Dave Harris - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dave Harris
Summary Nine-week-old New Zealand White rabbits had higher (P<.05) live weight, dressed weight... more Summary Nine-week-old New Zealand White rabbits had higher (P<.05) live weight, dressed weight and abdominal fat when fed 54% alfalfa com- pared with 28 or 74% alfalfa diet. Total mois- ture (74%) in raw rabbit thigh muscle was higher (P<.05) for the group fed 74% than the group fed 54% alfalfa. Expressible moisture index (.370 to .454), total protein (22%),
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2001
... Acid fumigation of soils to remove carbonates prior to total organic carbon or CARBON-13 isot... more ... Acid fumigation of soils to remove carbonates prior to total organic carbon or CARBON-13 isotopic analysis. David Harris a ,; William R. Horwáth b and; Chris van Kessel * c. a Stable Isotope Lab., Univ. of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 b Dep. ...
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005
The net flux of soil C is determined by the balance between soil C input and microbial decomposit... more The net flux of soil C is determined by the balance between soil C input and microbial decomposition, both of which might be altered under prolonged elevated atmospheric CO 2 . In this study, we determined the effect of elevated CO 2 on decomposition of grass root material (Lolium perenne L.). 14 C-labeled root material, produced under ambient (35 Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2 (70 Pa pCO 2 ) was incubated in soil for 64 days. The soils were taken from a pasture ecosystem which had been exposed to ambient (35 Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2 (60 Pa pCO 2 ) under FACE-conditions for 10 years and two fertilizer N rates: 140 and 560 kg N ha K1 year K1 . In soil exposed to elevated CO 2 , decomposition rates of root material grown at either ambient or elevated CO 2 were always lower than in the control soil exposed to ambient CO 2 , demonstrating a change in microbial activity. In the soil that received the high rate of N fertilizer, decomposition of root material grown at elevated CO 2 decreased by approximately 17% after incubation for 64 days compared to root material grown at ambient CO 2 . The amount of 14 CO 2 respired per amount of 14 C incorporated in the microbial biomass (q 14 CO 2 ) was significantly lower when roots were grown under high CO 2 compared to roots grown under low CO 2 . We hypothesize that this decrease is the result of a shift in the microbial community, causing an increase in metabolic efficiency. Soils exposed to elevated CO 2 tended to respire more native SOC, both with and without the addition of the root material, probably resulting from a higher C supply to the soil during the 10 years of treatment with elevated CO 2 . The results show the importance of using soils adapted to elevated CO 2 in studies of decomposition of roots grown under elevated CO 2 . Our results further suggest that negative priming effects may obscure CO 2 data in incubation experiments with unlabeled substrates. From the results obtained, we conclude that a slower turnover of root material grown in an 'elevated-CO 2 world' may result in a limited net increase in C storage in ryegrass swards. q
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2009
Faba beans cv. Fiesta with seed moisture content (SMC) modified to 8, 10, 12 and 14% were packed ... more Faba beans cv. Fiesta with seed moisture content (SMC) modified to 8, 10, 12 and 14% were packed in polyethylene lined aluminium foil bags and stored at 5,15, 20, 25, 30, 37, 45, 50 or 60 C (AE 2 C) for one year. Samples were analysed for moisture content and seed coat (testa) colour over the storage period using a chroma meter. A continuous increase in L * and b * values was found in all samples with the passage of time whereas a * values first increased and then decreased in samples stored at relatively high temperatures (! 37 C). The initial beige testa colour changed to light brown, dark reddish-brown or almost black depending on storage conditions. The higher the temperature and SMC the faster the rate of change in colour (6E ab * values). Seeds with 8% SMC had more stable testa colour compared to seeds with higher SMC.
