David Damiyano - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by David Damiyano

International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues

Financial inclusion has been on the agenda as a vehicle of economic development in modern times. ... more Financial inclusion has been on the agenda as a vehicle of economic development in modern times. Studies base the contribution of financial inclusion on poverty and development on the theoretical and empirical evidence intensively expressed in literature. In some cases, the influence of financial inclusion on development has inconclusive effects on economic development and therefore, more and more research is underway to achieve an informed decision. This study attempted to relate financial inclusion to development and poverty in the SACU region. Financial inclusion is very vital for development and poverty reduction. The most financially excluded populations, the vulnerable, are found in developing countries and mainly women. The member states of the SACU region are also developing nations. The results of this study have indicated the importance of women’s education on financial literacy to enhance financial inclusion. There is also a need in the region to create employment opportu...

Peer review declaration The publisher (AOSIS) endorses the South African 'National Scholarly Book... more Peer review declaration The publisher (AOSIS) endorses the South African 'National Scholarly Book Publishers Forum Best Practice for Peer Review of Scholarly Books'. The manuscript underwent an evaluation to compare the level of originality with other published works and was subjected to rigorous two-step peer review before publication, with the identities of the reviewers not revealed to the editor(s) or author(s). The reviewers were independent of the publisher, editor(s) and author(s). The publisher shared feedback on the similarity report and the reviewers' inputs with the manuscript's editor(s) or author(s) to improve the manuscript. Where the reviewers recommended revision and improvements the editor(s) or author(s) responded adequately to such recommendations. The reviewers commented positively on the scholarly merits of the manuscript and recommended that the book be published. v Research justification Over the past three decades, the internationalisation of higher education (HE) has become a key point of strategy for international organisations, such as the World Bank, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), as well as the European Commission, national governments and higher education institutions (HEIs). The strategic agenda has been driven by a dynamic global education environment and knowledge-based society requiring graduates with technological and discipline-specific knowledge. This book argues that international HE has to be competitive and sustainable while contributing to educational development locally and internationally. This book shows that HEIs are seen as being driven by an economic or educational agenda. For example, internationalisation can be influenced by the university ranking system, which is based on the international reputation of universities, the competitive quality of programmes offered in a market-oriented education environment, the generation of income from the enrolment of international students and employment of highly profiled researchers. Likewise, the book contributes to the production of knowledge by positing that an international profile for HEIs is fundamental to building their international excellence, outstanding academic standards and strengthening their competitiveness and economic growth. However, political and institutional rationales can also be drivers for higher education internationalisation, such as nation-building, national security and reputation. Despite diverse agendas, internationalisation can be abroad and local, wherein students may go abroad to gain international exposure as well as come in to gain local experience. Although virtual internationalisation can be used as an effective vehicle for students to gain international exposure, the majority of students have remained in their local environment. This book provides a detail of new needs, attitudes and demands, which teaching and learning pedagogy has to consider with a view to fostering the internationalisation of higher education. In addition, this book also argues that HEIs must ethically and pedagogically respond to the needs of international students and other stakeholders across various modes of internationalisation of higher education. The book argues that any rationale to internationalise higher education must ensure that inequitable and unethical ideologies and practices are addressed. In the same vein, this book also places emphasis on the importance of institutional quality assurance mechanisms, accreditation, learning outcomes and multicultural connectivity through an inclusive curriculum. Finally, in providing thorough strategies for the comprehensive internationalisation of higher education, this book provides pertinent discussions on the sustainable funding models for the HEIs, repositioning the higher education sector as a vibrant export sector, reforms in higher education, governance in HEIs, entrepreneurship in higher education and competition in higher education. The target audience consists of academia and specialists in global education environments, such as the World Bank, IMF, African Development Bank and the OECD. We declare that this book constitutes original research; it has not been published elsewhere and is not plagiarised.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 30, 2022

The paper attempts to examine the impact of the exchange rate, inflation rate and GDP on Foreign ... more The paper attempts to examine the impact of the exchange rate, inflation rate and GDP on Foreign Direct Investment inflows in Zimbabwe. Secondary data for these macroeconomic variables were collected from Word Bank and ZIMSTATS covering a period of 38 years from 1980 to 2018. To examine the long between foreign direct investment and the macroeconomic v was used in this paper. The findings reveal that GDP, Exchange rate and Inflation have no effect on FDI inflows in Zimbabwe and that other factors not included in the study could have impacted inflows of FD recommended that the government should implement policies that boost productivity and as well as to reduce inflation levels in the economy. We also recommended the use of fixed exchange rates to attract FDI.

