Franca Davanzo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Franca Davanzo
Weekly releases (1997–2007), 2006
An integrated epidemiological surveillance and response system was set up for the 2006 Olympic Wi... more An integrated epidemiological surveillance and response system was set up for the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Torino [1] between 1 February
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2001
In the present paper is presented the surveillance system for pesticide-related illnesses propose... more In the present paper is presented the surveillance system for pesticide-related illnesses proposed by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health. Through the collaboration of local or regional poison control centres and local health departments with public hospitals and emergency departments, cases of acute pesticide-related illnesses among persons seeking health care will be registered according to standard procedures. Data collected locally will be transmitted to the Istituto Superiore di Sanità for registration and evaluation of the association between symptoms and type of exposure and for severity of illnesses related to pesticide exposure. These data will be analysed at regular intervals in order to estimate the magnitude of the problem of acute pesticide-related illnesses in Italy and to identify priority areas for implementing public health prevention and intervention programs.
Toxicology Letters, Oct 1, 2015
fasicularis tissues. Preparations of human tonsil, IL-1␣ protein spots and IL-1 protein spots we... more fasicularis tissues. Preparations of human tonsil, IL-1␣ protein spots and IL-1 protein spots were used as controls. Results: Interspecies linear protein alignment of IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP portions of RPH-104 with relevant portions from several species showed high homology with non-human primates (NHP) up to 99.4% and much lower homology with rodents (63-64%). Consequently, RPH-104 has shown much lower inhibitory potency for mouse IL-1b orthologs compared to human and M. rhesus IL-1b orthologs (Kd ≈ 15 pM vs 0.24 pM and 0.61 pM respectively) in the cell-based system. Further in vitro studies have demonstrated that RPH-104 potentially binds to IL-1a and different FcgRIIIa variants. The tissue cross-reactivity study showed good concordance in the staining observed with RPH-104 between human and M. fasicularis tissues. Overall a novel IL-1 Trap has shown potent in vitro activity in inhibition of IL-1b signaling pathway.
Dati epidemiologici relativi alle intossicazioni negli animali domestici hanno dimostrato che i p... more Dati epidemiologici relativi alle intossicazioni negli animali domestici hanno dimostrato che i pesticidi rappresentano una delle classi di maggior frequenza seguita da farmaci, prodotti ad uso domestico, household, e piante (Caloni et al., 2012, Caloni et al., 2013; Caloni et al., 2014). Nel periodo compreso tra 1 gennaio 2012 e 31 dicembre 2013, il Centro Antiveleni di Milano (CAV) ha registrato 222 casi di intossicazione da pesticidi corrispondenti al 39% delle intossicazioni totali. Il cane e risultata la specie maggiormente esposta con l'85,1% di chiamate, seguita dal gatto (11,3%) e altre specie (3,6%). Nell'ambito dei pesticidi gli insetticidi hanno rappresentato il 42%, seguiti dai rodenticidi (26,1%), erbicidi (14,9%), molluschicidi (8,1%) e fungicidi (5,9%). Gli insetticidi maggiormente coinvolti sono risultati i piretroidi (35%) e organofosforati (11%). La frequenza di chiamate relative ai neonicotinoidi (10%), superiori ai carbamati (6%) e organoclorurati (2%), e indicativo di un elevato impiego in ambiente domestico di questi pesticidi. Nell'ambito dei rodenticidi, i composti piu frequentemente responsabili di intossicazione sono stati i rodenticidi anticoagulanti come bromadiolone e brodifacoum. Per quanto riguarda gli erbicidi, responsabili di un numero sempre piu crescente di intossicazioni, sono stati riportati diversi casi di avvelenamento da glifosato (64% delle chiamate), un erbicida ad ampio spettro, largamente impiegato. La metaldeide, e risultata sempre il molluschicida per il quale sono state registrate il maggior numero di chiamate (50%) e per i fungicidi i composti del rame, a seguito di esposizione per via orale, hanno rappresentato il 77% delle intossicazioni. Queste informazioni, da una parte confermano i dati gia riportati in altre indagini (Caloni et al., 2012), dall'altra rivelano un andamento di notevole interesse, riportando un aumento dell'esposizione degli animali domestici ad alcune sostanze (neonicotinoidi, glifosato), rispetto ad altre (organoclorurati), fornendo indicazioni per la valutazione delle intossicazioni in ambito veterinario.