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2008
Selected physical and chemical characteristics of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) cv. Fiesta were stud... more Selected physical and chemical characteristics of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) cv. Fiesta were studied after 12 months storage at 5, 15, 25, 37, 45 or 50 1C (72 1C) in relation to the hard-to-cook phenomenon. In comparison with control (seeds stored at 5 1C), seeds stored at 15 and 25 1C demonstrated non-significant (pp0.05) changes in most of the physical and chemical characteristics including hydration and swelling coefficients, acid detergent fibre, lignin and tannin contents, whereas seeds stored at X37 1C demonstrated significant changes (pp0.05). Solutes and electrolytes leaching after 18 h soaking substantially increased with increased temperature. Faba bean hardness tested by the hard-to-cook test also increased substantially with increased storage temperature. After 8 h soaking followed by 2 h cooking, the puncture force required for seeds stored at 5 1C was 3.3 N seed À1 whereas seeds stored at 50 1C required a much higher puncture force of 15.2 N seed À1 . There was a high negative correlation (r 2 ¼ 0.98) between storage temperature and cooking ability of faba bean. Substantial increases in acid detergent fibre and lignin contents occurred with increased storage temperatures. There was a three-fold increase in lignin content of faba bean stored at 50 1C compared to those stored at 5 1C and it was correlated with bean hardness (r 2 ¼ 0.98). Storage at high temperatures for 12 months led to a substantial reduction in total free phenolics especially in the testa and there was a greater reduction with increasing storage temperature. Reduction in free phenolics was negatively correlated (r 2 ¼ 0.75) with bean hardness.
Times Educational Supplement, 1975
... Title: Open to Martha, closed to Mary. Authors: Harris, Dave; Holmes, John. Descriptors: Curr... more ... Title: Open to Martha, closed to Mary. Authors: Harris, Dave; Holmes, John. Descriptors: Curriculum Design; Educational Experience; Educational Practices; Educational Technology; External Degree Programs; Program Evaluation; Student Development; Student Interests. ...
Liver Transplantation, 2008
The factors that influence the long-term histological outcome of transplanted liver allografts in... more The factors that influence the long-term histological outcome of transplanted liver allografts in children are not yet fully understood, and the role of surveillance biopsies in patients with normal graft function remains controversial. The aims of this study were to describe the long-term graft histology of pediatric liver transplant recipients surviving at least 3 years and to analyze factors correlating with long-term histological outcome. Histological slides of 63 long-term liver transplant recipients were assessed for inflammation and fibrosis. The histological findings were correlated with clinical, biochemical, serological, and radiological findings. A significant proportion of biopsies from these patients showed some type of histological abnormalities, with fibrosis being observed in 61 (97%) patients. Duration of transplantation of &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;6 years and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =grade 2 inflammation were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis. We could not identify any correlation between &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =stage 3 fibrosis and donor age, cold and warm ischemia time, history of de novo autoimmune hepatitis, hepatic artery thrombosis, chronic rejection, or alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase values. In conclusion, liver fibrosis appears to be a common finding in long-term pediatric liver transplant survivors. The cause of this fibrosis is uncertain, and normal alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels do not exclude the presence of significant fibrosis.
Language Resources and Evaluation, 2010
SpatialML is an annotation scheme for marking up references to places in natural language. It cov... more SpatialML is an annotation scheme for marking up references to places in natural language. It covers both named and nominal references to places, grounding them where possible with geo-coordinates, and characterizes relationships among places in terms of a region calculus. A freely available annotation editor has been developed for SpatialML, along with several annotated corpora. Inter-annotator agreement on SpatialML extents is 91.3 F-measure on a corpus of SpatialML-annotated ACE documents released by the Linguistic Data Consortium.
Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600), 2002
Game-theoretic models provide a rigorous mathematical modelling framework, but tractability consi... more Game-theoretic models provide a rigorous mathematical modelling framework, but tractability considerations keep them simple. In contrast, Evolutionary Simulation Models (ESMs) may be complex, but can lack rigour. We demonstrate that careful synthesis of the two techniques provides improved insights into the processes underlying the evolution of cooperative signalling systems. 0-7803-7282-4/02/$10.00 ©2002 IEEE 0 V CH V CL=CH Area in which honest signalling is stable Ephemeral honest signalling
Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 2011
Several studies have looked at the relative importance of habitat association of tree species in ... more Several studies have looked at the relative importance of habitat association of tree species in maintaining tropical tree species diversity at a variety of scales including the importance of edaphic factors. The objective of this study was to test hypotheses on the distribution of important timber species in relation to topographic position and soil chemical parameters. Tree species from a Central African rain forest were selected within a 100-ha plot in southwestern Central Africa Republic. Individuals of Lovoa trichilioides, Nesogordonia papaverifera, Pterocarpus soyauxii, Terminalia superba ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) were inventoried then mapped to topography using a survey laser. A torus translation was performed to test for associations between tree species distribution and topographic position as well as soil mineral nutrients for three of the four species. Trees ≥ 30 cm dbh of all three species showed no association with topographic position. However, the distribution of T. superba was significantly associated with high concentrations of soil mineral nutrients. Evidence from mineral nutrient levels indicates that extrapolating topography to define habitat and soil type can be very misleading. Because many of Central Africa's most important timber species have distributions linked to edaphic factors, it is clear that soils must be considered equally as much as topographic position for management plans of logging concessions within Central African tropical forests.
Information processing and transformation in support of operations in combat environments have ev... more Information processing and transformation in support of operations in combat environments have evolved well beyond the capabilities of classic deductive- inductive information systems. Unconventional warfare, and modern terrorism operate under conditions that do not lend themselves to pattern recognition techniques. The effort at Sandia National Laboratories is approaching the problem from an adaptive decision aid perspective in which new technologies
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2007
... They were provided the required chickpea seed (BARI chola 5 to be sown at 45 kg ha1), sachet... more ... They were provided the required chickpea seed (BARI chola 5 to be sown at 45 kg ha1), sachets of sodium molyb-date (at 1.5 g per kg seed, as laboratory tests showed that this rate was not toxic to ... 754 Johansen, Musa, Kumar Rao, Harris, Ali, Shahidullah, Lauren ...
The decrease in costs of both digital storage space and computation power invites new methods of ... more The decrease in costs of both digital storage space and computation power invites new methods of seismic data processing. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL) we operate a growing research database of seismic events and waveforms for nuclear explosion monitoring and other applications. Currently the LLNL database contains several million events associated with tens of millions of waveforms at thousands of stations. We are making use of this database to explore the power of seismic waveform correlation to quantify signal similarities, to discover new events not in catalogs, and to more accurately locate events and identify source types. Building on the very efficient correlation methodologies of Harris and Dodge (2011) we computed the waveform correlation for event pairs in the LLNL database in two ways. First we performed entire waveform cross-correlation over seven distinct frequency bands. The correlation coefficient exceeds 0.6 for more than 40 million waveform pairs f...
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2000
Forest Ecology and Management, 2003
The forests of Central Africa enjoy world-wide recognition for their spectacular wildlife and als... more The forests of Central Africa enjoy world-wide recognition for their spectacular wildlife and also harbor an abundance of high quality timber. With mismanagement and the conversion of large tracts of West African forest to agricultural production, Central African forests are experiencing increased harvesting pressures. This is particularly true for species of African mahogany (Entandrophragma spp.).
ldeo.columbia.edu, Jul 13, 2005
We concluded comprehensive ground truth collection at the Khibiny, Olenegorsk, Kovdor, and Zapoly... more We concluded comprehensive ground truth collection at the Khibiny, Olenegorsk, Kovdor, and Zapolyarnyi mines, and have basic information on 2,052 explosions. In the past two years we used this ground truth information to extract waveform data from the ARCES array and a number of regional stations (KEV, LVZ, APA) as well as from six stations that we deployed along two lines stretching between the Khibiny Massif mines and the region around the ARCES array. We calculated P/S ratios using the ...
