Daniel Cress - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Daniel Cress

Research paper thumbnail of Object detection by stepwise analysis of spectral, spatial, and topographic features

Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 1990

Research paper thumbnail of An electromagnetic induction method for underground target detection and characterization

Research paper thumbnail of Approved For Public Release; Distribution Is Unlimited

92 n1 n'n Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not raturn it to the originator. The... more 92 n1 n'n Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not raturn it to the originator. The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other a(:thorized documents. The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OM No. 0704-0188 Pubic reoring burden for this colleton of nfo;raton 5 estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing nstructions, searchng etting data sources. ghtherng anda mantanng the data needed. and o d re Iemg the collection of nformation Send comments regarding this brden estmate or anyot.er asetf this

Research paper thumbnail of Terrain Considerations and Data Base Development for the Design and Testing of Devices to Detect Intruder-Induced Ground Motion

: This study attempted to develop a readily accessible body of information that defines the range... more : This study attempted to develop a readily accessible body of information that defines the ranges of intruder signal characteristics within which seismic sensors for intruder detection, classification, and location must operate. The principal product of the study was a data base of seismic signatures (recorded on magnetic tape) that contains representation of the range of target types, travel modes, terrains, and background noise sources that can realistically be expected to occur for base and installation environments and in operational scenarios. Both an experimental and a theoretical approach were taken. The first approach consisted of collecting and analyzing the signatures of intruders and background noise sources in a wide range of terrain conditions (as determined from bulk properties describing the compression and shear strength of the media, moisture, density, etc.). The theoretical approach consisted of applying mathematical models of the seismic signature generation and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Remote Sensing to Environmental Management at Military Facilities

: The systematic application of remote sensing techniques at Fort Carson has provided critical in... more : The systematic application of remote sensing techniques at Fort Carson has provided critical information for the environmental management of vehicle-maneuver training areas. The remote sensing simulation model provided a quantitative means for selecting the best film-filter combination for the job. Only one type of information was extracted from remotely sensed data for the purposes of this example; the techniques and systematic procedures followed herein could easily be applied to more complex studies requiring other types of information. It must be emphasized that the application of remote sensing to a specific problem must be closely allied with the specific data requirements necessary for the solution of the problem. Accuracy, scale, and threshold values considered critical for detection must be identified prior to the conduct of the remote sensing mission to allow adequate planning of the data acquisiton program, both on the ground and with remote sensor systems. (Author)

Research paper thumbnail of Passive Acoustic Range Estimation of Helicopters

: A passive acoustic method is presented that determines the velocity of a moving helicopter and ... more : A passive acoustic method is presented that determines the velocity of a moving helicopter and its range at the closest point of approach. This method requires only the use of a single microphone if the fundamental blade rotation frequency of the helicopter is known, or two spatially separated microphones if it is not. The blade rotation frequency is generally adequately known after the helicopter is correctly classified using acoustic signature characteristics other than those discussed herein. The range estimate is considered valid for ranges of a few hundred meters with the attendant assumptions that: (1) the helicopter is traveling in a straight line, (2) the helicopter is moving at a constant velocity, and (3) the main rotor of the helicopter has a stable revolution rate typical of present operational helicopters. The technique was successfully tested on an example helicopter.

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic-to-Seismic Coupling; Properties and Applications to Seismic Sensors

: Acoustic-to-seismic coupling is investigated using measurements of acoustic and seismic signals... more : Acoustic-to-seismic coupling is investigated using measurements of acoustic and seismic signals generated from acoustic sources. Source types used for the measurements were: pure tones, band limited pink and white noise, and broad band noise from an acoustic impulse (gun shot). The measurements showed that the frequency dependence of acoutic-to-seismic coupling was independent of source type. However, the efficiency of coupling favored certain frequency bands for a fixed source height. Dependence of the coupling on source height was also investigated. Measurements showed that the favored frequency bands were lowered as the source height was increased for frequencies below 250 Hz. Two techniques were evaluated for separating the acoustic-to-seismic coupled signature from the measured seismic signature in order to support development of methods for suppressing acoustic-to-seismic coupled background noise. Alternatively, such separation could help improve target classification. The t...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Remote Sensing to Environmental Monitoring: A Case Study of the 1996 Saguenay Flood in Québec

Research paper thumbnail of The use of Remote Sensing Devices for Acquiring Data for Environmental Management Purposes. Report 2. Application of Photographic Remote Sensors to an Environmental Management Problem