Toxicology Letters, Jun 1, 2012
Issues in toxicology, 2018
Liquid laundry detergent capsules (LLDCs) are single-unit-dose detergents consisting of about 32–... more Liquid laundry detergent capsules (LLDCs) are single-unit-dose detergents consisting of about 32–50 ml of a concentrated detergent mixture encased in a water-soluble membrane. LLDCs are usually brightly coloured and small in size making them very easy for young children to grab and investigate further by biting or squeezing, leading to the membrane bursting and exposure to the capsule contents with potentially harmful consequences. Case reports from paediatric departments and case series studies from European and USA Poison Control Centres (PCs) allowed recognition of LLDCs as an unexpected source of moderate- and high-severity injuries, particularly among young children and provided an informative basis to support the adoption of voluntary and legislative preventive measures to improve consumers' safety. Data reported in the available literature indicate that exposures to LLDCs are more hazardous than exposures to traditional laundry detergents. To address this, EU legislation now requires improvements to the packaging of LLDCs to prevent or minimise accidental exposures in children. Further efforts should be devoted to reducing the intrinsic toxicity of the content of LLDCs and their attractiveness to children.
Objective To document the impact of a TV advertising campaign on safe use of non-prescription vag... more Objective To document the impact of a TV advertising campaign on safe use of non-prescription vaginal preparations in Italy. Design An interrupted time series design with data routinely collected by the National Poison Control Centre of Milan. Analysis of 187 cases of hazardous exposure to benzydamine-containing vaginal preparation occurred from January 2005 to December 2010 (providing five years data for the pre-advertising period, two and a half months data for the advertising period, and ten months data for the post-advertising period) using observed/expected ratios and comparing characteristics of cases in the different periods by means of Pearson's χ 2 test. Results: In the advertising period the observed number of women-related cases was about 23 times higher than expected (22.9, 95% confidence interval 17.6 to 29.2), while men related-case were about four times higher than expected (3.7, 0.8 to 11.0). In the post-advertising period the occurrence of cases was about five times higher than expected (5.1, 3.8 to 6.6) in women and as expected in men. In comparison to the pre-advertising period, the advertising and post-advertising periods were characterized by an increased proportion of exposures due to confusion about the correct administration route (16% v 81 and 55%, respectively), and of cases reporting signs and symptoms related to the exposure (27% v 55 and 42%, respectively). Conclusions: TV advertising of benzidamina-containing vaginal preparations was associated in Italy to a dramatic increase in the occurrence of unintentional oral exposure to these drugs. In particular, the available data showed a short-and long-term misleading effect of the TV message on the correct admistration route. The observations here reported provide an example of how TV advertising can negatively affect safe use of non-prescription drugs, highlighting the need of monitoring reports on therapeutic errors and adverse effects before, during, and after direct to consumer promotion of specific preparations.
Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia, Jul 1, 2007
In 2005, the Italian System for Surveillance of Acute Pesticide-Related Illnesses (SIAF) identifi... more In 2005, the Italian System for Surveillance of Acute Pesticide-Related Illnesses (SIAF) identified 625 cases, among which 520 unintentionally exposed. The majority of these subjects were men (75%) and aged 26-65 years (65%). About 63% of all exposures occurred at work. Severity for these illnesses was low for 94% and moderate for 5%. Four cases were classified as illnesses of high severity. Some 70% of all the reported exposures occurred between May and September. The active ingredients responsible for the largest number of cases were: glyphosate (n. 56), copper sulphate (n. 55), methomyl (n. = 52), metam-sodium (n. 24). Three episodes of collective environmental exposure to soil fumigants involving 23 subjects were also detected.
