Danilo Bocalini - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Danilo Bocalini
Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do exercí cio, 2022
A prática de atividade física auxiliada por uma alimentação equilibrada trazem resultados satisf... more A prática de atividade física auxiliada por uma alimentação equilibrada trazem resultados satisfatórios, mas fatores como a falta de informação, orientação ou recurso financeiro, somados ao anseio de atingir os resultados rapidamente, fazem com que os indivíduos busquem os recursos ergogênicos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito do consumo de suplementos alimentares e esteroides (recursos ergogênicos) em academias do Brasil. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados eletrônicas Scielo, Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício (RBFE) e Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva (RBNE), e as seguintes palavras-chave: anabolizantes, esteroides anabólicos androgênicos, suplementos alimentares, recursos ergogênicos, consumo, praticantes de musculação. Foram selecionados 29 artigos. Verificou-se que de 4.877 pessoas praticantes de academia, 40,8% consomem recursos ergogênicos com finalidade estética. Na maioria dos estudos, a indicação para o...
Journal of physical education and sport, 2017
Retos, 2018
The VO2max measures provide efficiency in exercise prescription, due to a precise evaluation of o... more The VO2max measures provide efficiency in exercise prescription, due to a precise evaluation of one's physical conditioning level. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a VO 2 max prediction model based on ventilatory threshold indicators on maximal effort test in healthy non-athlete male. Accordingly, 3.147 healthy non-athlete male aged 20 and older volunteered to be tested on a cycle ergometer using a maximum incremental protocol. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups: group A (estimation) and group B (validation). The independent variables were: weight in kilograms (weight), second workload threshold (WT2), and heart rate of the second threshold (HRT2). The cross-validation method was used in group B with group A serving as the basis for building the model and the validation dataset. The results presented a multiple linear regression model to predict VO 2 max (VO 2 max = 39.027-0.405 (weight)-0.002 (HRT2) + 0.189 (WT2) in ml O 2 /kg/min-1 ; r = 0.995 and SEE = 0.96 mlO 2 /Kg/ min-1). The construction of this model allows to demonstrate that it is possible to predict VO2max with a minimum error (SEE = 1.00%) from ventilatory threshold indicators obtained in an incremental test, in healthy non-athlete male.
Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 2019
Introdução: A pratica de Yóga é reconhecida por seus diversos benefícios, contudo considerando p... more Introdução: A pratica de Yóga é reconhecida por seus diversos benefícios, contudo considerando pratica como estratégia de gerenciamento do estresse gerados pelas cargas de treino em atletas não esta claro na literatura. Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos de uma sessão de pratica de Hatha Yóga (HY) nos sintomas de stress e no estado de humor de corredores. Metodologia: Após uma semana de altas cargas de treinamento (volume de 45,0 ± 15,0 km percorridos na semana) vinte corredores amadores com idade ≥18 anos participaram voluntariamente de uma sessão de HY sendo composta de 10 minutos de exercícios de controle da respiração, 15 minutos de exercícios de aquecimento, 50 minutos de posturas de yoga e 10 minutos de relaxamento. Antes (An) e apos (Ap) a prática todos os corredores responderam os o inventário de sintomas de stress e questionário de humor (POMS). Resultado: 67% dos indivíduos foram classificados em fase de resistência e 33% em fase de pré-exaustão, após a prática de HY todos os i...
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2019
We previously showed that digitoxin prolongs the survival of rats with heart failure due to myoca... more We previously showed that digitoxin prolongs the survival of rats with heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we evaluated the effect of digitoxin on myocardial structure, ventricular function, and proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Seventy-two rats with MI >35% of the left ventricle were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: sham (n = 15), digitoxin (n = 11), infarction (n = 20), and infarction + digitoxin (n = 26). The rats were assessed 120 days after surgery by echocardiogram, hemodynamics, papillary muscle mechanics, collagen content, cardiomyocyte nuclear volume, and Western blot analysis of proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Digitoxin was administered via the rat chow. Two-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons. Myocardial infarction caused inotropic impairment, pulmonary congestion, increase of nuclear volume, myocardial collagen, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger levels, and decreased SERCA2 and phosphorylated phospholamban levels. Tre...
