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Papers by Dai Grove-White

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2016

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2016

In Practice, 2000

THERE is little or no hard data regarding resuscitation procedures, and their various success rat... more THERE is little or no hard data regarding resuscitation procedures, and their various success rates, in calves. Consequently, the methodology used in cattle practice is based largely on human procedures and principles and their application. This article discusses the resuscitation of the newborn animal, which is based on the 'airway-breathing-circulation' approach. In addition, the veterinary obstetrician will frequently be presented with newborn animals that have established a respiratory rhythm, but are otherwise in a poor state, suggestive of hypoxia and severe acidosis. Such animals are likely to benefit from the administration of bicarbonate and supplementary oxygen via a nasal tube, if available.

Cockcroft/Bovine Medicine, 2015

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2015

PloS one, 2017

The scale of sexed semen use to avoid the birth of unwanted bull calves in the UK dairy industry ... more The scale of sexed semen use to avoid the birth of unwanted bull calves in the UK dairy industry depends on several economic factors. It has been suggested in other studies that calf gender may affect milk yield in Holsteins- something that would affect the economics of sexed semen use. The present study used a large milk recording data set to evaluate the effect of calf gender (both calf born and calf in utero) on both milk yield and saturated fat content. Linear regression was used to model data for first lactation and second lactation separately. Results showed that giving birth to a heifer calf conferred a 1% milk yield advantage in first lactation heifers, whilst giving birth to a bull calf conferred a 0.5% advantage in second lactation. Heifer calves were also associated with a 0.66kg reduction in saturated fatty acid content of milk in first lactation, but there was no significant difference between the genders in second lactation. No relationship was found between calf gende...

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2017

PloS one, 2017

Anatomically distinct adipose tissues represent variable risks to metabolic health in man and som... more Anatomically distinct adipose tissues represent variable risks to metabolic health in man and some other mammals. Quantitative-imaging of internal adipose depots is problematic in large animals and associations between regional adiposity and health are poorly understood. This study aimed to develop and test a semi-quantitative system (EQUIFAT) which could be applied to regional adipose tissues. Anatomically-defined, photographic images of adipose depots (omental, mesenteric, epicardial, rump) were collected from 38 animals immediately post-mortem. Images were ranked and depot-specific descriptors were developed (1 = no fat visible; 5 = excessive fat present). Nuchal-crest and ventro-abdominal-retroperitoneal adipose depot depths (cm) were transformed to categorical 5 point scores. The repeatability and reliability of EQUIFAT was independently tested by 24 observers. When half scores were permitted, inter-observer agreement was substantial (average κw: mesenteric, 0.79; omental, 0.79...

In Practice, 2007

ABSTRACT

In Practice, 2004

AS the UK dairy industry continues to change, the role of the veterinary surgeon on the modern da... more AS the UK dairy industry continues to change, the role of the veterinary surgeon on the modern dairy farm has evolved and is increasingly that of an adviser, encompassing all aspects of health, productivity and welfare. Together with other specialists, such as nutritionists, housing consultants and breeding companies, the practitioner's involvement spans all areas of farm management. Undoubtedly, veterinary intervention in key areas such as farm assurance, fertility, nutrition, and disease monitoring and prevention can have a significant impact on the productivity of a unit. This article reviews these areas, providing examples of where veterinary effort may best be directed. Future articles in In Practice will elaborate on specific elements of veterinary input into the dairy enterprise.

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 2015

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Veterinary Record, 2015

ABSTRACT Three hundred and thirteen pet and smallholder pig owners in England responded to an onl... more ABSTRACT Three hundred and thirteen pet and smallholder pig owners in England responded to an online questionnaire regarding husbandry and healthcare of their pigs. There was a lack of knowledge of the legislation regarding Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) registration, animal movements and feeding of domestic food waste. Only 83.8 per cent of respondents had registered their pigs with DEFRA, while 17.7 per cent were not familiar with the movement regulations, and 23.9 per cent were feeding their pigs with household scraps. Contact with veterinary surgeons may be positively associated with DEFRA registration, legal feeding practices and knowledge of vaccination. Furthermore, the veterinary surgeon was considered to be the primary source of husbandry and healthcare knowledge. This paper identifies the pet and smallholder pig population as a potential risk for the incursion and spread of infectious disease, while highlighting the need for improved owner education. British Veterinary Association.

