DEEPAK YADAV - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by DEEPAK YADAV

Birat Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are less frequent in children than adults and are more often... more Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are less frequent in children than adults and are more often minimally displaced. Literature reveals that the incidence of maxillofacial injuries accounts for 1% - 14.7% in children below age 16 years. There is lack of information on epidemiological data for pediatric maxillofacial injury from Nepal. Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric population who had been treated in one of the tertiary level hospitals in western Nepal. Methodology: Among 303 cases of maxillofacial trauma registered between March 2017 to February 2019 at UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal; 57 cases of pediatric maxillofacial injuries that were admitted and received treatment were enrolled in the study. Parameters recorded were demographic data, mode of injury, the pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment provided. Results: Majority of patients were males (66.67%) among w...

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2021

Metallic dampers are used to control the seismic vibration of civil structures through supplement... more Metallic dampers are used to control the seismic vibration of civil structures through supplemental energy dissipation and damping thereby minimizing damages to the primary load-resisting elements. Shear yielding devices are one type of metallic dampers in which the hysteretic energy dissipation is achieved through the inelastic deformation of metallic plates under cyclic loading. This paper presents a numerical study to evaluate the hysteretic behavior of aluminum shear yielding devices (Al-SYDs) under cyclic loading. Finite element models of eighteen numbers of Al-SYDs have been developed in a computer software ABAQUS and are validated by comparing the predicted behavior with the past test results. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of web aspect ratios, web slenderness ratios, grades of aluminum alloy, and position of vertical stiffeners on the hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation potential, and displacement ductility of Al-SYDs. The energy dissipation potential of these devices is found to be strongly dependent on the aspect ratio and slenderness ratio of web plates. A simplified expression has been proposed to estimate the hysteretic energy dissipation potential of Al-SYDs. Limiting values of panel aspect ratio and web slenderness ratio have been recommended for the design of Al-SYDs.

Journal of Chitwan Medical College, 2019

Exodontia is a routine procedure in dental practice. Despite of adequate effort to perform the pr... more Exodontia is a routine procedure in dental practice. Despite of adequate effort to perform the pro­cedure with proper technique, some mishap may happen when defective or substandard instru­ments are used. This article reports a symptomatic case of lip paresthesia since 1 month who had undergone attempted surgical extraction of third molar in remote dental hospital. On examination there was presence of retained fractured third molar with exodontia instrument tip in inferior alveolar canal and is very uncommon surgical complications and not much reported in literatures. Patient was not aware of the condition till Orthopantomogram (OPG) was done which revealed presence of approximately 1.5 cm instrument tip in inferior alveolar canal. Third molar and in­strument tip were successfully retrieved from canal under local anesthesia. Rarely, instruments breakage may occur during surgical procedures. It is the duty of every operating dental surgeon to check surgical instruments for signs of b...

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018

A key prerequisite for the hydrogen economy is cost-effective renewable hydrogen supply. This pap... more A key prerequisite for the hydrogen economy is cost-effective renewable hydrogen supply. This paper provides a framework for the thermodynamic and economic assessment of solar hydrogen production from the high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) route. A system configuration for solar-driven steam electrolysis plant is proposed. The thermodynamic and economic analysis is done for varying temperature and current density conditions of the solid oxide electrolyzer powered by concentrated solar (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Based on the expected reductions in the cost of plant components, the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH 2) for the 2030 scenario is evaluated. Conditions for the viability of this route are checked by comparing the results with the polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis (PEME) process.

International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research, 2016

A new species of oxyuridean nematodes, Neyraplectana fatehpurensis n.sp. (Oxyuridae: Cosmocercina... more A new species of oxyuridean nematodes, Neyraplectana fatehpurensis n.sp. (Oxyuridae: Cosmocercinae) has been collected from small intestine of bull frog, Rana tigrina (Anura: Dicroglossidae) in North India during one year (2008-2009) uninterrupted investigation and substantiated by the application of polythetic divisive classificatory system. Sums of 257 bull frogs (male 159; female 98) were examined and 239 specimens, Neyraplectana sp. (male 97; female 142) recovered during parasitological investigation. The numerical validation of newer nematodes N. fatehpurensis n.sp. were based on the morphotaxometry of 33 specimens (male 12; female 21). The worms were typically characterized by paired equal spicules, absence of a gubernaculum and plectane, 5 pairs of preanal, 2 pairs adanal and 10-11 pairs post anal papillae, sub-equatorial vulva and in utero embryonated eggs.