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2018
This study compared maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) on a 20-meter multistage shuttle run test... more This study compared maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) on a 20-meter multistage shuttle run test (20-Srt) with a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) to determine a VO2max prediction equation for a 20-Srt in children aged 6–10 years. Eighty healthy children performed the CPET on a treadmill, while the 20-Srt took place on a sports court. Heart rate (HR) was measured and the expired gases were continuously measured breath-by-breath using a portable gas analyzer. The VO2max was lower (p<0.05) in CPET than 20-Srt for all, female, and male participants, respectively (46.3±7.9 vs. 48.7±4.6; 42.7±7.8 vs. 46.7±4.8; 49.3±6.8 vs. 50.4±3.9, mL·kg-1·min-1). The standard error estimates were between 3.0 and 3.6 and considered as not clinically relevant if less than 5 mL·kg-1·min-1. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the VO2 in CPET and in 20-Srt was 0.74 (CI95% 0.55–0.84) and considered moderately reliable. The linear multiple regression excluded sex, body mass index and fat-fre...
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2015
Molecular and cellular biochemistry, Jan 19, 2016
Dexamethasone is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug. However, ... more Dexamethasone is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug. However, recent evidences suggest that dexamethasone cause pathologic cardiac remodeling, which later impairs cardiac function. The mechanism behind the cardiotoxic effect of dexamethasone is elusive. The present study aimed to verify if dexamethasone-induced cardiotoxicity would be associated with changes in the cardiac net balance of calcium handling protein and calcineurin signaling pathway activation. Wistar rats (~400 g) were treated with dexamethasone (35 µg/g) in drinking water for 15 days. After dexamethasone treatment, we analyzed cardiac function, cardiomyocyte diameter, cardiac fibrosis, and the expression of proteins involved in calcium handling and calcineurin signaling pathway. Dexamethasone-treated rats showed several cardiovascular abnormalities, including elevated blood pressure, diastolic dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Regarding the expression of pro...
The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal, 2016
Introduction: Cardiac output increases during incremental-load exercise to meet metabolic skeleta... more Introduction: Cardiac output increases during incremental-load exercise to meet metabolic skeletal muscle demand. This response requires a fast adjustment in heart rate and stroke volume. The heart rate is well known to increase linearly with exercise load; however, data for stroke volume during incremental-load exercise are unclear. Our objectives were to (a) review studies that have investigated stroke volume on incremental load exercise and (b) summarize the findings for stroke volume, primarily at maximal-exercise load. Methods: A comprehensive review of the Cochrane Library’s, Embase, Medline, SportDiscus, PubMed, and Web of Sci-ence databases was carried out for the years 1985 to the present. The search was performed between February and June 2014 to find studies evaluating changes in stroke volume during incremental-load exercise. Controlled and uncontrolled trials were evaluated for a quality score. Results: The stroke volume data in maximal-exercise load are inconsistent. T...
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2015
Among all nonpharmacological treatments, aerobic or resistance training (RT) has been indicated a... more Among all nonpharmacological treatments, aerobic or resistance training (RT) has been indicated as a significantly important strategy to control hypertension. However, postexercise hypotension responses after intensity alterations in RT are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of differing intensities of RT on hypertensive older women. Twenty hypertensive older women participated voluntarily in this study. After a maximum voluntary contraction test (one repetition maximum) and determination of 40% and 80% experimental loads, the protocol (3 sets/90″ interset rest) was performed in a single session with the following exercises: leg press, leg extension, leg curl, chest press, elbow flexion, elbow extension, upper back row, and abdominal flexion. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were evaluated at rest, during exercise peak, and after 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes of exercise and compared to the control. Both experimental loads were effective (P,0.01) in promoting postexercise systolic hypotension (mmHg) compared to controls, after 30, 45, and 60 minutes, respectively, at 40% (113±2, 112±4, and 110±3 mmHg) and 80% (111±3, 111±4, and 110±4 mmHg). Both procedures promoted hypotension with similar systolic blood pressures (40%: −11%±1.0% and 80%: −13%±0.5%), mean arterial blood pressures (40%: −12%±5.5% and 80%: −12%±3.4%), and rate-pressure products (40%: −15%±2.1% and 80%: −17%±2.4%) compared to control measures (systolic blood pressure: 1%±1%, mean arterial blood pressure: 0.6%±1.5%, rate-pressure product: 0.33%±1.1%). No differences were found in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate measures. In conclusion, hypertensive older women exhibit postexercise hypotension independently of exercise intensity without expressed cardiovascular overload during the session.
