Daniel Friesner - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Daniel Friesner

Community Development, Jan 22, 2022

Atlantic Economic Journal, Jul 6, 2023

Hospital Topics, Jul 29, 2019

The relationship between resource allocation decisions within medical laboratory cost centers and... more The relationship between resource allocation decisions within medical laboratory cost centers and overall hospital financial performance is empirically investigated using a panel of critical access hospitals in Washington State (2014-2016). In order to increase accessibility to hospital managers and health policy makers, a managerial finance perspective (defining performance using simple financial accounting ratios) is adopted. Results indicate that resource allocation decisions within the medical laboratory cost center have a significant impact on the financial performance of the hospital as a whole. However, the nature of the impact depends on the type of financial metric utilized. For instance, the proportion of the typical medical laboratory's budget that is allocated to rent is negatively and significantly related to the hospital's return on assets. Concomitantly, medical laboratory cost centers that have a larger footprint in the hospital (as measured by square footage) exhibit a significant, positive association with the hospital's current ratio. Thus, physically larger medical laboratories may allow the hospital to better manage its liquid assets.

The American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Oct 1, 2019

Objective. To design, implement, and assess a study abroad course in Ireland for pre-professional... more Objective. To design, implement, and assess a study abroad course in Ireland for pre-professional and Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students. Methods. An elective study abroad course was created for pre-professional and PharmD students at North Dakota State University. The course included comparison of the US and Ireland's health care delivery systems and participation in history and cultural experiences in Ireland. Prior to the trip, students and preceptors attended seminars related to the culture of Ireland. The three-week trip to Ireland took place between the spring and summer semesters in 2016. Student assignments while abroad included completion of a self-reflection journal with daily entries describing what the student learned and how the experience impacted them, and completion and presentation of a term paper comparing Ireland's pharmacy system with that in the United States. Pre-and post-travel surveys were conducted to assess students' perceptions of and learning from the experience, and to identify areas for course improvement. Results. Students' evaluations of the course and travel experiences were positive. However, students' perceptions of their cultural awareness were largely unchanged. Conclusion. The course was well received by students. Other PharmD programs may benefit from implementing similar study abroad experiences.

The American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Dec 1, 2019

Objective. To quantify the use of core entrustable practice activities (EPAs) in contemporary pha... more Objective. To quantify the use of core entrustable practice activities (EPAs) in contemporary pharmacy practice in North Dakota. Methods. Given the large number of core EPAs, this study focused on those supporting tasks categorized within the practice manager domain. The survey instrument was sent to all registered pharmacists living and practicing in North Dakota (n5990). This manuscript reports on the practice manager domain and the activities and examples of supportive tasks in this domain. Results. Four hundred fifty-seven (46.1%) of the pharmacists responded; however, only 102 survey instruments were fully completed and usable. Respondents rated the "fulfill a medication order" activity the highest EPA overall (mean59.1, SD52.7). The "oversee the pharmacy operations for an assigned work shift" activity (mean57.8, SD53.9) was also rated highly. Responses to "oversee the pharmacy operations for an assigned work shift" were significantly different between independent practice settings and all other practice settings. The manager was more likely than other pharmacy positions to report performing seven of the nine tasks within this EPA. Significant differences in five of nine tasks were found across pharmacies located in rural or more urban communities, including "assist in the evaluation of pharmacy technicians" and "identify pharmacy service problems and/or medication safety issues." Conclusion. This study provides empirical evidence suggesting that EPAs can be a useful means to assess outcomes in pharmacy education.

International Journal of Social Economics, Dec 4, 2017

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the timing associated with the implementa... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the timing associated with the implementation of the health insurance-related provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) altered the presence and distribution of medical/non-medical debts accumulated by different types of bankruptcy filers. Design/methodology/approach Data were drawn from the US Bankruptcy Court’s Eastern Washington District over the years 2009, 2011 and 2014 using interval random sampling. Binary probit and Tobit analyses were used to model the existence, and distribution, of medical debts and total debts, respectively, at the time of filing. The impact of the time frame associated with the ACA was operationalized via a Chow test for structural dynamic change. Findings Chapter 13 filers in 2014 (post-ACA-based health exchange implementation) were more likely to report medical debts than Chapter 7 filers in the pre-intervention period, and were also more likely to report a larger proportion of outstanding debts owed to a single creditor. Filers claiming health insurance premium expenses in 2011 were (at the 10 percent significance level) more likely to report a more skewed distribution of medical debts. Originality/value The time frame associated with the implementation of the ACA impacts the distribution of medical debts among filers who have sufficient net disposable income to fund a Chapter 13 plan. The polarization of outstanding medical debts may indicate coverage gaps in existing health insurance policies, whose costs would be disproportionately borne by patients operating on thin financial margins.

Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Jun 1, 2018

Medical bankruptcy refers to individuals with serious medical conditions who feel compelled to fi... more Medical bankruptcy refers to individuals with serious medical conditions who feel compelled to file for bankruptcy to seek relief from their medical debts. Noticeably lacking in the literature is a consistent, evidence-based criterion to define who may be classified as medically bankrupt. A more concrete definition would allow policy makers to understand the magnitude of the problem and allow financial counselors to better inform certain households about seeking bankruptcy protection when faced with medical bills. This study uses data drawn from the U.S. Bankruptcy Court’s Eastern Washington District to create an empirical profile of bankruptcy petitioners with medical debt. We then identify those characteristics statistically associated with being “at-risk” of a medical bankruptcy to better understand and define medical bankruptcy.

The Multinational Business Review, Apr 18, 2016

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically identify incentives that drive resource shift... more Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically identify incentives that drive resource shifting by US pharmaceutical firms to comparatively low-tax jurisdictions. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel of publicly listed companies, we investigate whether resource shifting is facilitated by two underlying factors. First, we examine whether pharmaceutical manufacturers whose intangible assets are disproportionately held as intellectual property are more or less likely to shift resources to jurisdictions outside of the USA. Second, we empirically determine whether manufacturers that derive most of their revenues from producing a specific type of product are more or less likely to shift income-producing resources to their international affiliates. Findings The empirical results suggest that pharmaceutical factors do practice strategic resource shifting. Moreover, pharmaceutical manufacturers which produce biologic medications are significantly less likely than other manufacturers to practice resource shifting. We find no evidence to suggest that firms whose intangible assets are more composed of intellectual property are any more or less likely to practice resource shifting. Originality/value To date, a plethora of studies exist which examine resource shifting in a large, general population of multinational corporations. However, there are relatively few studies that examine international resource shifting in the pharmaceutical industry.

Advances in business strategy and competitive advantage book series, 2014

This chapter extends the financial epidemiology literature as it applies to the acquisition of co... more This chapter extends the financial epidemiology literature as it applies to the acquisition of consumer debt. A recent manuscript provided a very simple model to illustrate how conspicuous consumption within a community (in the vernacular, "keeping up with the Joneses") can lead to situations where a contagion of financial insolvency may occur (Friesner, McPherson, & Hackney, 2014). However, that model simply illustrates the feasibility of modeling both conspicuous consumption and financial contagions in a single framework. It does not explicitly incorporate most of the epidemiological, socio-cultural, and psychological factors that drive decisions to use debt to finance conspicuous consumption. In this chapter, the authors build a much more detailed model of financial epidemiology that includes (or can be extended to include) most of the salient ecological characteristics advanced by financial economists (neoclassical or heterodox) and epidemiologists. The model can be used to illustrate specific characteristics that promote (or inhibit) consumer behavior that pushes the household into financial exigency. The results can therefore provide a more informative basis for policy makers to reduce the prevalence of bankruptcy or other financial insolvency within a community as a whole.

Applied Economics Letters, Jul 17, 2017

ABSTRACT Multinational companies (MNCs) have historically used corporate subsidiaries to isolate ... more ABSTRACT Multinational companies (MNCs) have historically used corporate subsidiaries to isolate income earned in lower-taxed jurisdictions from tax in a higher-rate home country. This planning technique has been long accepted as a strategy to lower the MNC’s effective tax rate and maintain shareholder value. A recently study, however, demonstrates that this is an inefficient, and possibly inappropriate, strategy. This article conducts a comprehensive empirical benchmarking analysis by applying cluster analysis to empirically identify peer groups of MNCs operating in the pharmaceutical industry. We find that most firms consistently fall into the same cluster, providing evidence that income shifting can be benchmarked by industry sector. We also find special cases where firms should be excluded from the benchmark.

