DR. SEEMA RANI - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by DR. SEEMA RANI

Research paper thumbnail of Relative toxicity of novel insecticides to American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Apr 5, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Toxicity of Novel Molecules and Conventional Insecticides Against Spotted Bollworm, Earias vittella (Fabricius)

Pesticide Research Journal, 2005

New molecules having novel mode of action along with conventional insecticides were bioassayed ag... more New molecules having novel mode of action along with conventional insecticides were bioassayed against 5-day old larvae of Earias vittella (Fabricius) by ‘Potters tower spray method’. Based on the LC50 values, abamectin, betacyfluthrin, emamectin benzoate and spinosad were found highly toxic to the test insect. The LC50 values of abamectin, betacyfluthrin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, cypermethrin, endosulfan, lambda cyhalothrin, chlorpyriphos, indoxacarb, and fipronil were 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0004, 0.0004, 0.0006, 0.0017, 0.0027, 0.0032, 0.0237 and 0.0409%, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth and development of Spodoptera litura fabricius on different host plants

Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2002

The growth and development of Spodoptera litura was studied on ten different host plants, viz., c... more The growth and development of Spodoptera litura was studied on ten different host plants, viz., cauliflower (Brassica oleracea), mustard (Brassica compestris), kidney bean (Dolichos lablab), French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), castor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Improved artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Mar 1, 2005

An artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from... more An artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from the neonate to adult stage was developed at 27^18C, 65^5% RH and 16:8 h scoto/photo-phase regime. The diet ingredients consisted of wheat germ (26.0 g), kidney bean flour (51.3 g), chickpea flour (56.0 g), yeast powder (31.6 g), casein (15.2 g), L-ascorbic acid (3.2 g), cholesterol (0.5 g), two multivitamin multimineral capsules, one vitamin E capsule, ABDEC drops (2 ml), castor oil (1 ml), methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (1.8 g), sorbic acid (1.3 g), streptomycin sulphate (0.25 g), formaldehyde solution (2 ml), agar-agar (16.4 g) and 820 ml distilled water. The new artificial diet successfully supported the growth and development for more than ten generations with enhanced reproductive potential. The mean biological parameters based on rearing of ten continuous generations showed higher pupation (89.2%), emergence (97.2%), survival (86.6%) and fecundity (2486.2 eggs) as compared to the most preferred natural food, castor leaf whose respective recorded values are 80, 75, 60% and 480 eggs. The cost of 1 l of the diet was approximately US$ 2.00 only, on which 200 neonate larvae can be reared. The artificial diet developed is suitable for mass rearing S. litura successfully throughout the year for laboratory and field experimentation as well as for commercial production of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (Sl NPV).

Research paper thumbnail of Growth-inhibitory effects of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) proteinase inhibitors on two problematic lepidopteran pests

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2008

A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ... more A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] proteinase inhibitors inhibited the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). It affected the larval and pupal survival and adult emergence in a dose-dependent manner. Larval-pupal intermediates and malformed adults were also observed. At higher dose of winged bean proteinase inhibitors (4.5 trypsin inhibitor units/g of diet), 44.1% of H. armigera and 50% of S. litura could only survive. There was no fecundity at this dose, however, at its lower dose less fecundity was observed, but hatching could not take place in both the test insects, thereby there was no subsequent generation. The growth and developmental indices reduced from 5.46 (control) to 3.53 (proteinase inhibitors fed) and 2.84 to 1.36 in H. armigera, and their values in S. litura reduced from 5.55 to 5.0 and 3.0 to 1.44 respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of plant Lectins on growth and development of American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Apr 5, 2005

An experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 to study the effectiveness of certain lectins, viz s... more An experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 to study the effectiveness of certain lectins, viz soybean [Glycine max(L.)Merr.]agglutinin, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) lectin, wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) germ agglutinin and pea (Pisum ...