The Journal of Immunology, Apr 1, 2009

NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recogni... more NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recognizes ligands that are expressed constitutively on primary tumors and tumor cell lines. We have identified four microRNAs (miRNAs) that each was sufficient to reduce the expression of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I-related chain A (MICA). These include miR-106b, -302b, -372, and -520b. Interestingly, mir-372 was also found to reduce the expression of another NKG2D ligand, UL-16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2). One of these miRNAs (miR-520b) was induced by IFN-gamma, leading to a reduction in MICA surface protein levels. miR-520b acted on both the MICA 39-untranslated region and the promoter region and caused a decrease in the levels of MICA transcript. In contrast, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-520b increased the expression of a reporter construct containing the MICA 39-untranslated region but not the MICA promoter region. These findings demonstrate the novel regulation of NKG2D ligands by endogenous microRNAs.

Over the last few years a comprehensive research has been done over proniosomal gel as a provesic... more Over the last few years a comprehensive research has been done over proniosomal gel as a provesicular approach for transdermal drug delivery. However skin has a very tough diffusion barrier that is lipid bilayer in the stratum corneum inhibiting penetration of drug moiety which is rate limiting barrier for penetration of drugs. Vesicular systems (niosomes & liposomes) are promising systems to cross this permeation barrier. They may act as vehicles or as permeation enhancer for bioactive materials to enhance their penetration via stratum corneum. But their major drawback is their unstability, which can be overcome by utilizing provesicular approaches like proniosomes. Proniosomes (gel) are semisolid liquid crystal products of nonionic surfactants easily prepared by dissolving the surfactant in a minimal amount of an acceptable solvent (ethanol) and the least amount of aqueous phase (water). Proniosomal gel offers a great potential to reduce the side effects of drugs and increased the...

Herbal remedies and natural products are being used for an ancient time to cure the diseases. Unl... more Herbal remedies and natural products are being used for an ancient time to cure the diseases. Unlike the existing allopathic system, the herbal remedies have hundreds and thousands of constituents that all work together against the diseases. Natural products produced by the organisms such as fungi, bacteria, animals and plants act as biologically active agents. Mostly, the conventional pharmaceuticals or pharmacognostical products in the market are rooted from natural products and their derivatives with herbal products playing pivotal role. All over the world, the research on these herbal remedies has been carried out in the different fields for instance pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and clinical therapeutics. Incorporation of these herbal extracts into novel formulation systems in order to have added advantages and to overcome their bulk dosing and less absorption which is the major problem being faced, enticing the attention of major pharmaceutical corporat...

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Care, 2015

Internal resorption is an idiopathic, progressive resorptive process, occurring in the dentin of ... more Internal resorption is an idiopathic, progressive resorptive process, occurring in the dentin of the pulp chamber or root canals of teeth. Trauma is a major cause of inflammatory internal resorption which if untreated, may perforate the wall of the root laterally. The present case report represents Inflammatory perforating type of internal resorption with large periapical radiolucency and its surgical management using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) to repair the resorptive defect internally and externally in an maxillary right central incisor. Follow up upto one year showed resolution of symptoms as well as the periapical and lateral radiolucency with favourable prognosis.

International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 2015

Context: The evolving role of CT in the study of pancreas is not only in its ability to directly ... more Context: The evolving role of CT in the study of pancreas is not only in its ability to directly define the presence of an abnormality but it also surpasses the other imaging modalities in being able to demonstrate the extent of the disease and its spread to contiguous areas by virtue of its being a non-organ specific investigation. The ability of CT to image the pancreas adequately regardless of the bowel gas and fat gives it an advantage over ultrasound. Objectives: To study age and size distribution in pancreatic diseases. To differentiate cystic from solid pancreatic lesions. To differentiate inflammatory and neoplastic conditions with their characteristic imaging features. To classify and grade pancreatitis with the help of CT imaging features. Methods: This study comprises 50 patients of different age groups in whom there was clinical suspicion of pancreatic disorder. This includes 35 male and 15 female patients. Each patient had been studied by using plain and contrast computed tomography. Results: Maximum no. of patients' age was from 23-30. Pancreatic diseases were more commonly found in males than in females. Inflammatory diseases were found to be more common than neoplastic masses. Chronic pancreatitis were showing pancreatic duct dilatation, pancreatic atrophy and pancreatic calcification. Pseudocysts were associated with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic carcinomas extent and metastases was studied accordingly. Conclusion: CT alone is an excellent noninvasive imaging modality with a sensitivity of about 94% in diagnosing pancreatic diseases when used judiciously in good clinical settings and accuracy of almost 100% when used in conjunction with other imaging modalities like endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography, angiography and biopsy whenever indicated.

