DR KHOR POY HUA - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by DR KHOR POY HUA
Jurnal Intelek
Even though extensive Internet research has been conducted around the world, there is still a lac... more Even though extensive Internet research has been conducted around the world, there is still a lack of knowledge about motivational factors and their moderating effects on the inclination to utilize sports event tourism websites. Two theories are being utilized in this study – (i) the Sport Website Acceptance Model (SWAM) and (ii) the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT). Customer-perceived values which are derived from the SWAM consist of four components including accessibility, flexibility, interactivity, and reliability, while motivation factors include informativeness gratification and entertainment gratification. This study utilized a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 530 sports tourists (315 males and 215 females) participated in three major sporting events involved in this study. Respondents were selected by using a probability sampling technique. The results of Pearson correlation analyses show that there was a significant relationship between customer-perceived val...
2010 International Conference on Science and Social Research (CSSR 2010), 2010
Low intensity exercise but with potential benefits was more preferable as an alternative to more ... more Low intensity exercise but with potential benefits was more preferable as an alternative to more vigorous exercise when striving for health benefits for breast cancer patients and survivors. The present study seeks to understand the roles of mind-body exercise particularly Guolin Qigong in the health care of breast cancer survivors in Malaysia, the motivation factors that drove these survivors to practise a low intensity exercise such as Guolin Qigong and the outcomes gained from this exercise. A purposive sampling technique and in-depth interview was employed to 13 informants from five regions in Malaysia. The findings of the study indicated that the Qigong exercise has developed self-empowerment and helped these women to be responsible for their own life particularly physical, psychosocial and spiritual. It also serves as an avenue for support and communication among the breast cancer survivors. The motivations from them to practise Qigong were supported by the need of these women to survive and their belief in this Guolin Qigong in healing their cancer and its adaptable form of exercise which led to their enjoyment into integrating this exercise into their daily routine. The outcome gained from this exercise were feeling good, lessened anxiety, found peacefulness, strengthen immune system and found internal strength and direction in fighting their cancer. Lastly, this study provided better understanding for all cancer patients and survivors the roles of Guolin Qigong exercise in enhancing quality of life for cancer patients and survivors. These findings can be used to health practitioners and health providers to promote Guolin Qigong exercise and motivate all cancer patients and survivors to practise Guolin Qigong.
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Dec 28, 2021
Well managed marketing is essential in the development of a successful sport. Currently, the spor... more Well managed marketing is essential in the development of a successful sport. Currently, the sports events marketing is tremendously competitive. As a result, customer-perceived value is becoming increasingly critical in the success of a business. Therefore, sports events organizers must be more innovative and creative in planning their marketing strategies. When building sports events tourism websites, the emphasis should be on the customer-perceived values rather than the interests of sports tourism organisations or service providers. This study seeks to ascertain the correlation between customer-perceived values of sports events tourism websites and sports tourists' inclination to use the websites. A quantitative method in the form of survey were used to collect data. The respondents in this study are 530 sports tourists who have attended three big sporting events in Malaysia. A linear correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlations between customer-perceived values and their inclination to use sports event tourism websites. Then, a multiple regression test was carried out to determine the influence of the components of customer-perceived value towards their inclination to use sports event tourism websites. The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between customer-perceived values and their inclination to use sports events tourism websites, albeit a moderate relationship. Moreover, the components of customer-perceived values, flexibility and reliability have been shown to be significant predictors towards their inclination to use sports events tourism websites.
Jurnal Intelek, 2022
Today, families are considered the main contributors to the growing market of tourism business. T... more Today, families are considered the main contributors to the growing market of tourism business. This trend is motivated by the growing awareness on retaining family ties and generating memories of family memories. Making decision for family sports tourism is a challenging task, especially when it involves inter-generational tourism. Although family tourism is growing globally, details of challenges that constrain family tourists varies across the globe and surprisingly no study has so far addressed the issue thoroughly especially in Malaysia. This paper relates the challenges experienced by families of different income levels in family sports tourism at Pulau Langkawi. The objectives were answered based on a survey conducted among 243 family sports tourists at Pulau Langkawi and data collected using questionnaire was statistically tested using MANOVA. Regardless of family income level, quantitative findings identified the influential challenges in significant order as structural con...