Research paper thumbnail of Mass rearing of the spotted bollworm, Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on an artificial diet

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Jun 1, 2005

An artificial diet was developed for mass rearing of the spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fabric... more An artificial diet was developed for mass rearing of the spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fabricius) in environmentally controlled conditions (27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% R. H. and 16:8 h scoto/photophase). The ingredients for 11 of diet consisted of soybean (Glycine max flour (60.0 g), chickpea (Cicer arietinum var. kabuli) flour (58.0 g), wheatgerm (16.0 g), dried yeast powder (16.0 g), casein (8.0 g), L-ascorbic acid (2.4 g), cholesterol (0.4 g), methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (0.4 g), sorbic acid (2.4 g), streptomycin sulphate (0.4 g), agar-agar (16.0 g) and distilled water (820 ml). The artificial diet developed showed a higher development index (3.58) and a higher survival rate (83.4%) compared to the most preferred natural food (okra pods), for which these parameters were 3.09 and 65.0%, respectively. All the ingredients of the diet are easily available and inexpensive. The cost of 11 of the diet, on which 400 larvae can be reared, is approximately US$ 2.00.RésuméOn a mis au point un milieu artificiel pour l’élevage de masse du ver tacheté, Earias vittella (Fabricius), de la chenille neonate jusqu’ à l’insecte adulte. L’expérience a été conduite dans une enceinte contrôlée à 27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% H.R. et 16:8 h de scoto/photophase. La composition d’un litre du milieu inclut 60,0 g de farine soja, 58,0 g de farine de pois chiche, 16,0 g de germe de blé, 16,0 g de levure en poudre séchée, 8,0 g de caséine, 2,4 g d’acide L-ascorbique, 0,4 de cholestérol, 0,4 g de méthyle p-hydroxybenzoate, 2,4 g d’acide sorbique, 0,4 g de streptomycine sulfate, 16,0 g d’agar-agar et 820 ml d’eau distillée. Le milieu artificiel mis au point permet un meilleur indice de développement (3,58) et un taux de survie plus élevé (83,4%) que l’aliment (les gousses d’okra) préféré par E. vitella, pour lequel ces paramétres sont respectivement de 3,09 et 65,0%. Le milieu artificiel mis au point convient pour un élevage en masse de E. vittella tout au long de l’année. Tous les ingrédients entrant dans la composition du milieu artificiel sont localement disponibles et meilleur marché. Le coût de revient par litre de milieu est approximativement de 2,00 US$ et celui-ci permet d’élever 400 larves.

Research paper thumbnail of Relative Toxicity of Certain New Insecticides Against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Pesticide Research Journal, 2004

The relative susceptibility of 5-day old larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to certain novel... more The relative susceptibility of 5-day old larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to certain novel insecticides along with conventional ones was determined by bioassay using ‘Potter's tower’. On the basis of LC50 value, the order of toxicity of different insecticides with relative toxicity in parenthesis was: emamectin benzoate (6.93) > fenvalerate (1.82) > indoxacarb (1.62) > cypermethrin (1.00) > abamectin (0.94) > quinalphos (0.67) > bifenthrin (0.51) > spinosad (0.44) > endosulfan (0.28) > betacyfluthrin (0.23) > lambda cyhalothrin (0.19). The relative toxicity serves as a ready reckoner for the selection of suitable insecticides for effective pest management under field conditions. Also, such baseline data would provide a record for detecting resistance level of S. litura, if any, to various insecticides at different periods.

Research paper thumbnail of Bitter gourd proteinase inhibitors: potential growth inhibitors of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura

Phytochemistry, 2003

Proteinase inhibitors (PIs) from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were identifi... more Proteinase inhibitors (PIs) from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were identified as strong inhibitors of Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases (HGP). Biochemical investigations showed that bitter gourd PIs (BGPIs) inhibited more than 80% HGP activity. Electrophoretic analysis revealed the presence of two major proteins (BGPI-1 and-2) and two minor proteins (BGPI-3 and-4) having inhibitory activity against both trypsin and HGP. The major isoforms BGPI-1 and BGPI-2 have molecular mass of 3.5 and 3.0 kDa, respectively. BGPIs inhibited HGP activity of larvae fed on different host plants, on artificial diet with or without added PIs and proteinases excreted in fecal matter. Degradation of BGPI-1 by HGP showed direct correlation with accumulation of BGPI-2-like peptide, which remained stable and active against high concentrations of HGP up to 3 h. Chemical inhibitors of serine proteinases offered partial protection to BGPI-1 from degradation by HGP, suggesting that trypsin and chymotrypsin like proteinases are involved in degradation of BGPI-1. In larval feeding studies, BGPIs were found to retard growth and development of two lepidopteran pests namely Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura. This is the first report showing that BGPIs mediated inhibition of insect gut proteinases directly affects fertility and fecundity of both H. armigera and S. litura. The results advocate use of BGPIs to introduce insect resistance in otherwise susceptible plants.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth-Inhibitory Effects of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus) Proteinase Inhibitors on Two Problematic Lepidopteran Pests

Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2008

A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ... more A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] proteinase inhibitors inhibited the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). It affected the larval and pupal survival and adult ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae to white grubs Holotrichia serrata

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2021

Holotrichia serrata species of white grub is one of the major pests in sugarcane causing severe d... more Holotrichia serrata species of white grub is one of the major pests in sugarcane causing severe damage to kharif crops by its larval stages which lives inside the soil and causes quantifiable losses in the crops. Their infestation has been reported across the country and incidence is increasing every year. Current suppression strategy is mainly strategized with the use of chemical pesticides; however, none of them are found effective by farmers in lowering down their population below ETL. The biological factors that influence populations of white grubs' complex are relevant to the potentiality of the biological control with soil fungi. Metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus that occurs naturally in soils and causes disease in various insect pests. Laboratory assays were done to measure the pathogenicity of M. anisopliae against H. serrata. M. anisopliae identified as pathogenic for eggs to adult stage of test insect pest at higher dose 1010 spores/ml. The result showed that higher doses achieving greater killing in eggs and much effective for 1st and 2nd instar grub, pupal and adult stage after 20 days of treatment; however it is not recorded to be effective against 3rd instar of grub at this doze.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of the maize orange leafhopper Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2005

Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a pest of the second planting of fo... more Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a pest of the second planting of forage maize in central Kyushu, Japan. The effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of C. bipunctata was examined in laboratory experiments. The survivorship of eggs and nymphs was the highest at 25.3°C. The developmental periods of eggs and nymphs were significantly shortened as the temperature was increased up to 34.0°C. The developmental zero (T 0) was estimated at 14.0°C for eggs and female nymphs, 14.2°C for male nymphs, and 15.9°C for preoviposition period. A thermal constant (K) of 118.1, 182.7, 176.9, and 39.5 degree-days was estimated as the effective temperature sums for the development of the eggs, female nymphs, male nymphs, and preoviposition period, respectively. Adult longevity and fecundity were higher than those of other rice-associated leafhoppers, while net reproductive rate (R 0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m) were lower than those of other rice-associated leafhoppers. An increase of 1.29 and 1.43 generations per year following global warming was estimated for C. bipunctata by 2100, relative to 1990, in Kumamoto and Miyazaki, Japan, respectively. Thus, C. bipunctata has the potential to become a serious pest of cereal crops other than the second planting of forage maize.

Research paper thumbnail of In vivo evaluation of indigenous strain of heterorhabditis indica against holotrichia serrata f

Indian Journal of Entomology, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Laboratory rearing of Anomala dimidiata (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) on live maize roots

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA

Research paper thumbnail of IN VIVO EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS STRAIN OF HETERORHABDITIS INDICA AGAINST HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA

The root feeding white grub of Holotrichia serrata F. causes serious damage in sugarcane, groundn... more The root feeding white grub of Holotrichia serrata F. causes serious damage in sugarcane, groundnut and maize, and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are effective against this pest. In the present study the native strain of EPN Heterorhabditis indica (MK078602) was isolated from village Sabitgarh, Bulandshahar district in Uttar Pradesh. Its efficacy was evaluated against H. serrata under laboratory conditions. Infective Juveniles in selected concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 IJs/larva of H. rhabdita in 100g were applied to the 1 st and 2 nd instar grubs using surface soil incorporation method. LD 50 and LD 90 values were analyzed at different time inoculation. The results revealed maximum mortality with LD 50 of 89.601 and LD 90 of 226.200 for 1 st instar; and LD 50 115.050 and LD 90 722.164 IJs for 2 nd instar after 168 hr of inoculation at the minimum dose (IJs/ grub).