Field Crops Research, 2007
When explicit measures are taken to account for the needs of clients (farmers and consumers) it r... more When explicit measures are taken to account for the needs of clients (farmers and consumers) it results in highly client-oriented breeding. This involves the participation of farmers to specify the design of desirable varieties and, once they are produced, their testing without delay with the target clients in the target environments. The term highly client-oriented breeding (COB) explains the purpose of farmer involvement -the deliberate achievement of a high degree of client orientation -rather than simply explaining the process of farmers participating in plant breeding (participatory plant breeding). Client-oriented breeding is sometimes based on the preferences of relatively few farmers in a small area, so a possible drawback is that it will produce varieties that are too locally adapted. We describe the testing of varieties in the High Barind Tract (HBT) of Bangladesh from a COB programme carried out in Chitwan district, Nepal. The two best lines, Judi 582 and Judi 567, yielded 19-50% more during the T. Aman season and 106% more during the Aus season than check varieties in the HBT. Research to determine farmers' preferences and adoption consistently showed these varieties were preferred over all available alternatives. The new varieties were broadly adapted as they were superior in all the three rice-growing seasons over varying levels of inputs. This broad adaptation could be explained by the breeding method: the generations were advanced in two contrasting seasons and each generation was grown on a different farmer's field under different management and planting dates. Because the segregating generations were grown under moderate and fluctuating levels of nitrogen, it is to be expected that genotypes with good nitrogen use efficiency will be selected that can also respond to added nitrogen. Overall, the cost-effectiveness of COB was high as it produced widely adapted genotypes from a small breeding programme, and knowledge of farmers' preferences increased the efficiency of targeting new germplasm. #
Field Crops Research, 2007
The effect of adding zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) to maize (Zea mays L.) growing on calcareous, Zn def... more The effect of adding zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) to maize (Zea mays L.) growing on calcareous, Zn deficient soils in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan was assessed in vitro, on-station and in on-farm trials. The zinc sulphate was added either as a powder to the soil or by soaking seeds for 16 h in dilute solutions prior to sowing. For the first time in maize, we separated the benefits of priming simply with water from those provided by added zinc.
Experimental Agriculture, 2001
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a promising post-wet-season crop to follow rainfed rice (Oryza sati... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a promising post-wet-season crop to follow rainfed rice (Oryza sativa) in the High Barind Tract of northwestern Bangladesh. Yields in farmers' ®elds, however, remain low (<1 t ha 71 ) primarily due to such factors as poor crop establishment, late sowing, and terminal drought and heat stress. Having been shown to improve plant stand and yield of chickpea in other environments, seed priming ± soaking the seed overnight before surface drying and sowing the next day ± was tested for its ef®cacy under Barind conditions.
Experimental Agriculture, 1999
Poor crop establishment was identi®ed as a major constraint on rainfed crop production by farmers... more Poor crop establishment was identi®ed as a major constraint on rainfed crop production by farmers in the tribal villages of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh served by the Krishak Bharati Cooperative (KRIBHCO) Indo-British Rainfed Farming Project (KRIBP). On-farm seed priming with water was chosen as a low cost, low risk intervention appropriate to the farmers' needs. In vitro screening of the eects of priming on the germination of seeds of local and improved varieties of maize, upland rice and chickpea provided`safe limits' ± the maximum length of time for which farmers should prime seeds and which, if exceeded, could lead to seed or seedling damage. Recommended safe limits were 24 h for maize and rice and 10 h for chickpea, with only minor varietal dierences. These recommendations were then tested in on-station trials in Dahod, Gujarat. Farmer-managed trials were conducted for chickpea in three villages in the rabi (post-monsoon) season in 1995±96; for maize and upland rice in eight villages in the kharif (monsoon) season in 1996; and for maize and chickpea in 15 villages in the 1996±97 rabi season. Farmers modi®ed these recommendations to`overnight' for all three crops. Evaluation of the technology by farmers involved focus group discussions, matrix ranking exercises and two workshops.
