Danilo Flumignan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Danilo Flumignan
Colecao Prope Digital, 2012
International Journal of Nanomedicine
Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that adversely affec... more Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that adversely affects a woman's health, due to unpleasant symptoms, therapeutic challenges, and the emergence of resistant strains. The association of natural products and nanotechnology is important to improve the antifungal potential of medicinal plants. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-Candida albicans activity of unloaded (EO) and loaded (ME+EO) essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in the microemulsion (ME). Methods: The chemical analysis of the EO was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The ME and ME+EO were characterized by scattering, zeta potential, polarized light microscopy, rheological assays, mucoadhesiveness and transmission electronic microscopy. The in vitro antifungal activity of the EO and ME+EO were evaluated by microdilution technique. The toxicity of EO and ME+EO was analyzed on human cell line HaCat and using alternative model assay with Artemia salina. The experimental in vivo VVC was performed in female mice (C57BL/6). Results: The main compounds of the EO were found to be citronellal, geranial, geraniol, citronellol, and neral. The formulations exhibited suitable size, homogeneity, negative charge, isotropic behavior, highly organized structure, and pseudoplastic behavior, for vaginal application. TEM photomicrographs showed possible EO droplets inside the spherical structures. The EO, when loaded into the ME, exhibited an improvement in its antifungal action against C. albicans. The EO was not toxic against brine shrimp nauplii. An in vivo VVC assay showed that the use of the ME significantly improved the action of the EO, since only the ME+EO promoted the eradication of the fungal vaginal infection on the third day of treatment. Conclusion: The EO and ME+EO are promising alternatives for the control of fungal infections caused by C. albicans, once the use of nanotechnology significantly improved the antifungal action of the EO, especially in an in vivo model of VVC.
Chemical Engineering Journal
The Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences
Currently, the use of magnetic nanoparticles has aroused interest in industrial processes, and th... more Currently, the use of magnetic nanoparticles has aroused interest in industrial processes, and the combination of their properties with the immobilization of lipases has been developed in order to produce carriers of easy separation of the reaction medium. In this context, the objective of the present study was to immobilize Candida rugosa lipase in magnetic nanoparticles, such as magnetite and maghemite, by physical adsorption and covalent bonding. The biocatalysts were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and hydrolytic activity analysis. Thus, from the analyses performed, the best biocatalyst obtained was the immobilized by covalent bond in maghemite, presenting a hydrolytic activity of 174.67 U/g.
Molecules
This work investigates the catalytic activity of geopolymers produced using two different alkali ... more This work investigates the catalytic activity of geopolymers produced using two different alkali components (sodium or potassium) and four treatment temperatures (110 to 700 °C) for the methyl transesterification of soybean oil. The geopolymers were prepared with metakaolin as an aluminosilicate source and alkaline activating solutions containing either sodium or potassium in the same molar oxide proportions. The potassium-based formulation displayed a higher specific surface area and lower average pore size (28.64–62.54 m²/g; 9 nm) than the sodium formulation (6.34–32.62 m²/g; 17 nm). The reduction in specific surface area (SSA) after the heat treatment was more severe for the sodium formulation due to the higher thermal shrinkage. The catalytic activity of the geopolymer powders was compared under the same reactional conditions (70–75 °C, 150% methanol excess, 4 h reaction) and same weight amounts (3% to oil). The differences in performance were attributed to the influences of sod...
Fuel
In the last years, the Brazilian Fuel Quality Monitoring Program drastically reduced the number o... more In the last years, the Brazilian Fuel Quality Monitoring Program drastically reduced the number of analyzed fuel samples as consequence of the current economic crisis in the country. The impoverishment of the monitoring program may lead to an increase in cases of gasoline adulteration, nonetheless, it also strengthens the search for faster and less costly methodologies for the fuel quality monitoring. Thus, this study aimed the development of a rapid analytical method to detect the adulteration of gasoline with organic solvents through ultra-fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (UFGC-FID) associated with the supervised pattern recognition method, Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The sample set consisted of 171 Brazilian common gasoline (i.e., with ethanol in its composition) and 171 adulterated gasoline prepared in laboratory using 19 different solvents in the concentration range of 2-10% (v/v). The chromatographic method required only 2.85 min and the chromatograms presented 125 peaks on average. The PLS-DA model was developed with 3 latent variables and provided correlation coefficients close to 0.99 and correct discrimination of 100% of calibration and validation samples. Therefore, the developed UFGC-FID/PLS-DA method provided a sensitive, fast and automated alternative method for the detection of adulterants in the monitoring of gasoline quality.