Research paper thumbnail of Relative toxicity of novel insecticides to American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Apr 5, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Toxicity of Novel Molecules and Conventional Insecticides Against Spotted Bollworm, Earias vittella (Fabricius)

Pesticide Research Journal, 2005

New molecules having novel mode of action along with conventional insecticides were bioassayed ag... more New molecules having novel mode of action along with conventional insecticides were bioassayed against 5-day old larvae of Earias vittella (Fabricius) by ‘Potters tower spray method’. Based on the LC50 values, abamectin, betacyfluthrin, emamectin benzoate and spinosad were found highly toxic to the test insect. The LC50 values of abamectin, betacyfluthrin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, cypermethrin, endosulfan, lambda cyhalothrin, chlorpyriphos, indoxacarb, and fipronil were 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0004, 0.0004, 0.0006, 0.0017, 0.0027, 0.0032, 0.0237 and 0.0409%, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth and development of Spodoptera litura fabricius on different host plants

Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2002

The growth and development of Spodoptera litura was studied on ten different host plants, viz., c... more The growth and development of Spodoptera litura was studied on ten different host plants, viz., cauliflower (Brassica oleracea), mustard (Brassica compestris), kidney bean (Dolichos lablab), French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), castor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Improved artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Mar 1, 2005

An artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from... more An artificial diet for mass rearing of the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from the neonate to adult stage was developed at 27^18C, 65^5% RH and 16:8 h scoto/photo-phase regime. The diet ingredients consisted of wheat germ (26.0 g), kidney bean flour (51.3 g), chickpea flour (56.0 g), yeast powder (31.6 g), casein (15.2 g), L-ascorbic acid (3.2 g), cholesterol (0.5 g), two multivitamin multimineral capsules, one vitamin E capsule, ABDEC drops (2 ml), castor oil (1 ml), methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (1.8 g), sorbic acid (1.3 g), streptomycin sulphate (0.25 g), formaldehyde solution (2 ml), agar-agar (16.4 g) and 820 ml distilled water. The new artificial diet successfully supported the growth and development for more than ten generations with enhanced reproductive potential. The mean biological parameters based on rearing of ten continuous generations showed higher pupation (89.2%), emergence (97.2%), survival (86.6%) and fecundity (2486.2 eggs) as compared to the most preferred natural food, castor leaf whose respective recorded values are 80, 75, 60% and 480 eggs. The cost of 1 l of the diet was approximately US$ 2.00 only, on which 200 neonate larvae can be reared. The artificial diet developed is suitable for mass rearing S. litura successfully throughout the year for laboratory and field experimentation as well as for commercial production of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (Sl NPV).

Research paper thumbnail of Growth-inhibitory effects of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) proteinase inhibitors on two problematic lepidopteran pests

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2008

A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ... more A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] proteinase inhibitors inhibited the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). It affected the larval and pupal survival and adult emergence in a dose-dependent manner. Larval-pupal intermediates and malformed adults were also observed. At higher dose of winged bean proteinase inhibitors (4.5 trypsin inhibitor units/g of diet), 44.1% of H. armigera and 50% of S. litura could only survive. There was no fecundity at this dose, however, at its lower dose less fecundity was observed, but hatching could not take place in both the test insects, thereby there was no subsequent generation. The growth and developmental indices reduced from 5.46 (control) to 3.53 (proteinase inhibitors fed) and 2.84 to 1.36 in H. armigera, and their values in S. litura reduced from 5.55 to 5.0 and 3.0 to 1.44 respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of plant Lectins on growth and development of American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Apr 5, 2005

An experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 to study the effectiveness of certain lectins, viz s... more An experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 to study the effectiveness of certain lectins, viz soybean [Glycine max(L.)Merr.]agglutinin, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) lectin, wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) germ agglutinin and pea (Pisum ...

