Individualized Education Plans (IEPs). Two pairs ...

Contemporary Sociology-a Journal of Reviews, 2010

Evidence from 'first wave' countries clearly demonstrates the importance of migration i... more Evidence from 'first wave' countries clearly demonstrates the importance of migration in accelerating and widening the spread of HIV infection. Labour migrants, the displaced and the trafficked occupy marginalized social, econom- ic and political positions, which tend to increase the likelihood that they will engage in risk-related behaviour. Across the former Soviet Union, the general rise in HIV infections and massive temporary labour migration from less HIV- prevalent countries in the southern regions to more HIV-prevalent countries in the north highlight the critical importance of understanding how migration shapes the terrain of risk of HIV exposure. What are the direct and indirect effects of large-scale labour migration within the region on HIV risk-related behaviour? Can understanding the sociocultural context of the region extend and expand our understanding of the ways in which male out-migration di- rectly and indirectly alters the risks faced by migrant familie...

Slavic Review, 1995

The former Soviet state openly and directly manipulated patterns of economic development and the ... more The former Soviet state openly and directly manipulated patterns of economic development and the allocation of social resources in order to influence individual-level demographic decision making. In perhaps the most notable example, the state, through an internal passport system and limits on central city registration, attempted to regulate patterns of population movement and urban growth. In this paper I shall show that while the operation of the passport andpropiskasystem was quite similar to market-based signals in terms of individual perceptions of costs and benefits, the non-migration functions of the passport and“propiska,”or registration system, operated in an anti-market fashion. By preventing migrants from integrating themselves into distributional networks in restricted cities, the passportand propiskasystem generated a situation in which potential migrants either acquiredpropiskasthrough semi-legal avenues, denied themselves access to distributional networks or elected no...

Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 1996

"In this paper I explore one specific type of informal support, marital unions, and the ... more "In this paper I explore one specific type of informal support, marital unions, and the ways in which patterns suggest differential access to this support mechanism based on age and sex. Through an examination of marriage patterns in the Russian Federation I show that women may be disadvantaged by low levels of access to marital unions past the age of 50 due to high differential mortality and age differentials at marriage. For both sexes, the probability of marital entrance is negatively related to age, but the negative influence of age follows different paths for men and women. In spite of high sex differentials in mortality, findings indicate that men, over 50 and outside of marital unions, are far more likely to marry than their female counterparts regardless of residence or age."

International Migration, 1998

Many analysts have criticized resettlement institutions for placing displaced people in inappropr... more Many analysts have criticized resettlement institutions for placing displaced people in inappropriate and desolate areas. This article seeks to determine the extent to which the Russian Federal Migration Service (FMS) plays an active, systematic role in the placement of dislocated peoples, focusing on refugees (bezhentsii) and forced settlers (pereselentsii) in the Russian Federation arriving from the Republic of Armenia. Using data on regional-level forced migrations flows, we investigate structural-and choice-based models for the prediction of settlement patterns. Findings indicate that variables associated with models of individual choice best predict the resettlement pattern for forced settlers and refugees from the Armenian Republic in the Russian Federation. Our findings question previously held assumptions regarding the meaning of refugee status and the influence of institutions on settlement location patterns.

Continuity and Change, 1998

Changing established systems of government entitlement is a thorny proposition, even for popular ... more Changing established systems of government entitlement is a thorny proposition, even for popular states with sturdy holds on the reigns of power. The Russian Federation, in the throes of a severe economic downturn, extreme political instability and social crisis, has nonetheless altered the official stance toward forms of entitlement from the previous regime. Benefits cut from the ‘social contract’ have included guaranteed employment, free post-secondary education and access to state-subsidized apartments, in attempts to redefine the lines of authority and responsibility between citizens and the state. Other lines of responsibility appear sacrosanct. The Soviet pension system, more specifically the old age and service pensions, remains in place, but with extreme delays in payment, poor indexing to the cost of living and high levels of tax evasion.In this article I examine the ways in which both the legacy of Soviet pension policies and post-1991 economic and social trends have const...

Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 2009

Page 1. Migration, Homeland, and Belonging in Eurasia Page 2. Page 3. Migration, Homeland, and Be... more Page 1. Migration, Homeland, and Belonging in Eurasia Page 2. Page 3. Migration, Homeland, and Belonging in Eurasia Edited by Cynthia J. Buckley and Blair A. Ruble with Erin Trouth Hofmann Woodrow Wilson Center Press ...