The Veterinary record, Jan 10, 2015

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is an infectious foot disease of sheep causing severe ... more Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is an infectious foot disease of sheep causing severe lameness. Diagnosis is currently made using broad anecdotal descriptions. The aim of this study was to systematically and formally describe the clinical presentation of the disease in terms of (1) a lesion grading system; (2) associated radiographic changes and (3) severity of associated lameness. A five-point lesion grading system was developed and applied to 908 sheep affected by CODD from six farms. Sheep with lesions typical of each grade were euthanased and their feet radiographed. Radiographic abnormalities including soft tissue and bony changes were evident in feet with lesions graded 2-5. In order to quantify the welfare impact of CODD, all the 908 sheep were locomotion scored. Five hundred and eighty-five (64.5% (95% CI 61.4% to 67.6%)) were lame. The locomotion score for affected sheep increased with worsening pathological changes. Once healing had begun the locomotion score de...

The Veterinary record, Jan 10, 2015

The object of the study was to quantify the prevalence of failure of passive transfer in UK dairy... more The object of the study was to quantify the prevalence of failure of passive transfer in UK dairy farms and to identify variables that had a significant impact on the rate of immunological transfer. In a six-month study of 444 calvings from seven UK dairy farms, 26 per cent of calves failed to receive adequate immunoglobulin transfer as judged by a plasma total protein (pTP) concentration less than 5.6 g/dl. Colostrum immunoglobulin concentration, indirectly measured using Brix refractometry, showed wide variations with samples ranging from 10.3 to 34.7 Brix units. Thirty-seven per cent of samples were below the suggested cut-off Brix score for colostrum quality of 22 per cent. Potential associations between covariates and plasma protein concentration were investigated using multiple linear regression models. The covariate with the greatest impact on the pTP concentration was the farm on which the calf was born (P<0.05). A significant but small association was demonstrated betwee...

The Veterinary record, Jan 27, 2015

A four-point locomotion scoring tool for sheep was developed and tested on 10 general practice ve... more A four-point locomotion scoring tool for sheep was developed and tested on 10 general practice veterinary surgeons (VS) and 10 sheep farmers. Thirty-four video clips of sheep displaying different locomotion scores were recorded and randomly assorted. Following a set period of training using four other video clips typical of the four locomotion scores, participants then scored the 34 test clips. The participants repeated the training and the exercise one month later. There were high levels of intraobserver repeatability: weighted κ (κW) 0.81 for VS and 0.83 for farmers. There was no difference in intraobserver repeatability between vets and farmers (Wilcoxon signed rank P=0.8). When considering the overall distribution of scores within the video package, there were high levels of interobserver repeatability: mean κW 0.73 for VS and 0.72 for farmers. However, the repeatability for the individual locomotion scores was only fair to moderate. It is therefore recommended that when observa...

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2016

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2016

In Practice, 2000

THERE is little or no hard data regarding resuscitation procedures, and their various success rat... more THERE is little or no hard data regarding resuscitation procedures, and their various success rates, in calves. Consequently, the methodology used in cattle practice is based largely on human procedures and principles and their application. This article discusses the resuscitation of the newborn animal, which is based on the 'airway-breathing-circulation' approach. In addition, the veterinary obstetrician will frequently be presented with newborn animals that have established a respiratory rhythm, but are otherwise in a poor state, suggestive of hypoxia and severe acidosis. Such animals are likely to benefit from the administration of bicarbonate and supplementary oxygen via a nasal tube, if available.

Cockcroft/Bovine Medicine, 2015

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2015

PloS one, 2017

The scale of sexed semen use to avoid the birth of unwanted bull calves in the UK dairy industry ... more The scale of sexed semen use to avoid the birth of unwanted bull calves in the UK dairy industry depends on several economic factors. It has been suggested in other studies that calf gender may affect milk yield in Holsteins- something that would affect the economics of sexed semen use. The present study used a large milk recording data set to evaluate the effect of calf gender (both calf born and calf in utero) on both milk yield and saturated fat content. Linear regression was used to model data for first lactation and second lactation separately. Results showed that giving birth to a heifer calf conferred a 1% milk yield advantage in first lactation heifers, whilst giving birth to a bull calf conferred a 0.5% advantage in second lactation. Heifer calves were also associated with a 0.66kg reduction in saturated fatty acid content of milk in first lactation, but there was no significant difference between the genders in second lactation. No relationship was found between calf gende...

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2017

PloS one, 2017

Anatomically distinct adipose tissues represent variable risks to metabolic health in man and som... more Anatomically distinct adipose tissues represent variable risks to metabolic health in man and some other mammals. Quantitative-imaging of internal adipose depots is problematic in large animals and associations between regional adiposity and health are poorly understood. This study aimed to develop and test a semi-quantitative system (EQUIFAT) which could be applied to regional adipose tissues. Anatomically-defined, photographic images of adipose depots (omental, mesenteric, epicardial, rump) were collected from 38 animals immediately post-mortem. Images were ranked and depot-specific descriptors were developed (1 = no fat visible; 5 = excessive fat present). Nuchal-crest and ventro-abdominal-retroperitoneal adipose depot depths (cm) were transformed to categorical 5 point scores. The repeatability and reliability of EQUIFAT was independently tested by 24 observers. When half scores were permitted, inter-observer agreement was substantial (average κw: mesenteric, 0.79; omental, 0.79...