ABSTRACT Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from root, leaf, stem and flower of Stevia r... more ABSTRACT Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from root, leaf, stem and flower of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) was investigated. The high amounts of Phenols, Flavonoids and Tannins were found in methanolic root and leaf extract among all parts, at the value of 16.75±0.35, 1.68±1.38, 12.56±5.78 and 11.04±3.16, 2.73±1.44, 12.98±2.17mg/g respectively. Total antioxidant activity of root, stem, leaves and flower was assessed by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thi8azoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay as well as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Root extract showed highest (64.23±8.35 mM) TEAC 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity; and Leaf, stem, flower showed 56.26±16.87 mM, 49.28±12.87 mM and 46.49±13.13 mM respectively. SOD, Catalase and peroxidase enzymatic assays were carried out to determine antioxidative potential of extracts, and the root extract was found to have highest activities 4.84±0.22, 8.6±0.45 and 2.24±0.05 respectively.Zones of inhibition at 500 mg ml-1 concentration are indicative of effective antibacterial activity of S.rebaudiana against B.subtilis NCIM 2708 and E.coli DM 4100.These results reveal that S. rebaudiana is an excellent antioxidant, and especially root and leaf show higher antioxidant effect and antibacterial activity.

The Indian journal of medical research, 2004

Induction to high altitude (HA) leads to deterioration in cognitive functions. The event related ... more Induction to high altitude (HA) leads to deterioration in cognitive functions. The event related potentials (ERPs) like P300 are reported to be affected by hypoxia and bring about impairments in cognitive performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on event related potentials at two different altitudes i.e., 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in ascending order to see how ERPs change with increasing altitude. The study was carried out on 20 healthy male volunteers at sea level (SL) and thereafter at high altitude (HA) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The P300 was recorded by using standard auditory odd ball paradigm with compact -4 (Nicolet, USA). The N1, N2 and P2 latencies were not significantly affected at HA I and HA II in comparison with SL indicating no effect of hypobaric hypoxia on sensory conduction. However, at HA II, most of the subjects showed an increase in latency of P3 component reflecting sensory discrimina...

Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2004

The effect of hypobaric hypoxia on Brain Stem Auditory evoked potentials (BAERs) were studied. BA... more The effect of hypobaric hypoxia on Brain Stem Auditory evoked potentials (BAERs) were studied. BAERs were recorded in 30 volunteers at sea level (SL) and then at high altitude (HA) of 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The BAERs were recorded using Nicolet Compact - 4 (USA) in response to monaural auditory stimuli consisting of clicks of 100 ps square pulse at a rate of 15/sec. The BAERs were recorded on day 4 of their stay at 3200 m and 4300 m respectively. Findings indicated an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave V at 3200 m, which was statistically significant. On further ascent to 4300 m there was an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave I and III indicating delay in sensory conduction at the medullo-pontine auditory pathways.

2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Communication, Control, Signal Processing and Computing Applications (C2SPCA), 2013

ABSTRACT The performance of vehicle number plate recognition system is adversely affected by poor... more ABSTRACT The performance of vehicle number plate recognition system is adversely affected by poor quality of captured images, especially, off-angled captured images (Skew images). This paper presents a novel method for vehicle number plate skew correction to improve the recognition rate. Firstly, the license plate is localized using pre-processing algorithm and wavelet decomposition and then proposed method of skew correction is applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to find out the accurate skew (slope of the inclination) in both, horizontal and vertical directions and accordingly it has been accurately corrected. Adequate experimentation has been carried out on various types of skewed images and results have been compared with existing methods. Experimental results and quantitative comparisons reveal an effectiveness of the proposed method over existing methods of skew correction. The proposed method is not only capable of accurate skew correction of all possible types of skew but computationally efficient also.