Summary Nine-week-old New Zealand White rabbits had higher (P<.05) live weight, dressed weight... more Summary Nine-week-old New Zealand White rabbits had higher (P<.05) live weight, dressed weight and abdominal fat when fed 54% alfalfa com- pared with 28 or 74% alfalfa diet. Total mois- ture (74%) in raw rabbit thigh muscle was higher (P<.05) for the group fed 74% than the group fed 54% alfalfa. Expressible moisture index (.370 to .454), total protein (22%),
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2001
... Acid fumigation of soils to remove carbonates prior to total organic carbon or CARBON-13 isot... more ... Acid fumigation of soils to remove carbonates prior to total organic carbon or CARBON-13 isotopic analysis. David Harris a ,; William R. Horwáth b and; Chris van Kessel * c. a Stable Isotope Lab., Univ. of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 b Dep. ...
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005
The net flux of soil C is determined by the balance between soil C input and microbial decomposit... more The net flux of soil C is determined by the balance between soil C input and microbial decomposition, both of which might be altered under prolonged elevated atmospheric CO 2 . In this study, we determined the effect of elevated CO 2 on decomposition of grass root material (Lolium perenne L.). 14 C-labeled root material, produced under ambient (35 Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2 (70 Pa pCO 2 ) was incubated in soil for 64 days. The soils were taken from a pasture ecosystem which had been exposed to ambient (35 Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2 (60 Pa pCO 2 ) under FACE-conditions for 10 years and two fertilizer N rates: 140 and 560 kg N ha K1 year K1 . In soil exposed to elevated CO 2 , decomposition rates of root material grown at either ambient or elevated CO 2 were always lower than in the control soil exposed to ambient CO 2 , demonstrating a change in microbial activity. In the soil that received the high rate of N fertilizer, decomposition of root material grown at elevated CO 2 decreased by approximately 17% after incubation for 64 days compared to root material grown at ambient CO 2 . The amount of 14 CO 2 respired per amount of 14 C incorporated in the microbial biomass (q 14 CO 2 ) was significantly lower when roots were grown under high CO 2 compared to roots grown under low CO 2 . We hypothesize that this decrease is the result of a shift in the microbial community, causing an increase in metabolic efficiency. Soils exposed to elevated CO 2 tended to respire more native SOC, both with and without the addition of the root material, probably resulting from a higher C supply to the soil during the 10 years of treatment with elevated CO 2 . The results show the importance of using soils adapted to elevated CO 2 in studies of decomposition of roots grown under elevated CO 2 . Our results further suggest that negative priming effects may obscure CO 2 data in incubation experiments with unlabeled substrates. From the results obtained, we conclude that a slower turnover of root material grown in an 'elevated-CO 2 world' may result in a limited net increase in C storage in ryegrass swards. q
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2009
Faba beans cv. Fiesta with seed moisture content (SMC) modified to 8, 10, 12 and 14% were packed ... more Faba beans cv. Fiesta with seed moisture content (SMC) modified to 8, 10, 12 and 14% were packed in polyethylene lined aluminium foil bags and stored at 5,15, 20, 25, 30, 37, 45, 50 or 60 C (AE 2 C) for one year. Samples were analysed for moisture content and seed coat (testa) colour over the storage period using a chroma meter. A continuous increase in L * and b * values was found in all samples with the passage of time whereas a * values first increased and then decreased in samples stored at relatively high temperatures (! 37 C). The initial beige testa colour changed to light brown, dark reddish-brown or almost black depending on storage conditions. The higher the temperature and SMC the faster the rate of change in colour (6E ab * values). Seeds with 8% SMC had more stable testa colour compared to seeds with higher SMC.