In Practice, 2007

ABSTRACT

In Practice, 2004

AS the UK dairy industry continues to change, the role of the veterinary surgeon on the modern da... more AS the UK dairy industry continues to change, the role of the veterinary surgeon on the modern dairy farm has evolved and is increasingly that of an adviser, encompassing all aspects of health, productivity and welfare. Together with other specialists, such as nutritionists, housing consultants and breeding companies, the practitioner's involvement spans all areas of farm management. Undoubtedly, veterinary intervention in key areas such as farm assurance, fertility, nutrition, and disease monitoring and prevention can have a significant impact on the productivity of a unit. This article reviews these areas, providing examples of where veterinary effort may best be directed. Future articles in In Practice will elaborate on specific elements of veterinary input into the dairy enterprise.

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 2015

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Veterinary Record, 2015

ABSTRACT Three hundred and thirteen pet and smallholder pig owners in England responded to an onl... more ABSTRACT Three hundred and thirteen pet and smallholder pig owners in England responded to an online questionnaire regarding husbandry and healthcare of their pigs. There was a lack of knowledge of the legislation regarding Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) registration, animal movements and feeding of domestic food waste. Only 83.8 per cent of respondents had registered their pigs with DEFRA, while 17.7 per cent were not familiar with the movement regulations, and 23.9 per cent were feeding their pigs with household scraps. Contact with veterinary surgeons may be positively associated with DEFRA registration, legal feeding practices and knowledge of vaccination. Furthermore, the veterinary surgeon was considered to be the primary source of husbandry and healthcare knowledge. This paper identifies the pet and smallholder pig population as a potential risk for the incursion and spread of infectious disease, while highlighting the need for improved owner education. British Veterinary Association.

The Veterinary record, Jan 10, 2015

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is an infectious foot disease of sheep causing severe ... more Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is an infectious foot disease of sheep causing severe lameness. Diagnosis is currently made using broad anecdotal descriptions. The aim of this study was to systematically and formally describe the clinical presentation of the disease in terms of (1) a lesion grading system; (2) associated radiographic changes and (3) severity of associated lameness. A five-point lesion grading system was developed and applied to 908 sheep affected by CODD from six farms. Sheep with lesions typical of each grade were euthanased and their feet radiographed. Radiographic abnormalities including soft tissue and bony changes were evident in feet with lesions graded 2-5. In order to quantify the welfare impact of CODD, all the 908 sheep were locomotion scored. Five hundred and eighty-five (64.5% (95% CI 61.4% to 67.6%)) were lame. The locomotion score for affected sheep increased with worsening pathological changes. Once healing had begun the locomotion score de...

The Veterinary record, Jan 10, 2015

The object of the study was to quantify the prevalence of failure of passive transfer in UK dairy... more The object of the study was to quantify the prevalence of failure of passive transfer in UK dairy farms and to identify variables that had a significant impact on the rate of immunological transfer. In a six-month study of 444 calvings from seven UK dairy farms, 26 per cent of calves failed to receive adequate immunoglobulin transfer as judged by a plasma total protein (pTP) concentration less than 5.6 g/dl. Colostrum immunoglobulin concentration, indirectly measured using Brix refractometry, showed wide variations with samples ranging from 10.3 to 34.7 Brix units. Thirty-seven per cent of samples were below the suggested cut-off Brix score for colostrum quality of 22 per cent. Potential associations between covariates and plasma protein concentration were investigated using multiple linear regression models. The covariate with the greatest impact on the pTP concentration was the farm on which the calf was born (P<0.05). A significant but small association was demonstrated betwee...

The Veterinary record, Jan 27, 2015

A four-point locomotion scoring tool for sheep was developed and tested on 10 general practice ve... more A four-point locomotion scoring tool for sheep was developed and tested on 10 general practice veterinary surgeons (VS) and 10 sheep farmers. Thirty-four video clips of sheep displaying different locomotion scores were recorded and randomly assorted. Following a set period of training using four other video clips typical of the four locomotion scores, participants then scored the 34 test clips. The participants repeated the training and the exercise one month later. There were high levels of intraobserver repeatability: weighted κ (κW) 0.81 for VS and 0.83 for farmers. There was no difference in intraobserver repeatability between vets and farmers (Wilcoxon signed rank P=0.8). When considering the overall distribution of scores within the video package, there were high levels of interobserver repeatability: mean κW 0.73 for VS and 0.72 for farmers. However, the repeatability for the individual locomotion scores was only fair to moderate. It is therefore recommended that when observa...