2013 IEEE CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method for vehicle license plate localization. The proposed me... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method for vehicle license plate localization. The proposed method uses wavelet decomposition for localizing the license plate. We first preprocess the image by masking the non-license plate border with the prior knowledge of the distance of the vehicle. We then use the unique property of sudden and a frequent transition which takes place across characters of the license plate to convert it to a license plate location detectable image by dividing the rows into its component zones. The component zone set which includes the license plate is determined using a transition counter and the zone which holds the maximum value is determined and validated using the wavelet based method. Simulation results are included to show the effectiveness of the proposed method for the localization of Indian license plates.

NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recogni... more NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recognizes ligands that are expressed constitutively on primary tumors and tumor cell lines. In this report, we have identified four microRNAs (miRNAs) that each was sufficient to reduce the expression of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I-related chain A (MICA). One of these miRNAs (miR-520b) was induced by IFN-␥, leading to a reduction in MICA surface protein levels. Interestingly, miR-520b acted on both the MICA 3-untranslated region and the promoter region and caused a decrease in the levels of MICA transcript. In contrast, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-520b increased the expression of a reporter construct containing the MICA 3-untranslated region but not the MICA promoter region. These findings demonstrate the novel regulation of an NKG2D ligand by an endogenous microRNA that is itself induced by IFN-␥.

Stress Medicine, 1999

The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in studying ... more The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in studying the response to two types of experimentally induced stressors, the cold pressor test (CPT) and exercise. The subjects were 20 healthy normotensive males, 25±35 yr old. SEPs were recorded at baseline, immediately after CPT, in the recovery period after CPT and also immediately after exercise and in the recovery period after exercise. The CPT and exercise produced no signi®cant alteration in the absolute latencies, interpeak latency and amplitude of N 10 and N 20 components of SEPs. CPT and exercise produced changes in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and the heart rate. It may be relevant to study the eect of stress on the later cortical components of the SEPs.

Protoplasma, 2012

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of an aqueous extract of MA... more The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of an aqueous extract of MAC-ST/001 (a new polyherbal formulation) which was given once daily to rats at different doses. The animals were divided into diabetic and nondiabetic control groups. The duration of each experiment lasted from 1 week to 1 month, and the results were compared with that of the standard hypoglycemic drug glibenclamide (10 mg/kg), which was given once daily. In this study, biochemical and histopathological parameters were studied in streptozotacin (STZ) (single intraperitoneal injection of 55 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) decrease in their body weight and serum amylase with marked elevation in blood glucose, serum cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and serum transaminases (AST and ALT) after 1 week till the 28th day of diabetes. Cytotoxicity of MAC-ST/001 formulation was also studied on C2C12, 3T3-L1, and HepG2 cells through MTT assay. Histological examination of the liver and pancreas of normal control, diabetic control, and drug-treated rats revealed significant results. Finally, it was concluded that administration of this MAC-ST/001 extract reversed most blood and tissue changes caused by STZ-induced diabetes in rats.

Molecular Immunology, 2007

Costimulation by B7-1 and B7-2 molecules results in divergent biological effects. This is particu... more Costimulation by B7-1 and B7-2 molecules results in divergent biological effects. This is particularly striking in the NOD mouse, since the lack of B7-2 leads to complete protection from autoimmunity, whereas the B7-1 deficiency causes exacerbation of disease. We tested the hypothesis that B7-1 costimulation suppresses pancreatic autoimmunity. We describe that the lack of B7-1 not only causes aberrant thymocyte maturation but also significantly enhances expansion, survival, and effector function of islet specific T cells in periphery. We also observed a significant reduction in the proportion of T-regulatory (T-regs) cells. Immunophenotypic analysis of T and APCs revealed a significantly lower frequency of T cells expressing the negative costimulatory receptor PD-1 in B7-1KO mice whereas the proportion of B7-H1 positive APCs was found to be significantly higher. Blocking studies in B7-1KO mice suggest that B7-H1 provides negative signals for anti islet CD4 and CD8 T cell expansion but is differentially required for their priming. Our data demonstrate that deficiency of B7-1 mediated costimulation causes multitude of immunological defects, which involve reduction in T-regs and a concomitant enhancement of expansion, survival and effector potential of auto reactive T cells.

