Elisabetta Damiani - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by Elisabetta Damiani

Research paper thumbnail of On the assessment of photostability of sunscreens exposed to UVA irradiation: From glass plates to pig/human skin, which is best?

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2012

Photostability of suncare products is a great area of interest since several sunscreens on the ma... more Photostability of suncare products is a great area of interest since several sunscreens on the market are photounstable, and this is primarily a problem concerning the UVA region (320-400 nm). Here we report a comparative study on the photostability assessment of two commercial sunscreens with same SPF, spread onto glass plates or onto full thickness pig ear skin or human/pig SCE membranes, and exposed to 183 kJ/m(2) UVA. Absorbance spectra and lipid peroxidation (measured by TBARS production) were determined. The results indicate: (a) sunscreen performance consequent to UVA exposure is independent of whether it is spread onto a non-biological and chemically inert substrate such as glass, or on biological substrates such as skin/SCE membranes; (b) despite the same SPF, sunscreen performance and photostability can be very different; (c) the data on human SCE membranes are similar to those on pig SCE membranes, indicating the suitability of the latter as a model for human skin. However, since the results obtained using skin membranes, akin to the more realistic conditions of use in vivo, do not substantially differ from those obtained on glass plates, the method proposed here using the latter may be applied for rapid, inexpensive, efficacy screening of photostability of sunscreens. Photostability testing should be a mandatory requirement for safer sunscreen protection products, since the results clearly show that some are still far from perfect.

Research paper thumbnail of A comparative study on the possible cytotoxic effects of different nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) compositions in human dermal fibroblasts

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2015

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are widely used for topical delivery of active ingredients in... more Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are widely used for topical delivery of active ingredients into the skin for both local and systemic treatment. But concerns have been raised regarding their potential nanotoxicity. To understand the role of NLC composition in terms of cytotoxicity and pro-oxidant effects, we investigated cell viability and intracellular levels of ROS (reactive oxygen species) production in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) incubated with five NLC formulations differing in their solid lipid composition. HDF and NLC were also exposed to UVA irradiation in order to evaluate the behavior of NLC under realistic environmental conditions which might promote their instability. Using the Guava via-count assay, all nanoparticles, except for those formulated with Compritol 888 ATO, showed a significant decrease in live cells and a parallel increase in apoptotic or dead cells compared to the control, either before and/or after UVA irradiation (18J/cm(2)). NLC formulated with Geleol™ Mono Diglycerides resulted the most cytotoxic. A similar trend was also observed when intracellular ROS levels were measured in HDF incubated with NLC: there was increased ROS content compared to the control, further exacerbated following UVA. NLC formulated with Dynasan 118 were particularly susceptible to UVA exposure. The results indicate which could be the most suitable candidates for formulating NLC that are biocompatible and non-cytotoxic even when exposed to UVA and hence help direct future choices during the formulation strategies of these delivery systems. Of those tested, Compritol 888 ATO appears to be the best choice.

Research paper thumbnail of Platelet-activating factor induces cell cycle arrest and disrupts the DNA damage response in mast cells

Cell Death and Disease, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Nitrenium ions. Part 1. Acid-catalysed reactions of 2-methylindole with nitrosobenzenes. Crystal structures of 2-phenylamino-3-phenylimino-3H-indole, 2-(o-tolylamino)-3-(o-tolylimino)-3H-indole, N-phenyl-N-(2-phenylamino-3H-indol-3-ylidene)amine N-oxide and bis(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methane

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1994

... Liberato Cardellini,a Patricia Carloni,a Elisabetta Damiani,a Lucedio Greci,*Sa Pierluigi Sti... more ... Liberato Cardellini,a Patricia Carloni,a Elisabetta Damiani,a Lucedio Greci,*Sa Pierluigi Stipa,a Corrado Rizzoli and Paolo Sgarabotto *sb a ... compound 5' (Scheme I). This result was interpreted through the formation of the intermediate 2-phenyl-3-aryli-mino-3H-indoles 4 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of magnesium ion distinguishing between one-step hydrogen- and electron-transfer mechanisms for the reduction of stable neutral radicals by NADH analogues

Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1993

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-one with Various Halogenating Reagents

Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1998

... Acta Chemica Scandinavica ¡998 ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA ISSN 0904-213X Reactions of 1,2-Dihy... more ... Acta Chemica Scandinavica ¡998 ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA ISSN 0904-213X Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-one with Various Halogenating Reagents Patricia Carloni, Elisabetta ... Chem. Soc 85 (1963) 3139: Walling, С and Rieger, AL / Am. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Reaction of indolinonic aminoxyls with nitric oxide

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 2001

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Allergy to pomegranate and artichoke, novel food allergens of the Mediterranean diet

Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) follows the dynamics of ROO. to RO. and C-centered radicals in microsomal membranes

Biochemical Society transactions, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Electrochemical Study on the Interactions of Aminoxyls with Superoxide Anion

Research paper thumbnail of Reactivity of 2,2-diphenyl-1,2-dihydro-4-ethoxyquinolin-1-yloxyl towards oxygen- and carbon-centred radicals

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Lack of in vitro protection by a common sunscreen ingredient on UVA-induced cytotoxicity in keratinocytes

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical and electrochemical reduction of 2H-indole-3,5-dione and -dione 3-imine N-oxides

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1993

Five of the title N-oxides 1 when reduced either chemically (phenylhydrazine, hydrazobenzene) or ... more Five of the title N-oxides 1 when reduced either chemically (phenylhydrazine, hydrazobenzene) or electrochemically (DMF–TEAP–protonating agent) were found to afford the corresponding, 5-hydroxyindoles 6. The reduction process takes place in two steps ...

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical and electrochemical study on the interactions of aminoxyls with superoxide anion

Research paper thumbnail of A study on the interactions between coenzyme Q 0 and superoxide anion. Could ubiquinones mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD)?

Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of On the use of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Reactions with carbon and oxygen centered radicals in model and natural systems

Research on Chemical Intermediates, 1993

1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent molecule which possesses a highly specific reac... more 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent molecule which possesses a highly specific reactivity towards singlet oxygen (1O2) forming an endoperoxide which decomposes to give 1,2-dibenzoylbenzene. This reaction between DPBF and 1O2 can be followed by measuring the decrease in fluorescence intensity of DPBF. In order to check the specificity of DPBF toward free radicals a series of experiments was carried out

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and thermal stability of alkoxyamines

Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Prevention of UVA-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts by New UV Filters, Assessed Using a Novel In Vitro Experimental System

Research paper thumbnail of Thymoquinone, a potential therapeutic agent of Nigella sativa, binds to site I of human serum albumin

Research paper thumbnail of Nitroxide radicals protect against DNA damage in rat epithelial cells induced by nitric oxide, nitroxyl anion and peroxynitrite

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 2003

In order to gain more knowledge on the antioxidant role of nitroxide radicals, in this study we i... more In order to gain more knowledge on the antioxidant role of nitroxide radicals, in this study we investigate their possible protective action against DNA damage induced by nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen oxide species deriving from it, namely nitroxyl anion (NO(-)) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Rat trachea epithelial cells were exposed under aerobic conditions to (1) NO generated by 150 microM S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester (GSNO-MEE), (2) NO(-) generated by 200 microM Angeli's salt (Na(2)N(2)O(3)) (3) ONOO(-) generated by 1mM SIN-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine) and (4) 100 microM synthesized ONOO(-), in the absence and presence of 5 microM of two indolinonic nitroxides synthesized by us and the piperidine nitroxide TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl). DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay-a rapid and sensitive, single-cell gel electrophoresis technique used to detect primary DNA damage in individual cells. The parameter tail moment, used as an index of DNA damage, showed that in all cases the nitroxides remarkably inhibited DNA strand breaks induced by the different nitrogen oxide species. All three nitroxides protect to the same extent, except in the case of synthesized peroxynitrite where the aromatic nitroxides 1 and 2 are more efficient than TEMPO. These findings are consistent with the antioxidant character of nitroxide compounds and give additional information on the potential implications for their use as therapeutic agents.