Abstract : This report demonstrates the application of a procedure developed for the systematic a... more Abstract : This report demonstrates the application of a procedure developed for the systematic application of photographic remote sensor systems to specific environmental data acquisition problems. Of particular importance to this procedure is a quantitative approach to predicting a proper mission profile (i.e. film-filter combinations, scale, etc.) as a function of properties of the features of interest and the surrounding environment. The application of the procedure to an environmental management problem at a military facility within CONUS, Fort Carson, Colorado, is discussed. The primary emphasis of the work is on the acquisition of data relevant to measurement of the effects of maneuvering vehicles on the environment in two training areas (80 km2) on the post. The parameter selected for measurement is the length of vehicle paths per unit area, referred to as vehicular usage. An obvious application of the map is to support scheduling of training in areas of lowest vehicular usage and to identify areas subject to severe environmental damage.

Research paper thumbnail of Fusion of LADAR with SAR for precision strike

Dhbution authori%-lo U.S. Government agencies and their conmctors. Critical Technology. March 199... more Dhbution authori%-lo U.S. Government agencies and their conmctors. Critical Technology. March 1995. Other nqucsls shall bc referred to Sandia National Laboratories. Ann: Daniel H. Crcss. MS 0860. P. 0. BOX 5800. Albuquerque. Nh4 87185-0860.

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic-to-seismic coupling properties and applications to seismic sensors

Research paper thumbnail of Polarization-Based Imagery of Terrain in the Optical Region

Research paper thumbnail of Passive Acoustic Range Estimation of Helicopters

Research paper thumbnail of Detection Of Objects In High Resolution Multispectral Aerial Images

Applications of Artificial Intelligence II, 1985

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Fusion of ladar and SAR for terminal guidance

SPIE Proceedings, 1993

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Coupling of airborne sound into the earth: Frequency dependence

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1980

Simultaneous measurements have been made of sound pressure above the ground and seismic velocity ... more Simultaneous measurements have been made of sound pressure above the ground and seismic velocity below the ground surface resulting from a source suspended in the air a variable distance from the surface. The ratio of seismic velocity to acoustic sound pressure has been determined; there are peaks in the ratio in the vicinity of 45 and 90 Hz depending on the height of the speaker. The source–receiver distance was 10, 30, and 60 m; the source height was varied between 1 and 10 m. The frequency of maximum acoustic coupling was found to agree well with theory; the first and third shear modes appear to be excited. Results for vertical, horizontal, and radial motion indicate the coupled seismic signal is greatest for vertical, next greatest for radial, and least for transverse, though the difference between radial and vertical displacement velocities was not great and depended on the speaker altitude.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of the Electromagnetic Gradiometer Concept for Detection of Underground Structures—Theory and Application

Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 1997

An improved capability for subsurface structure detection is needed to support military and non‐p... more An improved capability for subsurface structure detection is needed to support military and non‐proliferation requirements for inspection and for surveillance of activities of threatening nations. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy program to apply geophysical methods to detect and characterize underground facilities, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) initiated an electromagnetic induction (EMI) project to evaluate low frequency electromagnetic (EM) techniques for subsurface structure detection. Low frequency, in this case, extends from kilohertz to hundreds of kilohertz. An EM gradiometer survey procedure had already been utilized for borehole imaging of coal seams and had successfully been applied in a surface mode to detect a drug smuggling tunnel. The SNL project has focused on building upon the success of that procedure and applying it to surface and low altitude airborne platforms. Part of SNL's work with Raton Technology Research has focused on improving that technology through improved hard...

Research paper thumbnail of The interaction of inversion with other vibrations in ammonia

The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1977

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Vibrational analysis of molecules undergoing large amplitude internal motions

... LARGE AI4PLITUDE INTERNAL MOTIONS by DANIEL HUGG CRESS, BS, MS A DISSERTATION IN PHYSICS ... ... more ... LARGE AI4PLITUDE INTERNAL MOTIONS by DANIEL HUGG CRESS, BS, MS A DISSERTATION IN PHYSICS ... is subject to several compromises when determining the best coordi-nate system for a particular molecule. On the one hand, the inter-...

