DaBae Lee - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by DaBae Lee
Educational Technology Research and Development
This article examines the work by Hilton (Educ Technol Res Dev 64: 573-590.
[[abstract]]Past research on personalized learning can be summarized as identifying essential fea... more [[abstract]]Past research on personalized learning can be summarized as identifying essential features of learner-centered school practices based on several school models and suggesting how emerging technologies can support personalized learning. There is a lack of evidence regarding effects of personalized learning on student academic achievement. Also, a systematic investigation on how learner-centered schools practice personalized learning and how they use technology to support it is needed. This presentation will address the knowledge gaps.[[sponsorship]]AECT[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20131028~20131102[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]Anaheim, CA, US
Computers & Education
Sustainability
As a way to support teachers’ professional development activities and build communities of practi... more As a way to support teachers’ professional development activities and build communities of practice for teachers, education researchers and practitioners have put considerable effort into building an online learning community for K–12 teachers to create a venue to facilitate teachers’ joint knowledge construction. However, a substantial number of such online communities have failed due to lack of participation of members. Therefore, it is critical to understand how to design a sustainable community that fulfills members’ needs and elicits active participation of members. In this literature review, we adopted a sociological framework to investigate how to create a sustainable online community. This framework suggests that the sustainability of a community comes from individual members’ three types of commitments: instrumental, affective, and moral commitments. Such commitments are results of members’ cognitive, cathectic, and evaluative processes and lead to membership retainment, co...
Contemporary Educational Technology
Personalized learning (PL) has been internationally promoted as a future direction of educational... more Personalized learning (PL) has been internationally promoted as a future direction of educational reform efforts. While there is growing evidence of PL enhancing learning outcomes, teachers reported having difficulty envisioning PL in practice. This national survey study investigated how PL is practiced in K-12 learner-centered schools in the U.S. to inform educators of learner-centered teachers' PL practice and identify gaps between their practice and research. Five essential components were identified: PL plans, competency-based student progress, criterion-referenced assessment, projector problem-based learning, and multi-year mentoring. Based on the five components, we identified 308 learner-centered schools and received 272 teacher responses from 41 schools. The five components were implemented with different levels of implementation fidelity. We uncovered several areas in need of improvement. Career goals were not often considered when creating PL plans. A misalignment between student progress and assessment practice was found. There was a lack of community involvement during the PBL process. Teachers were not able to build a close relationship with all students. These findings from learner-centered schools revealed that paradigm change demands continuous effort to transform all aspects of the educational system. Suggestions are made for practice and future research.
![Research paper thumbnail of The process of designing for [online] learning: response to Bennett et al](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104474167/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Educational Technology Research and Development
This article examines practical implications of the work by Bennett et al. (Educational Technolog... more This article examines practical implications of the work by Bennett et al. (Educational Technology Research and Development 65(1):125-145, 2017) entitled, "The process of designing for learning: Understanding university teachers' design work". It addressed the knowledge gap of design practices of university faculty by conducting an extensive qualitative study with 30 interviewees. Three design practices reported that are incremental and iterative. Understanding these common design practices is critical to effectively and efficiently support faculty with transferring their instruction online when many institutions face the challenge of supporting a large number of inexperienced faculty with transferring instructions online. Based on the findings, three stages of support can be devised for before, during, and after sessions. Given the non-systematic cyclic design process of the teachers, need-based, just-in-time support and resources may be helpful. Although the reported process is not specifically for online learning design, the findings may contribute to establishing best practices for supporting faculty's online learning design.
Korean society for learning and performance, Jun 1, 2014
Journal of Education for Teaching, 2020
As heavy emphasis is placed on evidence-informed teaching to improve educational practice, develo... more As heavy emphasis is placed on evidence-informed teaching to improve educational practice, developing educators’ statistical literacy to facilitate data-driven decision-making becomes critical. However, there are few practical examples of how statistics can be taught to develop statistical literacy, especially in online courses. This article showcases an online statistics course designed for educators. To enhance conceptual understanding, instructional videos and embedded quizzes were utilised. To increase knowledge transfer, students were engaged in weekly discussions and data analysis exercises, in which statistical concepts were situated in professional and daily life contexts.