Updates in Surgery, Sep 13, 2021
Alcohol and drugs misuse represents an important social problem. There is no agreement about infl... more Alcohol and drugs misuse represents an important social problem. There is no agreement about influence of ethanol and drugs on trauma severity and clinical course. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of alcohol and drugs abuse on road related trauma managed to our Level I Trauma Center. Data of 1067 car or motorcycle drivers consecutively admitted in a 5 years period were retrospectively analyzed. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with alcohol and/or drugs misuse and patients without detectable plasmatic levels or not screened because no clinical suspicion of these substance. Demographic data, mechanism of trauma, severity of injury, daily and season time of trauma distribution, alcohol and drugs levels and outcomes were retrieved. Alcohol or drugs misuse were detected in 242 patients. Heavy alcohols levels were the 62.3%. Among drugs cannabis was the most detected substance. These patients were significantly younger than the overall study population (p = 0.011), with a higher ISS (p = 0.012) a lower RTS (p = 0.047), a lower GCS (p = 0.005) and an higher head injuries severity (p = 0.030). Regarding time distribution, Saturday was the day with the highest percentage of trauma associated with substance misuse (21%). Alcohol/drugs misuse plays a very important role in the epidemiology of road related trauma. Despite the higher severity of trauma scores and the higher incidence of severe head injuries in patients with alcohol or drugs consumption, there were no effects of this substances on mortality of injured patients involved in road crashes.
Clinical Toxicology, 2016
Laura Settimi1, Franca Davanzo2, Pietro Carbone1, Fabrizio Sesana2, Carlo Locatelli3, Maria Luisa... more Laura Settimi1, Franca Davanzo2, Pietro Carbone1, Fabrizio Sesana2, Carlo Locatelli3, Maria Luisa Farina4, Pietro Maiozzi1, Paolo Roazzi5, Fabio Maccari5, Luigi Macchi2 e Antonio Fanuzzi6 1Centro Nazionale di Epidemiologia, Sorveglianza e Promozione della Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma 2Centro Antiveleni di Milano 3Centro Antiveleni di Pavia 4Centro Antiveleni di Bergamo 5Settore Informatico (SIDBAE), Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma 6Direzione Generale Sanita, Regione Lombardia Inserto BEN Bollettino Epidemiologico Nazionale
Poisoning as result of plant ingestion has been shown to be a relatively common occurrence in dom... more Poisoning as result of plant ingestion has been shown to be a relatively common occurrence in domestic animals (Caloni et al., 2013; Cortinovis and Caloni, 2013). The present study reports a retrospective analysis of all cases of animal exposure to plants referred to the Milan Poison Control Centre (MPCC) between January 2012 and December 2013. MPCC registered 54 plant exposure cases involving domestic animals, which corresponds to 9.1% of all animal poisoning cases recorded (593) over the 2012-2013 period. According to the data collected, dogs were the most commonly poisoned species (70.4% of calls) followed by cats (22.2%). Calls related to other species were much fewer in comparison and involved cattle, geese, goats and horses (1.9% each). Most of the cases were related to accidental ingestion of common household and garden plants. The plants most frequently involved were Nerium oleander (13%), Cycas revoluta (13%), Hydrangea spp. (5.6%) and Euphorbia pulcherrima (5.6%). The outcome was reported in 70.4% of cases, and fatal poisoning accounted for 7.4% of these cases. Death occurred after ingestion of Nerium oleander by a horse, a cow and a goose and Actaea spp. by a dog. In conclusion, epidemiological data from MPCC provide useful information on animal exposure to plants and confirm the importance of plants as causative agents of animal poisoning. Finally, the importance of an accurate identification of the plant involved, which often requires recognition of the scientific and common names by a qualified person, must be underlined
Weekly releases (1997–2007), 2006
An integrated epidemiological surveillance and response system was set up for the 2006 Olympic Wi... more An integrated epidemiological surveillance and response system was set up for the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Torino [1] between 1 February
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2001
In the present paper is presented the surveillance system for pesticide-related illnesses propose... more In the present paper is presented the surveillance system for pesticide-related illnesses proposed by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health. Through the collaboration of local or regional poison control centres and local health departments with public hospitals and emergency departments, cases of acute pesticide-related illnesses among persons seeking health care will be registered according to standard procedures. Data collected locally will be transmitted to the Istituto Superiore di Sanità for registration and evaluation of the association between symptoms and type of exposure and for severity of illnesses related to pesticide exposure. These data will be analysed at regular intervals in order to estimate the magnitude of the problem of acute pesticide-related illnesses in Italy and to identify priority areas for implementing public health prevention and intervention programs.