Research paper thumbnail of On the assessment of photostability of sunscreens exposed to UVA irradiation: From glass plates to pig/human skin, which is best?

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2012

Photostability of suncare products is a great area of interest since several sunscreens on the ma... more Photostability of suncare products is a great area of interest since several sunscreens on the market are photounstable, and this is primarily a problem concerning the UVA region (320-400 nm). Here we report a comparative study on the photostability assessment of two commercial sunscreens with same SPF, spread onto glass plates or onto full thickness pig ear skin or human/pig SCE membranes, and exposed to 183 kJ/m(2) UVA. Absorbance spectra and lipid peroxidation (measured by TBARS production) were determined. The results indicate: (a) sunscreen performance consequent to UVA exposure is independent of whether it is spread onto a non-biological and chemically inert substrate such as glass, or on biological substrates such as skin/SCE membranes; (b) despite the same SPF, sunscreen performance and photostability can be very different; (c) the data on human SCE membranes are similar to those on pig SCE membranes, indicating the suitability of the latter as a model for human skin. However, since the results obtained using skin membranes, akin to the more realistic conditions of use in vivo, do not substantially differ from those obtained on glass plates, the method proposed here using the latter may be applied for rapid, inexpensive, efficacy screening of photostability of sunscreens. Photostability testing should be a mandatory requirement for safer sunscreen protection products, since the results clearly show that some are still far from perfect.

Research paper thumbnail of A comparative study on the possible cytotoxic effects of different nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) compositions in human dermal fibroblasts

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2015

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are widely used for topical delivery of active ingredients in... more Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are widely used for topical delivery of active ingredients into the skin for both local and systemic treatment. But concerns have been raised regarding their potential nanotoxicity. To understand the role of NLC composition in terms of cytotoxicity and pro-oxidant effects, we investigated cell viability and intracellular levels of ROS (reactive oxygen species) production in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) incubated with five NLC formulations differing in their solid lipid composition. HDF and NLC were also exposed to UVA irradiation in order to evaluate the behavior of NLC under realistic environmental conditions which might promote their instability. Using the Guava via-count assay, all nanoparticles, except for those formulated with Compritol 888 ATO, showed a significant decrease in live cells and a parallel increase in apoptotic or dead cells compared to the control, either before and/or after UVA irradiation (18J/cm(2)). NLC formulated with Geleol™ Mono Diglycerides resulted the most cytotoxic. A similar trend was also observed when intracellular ROS levels were measured in HDF incubated with NLC: there was increased ROS content compared to the control, further exacerbated following UVA. NLC formulated with Dynasan 118 were particularly susceptible to UVA exposure. The results indicate which could be the most suitable candidates for formulating NLC that are biocompatible and non-cytotoxic even when exposed to UVA and hence help direct future choices during the formulation strategies of these delivery systems. Of those tested, Compritol 888 ATO appears to be the best choice.

Research paper thumbnail of Platelet-activating factor induces cell cycle arrest and disrupts the DNA damage response in mast cells

Cell Death and Disease, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Nitrenium ions. Part 1. Acid-catalysed reactions of 2-methylindole with nitrosobenzenes. Crystal structures of 2-phenylamino-3-phenylimino-3H-indole, 2-(o-tolylamino)-3-(o-tolylimino)-3H-indole, N-phenyl-N-(2-phenylamino-3H-indol-3-ylidene)amine N-oxide and bis(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methane

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1994

... Liberato Cardellini,a Patricia Carloni,a Elisabetta Damiani,a Lucedio Greci,*Sa Pierluigi Sti... more ... Liberato Cardellini,a Patricia Carloni,a Elisabetta Damiani,a Lucedio Greci,*Sa Pierluigi Stipa,a Corrado Rizzoli and Paolo Sgarabotto *sb a ... compound 5' (Scheme I). This result was interpreted through the formation of the intermediate 2-phenyl-3-aryli-mino-3H-indoles 4 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of magnesium ion distinguishing between one-step hydrogen- and electron-transfer mechanisms for the reduction of stable neutral radicals by NADH analogues

Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1993

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-one with Various Halogenating Reagents

Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1998

... Acta Chemica Scandinavica ¡998 ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA ISSN 0904-213X Reactions of 1,2-Dihy... more ... Acta Chemica Scandinavica ¡998 ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA ISSN 0904-213X Reactions of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-one with Various Halogenating Reagents Patricia Carloni, Elisabetta ... Chem. Soc 85 (1963) 3139: Walling, С and Rieger, AL / Am. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Reaction of indolinonic aminoxyls with nitric oxide

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 2001

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Allergy to pomegranate and artichoke, novel food allergens of the Mediterranean diet

Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) follows the dynamics of ROO. to RO. and C-centered radicals in microsomal membranes

Biochemical Society transactions, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Electrochemical Study on the Interactions of Aminoxyls with Superoxide Anion

Research paper thumbnail of Reactivity of 2,2-diphenyl-1,2-dihydro-4-ethoxyquinolin-1-yloxyl towards oxygen- and carbon-centred radicals

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Lack of in vitro protection by a common sunscreen ingredient on UVA-induced cytotoxicity in keratinocytes

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical and electrochemical reduction of 2H-indole-3,5-dione and -dione 3-imine N-oxides

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1993

Five of the title N-oxides 1 when reduced either chemically (phenylhydrazine, hydrazobenzene) or ... more Five of the title N-oxides 1 when reduced either chemically (phenylhydrazine, hydrazobenzene) or electrochemically (DMF–TEAP–protonating agent) were found to afford the corresponding, 5-hydroxyindoles 6. The reduction process takes place in two steps ...

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical and electrochemical study on the interactions of aminoxyls with superoxide anion

Research paper thumbnail of A study on the interactions between coenzyme Q 0 and superoxide anion. Could ubiquinones mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD)?

Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of On the use of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Reactions with carbon and oxygen centered radicals in model and natural systems

Research on Chemical Intermediates, 1993

1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent molecule which possesses a highly specific reac... more 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent molecule which possesses a highly specific reactivity towards singlet oxygen (1O2) forming an endoperoxide which decomposes to give 1,2-dibenzoylbenzene. This reaction between DPBF and 1O2 can be followed by measuring the decrease in fluorescence intensity of DPBF. In order to check the specificity of DPBF toward free radicals a series of experiments was carried out

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and thermal stability of alkoxyamines

Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Prevention of UVA-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts by New UV Filters, Assessed Using a Novel In Vitro Experimental System

Research paper thumbnail of Thymoquinone, a potential therapeutic agent of Nigella sativa, binds to site I of human serum albumin

Research paper thumbnail of Nitroxide radicals protect against DNA damage in rat epithelial cells induced by nitric oxide, nitroxyl anion and peroxynitrite

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 2003

In order to gain more knowledge on the antioxidant role of nitroxide radicals, in this study we i... more In order to gain more knowledge on the antioxidant role of nitroxide radicals, in this study we investigate their possible protective action against DNA damage induced by nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen oxide species deriving from it, namely nitroxyl anion (NO(-)) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Rat trachea epithelial cells were exposed under aerobic conditions to (1) NO generated by 150 microM S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester (GSNO-MEE), (2) NO(-) generated by 200 microM Angeli's salt (Na(2)N(2)O(3)) (3) ONOO(-) generated by 1mM SIN-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine) and (4) 100 microM synthesized ONOO(-), in the absence and presence of 5 microM of two indolinonic nitroxides synthesized by us and the piperidine nitroxide TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl). DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay-a rapid and sensitive, single-cell gel electrophoresis technique used to detect primary DNA damage in individual cells. The parameter tail moment, used as an index of DNA damage, showed that in all cases the nitroxides remarkably inhibited DNA strand breaks induced by the different nitrogen oxide species. All three nitroxides protect to the same extent, except in the case of synthesized peroxynitrite where the aromatic nitroxides 1 and 2 are more efficient than TEMPO. These findings are consistent with the antioxidant character of nitroxide compounds and give additional information on the potential implications for their use as therapeutic agents.