[[abstract]]This study aims at 1) identifying learner-centered schools in the U.S. and 2) examini... more [[abstract]]This study aims at 1) identifying learner-centered schools in the U.S. and 2) examining how teachers of those schools are using technology in some of the major subject areas including math, English language art, science and social studies. Online survey was administered to gather data and public academic achievement data was retrieved. Correlation analysis will be implemented to see the relation between the degree of technology use and the academic achievement.[[sponsorship]]AECT[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20131028~20131102[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]Anaheim, CA, US
Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2015
The learner-centered paradigm of instruction differs in such fundamental ways from the teacher-ce... more The learner-centered paradigm of instruction differs in such fundamental ways from the teacher-centered paradigm that it requires technology to serve very different functions. In 2006, a research team at Indiana University began to work on identifying those functions and published their results in 2008. Subsequently, the team elaborated and refined those functional specifications, which are described herein as the Personalized Integrated Educational System (PIES), a technology system that has not yet been developed to support learner-centered education. The four major functions are recordkeeping for student learning, planning for student learning, instruction for student learning, and assessment for and of student learning. Secondary functions include communication and collaboration, PIES administration, and improvement of PIES. Each of these functions is described in detail, followed by specifications for the system architecture, including interoperability, modularity, and customiz...
Educational Technology Research and Development
The Every Student Succeeds Act supports personalized learning (PL) to close achievement gaps of d... more The Every Student Succeeds Act supports personalized learning (PL) to close achievement gaps of diverse K-12 learners in the United States. Implementing PL into a classroom entails a paradigm change of the educational system. However, it is demanding to transform traditional practice into a personalized one under the pressure of the annual standardized testing while it is unclear which PL approaches are more likely to result in better academic outcomes than others. Using national survey data of ELA teachers in identified learner-centered schools, this study compared high and low-performing learner-centered schools (determined by their standardized test results) in terms of their use of five PL features (personalized learning plan, competency-based student progress, criterion-referenced assessment, projector problem-based learning, and multi-year mentoring) and their use of technology for the four functions of planning, learning, assessment, and recordkeeping. Generally, teachers in high-performing schools implemented PL more thoroughly and utilized technology for more functions than those in low-performing schools. Teachers in high-performing schools more frequently considered career goals when creating personal learning plans, shared the project outcomes with the community, and assessed non-academic outcomes. They stayed longer with the same students and developed close relationships with more students. Also, they more frequently used technology for sharing resources and reported having a more powerful technology system than those in low-performing schools. This study informs educators, administrators, and researchers of which PL approaches and technology uses are more likely to result in better academic outcomes measured by standardized assessments.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Based on Bandura's work, the four sources of efficacy shaping were examined in regard to frequenc... more Based on Bandura's work, the four sources of efficacy shaping were examined in regard to frequency and students' perception of importance in a computer-mediated, project-based high school classroom. In a context of group work where there was no designated leader, groups' collective efficacy was examined if it has any relationship with individual's leadership traits. In addition, the relationship between the existence of group-identified leader and the groups' collective efficacy as well as the relationship between the collective efficacy and the groups' performance outcome were examined. The results from survey and interview showed that mastery experience was the most frequent and powerful source of efficacy shaping among the four sources. Moreover, the groups with identified leader showed higher collective efficacy than the groups without leaders, and the groups' collective efficacy level showed positive correlation with the groups' performance outcome.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Effort to determine teachers' effects on student has been continuously made with national data. H... more Effort to determine teachers' effects on student has been continuously made with national data. However, paucity of research has been conducted on how teachers' instructional strategies impact on student learning with national data, although instructional theories suggest a direct relationship between instructional strategies and learning outcomes. Therefore, the relationship between teachers' use of instructional strategies and learning outcomes should be examined with national data. This study investigates how much teacher's instructional strategies explain student learning in mathematics and what instructional strategies are positively related to student learning outcomes. Revised Bloom's taxonomy was used to define instructional strategies that support different levels of cognitive processes. The U.S. 8 th grade mathematics data from the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study was analyzed using multilevel modeling. As results, teachers' instructional strategies explained approximately 12% at the individual level and 17% at the teacher level of the learning outcome. Also, asking student to write equations and functions to represent relationships and to decide on their own procedures for solving complex problems were positively and significantly related to student learning outcomes.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Aslan and Reigeluth (2011) described a possible future period of educational computing as a "Pers... more Aslan and Reigeluth (2011) described a possible future period of educational computing as a "Personalized Computing Period" (p. 12). They described a potential educational technology system, PIES (Personalized Integrated Educational System), to support student learning in this period of educational computing, based on the major and secondary functions proposed by Reigeluth, Watson, Watson, Dutta, Chen, and Powell (2008) for the information-age paradigm of education. Major functions include record keeping for, planning for, instruction for, and assessment for/of student learning. Secondary functions include communication, general student data, school personnel information, and technology administration. In this qualitative research study, seven classroom teachers and one technology coordinator from three high schools were interviewed to reveal how they used their current technology systems with respect to the functions described by Reigeluth et al. (2008). The results revealed that there were discrepancies between the participants' current use of the systems and the ideal use for the information-age paradigm of education. Based on the results, recommendations are offered to teachers, policy makers and technology system designers for better meeting students' information-age educational needs.