Toxicology Letters, Oct 1, 2015
fasicularis tissues. Preparations of human tonsil, IL-1␣ protein spots and IL-1 protein spots we... more fasicularis tissues. Preparations of human tonsil, IL-1␣ protein spots and IL-1 protein spots were used as controls. Results: Interspecies linear protein alignment of IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP portions of RPH-104 with relevant portions from several species showed high homology with non-human primates (NHP) up to 99.4% and much lower homology with rodents (63-64%). Consequently, RPH-104 has shown much lower inhibitory potency for mouse IL-1b orthologs compared to human and M. rhesus IL-1b orthologs (Kd ≈ 15 pM vs 0.24 pM and 0.61 pM respectively) in the cell-based system. Further in vitro studies have demonstrated that RPH-104 potentially binds to IL-1a and different FcgRIIIa variants. The tissue cross-reactivity study showed good concordance in the staining observed with RPH-104 between human and M. fasicularis tissues. Overall a novel IL-1 Trap has shown potent in vitro activity in inhibition of IL-1b signaling pathway.
Dati epidemiologici relativi alle intossicazioni negli animali domestici hanno dimostrato che i p... more Dati epidemiologici relativi alle intossicazioni negli animali domestici hanno dimostrato che i pesticidi rappresentano una delle classi di maggior frequenza seguita da farmaci, prodotti ad uso domestico, household, e piante (Caloni et al., 2012, Caloni et al., 2013; Caloni et al., 2014). Nel periodo compreso tra 1 gennaio 2012 e 31 dicembre 2013, il Centro Antiveleni di Milano (CAV) ha registrato 222 casi di intossicazione da pesticidi corrispondenti al 39% delle intossicazioni totali. Il cane e risultata la specie maggiormente esposta con l'85,1% di chiamate, seguita dal gatto (11,3%) e altre specie (3,6%). Nell'ambito dei pesticidi gli insetticidi hanno rappresentato il 42%, seguiti dai rodenticidi (26,1%), erbicidi (14,9%), molluschicidi (8,1%) e fungicidi (5,9%). Gli insetticidi maggiormente coinvolti sono risultati i piretroidi (35%) e organofosforati (11%). La frequenza di chiamate relative ai neonicotinoidi (10%), superiori ai carbamati (6%) e organoclorurati (2%), e indicativo di un elevato impiego in ambiente domestico di questi pesticidi. Nell'ambito dei rodenticidi, i composti piu frequentemente responsabili di intossicazione sono stati i rodenticidi anticoagulanti come bromadiolone e brodifacoum. Per quanto riguarda gli erbicidi, responsabili di un numero sempre piu crescente di intossicazioni, sono stati riportati diversi casi di avvelenamento da glifosato (64% delle chiamate), un erbicida ad ampio spettro, largamente impiegato. La metaldeide, e risultata sempre il molluschicida per il quale sono state registrate il maggior numero di chiamate (50%) e per i fungicidi i composti del rame, a seguito di esposizione per via orale, hanno rappresentato il 77% delle intossicazioni. Queste informazioni, da una parte confermano i dati gia riportati in altre indagini (Caloni et al., 2012), dall'altra rivelano un andamento di notevole interesse, riportando un aumento dell'esposizione degli animali domestici ad alcune sostanze (neonicotinoidi, glifosato), rispetto ad altre (organoclorurati), fornendo indicazioni per la valutazione delle intossicazioni in ambito veterinario.