Birat Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are less frequent in children than adults and are more often... more Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are less frequent in children than adults and are more often minimally displaced. Literature reveals that the incidence of maxillofacial injuries accounts for 1% - 14.7% in children below age 16 years. There is lack of information on epidemiological data for pediatric maxillofacial injury from Nepal. Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric population who had been treated in one of the tertiary level hospitals in western Nepal. Methodology: Among 303 cases of maxillofacial trauma registered between March 2017 to February 2019 at UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal; 57 cases of pediatric maxillofacial injuries that were admitted and received treatment were enrolled in the study. Parameters recorded were demographic data, mode of injury, the pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment provided. Results: Majority of patients were males (66.67%) among w...

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2021

Metallic dampers are used to control the seismic vibration of civil structures through supplement... more Metallic dampers are used to control the seismic vibration of civil structures through supplemental energy dissipation and damping thereby minimizing damages to the primary load-resisting elements. Shear yielding devices are one type of metallic dampers in which the hysteretic energy dissipation is achieved through the inelastic deformation of metallic plates under cyclic loading. This paper presents a numerical study to evaluate the hysteretic behavior of aluminum shear yielding devices (Al-SYDs) under cyclic loading. Finite element models of eighteen numbers of Al-SYDs have been developed in a computer software ABAQUS and are validated by comparing the predicted behavior with the past test results. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of web aspect ratios, web slenderness ratios, grades of aluminum alloy, and position of vertical stiffeners on the hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation potential, and displacement ductility of Al-SYDs. The energy dissipation potential of these devices is found to be strongly dependent on the aspect ratio and slenderness ratio of web plates. A simplified expression has been proposed to estimate the hysteretic energy dissipation potential of Al-SYDs. Limiting values of panel aspect ratio and web slenderness ratio have been recommended for the design of Al-SYDs.

Journal of Chitwan Medical College, 2019

Exodontia is a routine procedure in dental practice. Despite of adequate effort to perform the pr... more Exodontia is a routine procedure in dental practice. Despite of adequate effort to perform the pro­cedure with proper technique, some mishap may happen when defective or substandard instru­ments are used. This article reports a symptomatic case of lip paresthesia since 1 month who had undergone attempted surgical extraction of third molar in remote dental hospital. On examination there was presence of retained fractured third molar with exodontia instrument tip in inferior alveolar canal and is very uncommon surgical complications and not much reported in literatures. Patient was not aware of the condition till Orthopantomogram (OPG) was done which revealed presence of approximately 1.5 cm instrument tip in inferior alveolar canal. Third molar and in­strument tip were successfully retrieved from canal under local anesthesia. Rarely, instruments breakage may occur during surgical procedures. It is the duty of every operating dental surgeon to check surgical instruments for signs of b...

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018

A key prerequisite for the hydrogen economy is cost-effective renewable hydrogen supply. This pap... more A key prerequisite for the hydrogen economy is cost-effective renewable hydrogen supply. This paper provides a framework for the thermodynamic and economic assessment of solar hydrogen production from the high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) route. A system configuration for solar-driven steam electrolysis plant is proposed. The thermodynamic and economic analysis is done for varying temperature and current density conditions of the solid oxide electrolyzer powered by concentrated solar (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Based on the expected reductions in the cost of plant components, the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH 2) for the 2030 scenario is evaluated. Conditions for the viability of this route are checked by comparing the results with the polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis (PEME) process.

International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research, 2016

A new species of oxyuridean nematodes, Neyraplectana fatehpurensis n.sp. (Oxyuridae: Cosmocercina... more A new species of oxyuridean nematodes, Neyraplectana fatehpurensis n.sp. (Oxyuridae: Cosmocercinae) has been collected from small intestine of bull frog, Rana tigrina (Anura: Dicroglossidae) in North India during one year (2008-2009) uninterrupted investigation and substantiated by the application of polythetic divisive classificatory system. Sums of 257 bull frogs (male 159; female 98) were examined and 239 specimens, Neyraplectana sp. (male 97; female 142) recovered during parasitological investigation. The numerical validation of newer nematodes N. fatehpurensis n.sp. were based on the morphotaxometry of 33 specimens (male 12; female 21). The worms were typically characterized by paired equal spicules, absence of a gubernaculum and plectane, 5 pairs of preanal, 2 pairs adanal and 10-11 pairs post anal papillae, sub-equatorial vulva and in utero embryonated eggs.