Fuel
Several physicochemical parameters must be determined in order to verify the quality of commercia... more Several physicochemical parameters must be determined in order to verify the quality of commercial biodiesel, and the analysis of total fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) is the main parameter. Therefore, an efficient and alternative analytical method using gas chromatography coupled with ultrafast module is important. This method was developed to quantify FAMEs in biodiesel commercial samples that originated from different feedstock (babaçu, coconut, rapeseed, corn, soybean, animal/palm oil and sunflower). The chromatographic run time is 90 s. When compared with the official methods, we had a much faster one, which provided an analytical frequency of up to 205 samples a day. This analytical method has been validated according to in-house validation parameters, such as linearity, repeatability, reproducibility (intermediate precision) and accuracy. Two analytical curves were prepared, one for determinate long carbon chain FAMEs (C16-C24) and another for short carbon chain FAMEs (C6-C14). The coefficient of determination (which represents the percentage of the data that is closest to the line of best fit) was 0.9992 for the C18 curve (long chain) and the C12 curve (short chain). Repeatability and reproducibility presented a relative standard deviation of 0.75% and 1.68% for the C18 curve and 0.44% and 1.05% for the C12 curve, respectively. The accuracy had a standard error of 0.2 for soybean biodiesel, 0.4 for animal/palm commercial biodiesel and 0.2 for babaçu biodiesel.
Food chemistry, Jan 30, 2019
H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was employed to discriminate lager beer samples fro... more H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was employed to discriminate lager beer samples from two different classes, according to their style and information provided on the label. Partial replacement of barley malt by adjuncts is a common practice adopted by large breweries, which can lead to a decrease in diastatic power, requiring the use of exogenous enzymes. For this reason, small variations in the spectral profile can occur in the carbohydrates region. Many studies have focused on differentiating beers according to type and brewing process. However, there have no studies concerning the discrimination of beers of the same type that differ only in style, using H NMR spectroscopy. In this study PCA (first three components explained 81.5% of the dataset variability), PLS-DA and SIMCA models proved to be powerful tool with predict power higher than 90% for distinguishing lager beers based on the raw materials employed in the brewing process.
Journal of analytical methods in chemistry, 2018
Quality assessment of diesel fuel is highly necessary for society, but the costs and time spent a... more Quality assessment of diesel fuel is highly necessary for society, but the costs and time spent are very high while using standard methods. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an analytical method capable of simultaneously determining eight diesel quality parameters (density; flash point; total sulfur content; distillation temperatures at 10% (T10), 50% (T50), and 85% (T85) recovery; cetane index; and biodiesel content) through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and the multivariate regression method, partial least square (PLS). For this purpose, the quality parameters of 409 samples were determined using standard methods, and their spectra were acquired in ranges of 4000-650 cm. The use of the multivariate filters, generalized least squares weighting (GLSW) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC), was evaluated to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the models. Likewise, four variable selection approaches were tested: manual exclusion,...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O Panicum Maximum cv. Colonião (capim-colonião), é considerado em meio a cultura de cana-de-açúca... more O Panicum Maximum cv. Colonião (capim-colonião), é considerado em meio a cultura de cana-de-açúcar uma planta daninha devido a concorrência pelos recursos do meio, principalmente água, luz e nutrientes, liberando substâncias alelopáticas, atuando como hospedeiro de pragas e doenças comuns à cultura e interferindo nas práticas de colheita. Sem alto valor agregado e podendo diminuir o uso de herbicidas pensou-se na produção de etanol a partir do Panicum. O objetivo desde projeto perfaz toda a cadeia sucroalcooleira de produção de etanol, desde o plantio e cultivo do Panicum, passando pela rota processual de produção de etanol de 1ª ou 2ª geração até a avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos do etanol, como controle de qualidade do produto acabado. Até o momento realizou-se as seguintes etapas: plantio do Panicum e testou-se com amostras do mesmo colhido na cidade de Matão a produção de etanol de 1° geração. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Produção de etanol, 1° Geração, 2° Geração, Capim colonião.