Toxicology Letters, Jun 1, 2012
Issues in toxicology, 2018
Liquid laundry detergent capsules (LLDCs) are single-unit-dose detergents consisting of about 32–... more Liquid laundry detergent capsules (LLDCs) are single-unit-dose detergents consisting of about 32–50 ml of a concentrated detergent mixture encased in a water-soluble membrane. LLDCs are usually brightly coloured and small in size making them very easy for young children to grab and investigate further by biting or squeezing, leading to the membrane bursting and exposure to the capsule contents with potentially harmful consequences. Case reports from paediatric departments and case series studies from European and USA Poison Control Centres (PCs) allowed recognition of LLDCs as an unexpected source of moderate- and high-severity injuries, particularly among young children and provided an informative basis to support the adoption of voluntary and legislative preventive measures to improve consumers' safety. Data reported in the available literature indicate that exposures to LLDCs are more hazardous than exposures to traditional laundry detergents. To address this, EU legislation now requires improvements to the packaging of LLDCs to prevent or minimise accidental exposures in children. Further efforts should be devoted to reducing the intrinsic toxicity of the content of LLDCs and their attractiveness to children.
Objective To document the impact of a TV advertising campaign on safe use of non-prescription vag... more Objective To document the impact of a TV advertising campaign on safe use of non-prescription vaginal preparations in Italy. Design An interrupted time series design with data routinely collected by the National Poison Control Centre of Milan. Analysis of 187 cases of hazardous exposure to benzydamine-containing vaginal preparation occurred from January 2005 to December 2010 (providing five years data for the pre-advertising period, two and a half months data for the advertising period, and ten months data for the post-advertising period) using observed/expected ratios and comparing characteristics of cases in the different periods by means of Pearson's χ 2 test. Results: In the advertising period the observed number of women-related cases was about 23 times higher than expected (22.9, 95% confidence interval 17.6 to 29.2), while men related-case were about four times higher than expected (3.7, 0.8 to 11.0). In the post-advertising period the occurrence of cases was about five times higher than expected (5.1, 3.8 to 6.6) in women and as expected in men. In comparison to the pre-advertising period, the advertising and post-advertising periods were characterized by an increased proportion of exposures due to confusion about the correct administration route (16% v 81 and 55%, respectively), and of cases reporting signs and symptoms related to the exposure (27% v 55 and 42%, respectively). Conclusions: TV advertising of benzidamina-containing vaginal preparations was associated in Italy to a dramatic increase in the occurrence of unintentional oral exposure to these drugs. In particular, the available data showed a short-and long-term misleading effect of the TV message on the correct admistration route. The observations here reported provide an example of how TV advertising can negatively affect safe use of non-prescription drugs, highlighting the need of monitoring reports on therapeutic errors and adverse effects before, during, and after direct to consumer promotion of specific preparations.
Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia, Jul 1, 2007
In 2005, the Italian System for Surveillance of Acute Pesticide-Related Illnesses (SIAF) identifi... more In 2005, the Italian System for Surveillance of Acute Pesticide-Related Illnesses (SIAF) identified 625 cases, among which 520 unintentionally exposed. The majority of these subjects were men (75%) and aged 26-65 years (65%). About 63% of all exposures occurred at work. Severity for these illnesses was low for 94% and moderate for 5%. Four cases were classified as illnesses of high severity. Some 70% of all the reported exposures occurred between May and September. The active ingredients responsible for the largest number of cases were: glyphosate (n. 56), copper sulphate (n. 55), methomyl (n. = 52), metam-sodium (n. 24). Three episodes of collective environmental exposure to soil fumigants involving 23 subjects were also detected.