<ns7:p>The purpose of this study is to identify the infuence of attitude, self-effcacy, and... more <ns7:p>The purpose of this study is to identify the infuence of attitude, self-effcacy, and motivation on leisure time physical activity and sport participation among students in the Malaysia public universities. The study sample comprised of 551 male and 801 female undergraduates who were selected by means of random cluster sampling. Questionnaires were utilized to collect data. The results of the study showed that there were positive correlations among leisure attitude, motivation, self-effcacy and leisure time physical activity and sport participation among undergraduate students. The results also revealed that motivation and self-effcacy were the best predictors of leisure time physical activity and sport participation. This study suggests that in the effort to encourage the student's leisure time physical activity and sport participation and involvement, the university management should plan and organize programmes to develop positive attitude among students, increase their self- effcacy and motivation level of physical activity and sport participation. </ns7:p>
The primary concerns of this study is whether universities ’ sport coaches possess good coaching ... more The primary concerns of this study is whether universities ’ sport coaches possess good coaching competency skills in bringing up potential athletes for the country. What are coaches ’ coaching competency levels? Do their competencies capability able to contribute significantly to sport achievement motivation of student-athletes? Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches and student-athletes ’ achievement motivation at the Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) in sports competitions. A total of 322 student-athletes were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale to measure four different dimensions of coaching competency and Sport Orientation Questionnaire to measure achievement motivation of student-athletes. Validity and reliability of the instrument were found to be satisfactory.The results of this study indicate that the coaches ’ competency levels at the HEI were not differ significantly by ge...
The online marketing has gained prominence among sport event tourists due to its sophisticated fe... more The online marketing has gained prominence among sport event tourists due to its sophisticated features. Even though researchers have examined various factors that influence general consumer use of the Internet, but there are limited research conducted on acceptance of online sports marketing. Thus, a survey was conducted to identify the components of benefits perceived (accessibility, flexibility, interactivity and reliability) and components of challenges experienced (technical challenges and organizational and behavioral challanges) in acceptance of online sports marketing. Using the Sport Website Acceptance Model (SWAM) and Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) as its theoretical framework, this study analyzed the data by applying Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and independent sample t-test to test research hypotheses. A number of 126 respondents among the FSR students of UiTM (Perlis) were involved in this present research. Self-administered questionnaire was distribu...
Hima means a protected area. Access to a protected area was normally forbidden to others by the p... more Hima means a protected area. Access to a protected area was normally forbidden to others by the person or group who owned it in the pre-Islamic era. The objectives of this paper are to highlight aspects of the protected areas as seen from the perspective of Islamic laws; and how it then turns the protected areas into living sanctuaries. It is a combination of exploratory and library-based research. The Holy Hadith (or the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad SAW) are also included in the discussion of protected areas. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under the responsibility of the Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies (cE-Bs), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords: Hima; wetlands; conservation; living sanctuaries 1. Introduction The history of environmental conservation started around five thousand years ago. For instance, ancient Egyptians took great care of the environment; the Roman Emperor Hadrian w...
Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal
Following the activities of a tyre recycling company in Johor, Malaysia, over 2000 people fell si... more Following the activities of a tyre recycling company in Johor, Malaysia, over 2000 people fell sick and 111 schools were shut when toxic substances were released into the Sungai Kim Kim, a river in Pasir Gudang. This paper examines the relevance of corporate environmental responsibility (CER) policy framework in ensuring constant environmental sustainability by corporate bodies in Malaysia. The paper adopts a comparative law research methodology to assess the potential impact of environmentally sustainable corporate social responsibility across two jurisdictions i.e., Malaysia and India. Looking at existing CER framework in another jurisdiction, the paper argues that voluntary and mandatory CER can strengthen existing environmental regulations in Malaysia under the environmental regulation in Malaysia.Keywords: Environment, Corporate Environment Responsibility, Malaysia, IndiaeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Lt...