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) é um programa interministerial do Gover... more O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) é um programa interministerial do Governo Federal que apesar de iniciado com certa prudência, envolvendo a adição de apenas 2% de biodiesel ao diesel mineral, em caráter autorizativo, utilizando o expediente de leilões para configurar uma demanda real, o programa acabou superando suas metas e passa a estabelecer objetivos maiores, com a introdução até mesmo do B10. Por outro lado, à medida que o tema se desenvolve, os desafios aumentam para atender a demanda, a exemplo do biodiesel de sebo que tem um número de cetano superior, não compete com a área de alimentos, seu ponto de fulgor é maior e é muito mais estável termicamente que o biodiesel de soja, porém seu ponto de entupimento é muito alto próximo a 12 ºC, acarretando em congelamento em vias de transporte em dias mais frios. Este trabalho pretende apresentar como proposta o melhoramento da temperatura do ponto de entupimento de filtro a frio do biodiesel de sebo através...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O principal parâmetro para avaliar a taxa de conversão de óleos vegetais e/ou animais em biodiese... more O principal parâmetro para avaliar a taxa de conversão de óleos vegetais e/ou animais em biodiesel é a determinação do teor de ésteres alquílicos de ácidos graxos formados ao final do processo de transesterificação. As principais técnicas para este fim são a espectroscopia e a cromatografia gasosa e líquida de alta eficiência. Sendo uma técnica consolidada que apresenta relativa simplicidade e um alto nível de precisão, a cromatografia gasosa, com detector de ionização por chama, tem sido o método mais utilizado para realizar a análise do biodiesel, sendo a técnica de escolha de normas internacionais. No Brasil, o controle de qualidade do biodiesel é regulamentado pela Resolução ANP n° 45, de 26.08.2014, sendo o teor de ésteres um dos parâmetros físico-químicos para caracterização e controle de qualidade deste biocombustível. Este parâmetro é determinado oficialmente por norma técnica européia, baseada na técnica analítica de cromatografia gasosa convencional. Neste projeto, propõe-...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
RESUMO: Atualmente há uma grande busca por fontes de energias renováveis que tem aumentado cada v... more RESUMO: Atualmente há uma grande busca por fontes de energias renováveis que tem aumentado cada vez mais a pesquisa por produtos que possam ser utilizados como matéria prima para produção de biodiesel, Neste cenário, ganha destaque o nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L.). No Brasil o cultivo de nabo forrageiro ocorre principalmente nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. É uma espécie com alta tolerância a seca e muito utilizada em rotação de cultura, pois tem a capacidade de reciclar alguns nutrientes do solo, consegue se desenvolver bem em solos com problemas de acidez e pode se tornar uma matéria-prima que não compete com a alimentação na produção de biodiesel. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Biodiesel, Nabo Forrageiro, Raphanus sativus L.
Renewable Energy
Hydroesterification is innovation biodiesel production using low cost feedstock by two-step: hydr... more Hydroesterification is innovation biodiesel production using low cost feedstock by two-step: hydrolysis of waste cooking oil to FFAs in subcritical water and chemical esterification of FFAs into FAME (biodiesel) with methanol. The purpose was to apply the experimental factorial design to evaluate the influence of reaction variables on the effectiveness of hydrolysis and determine the relationship of FFAs and FAMEs yields. Experiments were conducted in a batch reactor under diverse reaction conditions to determine the optimal parameters for hydrolysis. This analyses indicated that high FFAs yields (95 wt%) are achieved using 250 C; 120 min; 100:1 water-to-oil molar ratio and 700 rpm. Research results revealed a conversion the FFAs in 98.5 wt% of FAMEs with high quality by esterification in biodiesel production. This study shows that the biodiesel produced by subcritical/chemical hydroesterification process has similar qualities to the biodiesel obtained by traditional alkaline transesterification, which suggests a promising alternative for biodiesel production.
Journal of separation science, Jan 7, 2017
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes are some of the most hazardous constituents found in ... more Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes are some of the most hazardous constituents found in commercial gasoline samples; therefore, these components must be monitored to avoid toxicological problems. We propose a new routine method of ultrafast gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection for the direct determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in commercial gasoline. This method is based on external standard calibration to quantify each compound, including the validation step of the study of linearity, detection and quantification limits, precision and accuracy. The time of analysis was less than 3.2 min, with quantitative statements regarding the separation and quantification of all compounds in commercial gasoline samples. Ultrafast gas chromatography is a promising alternative method to official analytical techniques. Government laboratories could consider using this method for quality control. This article is protected by copyright. All right...