The Journal of Immunology, Apr 1, 2009

NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recogni... more NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recognizes ligands that are expressed constitutively on primary tumors and tumor cell lines. We have identified four microRNAs (miRNAs) that each was sufficient to reduce the expression of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I-related chain A (MICA). These include miR-106b, -302b, -372, and -520b. Interestingly, mir-372 was also found to reduce the expression of another NKG2D ligand, UL-16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2). One of these miRNAs (miR-520b) was induced by IFN-gamma, leading to a reduction in MICA surface protein levels. miR-520b acted on both the MICA 39-untranslated region and the promoter region and caused a decrease in the levels of MICA transcript. In contrast, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-520b increased the expression of a reporter construct containing the MICA 39-untranslated region but not the MICA promoter region. These findings demonstrate the novel regulation of NKG2D ligands by endogenous microRNAs.

Over the last few years a comprehensive research has been done over proniosomal gel as a provesic... more Over the last few years a comprehensive research has been done over proniosomal gel as a provesicular approach for transdermal drug delivery. However skin has a very tough diffusion barrier that is lipid bilayer in the stratum corneum inhibiting penetration of drug moiety which is rate limiting barrier for penetration of drugs. Vesicular systems (niosomes & liposomes) are promising systems to cross this permeation barrier. They may act as vehicles or as permeation enhancer for bioactive materials to enhance their penetration via stratum corneum. But their major drawback is their unstability, which can be overcome by utilizing provesicular approaches like proniosomes. Proniosomes (gel) are semisolid liquid crystal products of nonionic surfactants easily prepared by dissolving the surfactant in a minimal amount of an acceptable solvent (ethanol) and the least amount of aqueous phase (water). Proniosomal gel offers a great potential to reduce the side effects of drugs and increased the...

Herbal remedies and natural products are being used for an ancient time to cure the diseases. Unl... more Herbal remedies and natural products are being used for an ancient time to cure the diseases. Unlike the existing allopathic system, the herbal remedies have hundreds and thousands of constituents that all work together against the diseases. Natural products produced by the organisms such as fungi, bacteria, animals and plants act as biologically active agents. Mostly, the conventional pharmaceuticals or pharmacognostical products in the market are rooted from natural products and their derivatives with herbal products playing pivotal role. All over the world, the research on these herbal remedies has been carried out in the different fields for instance pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and clinical therapeutics. Incorporation of these herbal extracts into novel formulation systems in order to have added advantages and to overcome their bulk dosing and less absorption which is the major problem being faced, enticing the attention of major pharmaceutical corporat...

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Care, 2015

Internal resorption is an idiopathic, progressive resorptive process, occurring in the dentin of ... more Internal resorption is an idiopathic, progressive resorptive process, occurring in the dentin of the pulp chamber or root canals of teeth. Trauma is a major cause of inflammatory internal resorption which if untreated, may perforate the wall of the root laterally. The present case report represents Inflammatory perforating type of internal resorption with large periapical radiolucency and its surgical management using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) to repair the resorptive defect internally and externally in an maxillary right central incisor. Follow up upto one year showed resolution of symptoms as well as the periapical and lateral radiolucency with favourable prognosis.

International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 2015

Context: The evolving role of CT in the study of pancreas is not only in its ability to directly ... more Context: The evolving role of CT in the study of pancreas is not only in its ability to directly define the presence of an abnormality but it also surpasses the other imaging modalities in being able to demonstrate the extent of the disease and its spread to contiguous areas by virtue of its being a non-organ specific investigation. The ability of CT to image the pancreas adequately regardless of the bowel gas and fat gives it an advantage over ultrasound. Objectives: To study age and size distribution in pancreatic diseases. To differentiate cystic from solid pancreatic lesions. To differentiate inflammatory and neoplastic conditions with their characteristic imaging features. To classify and grade pancreatitis with the help of CT imaging features. Methods: This study comprises 50 patients of different age groups in whom there was clinical suspicion of pancreatic disorder. This includes 35 male and 15 female patients. Each patient had been studied by using plain and contrast computed tomography. Results: Maximum no. of patients' age was from 23-30. Pancreatic diseases were more commonly found in males than in females. Inflammatory diseases were found to be more common than neoplastic masses. Chronic pancreatitis were showing pancreatic duct dilatation, pancreatic atrophy and pancreatic calcification. Pseudocysts were associated with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic carcinomas extent and metastases was studied accordingly. Conclusion: CT alone is an excellent noninvasive imaging modality with a sensitivity of about 94% in diagnosing pancreatic diseases when used judiciously in good clinical settings and accuracy of almost 100% when used in conjunction with other imaging modalities like endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography, angiography and biopsy whenever indicated.