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
In a multiracial society, female's leisure practices are different than the general public becaus... more In a multiracial society, female's leisure practices are different than the general public because their choices are controlled by the structure of society within different cultures. This study is concerned with the barriers and negotiations experienced by Malaysian females in event-based sports tourism, based on Crawford, Jackson, and Godbey's (1991) hierarchical model of leisure constraints. The barriers experienced were related to structural and cultural components. The negotiations assumed were interpersonal coordination, skill acquisition, financial resources, and time management strategies. The insights gained could benefit the related operators in preparing strategies to tap the mega-billion ringgit sports tourism market.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
It is a challenge for sport tourism providers to organize the exceptional demand of physically-di... more It is a challenge for sport tourism providers to organize the exceptional demand of physically-disabled individuals. Analyzing the orientation of physically-disabled in sport tourism participation provides the basis for further theoretical recognition of constraints and negotiations in sport tourism in general, besides facilitating related providers and policy makers in understanding of strategies development to promote sporting events among individuals with disability. The objective of the current paper is answered based on survey research conducted in a representative sample of 312 physically-disabled Malaysian. According to the results, physically-disabled Malaysian struggle with a mix of structural constraints, interpersonal constraints, intrapersonal constraints, and cultural constraints. Majority of them are structurally constrained in sporting event participation. Although transportation is the main constraint factor, participations are possible through adoption of interpersonal coordination strategies, skill acquisition strategies, time management strategies, and financial resources strategies
World Journal of Education, 2013
This study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches at the higher institutions' s... more This study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches at the higher institutions' sports competitions organized by the Universities Sports Council of Malaysia. Multi-dimensional model of leadership behaviors and models of coaching effectiveness were used as the basis for the theoretical framework. A total of 322 student-athletes comprising 183 (57.2%) men and 137 (44.8%) women were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale for data collection. The results of this study indicate that the coaches' competency level were not differ significantly by gender and performance of student-athletes, but it was differed significantly by type of sport, between team and individual sports. The information from this study may help coaches to some extent in planning strategies for coaching athletes to ensure the effectiveness of its role as a coach.
Review of European Studies, 2014
The primary concerns of this study is whether universities' sport coaches possess good coaching c... more The primary concerns of this study is whether universities' sport coaches possess good coaching competency skills in bringing up potential athletes for the country. What are coaches' coaching competency levels? Do their competencies capability able to contribute significantly to sport achievement motivation of student-athletes? Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches and student-athletes' achievement motivation at the Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) in sports competitions. A total of 322 student-athletes were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale to measure four different dimensions of coaching competency and Sport Orientation Questionnaire to measure achievement motivation of student-athletes. Validity and reliability of the instrument were found to be satisfactory.The results of this study indicate that the coaches' competency levels at the HEI were not differ significantly by gender and performance of student-athletes, but it was differed significantly by type of sport, between team and individual sports. In addition, this study showed that there was a moderate relationship between the competencies of sport coaches and achievement motivation among student-athletes. However, among the coaches' coaching competencies, motivation competency of coaches was found to be significant contributor to student-athletes sport achievement motivation. The study provides important insights from the perspective of sport development programme at the related organizations which can be valuable in identifying and recruiting suitable coaches; and helping coaches to some extent in planning strategies for coaching athletes to ensure the effectiveness of its role as a coach.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
Jurnal Intelek
Even though extensive Internet research has been conducted around the world, there is still a lac... more Even though extensive Internet research has been conducted around the world, there is still a lack of knowledge about motivational factors and their moderating effects on the inclination to utilize sports event tourism websites. Two theories are being utilized in this study – (i) the Sport Website Acceptance Model (SWAM) and (ii) the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT). Customer-perceived values which are derived from the SWAM consist of four components including accessibility, flexibility, interactivity, and reliability, while motivation factors include informativeness gratification and entertainment gratification. This study utilized a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 530 sports tourists (315 males and 215 females) participated in three major sporting events involved in this study. Respondents were selected by using a probability sampling technique. The results of Pearson correlation analyses show that there was a significant relationship between customer-perceived val...
2010 International Conference on Science and Social Research (CSSR 2010), 2010
Low intensity exercise but with potential benefits was more preferable as an alternative to more ... more Low intensity exercise but with potential benefits was more preferable as an alternative to more vigorous exercise when striving for health benefits for breast cancer patients and survivors. The present study seeks to understand the roles of mind-body exercise particularly Guolin Qigong in the health care of breast cancer survivors in Malaysia, the motivation factors that drove these survivors to practise a low intensity exercise such as Guolin Qigong and the outcomes gained from this exercise. A purposive sampling technique and in-depth interview was employed to 13 informants from five regions in Malaysia. The findings of the study indicated that the Qigong exercise has developed self-empowerment and helped these women to be responsible for their own life particularly physical, psychosocial and spiritual. It also serves as an avenue for support and communication among the breast cancer survivors. The motivations from them to practise Qigong were supported by the need of these women to survive and their belief in this Guolin Qigong in healing their cancer and its adaptable form of exercise which led to their enjoyment into integrating this exercise into their daily routine. The outcome gained from this exercise were feeling good, lessened anxiety, found peacefulness, strengthen immune system and found internal strength and direction in fighting their cancer. Lastly, this study provided better understanding for all cancer patients and survivors the roles of Guolin Qigong exercise in enhancing quality of life for cancer patients and survivors. These findings can be used to health practitioners and health providers to promote Guolin Qigong exercise and motivate all cancer patients and survivors to practise Guolin Qigong.