Analytica Chimica Acta, Jul 9, 2007
A total of 2400 samples of commercial Brazilian C gasoline were collected over a 6-month period f... more A total of 2400 samples of commercial Brazilian C gasoline were collected over a 6-month period from different gas stations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, and analysed with respect to 12 physicochemical parameters according to regulation 309 of the Brazilian Government Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency (ANP). The percentages (v/v) of hydrocarbons (olefins, aromatics and saturated) were also determined. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was employed to select 150 representative samples that exhibited least similarity on the basis of their physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon compositions. The chromatographic profiles of the selected samples were measured by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection and analysed using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) method in order to create a classification scheme to identify conform gasolines according to ANP 309 regulation. Following the optimisation of the SIMCA algorithm, it was possible to classify correctly 96% of the commercial gasoline samples present in the training set of 100. In order to check the quality of the model, an external group of 50 gasoline samples (the prediction set) were analysed and the developed SIMCA model classified 94% of these correctly. The developed chemometric method is recommended for screening commercial gasoline quality and detection of potential adulteration.
Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB, 2015
&... more <p>O maior problema encontrado na produção de biodiesel pelos processos convencionais de transesterificação está na aquisição de matérias-primas, que devem ser de acidez e teor de umidade reduzidos, característica atendida pelos óleos vegetais refinados, o qual gera um custo elevado e inviabiliza o uso de diversas oleaginosas. O processo de hidroesterificação é a mais moderna alternativa na produção de biodiesel, pois permite o uso de qualquer matéria-prima graxa com teores elevados de acidez (ácidos graxos) e umidade (água); esse processo envolve uma etapa de hidrólise seguida de esterificação. A hidrólise consiste em uma reação química entre a gordura (ou óleo) com a água, gerando glicerina e ácidos graxos. Após a hidrólise, os ácidos graxos gerados são esterificados com metanol/etanol, obtendo-se o metil/etiléster com elevada pureza (biodiesel). Esse artigo traz um estudo da aplicação do processo de hidroesterificação para a produção de biodiesel utilizando óleos brutos, óleo de microalga, óleos residuais e gordura animal. Atuando em uma nova estratégia na cadeia produtiva do biodiesel, visando à solução de obstáculos técnicos, e consequentemente, contribuindo para o aumento do biodiesel na matriz energética e o desenvolvimento econômico e social deste…
Colecao Prope Digital, 2012
International Journal of Nanomedicine
Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that adversely affec... more Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that adversely affects a woman's health, due to unpleasant symptoms, therapeutic challenges, and the emergence of resistant strains. The association of natural products and nanotechnology is important to improve the antifungal potential of medicinal plants. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-Candida albicans activity of unloaded (EO) and loaded (ME+EO) essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in the microemulsion (ME). Methods: The chemical analysis of the EO was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The ME and ME+EO were characterized by scattering, zeta potential, polarized light microscopy, rheological assays, mucoadhesiveness and transmission electronic microscopy. The in vitro antifungal activity of the EO and ME+EO were evaluated by microdilution technique. The toxicity of EO and ME+EO was analyzed on human cell line HaCat and using alternative model assay with Artemia salina. The experimental in vivo VVC was performed in female mice (C57BL/6). Results: The main compounds of the EO were found to be citronellal, geranial, geraniol, citronellol, and neral. The formulations exhibited suitable size, homogeneity, negative charge, isotropic behavior, highly organized structure, and pseudoplastic behavior, for vaginal application. TEM photomicrographs showed possible EO droplets inside the spherical structures. The EO, when loaded into the ME, exhibited an improvement in its antifungal action against C. albicans. The EO was not toxic against brine shrimp nauplii. An in vivo VVC assay showed that the use of the ME significantly improved the action of the EO, since only the ME+EO promoted the eradication of the fungal vaginal infection on the third day of treatment. Conclusion: The EO and ME+EO are promising alternatives for the control of fungal infections caused by C. albicans, once the use of nanotechnology significantly improved the antifungal action of the EO, especially in an in vivo model of VVC.
Chemical Engineering Journal
The Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences
Currently, the use of magnetic nanoparticles has aroused interest in industrial processes, and th... more Currently, the use of magnetic nanoparticles has aroused interest in industrial processes, and the combination of their properties with the immobilization of lipases has been developed in order to produce carriers of easy separation of the reaction medium. In this context, the objective of the present study was to immobilize Candida rugosa lipase in magnetic nanoparticles, such as magnetite and maghemite, by physical adsorption and covalent bonding. The biocatalysts were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and hydrolytic activity analysis. Thus, from the analyses performed, the best biocatalyst obtained was the immobilized by covalent bond in maghemite, presenting a hydrolytic activity of 174.67 U/g.