Clinics, 2008
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise on the f... more OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise on the functional capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients. METHODS: Forty-two patients of both sexes with heart failure of NYHA class II and III with different etiologies were randomly divided into untrained or trained groups. The six-month exercise program consisted of aerobic training, muscle strength training, agility and joint flexibility activities. Physical fitness was evaluated by testing the performance on these trained components. Quality of life was evaluated by scored answers to a standardized questionnaire involving multiple domains. RESULTS: Baseline values did not differ between groups. Improvement in the trained group was identified in all components of functional capacity when compared to the untrained group (p < 0.001). Quality of life improved in the trained patients concerning physical, psychological, social and environmental domains (p < 0.001), whereas no significant change was found in the untrained patients. CONCLUSIONS: Guided and monitored physical exercise is safe and has the potential to improve functional capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients with multiple etiologies.
Clinics, 2011
This study aimed to investigate whether previous exercise training could prevent or attenuate acu... more This study aimed to investigate whether previous exercise training could prevent or attenuate acute cardiac alterations after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Female rats were submitted to swim training (1 h/day; 5 days/week) or allowed to remain sedentary for 8 weeks. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to left coronary artery occlusion or sham surgery. After this procedure, the rats remained sedentary for one week until euthanasia. Cardiac structural and functional analyses were performed using Doppler echocardiography. The rats that had a moderate or large infarct size were included in the evaluations. The data (mean ¡ SEM) were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA model followed by Tukey's posthoc test. RESULTS: After the surgery, no significant difference between the exercise and sedentary groups was observed in the left ventricular infarct sizes (34.58¡3.04 vs. 37.59¡3.07). In another group of rats evaluated with Evans blue 1 h after myocardial infarction, no siginificant difference in the area at risk was observed between the exercised and sedentary rats (49.73¡1.52 vs. 45.48¡3.49). The changes in the left ventricular fractional areas for the exercised and sedentary myocardial infarction groups (36¡2% and 39¡3%, respectively) were smaller than those for the exercise sham surgery (ES, 67¡1%) and sedentary sham surgery (SS, 69¡2%) groups. The E/A was higher in the sedentary myocardial infarction (4.4¡0.3) and exercised myocardial infarction (5.5¡0.3) rats than in the SS (2.4¡0.1) and ES (2.2¡0.1) rats. CONCLUSION: Previous swim training of female rats does not attenuate systolic and diastolic function alterations after myocardial infarction induced by left coronary artery occlusion, suggesting that cardioprotection cannot be provided by exercise training in this experimental model.
Journal of Aging Research, 2010
Twenty five subjects were randomized to untrained (UN) and resistive-trained (RT) groups. The RT ... more Twenty five subjects were randomized to untrained (UN) and resistive-trained (RT) groups. The RT group exercised three sessions per week at 60%–70% of the load according to individual 1RM test during 24 weeks. Both groups were evaluated before and after protocol period assessing lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,VO2 max, and neuromuscular fitness. After 24 weeks, there were significant reductions in LS (0.89±0.16%loss) and FN BMD (1.54±0.35%loss) for UN but no change was found in the TR (LS:0.01±0.12%and FN:0.04±0.05%loss). The UN group had no changes in neuromuscular performance. However, RT exhibited a significant improvement on the functional fitness parameters evaluated, with the exception of agility. Our results indicate RT suppresses the decline in BMD and simultaneously improves the functional fitness of postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy, which may reduce fall risk and related bone fractures.