The property rights theory of the firm argues that nonproprietary firms operate inefficiently and... more The property rights theory of the firm argues that nonproprietary firms operate inefficiently and can not successfully compete against for profit firms without subsidies, government enforced protection, or some other intervention. Friesner and Rosenman (2001) provided an alternative explanation for the persistence of mixed competition, basing it on preferences of the administrators of nonproprietary firms. If the management of a nonproprietary firm is willing to trade profit and compensation for other goals, the firm can effectively compete in a mixed market. In this note we show that, in general, their model is unstable, thus making it an inadequate explanation for the persistence of mixed competition markets. However, we offer a pair of simple changes to their model that we believe may better reflect market reality, and that provides the necessary stability for mixed competition to persist, and discuss how this change alters the policy implications of their original work.

The American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Jun 1, 2023

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, May 1, 2017

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, Feb 11, 2019

Objective. To assess students' perceptions of their preparedness to perform advanced pharmacy... more Objective. To assess students' perceptions of their preparedness to perform advanced pharmacy practice competencies. Design. The Preparedness to Provide Pharmaceutical Care (PREP) survey was modified and administered to each class at a Midwestern university from 2005–2008. Factor analysis and 1-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons were applied to assess the effectiveness of changes made in the pharmacy curriculum. Assessment. Factor analysis yielded patterns similar to those reported in the literature. Students rated themselves highest on the psychological aspects and lowest on the administrative aspects of care. Perceived pharmaceutical care skills grew as students progressed through the curriculum, and changes in coursework were reflected in the competencies. Conclusion. Students' perceived competencies (ie, communication, psychological, technical, administrative) were similar to those at other institutions and perceptions of competencies increased in a manner consistent with actual program outcomes.

Global business and finance review, Jun 30, 2014

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Sep 1, 2008

Filing for bankruptcy protection temporarily stays IRS collection efforts and may provide leverag... more Filing for bankruptcy protection temporarily stays IRS collection efforts and may provide leverage in negotiations. Other debts, e.g., unsecured debts, are dischargeable in bankruptcy. Taken together, these laws may lead to a discharge of unsecured debts which otherwise would be repaid but for the IRS debt. Using PACER data from the Eastern District of Washington, we investigate whether distributions of net income, assets and liabilities are significantly different among individuals filing for bankruptcy with IRS claims and those without. Using simple hypothesis tests, we find debtors with priority IRS claims are better off financially, except when controlling for other characteristics.

Economics Bulletin, Jul 11, 2015

The decision to file for bankruptcy, and more specifically to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy prot... more The decision to file for bankruptcy, and more specifically to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy protection, is a major financial decision that impacts the debtor's financial well-being for several years. Under financial economic theory, debtors should make informed choices, which include having clear rationale for making specific chapter filing choices. Based on those choices, expected outcomes accrue to the debtor. Moreover, rationales for the debtor's decisions should be revealed as debtors disclose their assets, liabilities, income and other salient characteristics in the filing process. The common rationales, as characterized by the outcomes accruing from making a choice to file under Chapter 13, are explored in this manuscript. Using a sample of nearly 300 Chapter 13 bankruptcy filings in the Eastern Washington Bankruptcy Court District, approximately 32 percent of all filers accrue no obvious financial benefit from filing under Chapter 13, and would be been better off financially by filing under Chapter 7. These filings are typically attributed to local norms and business practices that occur within a community, also known as â€œlegal cultureâ€ . This analysis suggests that legal culture plays a very significant role in Chapter 13 bankruptcy chapter filing choices.

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Feb 1, 2006

Efficiency measurement has been one of the most extensively explored areas of health services res... more Efficiency measurement has been one of the most extensively explored areas of health services research over the past two decades. Despite this attention, few studies have examined whether a provider's efficiency varies on a monthly, quarterly or other, sub-annual basis. This paper presents an empirical study that looks for evidence of seasonal inefficiency. Using a quarterly panel of general, acute-care hospitals from Washington State, we find that hospital efficiency does vary over time; however, the nature of this dynamic inefficiency depends on the type of efficiency being measured. Our results suggest that technical and cost efficiency vary by quarter. Allocative and scale efficiency also vary on a quarterly basis, but only if the data are jointly disaggregated by quarter and another, firm-specific factor such as size or operating status. Thus, future research, corporate decisions and government policies designed to improve the efficiency of hospital care need to account for seasonal trends in hospital efficiency.