Molecules
This work investigates the catalytic activity of geopolymers produced using two different alkali ... more This work investigates the catalytic activity of geopolymers produced using two different alkali components (sodium or potassium) and four treatment temperatures (110 to 700 °C) for the methyl transesterification of soybean oil. The geopolymers were prepared with metakaolin as an aluminosilicate source and alkaline activating solutions containing either sodium or potassium in the same molar oxide proportions. The potassium-based formulation displayed a higher specific surface area and lower average pore size (28.64–62.54 m²/g; 9 nm) than the sodium formulation (6.34–32.62 m²/g; 17 nm). The reduction in specific surface area (SSA) after the heat treatment was more severe for the sodium formulation due to the higher thermal shrinkage. The catalytic activity of the geopolymer powders was compared under the same reactional conditions (70–75 °C, 150% methanol excess, 4 h reaction) and same weight amounts (3% to oil). The differences in performance were attributed to the influences of sod...
Fuel
In the last years, the Brazilian Fuel Quality Monitoring Program drastically reduced the number o... more In the last years, the Brazilian Fuel Quality Monitoring Program drastically reduced the number of analyzed fuel samples as consequence of the current economic crisis in the country. The impoverishment of the monitoring program may lead to an increase in cases of gasoline adulteration, nonetheless, it also strengthens the search for faster and less costly methodologies for the fuel quality monitoring. Thus, this study aimed the development of a rapid analytical method to detect the adulteration of gasoline with organic solvents through ultra-fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (UFGC-FID) associated with the supervised pattern recognition method, Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The sample set consisted of 171 Brazilian common gasoline (i.e., with ethanol in its composition) and 171 adulterated gasoline prepared in laboratory using 19 different solvents in the concentration range of 2-10% (v/v). The chromatographic method required only 2.85 min and the chromatograms presented 125 peaks on average. The PLS-DA model was developed with 3 latent variables and provided correlation coefficients close to 0.99 and correct discrimination of 100% of calibration and validation samples. Therefore, the developed UFGC-FID/PLS-DA method provided a sensitive, fast and automated alternative method for the detection of adulterants in the monitoring of gasoline quality.
Fuel
Several physicochemical parameters must be determined in order to verify the quality of commercia... more Several physicochemical parameters must be determined in order to verify the quality of commercial biodiesel, and the analysis of total fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) is the main parameter. Therefore, an efficient and alternative analytical method using gas chromatography coupled with ultrafast module is important. This method was developed to quantify FAMEs in biodiesel commercial samples that originated from different feedstock (babaçu, coconut, rapeseed, corn, soybean, animal/palm oil and sunflower). The chromatographic run time is 90 s. When compared with the official methods, we had a much faster one, which provided an analytical frequency of up to 205 samples a day. This analytical method has been validated according to in-house validation parameters, such as linearity, repeatability, reproducibility (intermediate precision) and accuracy. Two analytical curves were prepared, one for determinate long carbon chain FAMEs (C16-C24) and another for short carbon chain FAMEs (C6-C14). The coefficient of determination (which represents the percentage of the data that is closest to the line of best fit) was 0.9992 for the C18 curve (long chain) and the C12 curve (short chain). Repeatability and reproducibility presented a relative standard deviation of 0.75% and 1.68% for the C18 curve and 0.44% and 1.05% for the C12 curve, respectively. The accuracy had a standard error of 0.2 for soybean biodiesel, 0.4 for animal/palm commercial biodiesel and 0.2 for babaçu biodiesel.
Food chemistry, Jan 30, 2019
H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was employed to discriminate lager beer samples fro... more H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was employed to discriminate lager beer samples from two different classes, according to their style and information provided on the label. Partial replacement of barley malt by adjuncts is a common practice adopted by large breweries, which can lead to a decrease in diastatic power, requiring the use of exogenous enzymes. For this reason, small variations in the spectral profile can occur in the carbohydrates region. Many studies have focused on differentiating beers according to type and brewing process. However, there have no studies concerning the discrimination of beers of the same type that differ only in style, using H NMR spectroscopy. In this study PCA (first three components explained 81.5% of the dataset variability), PLS-DA and SIMCA models proved to be powerful tool with predict power higher than 90% for distinguishing lager beers based on the raw materials employed in the brewing process.