Educational Technology Research and Development
This article examines the work by Hilton (Educ Technol Res Dev 64: 573-590.
[[abstract]]Past research on personalized learning can be summarized as identifying essential fea... more [[abstract]]Past research on personalized learning can be summarized as identifying essential features of learner-centered school practices based on several school models and suggesting how emerging technologies can support personalized learning. There is a lack of evidence regarding effects of personalized learning on student academic achievement. Also, a systematic investigation on how learner-centered schools practice personalized learning and how they use technology to support it is needed. This presentation will address the knowledge gaps.[[sponsorship]]AECT[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20131028~20131102[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]Anaheim, CA, US
Computers & Education
Sustainability
As a way to support teachers’ professional development activities and build communities of practi... more As a way to support teachers’ professional development activities and build communities of practice for teachers, education researchers and practitioners have put considerable effort into building an online learning community for K–12 teachers to create a venue to facilitate teachers’ joint knowledge construction. However, a substantial number of such online communities have failed due to lack of participation of members. Therefore, it is critical to understand how to design a sustainable community that fulfills members’ needs and elicits active participation of members. In this literature review, we adopted a sociological framework to investigate how to create a sustainable online community. This framework suggests that the sustainability of a community comes from individual members’ three types of commitments: instrumental, affective, and moral commitments. Such commitments are results of members’ cognitive, cathectic, and evaluative processes and lead to membership retainment, co...
Contemporary Educational Technology
Personalized learning (PL) has been internationally promoted as a future direction of educational... more Personalized learning (PL) has been internationally promoted as a future direction of educational reform efforts. While there is growing evidence of PL enhancing learning outcomes, teachers reported having difficulty envisioning PL in practice. This national survey study investigated how PL is practiced in K-12 learner-centered schools in the U.S. to inform educators of learner-centered teachers' PL practice and identify gaps between their practice and research. Five essential components were identified: PL plans, competency-based student progress, criterion-referenced assessment, projector problem-based learning, and multi-year mentoring. Based on the five components, we identified 308 learner-centered schools and received 272 teacher responses from 41 schools. The five components were implemented with different levels of implementation fidelity. We uncovered several areas in need of improvement. Career goals were not often considered when creating PL plans. A misalignment between student progress and assessment practice was found. There was a lack of community involvement during the PBL process. Teachers were not able to build a close relationship with all students. These findings from learner-centered schools revealed that paradigm change demands continuous effort to transform all aspects of the educational system. Suggestions are made for practice and future research.
Educational Technology Research and Development
This article examines practical implications of the work by Bennett et al. (Educational Technolog... more This article examines practical implications of the work by Bennett et al. (Educational Technology Research and Development 65(1):125-145, 2017) entitled, "The process of designing for learning: Understanding university teachers' design work". It addressed the knowledge gap of design practices of university faculty by conducting an extensive qualitative study with 30 interviewees. Three design practices reported that are incremental and iterative. Understanding these common design practices is critical to effectively and efficiently support faculty with transferring their instruction online when many institutions face the challenge of supporting a large number of inexperienced faculty with transferring instructions online. Based on the findings, three stages of support can be devised for before, during, and after sessions. Given the non-systematic cyclic design process of the teachers, need-based, just-in-time support and resources may be helpful. Although the reported process is not specifically for online learning design, the findings may contribute to establishing best practices for supporting faculty's online learning design.
Korean society for learning and performance, Jun 1, 2014
Journal of Education for Teaching, 2020
As heavy emphasis is placed on evidence-informed teaching to improve educational practice, develo... more As heavy emphasis is placed on evidence-informed teaching to improve educational practice, developing educators’ statistical literacy to facilitate data-driven decision-making becomes critical. However, there are few practical examples of how statistics can be taught to develop statistical literacy, especially in online courses. This article showcases an online statistics course designed for educators. To enhance conceptual understanding, instructional videos and embedded quizzes were utilised. To increase knowledge transfer, students were engaged in weekly discussions and data analysis exercises, in which statistical concepts were situated in professional and daily life contexts.