ABSTRACT Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from root, leaf, stem and flower of Stevia r... more ABSTRACT Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from root, leaf, stem and flower of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) was investigated. The high amounts of Phenols, Flavonoids and Tannins were found in methanolic root and leaf extract among all parts, at the value of 16.75±0.35, 1.68±1.38, 12.56±5.78 and 11.04±3.16, 2.73±1.44, 12.98±2.17mg/g respectively. Total antioxidant activity of root, stem, leaves and flower was assessed by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thi8azoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay as well as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Root extract showed highest (64.23±8.35 mM) TEAC 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity; and Leaf, stem, flower showed 56.26±16.87 mM, 49.28±12.87 mM and 46.49±13.13 mM respectively. SOD, Catalase and peroxidase enzymatic assays were carried out to determine antioxidative potential of extracts, and the root extract was found to have highest activities 4.84±0.22, 8.6±0.45 and 2.24±0.05 respectively.Zones of inhibition at 500 mg ml-1 concentration are indicative of effective antibacterial activity of S.rebaudiana against B.subtilis NCIM 2708 and E.coli DM 4100.These results reveal that S. rebaudiana is an excellent antioxidant, and especially root and leaf show higher antioxidant effect and antibacterial activity.

The Indian journal of medical research, 2004

Induction to high altitude (HA) leads to deterioration in cognitive functions. The event related ... more Induction to high altitude (HA) leads to deterioration in cognitive functions. The event related potentials (ERPs) like P300 are reported to be affected by hypoxia and bring about impairments in cognitive performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on event related potentials at two different altitudes i.e., 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in ascending order to see how ERPs change with increasing altitude. The study was carried out on 20 healthy male volunteers at sea level (SL) and thereafter at high altitude (HA) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The P300 was recorded by using standard auditory odd ball paradigm with compact -4 (Nicolet, USA). The N1, N2 and P2 latencies were not significantly affected at HA I and HA II in comparison with SL indicating no effect of hypobaric hypoxia on sensory conduction. However, at HA II, most of the subjects showed an increase in latency of P3 component reflecting sensory discrimina...

Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2004

The effect of hypobaric hypoxia on Brain Stem Auditory evoked potentials (BAERs) were studied. BA... more The effect of hypobaric hypoxia on Brain Stem Auditory evoked potentials (BAERs) were studied. BAERs were recorded in 30 volunteers at sea level (SL) and then at high altitude (HA) of 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The BAERs were recorded using Nicolet Compact - 4 (USA) in response to monaural auditory stimuli consisting of clicks of 100 ps square pulse at a rate of 15/sec. The BAERs were recorded on day 4 of their stay at 3200 m and 4300 m respectively. Findings indicated an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave V at 3200 m, which was statistically significant. On further ascent to 4300 m there was an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave I and III indicating delay in sensory conduction at the medullo-pontine auditory pathways.

2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Communication, Control, Signal Processing and Computing Applications (C2SPCA), 2013

ABSTRACT The performance of vehicle number plate recognition system is adversely affected by poor... more ABSTRACT The performance of vehicle number plate recognition system is adversely affected by poor quality of captured images, especially, off-angled captured images (Skew images). This paper presents a novel method for vehicle number plate skew correction to improve the recognition rate. Firstly, the license plate is localized using pre-processing algorithm and wavelet decomposition and then proposed method of skew correction is applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to find out the accurate skew (slope of the inclination) in both, horizontal and vertical directions and accordingly it has been accurately corrected. Adequate experimentation has been carried out on various types of skewed images and results have been compared with existing methods. Experimental results and quantitative comparisons reveal an effectiveness of the proposed method over existing methods of skew correction. The proposed method is not only capable of accurate skew correction of all possible types of skew but computationally efficient also.