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2008
Selected physical and chemical characteristics of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) cv. Fiesta were stud... more Selected physical and chemical characteristics of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) cv. Fiesta were studied after 12 months storage at 5, 15, 25, 37, 45 or 50 1C (72 1C) in relation to the hard-to-cook phenomenon. In comparison with control (seeds stored at 5 1C), seeds stored at 15 and 25 1C demonstrated non-significant (pp0.05) changes in most of the physical and chemical characteristics including hydration and swelling coefficients, acid detergent fibre, lignin and tannin contents, whereas seeds stored at X37 1C demonstrated significant changes (pp0.05). Solutes and electrolytes leaching after 18 h soaking substantially increased with increased temperature. Faba bean hardness tested by the hard-to-cook test also increased substantially with increased storage temperature. After 8 h soaking followed by 2 h cooking, the puncture force required for seeds stored at 5 1C was 3.3 N seed À1 whereas seeds stored at 50 1C required a much higher puncture force of 15.2 N seed À1 . There was a high negative correlation (r 2 ¼ 0.98) between storage temperature and cooking ability of faba bean. Substantial increases in acid detergent fibre and lignin contents occurred with increased storage temperatures. There was a three-fold increase in lignin content of faba bean stored at 50 1C compared to those stored at 5 1C and it was correlated with bean hardness (r 2 ¼ 0.98). Storage at high temperatures for 12 months led to a substantial reduction in total free phenolics especially in the testa and there was a greater reduction with increasing storage temperature. Reduction in free phenolics was negatively correlated (r 2 ¼ 0.75) with bean hardness.
Times Educational Supplement, 1975
... Title: Open to Martha, closed to Mary. Authors: Harris, Dave; Holmes, John. Descriptors: Curr... more ... Title: Open to Martha, closed to Mary. Authors: Harris, Dave; Holmes, John. Descriptors: Curriculum Design; Educational Experience; Educational Practices; Educational Technology; External Degree Programs; Program Evaluation; Student Development; Student Interests. ...
Liver Transplantation, 2008
The factors that influence the long-term histological outcome of transplanted liver allografts in... more The factors that influence the long-term histological outcome of transplanted liver allografts in children are not yet fully understood, and the role of surveillance biopsies in patients with normal graft function remains controversial. The aims of this study were to describe the long-term graft histology of pediatric liver transplant recipients surviving at least 3 years and to analyze factors correlating with long-term histological outcome. Histological slides of 63 long-term liver transplant recipients were assessed for inflammation and fibrosis. The histological findings were correlated with clinical, biochemical, serological, and radiological findings. A significant proportion of biopsies from these patients showed some type of histological abnormalities, with fibrosis being observed in 61 (97%) patients. Duration of transplantation of &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;6 years and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =grade 2 inflammation were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis. We could not identify any correlation between &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =stage 3 fibrosis and donor age, cold and warm ischemia time, history of de novo autoimmune hepatitis, hepatic artery thrombosis, chronic rejection, or alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase values. In conclusion, liver fibrosis appears to be a common finding in long-term pediatric liver transplant survivors. The cause of this fibrosis is uncertain, and normal alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels do not exclude the presence of significant fibrosis.
Language Resources and Evaluation, 2010
SpatialML is an annotation scheme for marking up references to places in natural language. It cov... more SpatialML is an annotation scheme for marking up references to places in natural language. It covers both named and nominal references to places, grounding them where possible with geo-coordinates, and characterizes relationships among places in terms of a region calculus. A freely available annotation editor has been developed for SpatialML, along with several annotated corpora. Inter-annotator agreement on SpatialML extents is 91.3 F-measure on a corpus of SpatialML-annotated ACE documents released by the Linguistic Data Consortium.
Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600), 2002
Game-theoretic models provide a rigorous mathematical modelling framework, but tractability consi... more Game-theoretic models provide a rigorous mathematical modelling framework, but tractability considerations keep them simple. In contrast, Evolutionary Simulation Models (ESMs) may be complex, but can lack rigour. We demonstrate that careful synthesis of the two techniques provides improved insights into the processes underlying the evolution of cooperative signalling systems. 0-7803-7282-4/02/$10.00 ©2002 IEEE 0 V CH V CL=CH Area in which honest signalling is stable Ephemeral honest signalling
Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 2011
Several studies have looked at the relative importance of habitat association of tree species in ... more Several studies have looked at the relative importance of habitat association of tree species in maintaining tropical tree species diversity at a variety of scales including the importance of edaphic factors. The objective of this study was to test hypotheses on the distribution of important timber species in relation to topographic position and soil chemical parameters. Tree species from a Central African rain forest were selected within a 100-ha plot in southwestern Central Africa Republic. Individuals of Lovoa trichilioides, Nesogordonia papaverifera, Pterocarpus soyauxii, Terminalia superba ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) were inventoried then mapped to topography using a survey laser. A torus translation was performed to test for associations between tree species distribution and topographic position as well as soil mineral nutrients for three of the four species. Trees ≥ 30 cm dbh of all three species showed no association with topographic position. However, the distribution of T. superba was significantly associated with high concentrations of soil mineral nutrients. Evidence from mineral nutrient levels indicates that extrapolating topography to define habitat and soil type can be very misleading. Because many of Central Africa's most important timber species have distributions linked to edaphic factors, it is clear that soils must be considered equally as much as topographic position for management plans of logging concessions within Central African tropical forests.
Information processing and transformation in support of operations in combat environments have ev... more Information processing and transformation in support of operations in combat environments have evolved well beyond the capabilities of classic deductive- inductive information systems. Unconventional warfare, and modern terrorism operate under conditions that do not lend themselves to pattern recognition techniques. The effort at Sandia National Laboratories is approaching the problem from an adaptive decision aid perspective in which new technologies
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2007
... They were provided the required chickpea seed (BARI chola 5 to be sown at 45 kg ha1), sachet... more ... They were provided the required chickpea seed (BARI chola 5 to be sown at 45 kg ha1), sachets of sodium molyb-date (at 1.5 g per kg seed, as laboratory tests showed that this rate was not toxic to ... 754 Johansen, Musa, Kumar Rao, Harris, Ali, Shahidullah, Lauren ...
The decrease in costs of both digital storage space and computation power invites new methods of ... more The decrease in costs of both digital storage space and computation power invites new methods of seismic data processing. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL) we operate a growing research database of seismic events and waveforms for nuclear explosion monitoring and other applications. Currently the LLNL database contains several million events associated with tens of millions of waveforms at thousands of stations. We are making use of this database to explore the power of seismic waveform correlation to quantify signal similarities, to discover new events not in catalogs, and to more accurately locate events and identify source types. Building on the very efficient correlation methodologies of Harris and Dodge (2011) we computed the waveform correlation for event pairs in the LLNL database in two ways. First we performed entire waveform cross-correlation over seven distinct frequency bands. The correlation coefficient exceeds 0.6 for more than 40 million waveform pairs f...
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2000
Forest Ecology and Management, 2003
The forests of Central Africa enjoy world-wide recognition for their spectacular wildlife and als... more The forests of Central Africa enjoy world-wide recognition for their spectacular wildlife and also harbor an abundance of high quality timber. With mismanagement and the conversion of large tracts of West African forest to agricultural production, Central African forests are experiencing increased harvesting pressures. This is particularly true for species of African mahogany (Entandrophragma spp.).
ldeo.columbia.edu, Jul 13, 2005
We concluded comprehensive ground truth collection at the Khibiny, Olenegorsk, Kovdor, and Zapoly... more We concluded comprehensive ground truth collection at the Khibiny, Olenegorsk, Kovdor, and Zapolyarnyi mines, and have basic information on 2,052 explosions. In the past two years we used this ground truth information to extract waveform data from the ARCES array and a number of regional stations (KEV, LVZ, APA) as well as from six stations that we deployed along two lines stretching between the Khibiny Massif mines and the region around the ARCES array. We calculated P/S ratios using the ...