Revista de Saúde Pública, 2012
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de atividade física em professores da rede pública estadual de ensino. ... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de atividade física em professores da rede pública estadual de ensino. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido com 1.681 professores de São Paulo, SP, em 2009. A versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física foi aplicada e o nível de atividade física dos professores foi categorizado em baixo, moderado ou alto. A amostra foi estratificada por idade, região da cidade e sexo. O teste de qui-quadrado foi aplicado nas comparações e o nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de nível baixo de atividade física foi de 46,3%, e os níveis moderado e alto representaram 42,7% e 11%, respectivamente. Níveis baixos de atividade física foram mais prevalentes em indivíduos de 31 a 42 anos (19,5%) e menor prevalência foi observada de 55 a 66 anos (5,7%). Níveis moderados e altos foram menos prevalentes em idade mais avançada. Mais professores apresentaram nível baixo (50,5%) e alto (11,4%) de atividade física na região lest...
The Journal of Physiology, 2010
Myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction occur in response to excessive catecholaminergic drive. Ad... more Myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction occur in response to excessive catecholaminergic drive. Adverse cardiac remodelling is associated with activation of proinflammatory cytokines in the myocardium. To test the hypothesis that exercise training can prevent myocardial dysfunction and production of proinflammatory cytokines induced by β-adrenergic hyperactivity, male Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following four groups: sedentary non-treated (Con); sedentary isoprenaline treated (Iso); exercised non-treated (Ex); and exercised plus isoprenaline (Iso+Ex). Echocardiography, haemodynamic measurements and isolated papillary muscle were used for functional evaluations. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to quantify tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF-β 1) in the tissue. NF-κB expression in the nucleus was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. The Iso rats showed a concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV). These animals exhibited marked increases in LV end-diastolic pressure and impaired myocardial performance in vitro, with a reduction in the developed tension and maximal rate of tension increase and decrease, as well as worsened recruitment of the Frank-Starling mechanism. Both gene and protein levels of tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin-6, as well as TGF-β 1 mRNA, were increased. In addition, the NF-κB expression in the Iso group was significantly raised. In the Iso+Ex group, the exercise training had the following effects: (1) it prevented LV hypertrophy; (ii) it improved myocardial contractility; (3) it avoided the increase of proinflammatory cytokines and improved interleukin-10 levels; and (4) it attenuated the increase of TGF-β 1 mRNA. Thus, exercise training in a model of β-adrenergic hyperactivity can avoid the adverse remodelling of the LV and inhibit inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the cardioprotection is related to beneficial effects on myocardial performance.
Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do exercí cio, 2022
A prática de atividade física auxiliada por uma alimentação equilibrada trazem resultados satisf... more A prática de atividade física auxiliada por uma alimentação equilibrada trazem resultados satisfatórios, mas fatores como a falta de informação, orientação ou recurso financeiro, somados ao anseio de atingir os resultados rapidamente, fazem com que os indivíduos busquem os recursos ergogênicos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito do consumo de suplementos alimentares e esteroides (recursos ergogênicos) em academias do Brasil. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados eletrônicas Scielo, Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício (RBFE) e Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva (RBNE), e as seguintes palavras-chave: anabolizantes, esteroides anabólicos androgênicos, suplementos alimentares, recursos ergogênicos, consumo, praticantes de musculação. Foram selecionados 29 artigos. Verificou-se que de 4.877 pessoas praticantes de academia, 40,8% consomem recursos ergogênicos com finalidade estética. Na maioria dos estudos, a indicação para o...
Journal of physical education and sport, 2017
Retos, 2018
The VO2max measures provide efficiency in exercise prescription, due to a precise evaluation of o... more The VO2max measures provide efficiency in exercise prescription, due to a precise evaluation of one's physical conditioning level. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a VO 2 max prediction model based on ventilatory threshold indicators on maximal effort test in healthy non-athlete male. Accordingly, 3.147 healthy non-athlete male aged 20 and older volunteered to be tested on a cycle ergometer using a maximum incremental protocol. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups: group A (estimation) and group B (validation). The independent variables were: weight in kilograms (weight), second workload threshold (WT2), and heart rate of the second threshold (HRT2). The cross-validation method was used in group B with group A serving as the basis for building the model and the validation dataset. The results presented a multiple linear regression model to predict VO 2 max (VO 2 max = 39.027-0.405 (weight)-0.002 (HRT2) + 0.189 (WT2) in ml O 2 /kg/min-1 ; r = 0.995 and SEE = 0.96 mlO 2 /Kg/ min-1). The construction of this model allows to demonstrate that it is possible to predict VO2max with a minimum error (SEE = 1.00%) from ventilatory threshold indicators obtained in an incremental test, in healthy non-athlete male.
Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 2019
Introdução: A pratica de Yóga é reconhecida por seus diversos benefícios, contudo considerando p... more Introdução: A pratica de Yóga é reconhecida por seus diversos benefícios, contudo considerando pratica como estratégia de gerenciamento do estresse gerados pelas cargas de treino em atletas não esta claro na literatura. Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos de uma sessão de pratica de Hatha Yóga (HY) nos sintomas de stress e no estado de humor de corredores. Metodologia: Após uma semana de altas cargas de treinamento (volume de 45,0 ± 15,0 km percorridos na semana) vinte corredores amadores com idade ≥18 anos participaram voluntariamente de uma sessão de HY sendo composta de 10 minutos de exercícios de controle da respiração, 15 minutos de exercícios de aquecimento, 50 minutos de posturas de yoga e 10 minutos de relaxamento. Antes (An) e apos (Ap) a prática todos os corredores responderam os o inventário de sintomas de stress e questionário de humor (POMS). Resultado: 67% dos indivíduos foram classificados em fase de resistência e 33% em fase de pré-exaustão, após a prática de HY todos os i...
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2019
We previously showed that digitoxin prolongs the survival of rats with heart failure due to myoca... more We previously showed that digitoxin prolongs the survival of rats with heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we evaluated the effect of digitoxin on myocardial structure, ventricular function, and proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Seventy-two rats with MI >35% of the left ventricle were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: sham (n = 15), digitoxin (n = 11), infarction (n = 20), and infarction + digitoxin (n = 26). The rats were assessed 120 days after surgery by echocardiogram, hemodynamics, papillary muscle mechanics, collagen content, cardiomyocyte nuclear volume, and Western blot analysis of proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Digitoxin was administered via the rat chow. Two-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons. Myocardial infarction caused inotropic impairment, pulmonary congestion, increase of nuclear volume, myocardial collagen, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger levels, and decreased SERCA2 and phosphorylated phospholamban levels. Tre...
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2018
This study compared maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) on a 20-meter multistage shuttle run test... more This study compared maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) on a 20-meter multistage shuttle run test (20-Srt) with a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) to determine a VO2max prediction equation for a 20-Srt in children aged 6–10 years. Eighty healthy children performed the CPET on a treadmill, while the 20-Srt took place on a sports court. Heart rate (HR) was measured and the expired gases were continuously measured breath-by-breath using a portable gas analyzer. The VO2max was lower (p<0.05) in CPET than 20-Srt for all, female, and male participants, respectively (46.3±7.9 vs. 48.7±4.6; 42.7±7.8 vs. 46.7±4.8; 49.3±6.8 vs. 50.4±3.9, mL·kg-1·min-1). The standard error estimates were between 3.0 and 3.6 and considered as not clinically relevant if less than 5 mL·kg-1·min-1. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the VO2 in CPET and in 20-Srt was 0.74 (CI95% 0.55–0.84) and considered moderately reliable. The linear multiple regression excluded sex, body mass index and fat-fre...
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2015
Molecular and cellular biochemistry, Jan 19, 2016
Dexamethasone is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug. However, ... more Dexamethasone is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug. However, recent evidences suggest that dexamethasone cause pathologic cardiac remodeling, which later impairs cardiac function. The mechanism behind the cardiotoxic effect of dexamethasone is elusive. The present study aimed to verify if dexamethasone-induced cardiotoxicity would be associated with changes in the cardiac net balance of calcium handling protein and calcineurin signaling pathway activation. Wistar rats (~400 g) were treated with dexamethasone (35 µg/g) in drinking water for 15 days. After dexamethasone treatment, we analyzed cardiac function, cardiomyocyte diameter, cardiac fibrosis, and the expression of proteins involved in calcium handling and calcineurin signaling pathway. Dexamethasone-treated rats showed several cardiovascular abnormalities, including elevated blood pressure, diastolic dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Regarding the expression of pro...