2013 IEEE CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method for vehicle license plate localization. The proposed me... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method for vehicle license plate localization. The proposed method uses wavelet decomposition for localizing the license plate. We first preprocess the image by masking the non-license plate border with the prior knowledge of the distance of the vehicle. We then use the unique property of sudden and a frequent transition which takes place across characters of the license plate to convert it to a license plate location detectable image by dividing the rows into its component zones. The component zone set which includes the license plate is determined using a transition counter and the zone which holds the maximum value is determined and validated using the wavelet based method. Simulation results are included to show the effectiveness of the proposed method for the localization of Indian license plates.

NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recogni... more NKG2D is a receptor used by NK cells to detect virally infected and transformed cells. It recognizes ligands that are expressed constitutively on primary tumors and tumor cell lines. In this report, we have identified four microRNAs (miRNAs) that each was sufficient to reduce the expression of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I-related chain A (MICA). One of these miRNAs (miR-520b) was induced by IFN-␥, leading to a reduction in MICA surface protein levels. Interestingly, miR-520b acted on both the MICA 3-untranslated region and the promoter region and caused a decrease in the levels of MICA transcript. In contrast, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-520b increased the expression of a reporter construct containing the MICA 3-untranslated region but not the MICA promoter region. These findings demonstrate the novel regulation of an NKG2D ligand by an endogenous microRNA that is itself induced by IFN-␥.

Stress Medicine, 1999

The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in studying ... more The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in studying the response to two types of experimentally induced stressors, the cold pressor test (CPT) and exercise. The subjects were 20 healthy normotensive males, 25±35 yr old. SEPs were recorded at baseline, immediately after CPT, in the recovery period after CPT and also immediately after exercise and in the recovery period after exercise. The CPT and exercise produced no signi®cant alteration in the absolute latencies, interpeak latency and amplitude of N 10 and N 20 components of SEPs. CPT and exercise produced changes in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and the heart rate. It may be relevant to study the eect of stress on the later cortical components of the SEPs.

Protoplasma, 2012

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of an aqueous extract of MA... more The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of an aqueous extract of MAC-ST/001 (a new polyherbal formulation) which was given once daily to rats at different doses. The animals were divided into diabetic and nondiabetic control groups. The duration of each experiment lasted from 1 week to 1 month, and the results were compared with that of the standard hypoglycemic drug glibenclamide (10 mg/kg), which was given once daily. In this study, biochemical and histopathological parameters were studied in streptozotacin (STZ) (single intraperitoneal injection of 55 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) decrease in their body weight and serum amylase with marked elevation in blood glucose, serum cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and serum transaminases (AST and ALT) after 1 week till the 28th day of diabetes. Cytotoxicity of MAC-ST/001 formulation was also studied on C2C12, 3T3-L1, and HepG2 cells through MTT assay. Histological examination of the liver and pancreas of normal control, diabetic control, and drug-treated rats revealed significant results. Finally, it was concluded that administration of this MAC-ST/001 extract reversed most blood and tissue changes caused by STZ-induced diabetes in rats.

Molecular Immunology, 2007

Costimulation by B7-1 and B7-2 molecules results in divergent biological effects. This is particu... more Costimulation by B7-1 and B7-2 molecules results in divergent biological effects. This is particularly striking in the NOD mouse, since the lack of B7-2 leads to complete protection from autoimmunity, whereas the B7-1 deficiency causes exacerbation of disease. We tested the hypothesis that B7-1 costimulation suppresses pancreatic autoimmunity. We describe that the lack of B7-1 not only causes aberrant thymocyte maturation but also significantly enhances expansion, survival, and effector function of islet specific T cells in periphery. We also observed a significant reduction in the proportion of T-regulatory (T-regs) cells. Immunophenotypic analysis of T and APCs revealed a significantly lower frequency of T cells expressing the negative costimulatory receptor PD-1 in B7-1KO mice whereas the proportion of B7-H1 positive APCs was found to be significantly higher. Blocking studies in B7-1KO mice suggest that B7-H1 provides negative signals for anti islet CD4 and CD8 T cell expansion but is differentially required for their priming. Our data demonstrate that deficiency of B7-1 mediated costimulation causes multitude of immunological defects, which involve reduction in T-regs and a concomitant enhancement of expansion, survival and effector potential of auto reactive T cells.