Journal of analytical methods in chemistry, 2018
Quality assessment of diesel fuel is highly necessary for society, but the costs and time spent a... more Quality assessment of diesel fuel is highly necessary for society, but the costs and time spent are very high while using standard methods. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an analytical method capable of simultaneously determining eight diesel quality parameters (density; flash point; total sulfur content; distillation temperatures at 10% (T10), 50% (T50), and 85% (T85) recovery; cetane index; and biodiesel content) through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and the multivariate regression method, partial least square (PLS). For this purpose, the quality parameters of 409 samples were determined using standard methods, and their spectra were acquired in ranges of 4000-650 cm. The use of the multivariate filters, generalized least squares weighting (GLSW) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC), was evaluated to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the models. Likewise, four variable selection approaches were tested: manual exclusion,...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O Panicum Maximum cv. Colonião (capim-colonião), é considerado em meio a cultura de cana-de-açúca... more O Panicum Maximum cv. Colonião (capim-colonião), é considerado em meio a cultura de cana-de-açúcar uma planta daninha devido a concorrência pelos recursos do meio, principalmente água, luz e nutrientes, liberando substâncias alelopáticas, atuando como hospedeiro de pragas e doenças comuns à cultura e interferindo nas práticas de colheita. Sem alto valor agregado e podendo diminuir o uso de herbicidas pensou-se na produção de etanol a partir do Panicum. O objetivo desde projeto perfaz toda a cadeia sucroalcooleira de produção de etanol, desde o plantio e cultivo do Panicum, passando pela rota processual de produção de etanol de 1ª ou 2ª geração até a avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos do etanol, como controle de qualidade do produto acabado. Até o momento realizou-se as seguintes etapas: plantio do Panicum e testou-se com amostras do mesmo colhido na cidade de Matão a produção de etanol de 1° geração. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Produção de etanol, 1° Geração, 2° Geração, Capim colonião.
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) é um programa interministerial do Gover... more O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) é um programa interministerial do Governo Federal que apesar de iniciado com certa prudência, envolvendo a adição de apenas 2% de biodiesel ao diesel mineral, em caráter autorizativo, utilizando o expediente de leilões para configurar uma demanda real, o programa acabou superando suas metas e passa a estabelecer objetivos maiores, com a introdução até mesmo do B10. Por outro lado, à medida que o tema se desenvolve, os desafios aumentam para atender a demanda, a exemplo do biodiesel de sebo que tem um número de cetano superior, não compete com a área de alimentos, seu ponto de fulgor é maior e é muito mais estável termicamente que o biodiesel de soja, porém seu ponto de entupimento é muito alto próximo a 12 ºC, acarretando em congelamento em vias de transporte em dias mais frios. Este trabalho pretende apresentar como proposta o melhoramento da temperatura do ponto de entupimento de filtro a frio do biodiesel de sebo através...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
O principal parâmetro para avaliar a taxa de conversão de óleos vegetais e/ou animais em biodiese... more O principal parâmetro para avaliar a taxa de conversão de óleos vegetais e/ou animais em biodiesel é a determinação do teor de ésteres alquílicos de ácidos graxos formados ao final do processo de transesterificação. As principais técnicas para este fim são a espectroscopia e a cromatografia gasosa e líquida de alta eficiência. Sendo uma técnica consolidada que apresenta relativa simplicidade e um alto nível de precisão, a cromatografia gasosa, com detector de ionização por chama, tem sido o método mais utilizado para realizar a análise do biodiesel, sendo a técnica de escolha de normas internacionais. No Brasil, o controle de qualidade do biodiesel é regulamentado pela Resolução ANP n° 45, de 26.08.2014, sendo o teor de ésteres um dos parâmetros físico-químicos para caracterização e controle de qualidade deste biocombustível. Este parâmetro é determinado oficialmente por norma técnica européia, baseada na técnica analítica de cromatografia gasosa convencional. Neste projeto, propõe-...
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis
RESUMO: Atualmente há uma grande busca por fontes de energias renováveis que tem aumentado cada v... more RESUMO: Atualmente há uma grande busca por fontes de energias renováveis que tem aumentado cada vez mais a pesquisa por produtos que possam ser utilizados como matéria prima para produção de biodiesel, Neste cenário, ganha destaque o nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L.). No Brasil o cultivo de nabo forrageiro ocorre principalmente nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. É uma espécie com alta tolerância a seca e muito utilizada em rotação de cultura, pois tem a capacidade de reciclar alguns nutrientes do solo, consegue se desenvolver bem em solos com problemas de acidez e pode se tornar uma matéria-prima que não compete com a alimentação na produção de biodiesel. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Biodiesel, Nabo Forrageiro, Raphanus sativus L.