The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal, 2016
Introduction: Cardiac output increases during incremental-load exercise to meet metabolic skeleta... more Introduction: Cardiac output increases during incremental-load exercise to meet metabolic skeletal muscle demand. This response requires a fast adjustment in heart rate and stroke volume. The heart rate is well known to increase linearly with exercise load; however, data for stroke volume during incremental-load exercise are unclear. Our objectives were to (a) review studies that have investigated stroke volume on incremental load exercise and (b) summarize the findings for stroke volume, primarily at maximal-exercise load. Methods: A comprehensive review of the Cochrane Library’s, Embase, Medline, SportDiscus, PubMed, and Web of Sci-ence databases was carried out for the years 1985 to the present. The search was performed between February and June 2014 to find studies evaluating changes in stroke volume during incremental-load exercise. Controlled and uncontrolled trials were evaluated for a quality score. Results: The stroke volume data in maximal-exercise load are inconsistent. T...
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2015
Among all nonpharmacological treatments, aerobic or resistance training (RT) has been indicated a... more Among all nonpharmacological treatments, aerobic or resistance training (RT) has been indicated as a significantly important strategy to control hypertension. However, postexercise hypotension responses after intensity alterations in RT are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of differing intensities of RT on hypertensive older women. Twenty hypertensive older women participated voluntarily in this study. After a maximum voluntary contraction test (one repetition maximum) and determination of 40% and 80% experimental loads, the protocol (3 sets/90″ interset rest) was performed in a single session with the following exercises: leg press, leg extension, leg curl, chest press, elbow flexion, elbow extension, upper back row, and abdominal flexion. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were evaluated at rest, during exercise peak, and after 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes of exercise and compared to the control. Both experimental loads were effective (P,0.01) in promoting postexercise systolic hypotension (mmHg) compared to controls, after 30, 45, and 60 minutes, respectively, at 40% (113±2, 112±4, and 110±3 mmHg) and 80% (111±3, 111±4, and 110±4 mmHg). Both procedures promoted hypotension with similar systolic blood pressures (40%: −11%±1.0% and 80%: −13%±0.5%), mean arterial blood pressures (40%: −12%±5.5% and 80%: −12%±3.4%), and rate-pressure products (40%: −15%±2.1% and 80%: −17%±2.4%) compared to control measures (systolic blood pressure: 1%±1%, mean arterial blood pressure: 0.6%±1.5%, rate-pressure product: 0.33%±1.1%). No differences were found in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate measures. In conclusion, hypertensive older women exhibit postexercise hypotension independently of exercise intensity without expressed cardiovascular overload during the session.
Clinics, 2008
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise on the f... more OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise on the functional capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients. METHODS: Forty-two patients of both sexes with heart failure of NYHA class II and III with different etiologies were randomly divided into untrained or trained groups. The six-month exercise program consisted of aerobic training, muscle strength training, agility and joint flexibility activities. Physical fitness was evaluated by testing the performance on these trained components. Quality of life was evaluated by scored answers to a standardized questionnaire involving multiple domains. RESULTS: Baseline values did not differ between groups. Improvement in the trained group was identified in all components of functional capacity when compared to the untrained group (p < 0.001). Quality of life improved in the trained patients concerning physical, psychological, social and environmental domains (p < 0.001), whereas no significant change was found in the untrained patients. CONCLUSIONS: Guided and monitored physical exercise is safe and has the potential to improve functional capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients with multiple etiologies.
Clinics, 2011
This study aimed to investigate whether previous exercise training could prevent or attenuate acu... more This study aimed to investigate whether previous exercise training could prevent or attenuate acute cardiac alterations after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Female rats were submitted to swim training (1 h/day; 5 days/week) or allowed to remain sedentary for 8 weeks. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to left coronary artery occlusion or sham surgery. After this procedure, the rats remained sedentary for one week until euthanasia. Cardiac structural and functional analyses were performed using Doppler echocardiography. The rats that had a moderate or large infarct size were included in the evaluations. The data (mean ¡ SEM) were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA model followed by Tukey's posthoc test. RESULTS: After the surgery, no significant difference between the exercise and sedentary groups was observed in the left ventricular infarct sizes (34.58¡3.04 vs. 37.59¡3.07). In another group of rats evaluated with Evans blue 1 h after myocardial infarction, no siginificant difference in the area at risk was observed between the exercised and sedentary rats (49.73¡1.52 vs. 45.48¡3.49). The changes in the left ventricular fractional areas for the exercised and sedentary myocardial infarction groups (36¡2% and 39¡3%, respectively) were smaller than those for the exercise sham surgery (ES, 67¡1%) and sedentary sham surgery (SS, 69¡2%) groups. The E/A was higher in the sedentary myocardial infarction (4.4¡0.3) and exercised myocardial infarction (5.5¡0.3) rats than in the SS (2.4¡0.1) and ES (2.2¡0.1) rats. CONCLUSION: Previous swim training of female rats does not attenuate systolic and diastolic function alterations after myocardial infarction induced by left coronary artery occlusion, suggesting that cardioprotection cannot be provided by exercise training in this experimental model.