Research paper thumbnail of Terrain considerations and data base development for the design and testing of devices to detect intruder-induced ground motion

... 5 Page 9. TERRAIN CONSIDERATIONS AND DATA BASE DEVELOP MENT FOR THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF DEV... more ... 5 Page 9. TERRAIN CONSIDERATIONS AND DATA BASE DEVELOP MENT FOR THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF DEVICES TO ... velopment of integrated security systems has undertaken the task of de-veloping new sensors and improving the deployment and operation of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Object detection by stepwise analysis of spectral, spatial, and topographic features

Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 1990

Research paper thumbnail of An electromagnetic induction method for underground target detection and characterization

Research paper thumbnail of Approved For Public Release; Distribution Is Unlimited

92 n1 n'n Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not raturn it to the originator. The... more 92 n1 n'n Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not raturn it to the originator. The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other a(:thorized documents. The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OM No. 0704-0188 Pubic reoring burden for this colleton of nfo;raton 5 estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing nstructions, searchng etting data sources. ghtherng anda mantanng the data needed. and o d re Iemg the collection of nformation Send comments regarding this brden estmate or anyot.er asetf this

Research paper thumbnail of Terrain Considerations and Data Base Development for the Design and Testing of Devices to Detect Intruder-Induced Ground Motion

: This study attempted to develop a readily accessible body of information that defines the range... more : This study attempted to develop a readily accessible body of information that defines the ranges of intruder signal characteristics within which seismic sensors for intruder detection, classification, and location must operate. The principal product of the study was a data base of seismic signatures (recorded on magnetic tape) that contains representation of the range of target types, travel modes, terrains, and background noise sources that can realistically be expected to occur for base and installation environments and in operational scenarios. Both an experimental and a theoretical approach were taken. The first approach consisted of collecting and analyzing the signatures of intruders and background noise sources in a wide range of terrain conditions (as determined from bulk properties describing the compression and shear strength of the media, moisture, density, etc.). The theoretical approach consisted of applying mathematical models of the seismic signature generation and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Remote Sensing to Environmental Management at Military Facilities

: The systematic application of remote sensing techniques at Fort Carson has provided critical in... more : The systematic application of remote sensing techniques at Fort Carson has provided critical information for the environmental management of vehicle-maneuver training areas. The remote sensing simulation model provided a quantitative means for selecting the best film-filter combination for the job. Only one type of information was extracted from remotely sensed data for the purposes of this example; the techniques and systematic procedures followed herein could easily be applied to more complex studies requiring other types of information. It must be emphasized that the application of remote sensing to a specific problem must be closely allied with the specific data requirements necessary for the solution of the problem. Accuracy, scale, and threshold values considered critical for detection must be identified prior to the conduct of the remote sensing mission to allow adequate planning of the data acquisiton program, both on the ground and with remote sensor systems. (Author)

Research paper thumbnail of Passive Acoustic Range Estimation of Helicopters

: A passive acoustic method is presented that determines the velocity of a moving helicopter and ... more : A passive acoustic method is presented that determines the velocity of a moving helicopter and its range at the closest point of approach. This method requires only the use of a single microphone if the fundamental blade rotation frequency of the helicopter is known, or two spatially separated microphones if it is not. The blade rotation frequency is generally adequately known after the helicopter is correctly classified using acoustic signature characteristics other than those discussed herein. The range estimate is considered valid for ranges of a few hundred meters with the attendant assumptions that: (1) the helicopter is traveling in a straight line, (2) the helicopter is moving at a constant velocity, and (3) the main rotor of the helicopter has a stable revolution rate typical of present operational helicopters. The technique was successfully tested on an example helicopter.

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic-to-Seismic Coupling; Properties and Applications to Seismic Sensors

: Acoustic-to-seismic coupling is investigated using measurements of acoustic and seismic signals... more : Acoustic-to-seismic coupling is investigated using measurements of acoustic and seismic signals generated from acoustic sources. Source types used for the measurements were: pure tones, band limited pink and white noise, and broad band noise from an acoustic impulse (gun shot). The measurements showed that the frequency dependence of acoutic-to-seismic coupling was independent of source type. However, the efficiency of coupling favored certain frequency bands for a fixed source height. Dependence of the coupling on source height was also investigated. Measurements showed that the favored frequency bands were lowered as the source height was increased for frequencies below 250 Hz. Two techniques were evaluated for separating the acoustic-to-seismic coupled signature from the measured seismic signature in order to support development of methods for suppressing acoustic-to-seismic coupled background noise. Alternatively, such separation could help improve target classification. The t...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Remote Sensing to Environmental Monitoring: A Case Study of the 1996 Saguenay Flood in Québec

Research paper thumbnail of The use of Remote Sensing Devices for Acquiring Data for Environmental Management Purposes. Report 2. Application of Photographic Remote Sensors to an Environmental Management Problem