Field Crops Research, 2007
When explicit measures are taken to account for the needs of clients (farmers and consumers) it r... more When explicit measures are taken to account for the needs of clients (farmers and consumers) it results in highly client-oriented breeding. This involves the participation of farmers to specify the design of desirable varieties and, once they are produced, their testing without delay with the target clients in the target environments. The term highly client-oriented breeding (COB) explains the purpose of farmer involvement -the deliberate achievement of a high degree of client orientation -rather than simply explaining the process of farmers participating in plant breeding (participatory plant breeding). Client-oriented breeding is sometimes based on the preferences of relatively few farmers in a small area, so a possible drawback is that it will produce varieties that are too locally adapted. We describe the testing of varieties in the High Barind Tract (HBT) of Bangladesh from a COB programme carried out in Chitwan district, Nepal. The two best lines, Judi 582 and Judi 567, yielded 19-50% more during the T. Aman season and 106% more during the Aus season than check varieties in the HBT. Research to determine farmers' preferences and adoption consistently showed these varieties were preferred over all available alternatives. The new varieties were broadly adapted as they were superior in all the three rice-growing seasons over varying levels of inputs. This broad adaptation could be explained by the breeding method: the generations were advanced in two contrasting seasons and each generation was grown on a different farmer's field under different management and planting dates. Because the segregating generations were grown under moderate and fluctuating levels of nitrogen, it is to be expected that genotypes with good nitrogen use efficiency will be selected that can also respond to added nitrogen. Overall, the cost-effectiveness of COB was high as it produced widely adapted genotypes from a small breeding programme, and knowledge of farmers' preferences increased the efficiency of targeting new germplasm. #
Field Crops Research, 2007
The effect of adding zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) to maize (Zea mays L.) growing on calcareous, Zn def... more The effect of adding zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) to maize (Zea mays L.) growing on calcareous, Zn deficient soils in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan was assessed in vitro, on-station and in on-farm trials. The zinc sulphate was added either as a powder to the soil or by soaking seeds for 16 h in dilute solutions prior to sowing. For the first time in maize, we separated the benefits of priming simply with water from those provided by added zinc.
Experimental Agriculture, 2001
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a promising post-wet-season crop to follow rainfed rice (Oryza sati... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a promising post-wet-season crop to follow rainfed rice (Oryza sativa) in the High Barind Tract of northwestern Bangladesh. Yields in farmers' ®elds, however, remain low (<1 t ha 71 ) primarily due to such factors as poor crop establishment, late sowing, and terminal drought and heat stress. Having been shown to improve plant stand and yield of chickpea in other environments, seed priming ± soaking the seed overnight before surface drying and sowing the next day ± was tested for its ef®cacy under Barind conditions.
Experimental Agriculture, 1999
Poor crop establishment was identi®ed as a major constraint on rainfed crop production by farmers... more Poor crop establishment was identi®ed as a major constraint on rainfed crop production by farmers in the tribal villages of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh served by the Krishak Bharati Cooperative (KRIBHCO) Indo-British Rainfed Farming Project (KRIBP). On-farm seed priming with water was chosen as a low cost, low risk intervention appropriate to the farmers' needs. In vitro screening of the eects of priming on the germination of seeds of local and improved varieties of maize, upland rice and chickpea provided`safe limits' ± the maximum length of time for which farmers should prime seeds and which, if exceeded, could lead to seed or seedling damage. Recommended safe limits were 24 h for maize and rice and 10 h for chickpea, with only minor varietal dierences. These recommendations were then tested in on-station trials in Dahod, Gujarat. Farmer-managed trials were conducted for chickpea in three villages in the rabi (post-monsoon) season in 1995±96; for maize and upland rice in eight villages in the kharif (monsoon) season in 1996; and for maize and chickpea in 15 villages in the 1996±97 rabi season. Farmers modi®ed these recommendations to`overnight' for all three crops. Evaluation of the technology by farmers involved focus group discussions, matrix ranking exercises and two workshops.