Renewable Energy
Hydroesterification is innovation biodiesel production using low cost feedstock by two-step: hydr... more Hydroesterification is innovation biodiesel production using low cost feedstock by two-step: hydrolysis of waste cooking oil to FFAs in subcritical water and chemical esterification of FFAs into FAME (biodiesel) with methanol. The purpose was to apply the experimental factorial design to evaluate the influence of reaction variables on the effectiveness of hydrolysis and determine the relationship of FFAs and FAMEs yields. Experiments were conducted in a batch reactor under diverse reaction conditions to determine the optimal parameters for hydrolysis. This analyses indicated that high FFAs yields (95 wt%) are achieved using 250 C; 120 min; 100:1 water-to-oil molar ratio and 700 rpm. Research results revealed a conversion the FFAs in 98.5 wt% of FAMEs with high quality by esterification in biodiesel production. This study shows that the biodiesel produced by subcritical/chemical hydroesterification process has similar qualities to the biodiesel obtained by traditional alkaline transesterification, which suggests a promising alternative for biodiesel production.
Journal of separation science, Jan 7, 2017
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes are some of the most hazardous constituents found in ... more Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes are some of the most hazardous constituents found in commercial gasoline samples; therefore, these components must be monitored to avoid toxicological problems. We propose a new routine method of ultrafast gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection for the direct determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in commercial gasoline. This method is based on external standard calibration to quantify each compound, including the validation step of the study of linearity, detection and quantification limits, precision and accuracy. The time of analysis was less than 3.2 min, with quantitative statements regarding the separation and quantification of all compounds in commercial gasoline samples. Ultrafast gas chromatography is a promising alternative method to official analytical techniques. Government laboratories could consider using this method for quality control. This article is protected by copyright. All right...
Analytica Chimica Acta, Jul 9, 2007
A total of 2400 samples of commercial Brazilian C gasoline were collected over a 6-month period f... more A total of 2400 samples of commercial Brazilian C gasoline were collected over a 6-month period from different gas stations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, and analysed with respect to 12 physicochemical parameters according to regulation 309 of the Brazilian Government Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency (ANP). The percentages (v/v) of hydrocarbons (olefins, aromatics and saturated) were also determined. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was employed to select 150 representative samples that exhibited least similarity on the basis of their physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon compositions. The chromatographic profiles of the selected samples were measured by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection and analysed using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) method in order to create a classification scheme to identify conform gasolines according to ANP 309 regulation. Following the optimisation of the SIMCA algorithm, it was possible to classify correctly 96% of the commercial gasoline samples present in the training set of 100. In order to check the quality of the model, an external group of 50 gasoline samples (the prediction set) were analysed and the developed SIMCA model classified 94% of these correctly. The developed chemometric method is recommended for screening commercial gasoline quality and detection of potential adulteration.
Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB, 2015
&... more <p>O maior problema encontrado na produção de biodiesel pelos processos convencionais de transesterificação está na aquisição de matérias-primas, que devem ser de acidez e teor de umidade reduzidos, característica atendida pelos óleos vegetais refinados, o qual gera um custo elevado e inviabiliza o uso de diversas oleaginosas. O processo de hidroesterificação é a mais moderna alternativa na produção de biodiesel, pois permite o uso de qualquer matéria-prima graxa com teores elevados de acidez (ácidos graxos) e umidade (água); esse processo envolve uma etapa de hidrólise seguida de esterificação. A hidrólise consiste em uma reação química entre a gordura (ou óleo) com a água, gerando glicerina e ácidos graxos. Após a hidrólise, os ácidos graxos gerados são esterificados com metanol/etanol, obtendo-se o metil/etiléster com elevada pureza (biodiesel). Esse artigo traz um estudo da aplicação do processo de hidroesterificação para a produção de biodiesel utilizando óleos brutos, óleo de microalga, óleos residuais e gordura animal. Atuando em uma nova estratégia na cadeia produtiva do biodiesel, visando à solução de obstáculos técnicos, e consequentemente, contribuindo para o aumento do biodiesel na matriz energética e o desenvolvimento econômico e social deste…