Abstract : This report demonstrates the application of a procedure developed for the systematic a... more Abstract : This report demonstrates the application of a procedure developed for the systematic application of photographic remote sensor systems to specific environmental data acquisition problems. Of particular importance to this procedure is a quantitative approach to predicting a proper mission profile (i.e. film-filter combinations, scale, etc.) as a function of properties of the features of interest and the surrounding environment. The application of the procedure to an environmental management problem at a military facility within CONUS, Fort Carson, Colorado, is discussed. The primary emphasis of the work is on the acquisition of data relevant to measurement of the effects of maneuvering vehicles on the environment in two training areas (80 km2) on the post. The parameter selected for measurement is the length of vehicle paths per unit area, referred to as vehicular usage. An obvious application of the map is to support scheduling of training in areas of lowest vehicular usage and to identify areas subject to severe environmental damage.

Research paper thumbnail of Fusion of LADAR with SAR for precision strike

Dhbution authori%-lo U.S. Government agencies and their conmctors. Critical Technology. March 199... more Dhbution authori%-lo U.S. Government agencies and their conmctors. Critical Technology. March 1995. Other nqucsls shall bc referred to Sandia National Laboratories. Ann: Daniel H. Crcss. MS 0860. P. 0. BOX 5800. Albuquerque. Nh4 87185-0860.

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic-to-seismic coupling properties and applications to seismic sensors

Research paper thumbnail of Polarization-Based Imagery of Terrain in the Optical Region

Research paper thumbnail of Passive Acoustic Range Estimation of Helicopters

Research paper thumbnail of Detection Of Objects In High Resolution Multispectral Aerial Images

Applications of Artificial Intelligence II, 1985

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Fusion of ladar and SAR for terminal guidance

SPIE Proceedings, 1993

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Coupling of airborne sound into the earth: Frequency dependence

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1980

Simultaneous measurements have been made of sound pressure above the ground and seismic velocity ... more Simultaneous measurements have been made of sound pressure above the ground and seismic velocity below the ground surface resulting from a source suspended in the air a variable distance from the surface. The ratio of seismic velocity to acoustic sound pressure has been determined; there are peaks in the ratio in the vicinity of 45 and 90 Hz depending on the height of the speaker. The source–receiver distance was 10, 30, and 60 m; the source height was varied between 1 and 10 m. The frequency of maximum acoustic coupling was found to agree well with theory; the first and third shear modes appear to be excited. Results for vertical, horizontal, and radial motion indicate the coupled seismic signal is greatest for vertical, next greatest for radial, and least for transverse, though the difference between radial and vertical displacement velocities was not great and depended on the speaker altitude.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of the Electromagnetic Gradiometer Concept for Detection of Underground Structures—Theory and Application

Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 1997

An improved capability for subsurface structure detection is needed to support military and non‐p... more An improved capability for subsurface structure detection is needed to support military and non‐proliferation requirements for inspection and for surveillance of activities of threatening nations. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy program to apply geophysical methods to detect and characterize underground facilities, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) initiated an electromagnetic induction (EMI) project to evaluate low frequency electromagnetic (EM) techniques for subsurface structure detection. Low frequency, in this case, extends from kilohertz to hundreds of kilohertz. An EM gradiometer survey procedure had already been utilized for borehole imaging of coal seams and had successfully been applied in a surface mode to detect a drug smuggling tunnel. The SNL project has focused on building upon the success of that procedure and applying it to surface and low altitude airborne platforms. Part of SNL's work with Raton Technology Research has focused on improving that technology through improved hard...

Research paper thumbnail of The interaction of inversion with other vibrations in ammonia

The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1977

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Vibrational analysis of molecules undergoing large amplitude internal motions

... LARGE AI4PLITUDE INTERNAL MOTIONS by DANIEL HUGG CRESS, BS, MS A DISSERTATION IN PHYSICS ... ... more ... LARGE AI4PLITUDE INTERNAL MOTIONS by DANIEL HUGG CRESS, BS, MS A DISSERTATION IN PHYSICS ... is subject to several compromises when determining the best coordi-nate system for a particular molecule. On the one hand, the inter-...

Research paper thumbnail of Terrain considerations and data base development for the design and testing of devices to detect intruder-induced ground motion

... 5 Page 9. TERRAIN CONSIDERATIONS AND DATA BASE DEVELOP MENT FOR THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF DEV... more ... 5 Page 9. TERRAIN CONSIDERATIONS AND DATA BASE DEVELOP MENT FOR THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF DEVICES TO ... velopment of integrated security systems has undertaken the task of de-veloping new sensors and improving the deployment and operation of ...