Updates in Surgery, Sep 13, 2021
Alcohol and drugs misuse represents an important social problem. There is no agreement about infl... more Alcohol and drugs misuse represents an important social problem. There is no agreement about influence of ethanol and drugs on trauma severity and clinical course. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of alcohol and drugs abuse on road related trauma managed to our Level I Trauma Center. Data of 1067 car or motorcycle drivers consecutively admitted in a 5 years period were retrospectively analyzed. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with alcohol and/or drugs misuse and patients without detectable plasmatic levels or not screened because no clinical suspicion of these substance. Demographic data, mechanism of trauma, severity of injury, daily and season time of trauma distribution, alcohol and drugs levels and outcomes were retrieved. Alcohol or drugs misuse were detected in 242 patients. Heavy alcohols levels were the 62.3%. Among drugs cannabis was the most detected substance. These patients were significantly younger than the overall study population (p = 0.011), with a higher ISS (p = 0.012) a lower RTS (p = 0.047), a lower GCS (p = 0.005) and an higher head injuries severity (p = 0.030). Regarding time distribution, Saturday was the day with the highest percentage of trauma associated with substance misuse (21%). Alcohol/drugs misuse plays a very important role in the epidemiology of road related trauma. Despite the higher severity of trauma scores and the higher incidence of severe head injuries in patients with alcohol or drugs consumption, there were no effects of this substances on mortality of injured patients involved in road crashes.
Clinical Toxicology, 2016
Laura Settimi1, Franca Davanzo2, Pietro Carbone1, Fabrizio Sesana2, Carlo Locatelli3, Maria Luisa... more Laura Settimi1, Franca Davanzo2, Pietro Carbone1, Fabrizio Sesana2, Carlo Locatelli3, Maria Luisa Farina4, Pietro Maiozzi1, Paolo Roazzi5, Fabio Maccari5, Luigi Macchi2 e Antonio Fanuzzi6 1Centro Nazionale di Epidemiologia, Sorveglianza e Promozione della Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma 2Centro Antiveleni di Milano 3Centro Antiveleni di Pavia 4Centro Antiveleni di Bergamo 5Settore Informatico (SIDBAE), Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma 6Direzione Generale Sanita, Regione Lombardia Inserto BEN Bollettino Epidemiologico Nazionale
Poisoning as result of plant ingestion has been shown to be a relatively common occurrence in dom... more Poisoning as result of plant ingestion has been shown to be a relatively common occurrence in domestic animals (Caloni et al., 2013; Cortinovis and Caloni, 2013). The present study reports a retrospective analysis of all cases of animal exposure to plants referred to the Milan Poison Control Centre (MPCC) between January 2012 and December 2013. MPCC registered 54 plant exposure cases involving domestic animals, which corresponds to 9.1% of all animal poisoning cases recorded (593) over the 2012-2013 period. According to the data collected, dogs were the most commonly poisoned species (70.4% of calls) followed by cats (22.2%). Calls related to other species were much fewer in comparison and involved cattle, geese, goats and horses (1.9% each). Most of the cases were related to accidental ingestion of common household and garden plants. The plants most frequently involved were Nerium oleander (13%), Cycas revoluta (13%), Hydrangea spp. (5.6%) and Euphorbia pulcherrima (5.6%). The outcome was reported in 70.4% of cases, and fatal poisoning accounted for 7.4% of these cases. Death occurred after ingestion of Nerium oleander by a horse, a cow and a goose and Actaea spp. by a dog. In conclusion, epidemiological data from MPCC provide useful information on animal exposure to plants and confirm the importance of plants as causative agents of animal poisoning. Finally, the importance of an accurate identification of the plant involved, which often requires recognition of the scientific and common names by a qualified person, must be underlined