Journal of Aging Research, 2010
Twenty five subjects were randomized to untrained (UN) and resistive-trained (RT) groups. The RT ... more Twenty five subjects were randomized to untrained (UN) and resistive-trained (RT) groups. The RT group exercised three sessions per week at 60%–70% of the load according to individual 1RM test during 24 weeks. Both groups were evaluated before and after protocol period assessing lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,VO2 max, and neuromuscular fitness. After 24 weeks, there were significant reductions in LS (0.89±0.16%loss) and FN BMD (1.54±0.35%loss) for UN but no change was found in the TR (LS:0.01±0.12%and FN:0.04±0.05%loss). The UN group had no changes in neuromuscular performance. However, RT exhibited a significant improvement on the functional fitness parameters evaluated, with the exception of agility. Our results indicate RT suppresses the decline in BMD and simultaneously improves the functional fitness of postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy, which may reduce fall risk and related bone fractures.
Revista de Saúde Pública, 2012
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de atividade física em professores da rede pública estadual de ensino. ... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de atividade física em professores da rede pública estadual de ensino. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido com 1.681 professores de São Paulo, SP, em 2009. A versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física foi aplicada e o nível de atividade física dos professores foi categorizado em baixo, moderado ou alto. A amostra foi estratificada por idade, região da cidade e sexo. O teste de qui-quadrado foi aplicado nas comparações e o nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de nível baixo de atividade física foi de 46,3%, e os níveis moderado e alto representaram 42,7% e 11%, respectivamente. Níveis baixos de atividade física foram mais prevalentes em indivíduos de 31 a 42 anos (19,5%) e menor prevalência foi observada de 55 a 66 anos (5,7%). Níveis moderados e altos foram menos prevalentes em idade mais avançada. Mais professores apresentaram nível baixo (50,5%) e alto (11,4%) de atividade física na região lest...
The Journal of Physiology, 2010
Myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction occur in response to excessive catecholaminergic drive. Ad... more Myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction occur in response to excessive catecholaminergic drive. Adverse cardiac remodelling is associated with activation of proinflammatory cytokines in the myocardium. To test the hypothesis that exercise training can prevent myocardial dysfunction and production of proinflammatory cytokines induced by β-adrenergic hyperactivity, male Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following four groups: sedentary non-treated (Con); sedentary isoprenaline treated (Iso); exercised non-treated (Ex); and exercised plus isoprenaline (Iso+Ex). Echocardiography, haemodynamic measurements and isolated papillary muscle were used for functional evaluations. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to quantify tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF-β 1) in the tissue. NF-κB expression in the nucleus was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. The Iso rats showed a concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV). These animals exhibited marked increases in LV end-diastolic pressure and impaired myocardial performance in vitro, with a reduction in the developed tension and maximal rate of tension increase and decrease, as well as worsened recruitment of the Frank-Starling mechanism. Both gene and protein levels of tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin-6, as well as TGF-β 1 mRNA, were increased. In addition, the NF-κB expression in the Iso group was significantly raised. In the Iso+Ex group, the exercise training had the following effects: (1) it prevented LV hypertrophy; (ii) it improved myocardial contractility; (3) it avoided the increase of proinflammatory cytokines and improved interleukin-10 levels; and (4) it attenuated the increase of TGF-β 1 mRNA. Thus, exercise training in a model of β-adrenergic hyperactivity can avoid the adverse remodelling of the LV and inhibit inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the cardioprotection is related to beneficial effects on myocardial performance.