Perspectives on Politics, 2018

other nationalities were neither perpetrators of . . . nor bystanders to” the 1941 pogroms (p. 13... more other nationalities were neither perpetrators of . . . nor bystanders to” the 1941 pogroms (p. 130). That “only” one out of ten localities experienced a pogrom is not surprising—pogroms require collective action, and violence took place in the span of merely a few months, during which some Jews fled east, went into hiding, or died at the hands of the Germans. Nevertheless, the authors rightly caution against overstating the extent of violence against Jews on the eve of the Holocaust. Their large-n analysis of pogrom occurrence is a welcome contribution to the largely qualitative research on the Holocaust, and also a sober counterpoint to the heated debate about collaboration between local populations and occupying forces in Eastern Europe during World War II. The book challenges conventional accounts of ethnic violence and advises against extrapolating from a single case, such as the infamous July 1941 pogrom in the Polish town of Jedwabne (p. 65). The authors are also right to warn against viewing the pogroms exclusively as the product of widespread anti-Semitism (p. 130). At the same time, their thesis that Jews constituted a political threat fails to explain why the 1941 pogroms targeted Jews exclusively. The Ukrainian minority, for one, remained safe even though it outnumbered the Jewish minority, had strong nationalist aspirations, and eventually attacked Poles. The authors’ explanations for why Jews were the first victims—popular anti-Semitism and the German influence—seem somewhat ad hoc (p.112). Not least, pogroms themselves have been used as an indicator of anti-Semitism in the literature. In the penultimate chapter, Kopstein and Wittenberg briefly discuss the relevance of their argument for understanding anti-Jewish and intercommunal pogroms outside Poland and suggest promising avenues for future research. The book concludes by discussing ways to prevent interethnic violence. The authors contend that cultural assimilation of national minorities does not reduce the likelihood of pogroms. In their view, lowering the nationalist aspirations of ethnic minorities, reducing political polarization, or manipulating group identities to foster interethnic solidarity may be more effective. By using the power-threat theory to explain the 1941 pogroms, the authors show that theoretical insights from the literature on intergroup conflict in American and comparative politics can help us understand violence during World War II and the Holocaust, a phenomenon still somewhat peripheral to “mainstream” political science. One challenge is that existing applications of the power-threat theory are not limited to periods of state collapse. In the Polish case, the breakdown of state institutions in the summer of 1941 may have untied the hands of the local population, but pogroms against Jews had also occurred in previous periods. Relatedly, political dominance can be achieved by means short of pogroms, including political and economic discrimination; Polish Jews were subject to both well before the summer of 1941. Overall, Intimate Violence is an original and well-crafted study of interethnic competition on the eve of the Holocaust. The book advances our understanding of the microfoundations of ethnic conflict and challenges existing explanations of violence against Jews in twentiethcentury Eastern Europe. Kopstein and Wittenberg also assemble a fine-grained historical data set that could help address further questions about interethnic relations. As such, the book has much to offer scholars of intercommunal violence, nationalism, and Eastern European politics.

Russia’s Torn Safety Nets, 2000

In this chapter we examine the ways in which the legacy of Soviet pension policies and post-1991 ... more In this chapter we examine the ways in which the legacy of Soviet pension policies and post-1991 economic and social trends have constrained policy options concerning pension reform in the Russian Federation and have prevented serious reevaluation of pension provision or pension equity. While the Russian government inherited a pension system beset with difficulties and ill equipped for Russia’s aging population, the Soviet pension system represented, in symbolic and financial terms, a widely valued social guarantee. We contend that the structural legacy and embedded expectations associated with the Soviet pension system thwart attempts to provide a unified and equitable pension system in the post-Soviet period. While making numerous changes to the pension system in the post-Soviet period, the federation government remains severely constrained in either fulfilling the promises of the previous Soviet system, or instituting the type of large-scale structural reforms that might contribute to the long-term solvency of the system.

Journal of Women & Aging, 2000

Gender and nativity are known risk factors for physical and economic dependency. Immigrant women ... more Gender and nativity are known risk factors for physical and economic dependency. Immigrant women are particularly disadvantaged because of their greater lack of social and economic resources. In this study, we investigate how women immigrants coordinate and utilize various support systems as they approach retirement age, as well as how choices and constraints affect their physical wellbeing. Experiences throughout the life course play a role in the maintenance of health, but the pre-retirement years are particularly crucial to the establishment of patterns of reliance to be used in later life. We examine the effects of economic resources, social support, and family ties (as well as several exogenous variables) on women's physical health using data from the Health and Retirement Survey. For the women in this study, demographic characteristics, such as Hispanic ethnicity and low education are strong risk factors for poor health. Findings also indicate that reliance patterns across resource domains do not differ significantly by nativity and that both economic and familial resource access significantly lessens the risk of poor health for both native and foreign born women.

Europe-Asia Studies, 2015

Madeleine Reeves' Border Work is an impressive study of the making of state borders and the labou... more Madeleine Reeves' Border Work is an impressive study of the making of state borders and the labour it involves. Based on several years of fieldwork in the Ferghana Valley, Reeves'

The Routledge Handbook of Gender in Central-Eastern Europe and Eurasia, 2021

The FASEB Journal, Oct 3, 2018

BackgroundThe Regional Center for the Horticulture Innovation Lab at Zamorano University in Hondu... more BackgroundThe Regional Center for the Horticulture Innovation Lab at Zamorano University in Honduras provides extension services and training to many low-income agricultural families in Honduras an...

I dedicate this dissertation to Tracy Citeroni, the love of my life and most fulfilling intellect... more I dedicate this dissertation to Tracy Citeroni, the love of my life and most fulfilling intellectual partner. It is thanks to her that I was able to survive the process that led to the completion of this document. Acknowledgements My most sincere appreciation to Ron Angel (my supervisor) for his support, advice, empathy, and understanding. Had it not been for his firm and wise intervention, this dissertation would have never been completed at the University of Texas. I would also like to thank all my committee members: Cynthia Buckley, Yolanda Padilla, Bryan Roberts, and Gideon Sjoberg. I very much appreciate their time and feedback. Special thanks to Professor Sjoberg for his insightful and critical reading of the project and its theoretical goals. Finally, this dissertation came to fruition despite the obstacles placed in my way by many unprofessional members of the Department of Sociology. To all of them an anti-acknowledgement. v Human Rights, Reproductive Rights, and Population...