[[abstract]]This study aims at 1) identifying learner-centered schools in the U.S. and 2) examini... more [[abstract]]This study aims at 1) identifying learner-centered schools in the U.S. and 2) examining how teachers of those schools are using technology in some of the major subject areas including math, English language art, science and social studies. Online survey was administered to gather data and public academic achievement data was retrieved. Correlation analysis will be implemented to see the relation between the degree of technology use and the academic achievement.[[sponsorship]]AECT[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20131028~20131102[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]Anaheim, CA, US
Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2015
The learner-centered paradigm of instruction differs in such fundamental ways from the teacher-ce... more The learner-centered paradigm of instruction differs in such fundamental ways from the teacher-centered paradigm that it requires technology to serve very different functions. In 2006, a research team at Indiana University began to work on identifying those functions and published their results in 2008. Subsequently, the team elaborated and refined those functional specifications, which are described herein as the Personalized Integrated Educational System (PIES), a technology system that has not yet been developed to support learner-centered education. The four major functions are recordkeeping for student learning, planning for student learning, instruction for student learning, and assessment for and of student learning. Secondary functions include communication and collaboration, PIES administration, and improvement of PIES. Each of these functions is described in detail, followed by specifications for the system architecture, including interoperability, modularity, and customiz...
Educational Technology Research and Development
The Every Student Succeeds Act supports personalized learning (PL) to close achievement gaps of d... more The Every Student Succeeds Act supports personalized learning (PL) to close achievement gaps of diverse K-12 learners in the United States. Implementing PL into a classroom entails a paradigm change of the educational system. However, it is demanding to transform traditional practice into a personalized one under the pressure of the annual standardized testing while it is unclear which PL approaches are more likely to result in better academic outcomes than others. Using national survey data of ELA teachers in identified learner-centered schools, this study compared high and low-performing learner-centered schools (determined by their standardized test results) in terms of their use of five PL features (personalized learning plan, competency-based student progress, criterion-referenced assessment, projector problem-based learning, and multi-year mentoring) and their use of technology for the four functions of planning, learning, assessment, and recordkeeping. Generally, teachers in high-performing schools implemented PL more thoroughly and utilized technology for more functions than those in low-performing schools. Teachers in high-performing schools more frequently considered career goals when creating personal learning plans, shared the project outcomes with the community, and assessed non-academic outcomes. They stayed longer with the same students and developed close relationships with more students. Also, they more frequently used technology for sharing resources and reported having a more powerful technology system than those in low-performing schools. This study informs educators, administrators, and researchers of which PL approaches and technology uses are more likely to result in better academic outcomes measured by standardized assessments.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Based on Bandura's work, the four sources of efficacy shaping were examined in regard to frequenc... more Based on Bandura's work, the four sources of efficacy shaping were examined in regard to frequency and students' perception of importance in a computer-mediated, project-based high school classroom. In a context of group work where there was no designated leader, groups' collective efficacy was examined if it has any relationship with individual's leadership traits. In addition, the relationship between the existence of group-identified leader and the groups' collective efficacy as well as the relationship between the collective efficacy and the groups' performance outcome were examined. The results from survey and interview showed that mastery experience was the most frequent and powerful source of efficacy shaping among the four sources. Moreover, the groups with identified leader showed higher collective efficacy than the groups without leaders, and the groups' collective efficacy level showed positive correlation with the groups' performance outcome.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Effort to determine teachers' effects on student has been continuously made with national data. H... more Effort to determine teachers' effects on student has been continuously made with national data. However, paucity of research has been conducted on how teachers' instructional strategies impact on student learning with national data, although instructional theories suggest a direct relationship between instructional strategies and learning outcomes. Therefore, the relationship between teachers' use of instructional strategies and learning outcomes should be examined with national data. This study investigates how much teacher's instructional strategies explain student learning in mathematics and what instructional strategies are positively related to student learning outcomes. Revised Bloom's taxonomy was used to define instructional strategies that support different levels of cognitive processes. The U.S. 8 th grade mathematics data from the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study was analyzed using multilevel modeling. As results, teachers' instructional strategies explained approximately 12% at the individual level and 17% at the teacher level of the learning outcome. Also, asking student to write equations and functions to represent relationships and to decide on their own procedures for solving complex problems were positively and significantly related to student learning outcomes.
Contemporary Educational Technology
Aslan and Reigeluth (2011) described a possible future period of educational computing as a "Pers... more Aslan and Reigeluth (2011) described a possible future period of educational computing as a "Personalized Computing Period" (p. 12). They described a potential educational technology system, PIES (Personalized Integrated Educational System), to support student learning in this period of educational computing, based on the major and secondary functions proposed by Reigeluth, Watson, Watson, Dutta, Chen, and Powell (2008) for the information-age paradigm of education. Major functions include record keeping for, planning for, instruction for, and assessment for/of student learning. Secondary functions include communication, general student data, school personnel information, and technology administration. In this qualitative research study, seven classroom teachers and one technology coordinator from three high schools were interviewed to reveal how they used their current technology systems with respect to the functions described by Reigeluth et al. (2008). The results revealed that there were discrepancies between the participants' current use of the systems and the ideal use for the information-age paradigm of education. Based on the results, recommendations are offered to teachers, policy makers and technology system designers for better meeting students' information-age educational needs.