Research paper thumbnail of Mass rearing of the spotted bollworm, Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on an artificial diet

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Jun 1, 2005

An artificial diet was developed for mass rearing of the spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fabric... more An artificial diet was developed for mass rearing of the spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fabricius) in environmentally controlled conditions (27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% R. H. and 16:8 h scoto/photophase). The ingredients for 11 of diet consisted of soybean (Glycine max flour (60.0 g), chickpea (Cicer arietinum var. kabuli) flour (58.0 g), wheatgerm (16.0 g), dried yeast powder (16.0 g), casein (8.0 g), L-ascorbic acid (2.4 g), cholesterol (0.4 g), methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (0.4 g), sorbic acid (2.4 g), streptomycin sulphate (0.4 g), agar-agar (16.0 g) and distilled water (820 ml). The artificial diet developed showed a higher development index (3.58) and a higher survival rate (83.4%) compared to the most preferred natural food (okra pods), for which these parameters were 3.09 and 65.0%, respectively. All the ingredients of the diet are easily available and inexpensive. The cost of 11 of the diet, on which 400 larvae can be reared, is approximately US$ 2.00.RésuméOn a mis au point un milieu artificiel pour l’élevage de masse du ver tacheté, Earias vittella (Fabricius), de la chenille neonate jusqu’ à l’insecte adulte. L’expérience a été conduite dans une enceinte contrôlée à 27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% H.R. et 16:8 h de scoto/photophase. La composition d’un litre du milieu inclut 60,0 g de farine soja, 58,0 g de farine de pois chiche, 16,0 g de germe de blé, 16,0 g de levure en poudre séchée, 8,0 g de caséine, 2,4 g d’acide L-ascorbique, 0,4 de cholestérol, 0,4 g de méthyle p-hydroxybenzoate, 2,4 g d’acide sorbique, 0,4 g de streptomycine sulfate, 16,0 g d’agar-agar et 820 ml d’eau distillée. Le milieu artificiel mis au point permet un meilleur indice de développement (3,58) et un taux de survie plus élevé (83,4%) que l’aliment (les gousses d’okra) préféré par E. vitella, pour lequel ces paramétres sont respectivement de 3,09 et 65,0%. Le milieu artificiel mis au point convient pour un élevage en masse de E. vittella tout au long de l’année. Tous les ingrédients entrant dans la composition du milieu artificiel sont localement disponibles et meilleur marché. Le coût de revient par litre de milieu est approximativement de 2,00 US$ et celui-ci permet d’élever 400 larves.

Research paper thumbnail of Relative Toxicity of Certain New Insecticides Against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Pesticide Research Journal, 2004

The relative susceptibility of 5-day old larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to certain novel... more The relative susceptibility of 5-day old larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to certain novel insecticides along with conventional ones was determined by bioassay using ‘Potter's tower’. On the basis of LC50 value, the order of toxicity of different insecticides with relative toxicity in parenthesis was: emamectin benzoate (6.93) > fenvalerate (1.82) > indoxacarb (1.62) > cypermethrin (1.00) > abamectin (0.94) > quinalphos (0.67) > bifenthrin (0.51) > spinosad (0.44) > endosulfan (0.28) > betacyfluthrin (0.23) > lambda cyhalothrin (0.19). The relative toxicity serves as a ready reckoner for the selection of suitable insecticides for effective pest management under field conditions. Also, such baseline data would provide a record for detecting resistance level of S. litura, if any, to various insecticides at different periods.

Research paper thumbnail of Bitter gourd proteinase inhibitors: potential growth inhibitors of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura

Phytochemistry, 2003

Proteinase inhibitors (PIs) from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were identifi... more Proteinase inhibitors (PIs) from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were identified as strong inhibitors of Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases (HGP). Biochemical investigations showed that bitter gourd PIs (BGPIs) inhibited more than 80% HGP activity. Electrophoretic analysis revealed the presence of two major proteins (BGPI-1 and-2) and two minor proteins (BGPI-3 and-4) having inhibitory activity against both trypsin and HGP. The major isoforms BGPI-1 and BGPI-2 have molecular mass of 3.5 and 3.0 kDa, respectively. BGPIs inhibited HGP activity of larvae fed on different host plants, on artificial diet with or without added PIs and proteinases excreted in fecal matter. Degradation of BGPI-1 by HGP showed direct correlation with accumulation of BGPI-2-like peptide, which remained stable and active against high concentrations of HGP up to 3 h. Chemical inhibitors of serine proteinases offered partial protection to BGPI-1 from degradation by HGP, suggesting that trypsin and chymotrypsin like proteinases are involved in degradation of BGPI-1. In larval feeding studies, BGPIs were found to retard growth and development of two lepidopteran pests namely Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura. This is the first report showing that BGPIs mediated inhibition of insect gut proteinases directly affects fertility and fecundity of both H. armigera and S. litura. The results advocate use of BGPIs to introduce insect resistance in otherwise susceptible plants.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth-Inhibitory Effects of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus) Proteinase Inhibitors on Two Problematic Lepidopteran Pests

Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2008

A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ... more A laboratory study conducted during 2004-05 showed that winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] proteinase inhibitors inhibited the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). It affected the larval and pupal survival and adult ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae to white grubs Holotrichia serrata

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2021

Holotrichia serrata species of white grub is one of the major pests in sugarcane causing severe d... more Holotrichia serrata species of white grub is one of the major pests in sugarcane causing severe damage to kharif crops by its larval stages which lives inside the soil and causes quantifiable losses in the crops. Their infestation has been reported across the country and incidence is increasing every year. Current suppression strategy is mainly strategized with the use of chemical pesticides; however, none of them are found effective by farmers in lowering down their population below ETL. The biological factors that influence populations of white grubs' complex are relevant to the potentiality of the biological control with soil fungi. Metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus that occurs naturally in soils and causes disease in various insect pests. Laboratory assays were done to measure the pathogenicity of M. anisopliae against H. serrata. M. anisopliae identified as pathogenic for eggs to adult stage of test insect pest at higher dose 1010 spores/ml. The result showed that higher doses achieving greater killing in eggs and much effective for 1st and 2nd instar grub, pupal and adult stage after 20 days of treatment; however it is not recorded to be effective against 3rd instar of grub at this doze.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of the maize orange leafhopper Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2005

Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a pest of the second planting of fo... more Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a pest of the second planting of forage maize in central Kyushu, Japan. The effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of C. bipunctata was examined in laboratory experiments. The survivorship of eggs and nymphs was the highest at 25.3°C. The developmental periods of eggs and nymphs were significantly shortened as the temperature was increased up to 34.0°C. The developmental zero (T 0) was estimated at 14.0°C for eggs and female nymphs, 14.2°C for male nymphs, and 15.9°C for preoviposition period. A thermal constant (K) of 118.1, 182.7, 176.9, and 39.5 degree-days was estimated as the effective temperature sums for the development of the eggs, female nymphs, male nymphs, and preoviposition period, respectively. Adult longevity and fecundity were higher than those of other rice-associated leafhoppers, while net reproductive rate (R 0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m) were lower than those of other rice-associated leafhoppers. An increase of 1.29 and 1.43 generations per year following global warming was estimated for C. bipunctata by 2100, relative to 1990, in Kumamoto and Miyazaki, Japan, respectively. Thus, C. bipunctata has the potential to become a serious pest of cereal crops other than the second planting of forage maize.

Research paper thumbnail of In vivo evaluation of indigenous strain of heterorhabditis indica against holotrichia serrata f

Indian Journal of Entomology, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Laboratory rearing of Anomala dimidiata (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) on live maize roots

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA

Research paper thumbnail of IN VIVO EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS STRAIN OF HETERORHABDITIS INDICA AGAINST HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA

The root feeding white grub of Holotrichia serrata F. causes serious damage in sugarcane, groundn... more The root feeding white grub of Holotrichia serrata F. causes serious damage in sugarcane, groundnut and maize, and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are effective against this pest. In the present study the native strain of EPN Heterorhabditis indica (MK078602) was isolated from village Sabitgarh, Bulandshahar district in Uttar Pradesh. Its efficacy was evaluated against H. serrata under laboratory conditions. Infective Juveniles in selected concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 IJs/larva of H. rhabdita in 100g were applied to the 1 st and 2 nd instar grubs using surface soil incorporation method. LD 50 and LD 90 values were analyzed at different time inoculation. The results revealed maximum mortality with LD 50 of 89.601 and LD 90 of 226.200 for 1 st instar; and LD 50 115.050 and LD 90 722.164 IJs for 2 nd instar after 168 hr of inoculation at the minimum dose (IJs/ grub).