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Dec 28, 2021
Well managed marketing is essential in the development of a successful sport. Currently, the spor... more Well managed marketing is essential in the development of a successful sport. Currently, the sports events marketing is tremendously competitive. As a result, customer-perceived value is becoming increasingly critical in the success of a business. Therefore, sports events organizers must be more innovative and creative in planning their marketing strategies. When building sports events tourism websites, the emphasis should be on the customer-perceived values rather than the interests of sports tourism organisations or service providers. This study seeks to ascertain the correlation between customer-perceived values of sports events tourism websites and sports tourists' inclination to use the websites. A quantitative method in the form of survey were used to collect data. The respondents in this study are 530 sports tourists who have attended three big sporting events in Malaysia. A linear correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlations between customer-perceived values and their inclination to use sports event tourism websites. Then, a multiple regression test was carried out to determine the influence of the components of customer-perceived value towards their inclination to use sports event tourism websites. The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between customer-perceived values and their inclination to use sports events tourism websites, albeit a moderate relationship. Moreover, the components of customer-perceived values, flexibility and reliability have been shown to be significant predictors towards their inclination to use sports events tourism websites.
Jurnal Intelek, 2022
Today, families are considered the main contributors to the growing market of tourism business. T... more Today, families are considered the main contributors to the growing market of tourism business. This trend is motivated by the growing awareness on retaining family ties and generating memories of family memories. Making decision for family sports tourism is a challenging task, especially when it involves inter-generational tourism. Although family tourism is growing globally, details of challenges that constrain family tourists varies across the globe and surprisingly no study has so far addressed the issue thoroughly especially in Malaysia. This paper relates the challenges experienced by families of different income levels in family sports tourism at Pulau Langkawi. The objectives were answered based on a survey conducted among 243 family sports tourists at Pulau Langkawi and data collected using questionnaire was statistically tested using MANOVA. Regardless of family income level, quantitative findings identified the influential challenges in significant order as structural con...
<ns7:p>The purpose of this study is to identify the infuence of attitude, self-effcacy, and... more <ns7:p>The purpose of this study is to identify the infuence of attitude, self-effcacy, and motivation on leisure time physical activity and sport participation among students in the Malaysia public universities. The study sample comprised of 551 male and 801 female undergraduates who were selected by means of random cluster sampling. Questionnaires were utilized to collect data. The results of the study showed that there were positive correlations among leisure attitude, motivation, self-effcacy and leisure time physical activity and sport participation among undergraduate students. The results also revealed that motivation and self-effcacy were the best predictors of leisure time physical activity and sport participation. This study suggests that in the effort to encourage the student's leisure time physical activity and sport participation and involvement, the university management should plan and organize programmes to develop positive attitude among students, increase their self- effcacy and motivation level of physical activity and sport participation. </ns7:p>
The primary concerns of this study is whether universities ’ sport coaches possess good coaching ... more The primary concerns of this study is whether universities ’ sport coaches possess good coaching competency skills in bringing up potential athletes for the country. What are coaches ’ coaching competency levels? Do their competencies capability able to contribute significantly to sport achievement motivation of student-athletes? Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches and student-athletes ’ achievement motivation at the Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) in sports competitions. A total of 322 student-athletes were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale to measure four different dimensions of coaching competency and Sport Orientation Questionnaire to measure achievement motivation of student-athletes. Validity and reliability of the instrument were found to be satisfactory.The results of this study indicate that the coaches ’ competency levels at the HEI were not differ significantly by ge...
The online marketing has gained prominence among sport event tourists due to its sophisticated fe... more The online marketing has gained prominence among sport event tourists due to its sophisticated features. Even though researchers have examined various factors that influence general consumer use of the Internet, but there are limited research conducted on acceptance of online sports marketing. Thus, a survey was conducted to identify the components of benefits perceived (accessibility, flexibility, interactivity and reliability) and components of challenges experienced (technical challenges and organizational and behavioral challanges) in acceptance of online sports marketing. Using the Sport Website Acceptance Model (SWAM) and Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) as its theoretical framework, this study analyzed the data by applying Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and independent sample t-test to test research hypotheses. A number of 126 respondents among the FSR students of UiTM (Perlis) were involved in this present research. Self-administered questionnaire was distribu...
Hima means a protected area. Access to a protected area was normally forbidden to others by the p... more Hima means a protected area. Access to a protected area was normally forbidden to others by the person or group who owned it in the pre-Islamic era. The objectives of this paper are to highlight aspects of the protected areas as seen from the perspective of Islamic laws; and how it then turns the protected areas into living sanctuaries. It is a combination of exploratory and library-based research. The Holy Hadith (or the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad SAW) are also included in the discussion of protected areas. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under the responsibility of the Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies (cE-Bs), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords: Hima; wetlands; conservation; living sanctuaries 1. Introduction The history of environmental conservation started around five thousand years ago. For instance, ancient Egyptians took great care of the environment; the Roman Emperor Hadrian w...
Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal
Following the activities of a tyre recycling company in Johor, Malaysia, over 2000 people fell si... more Following the activities of a tyre recycling company in Johor, Malaysia, over 2000 people fell sick and 111 schools were shut when toxic substances were released into the Sungai Kim Kim, a river in Pasir Gudang. This paper examines the relevance of corporate environmental responsibility (CER) policy framework in ensuring constant environmental sustainability by corporate bodies in Malaysia. The paper adopts a comparative law research methodology to assess the potential impact of environmentally sustainable corporate social responsibility across two jurisdictions i.e., Malaysia and India. Looking at existing CER framework in another jurisdiction, the paper argues that voluntary and mandatory CER can strengthen existing environmental regulations in Malaysia under the environmental regulation in Malaysia.Keywords: Environment, Corporate Environment Responsibility, Malaysia, IndiaeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Lt...
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
In a multiracial society, female's leisure practices are different than the general public becaus... more In a multiracial society, female's leisure practices are different than the general public because their choices are controlled by the structure of society within different cultures. This study is concerned with the barriers and negotiations experienced by Malaysian females in event-based sports tourism, based on Crawford, Jackson, and Godbey's (1991) hierarchical model of leisure constraints. The barriers experienced were related to structural and cultural components. The negotiations assumed were interpersonal coordination, skill acquisition, financial resources, and time management strategies. The insights gained could benefit the related operators in preparing strategies to tap the mega-billion ringgit sports tourism market.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
It is a challenge for sport tourism providers to organize the exceptional demand of physically-di... more It is a challenge for sport tourism providers to organize the exceptional demand of physically-disabled individuals. Analyzing the orientation of physically-disabled in sport tourism participation provides the basis for further theoretical recognition of constraints and negotiations in sport tourism in general, besides facilitating related providers and policy makers in understanding of strategies development to promote sporting events among individuals with disability. The objective of the current paper is answered based on survey research conducted in a representative sample of 312 physically-disabled Malaysian. According to the results, physically-disabled Malaysian struggle with a mix of structural constraints, interpersonal constraints, intrapersonal constraints, and cultural constraints. Majority of them are structurally constrained in sporting event participation. Although transportation is the main constraint factor, participations are possible through adoption of interpersonal coordination strategies, skill acquisition strategies, time management strategies, and financial resources strategies
World Journal of Education, 2013
This study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches at the higher institutions' s... more This study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches at the higher institutions' sports competitions organized by the Universities Sports Council of Malaysia. Multi-dimensional model of leadership behaviors and models of coaching effectiveness were used as the basis for the theoretical framework. A total of 322 student-athletes comprising 183 (57.2%) men and 137 (44.8%) women were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale for data collection. The results of this study indicate that the coaches' competency level were not differ significantly by gender and performance of student-athletes, but it was differed significantly by type of sport, between team and individual sports. The information from this study may help coaches to some extent in planning strategies for coaching athletes to ensure the effectiveness of its role as a coach.
Review of European Studies, 2014
The primary concerns of this study is whether universities' sport coaches possess good coaching c... more The primary concerns of this study is whether universities' sport coaches possess good coaching competency skills in bringing up potential athletes for the country. What are coaches' coaching competency levels? Do their competencies capability able to contribute significantly to sport achievement motivation of student-athletes? Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the competency level of coaches and student-athletes' achievement motivation at the Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) in sports competitions. A total of 322 student-athletes were participated in the questionnaire survey. Researchers have adapted the Coaching Competency Scale to measure four different dimensions of coaching competency and Sport Orientation Questionnaire to measure achievement motivation of student-athletes. Validity and reliability of the instrument were found to be satisfactory.The results of this study indicate that the coaches' competency levels at the HEI were not differ significantly by gender and performance of student-athletes, but it was differed significantly by type of sport, between team and individual sports. In addition, this study showed that there was a moderate relationship between the competencies of sport coaches and achievement motivation among student-athletes. However, among the coaches' coaching competencies, motivation competency of coaches was found to be significant contributor to student-athletes sport achievement motivation. The study provides important insights from the perspective of sport development programme at the related organizations which can be valuable in identifying and recruiting suitable coaches; and helping coaches to some extent in planning strategies for coaching athletes to ensure the effectiveness of its role as a coach.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013