Perspectives on comprehensive internationalisation of higher education

Identifying the best level of efficiency within firms and determining efficiency drivers and barr... more Identifying the best level of efficiency within firms and determining efficiency drivers and barriers is the main issues in efficiency theory, as the use of efficiency scores is believed to have an important influence when crafting efficiency models in the manufacturing sector of an economy. Using input-output data from developed economies and blend it with financial ratios will salvage decimation in any sectors of the economy. This study analysed the efficiency levels of the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. The manufacturing sector is one of the most significant pillars of the economy due to its contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), export earnings, employment levels and investment opportunities. The two efficiency orientations namely Output-Orientation and Input-Orientation were considered to determine the barriers and the drivers of efficiency in Zimbabwe’s manufacturing sector. The underpinnings of the efficiency measurement was guided by Duality theory and approach...

Based on FinSope 2014 Consumer survey data; this study does a comparative analysis of the impact ... more Based on FinSope 2014 Consumer survey data; this study does a comparative analysis of the impact of financial inclusion on food security between Malawi and Zimbabwe. The researchÂs outcome variable of interest is the householdÂs probability of experiencing food insecurity related to difficulties in access to food as explained by the state of financial inclusion. Furthermore, the study assesses the determinants of financial inclusion. To address the self-selection bias associated with financial inclusion, the study employs inverse probability weighting to identify the impact of financial inclusion on food security. The study offers three major findings. Firstly, the results show that financial inclusion is affected by background characteristics of the household of which household education is standout determinant. Secondly, financial inclusion increases food security. Finally, the results indicate that there is country heterogeneity in the impact of financial inclusion on food secu...

Educational Research, 2011

The study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of cash management policies at Hunyani Flexible Pr... more The study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of cash management policies at Hunyani Flexible Products (HFP) using data from 2000-2010. Other objectives of the study were to identify the key processes and models in cash management; examine the impact of poor cash management on the overall company performance and come up with strategies that can lead to an effective cash management system. The descriptive survey method was used to solicit information from the respondents and a case study approach was used. The research study was confined to respondents at Hunyani. Flexible Products where a sample of forty (30) respondents was drawn. Data was obtained through interviews, administering questionnaires and by observations. From the research findings, it was established that there is a high deficiency of an effective cash management policy although some attributes of an effective management system were present. The study found that there is a positive relationship between the level of ca...

Durban University of Technology, 2018

This research report investigates whether corruption is a hindrance or a burden to the effectiven... more This research report investigates whether corruption is a hindrance or a burden to the effectiveness of foreign loans in influencing economic growth of less developed countries, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa countries. The study concentrated on four years (2014-2017) where panel data was used to fit in the empirical model that was used to explain the relationship between foreign loans and economic growth, corruption and economic growth, then whether corruption is heterogeneous to foreign loans in influencing growth patterns. The study found that foreign loans negatively impact economic growth but it is insignificant, meaning that it influences economic growth indirectly. The study also found that corruption has a negative and insignificant impact on the economic growth of the surveyed countries under study. The study coincides with Roll and Talbott who also attested that foreign loans do not contribute toward financing sustained economic growth over the long term.

<strong>Abstract</strong> The paper attempts to examine the impact of exchange rate, ... more <strong>Abstract</strong> The paper attempts to examine the impact of exchange rate, inflation rate and GDP on Foreign Dinnrect Investment inflows in Zimbabwe. Secondary data for these macroeconomic variables was collected from Word Bank and ZIMSTATS covered a period of 38 years from 1980 to 2018. To examine the long-run relationship between foreign direct investment and the macroeconomic variables the Johansen Cointegration test and VECM was used in this paper. The findings reveal that GDP, Exchange rate and Inflation have no effect on FDI inflows in Zimbabwe and that other factors not included in the study could have impacted inflows of FDI. The study recommended that the government should implement policies that boost productivity and as well as to reduce inflation levels in the economy. We also recommended the use of fixed exchange rates to attract FDI.

Transylvanian Review, 2019

The study analysed the efficiency of the non-metallic minerals manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. ... more The study analysed the efficiency of the non-metallic minerals manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. The background to this study is the continuous decline of the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe and in particular the non-metallic minerals manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. The manufacturing sector is the strength and stimulus of both the extractive and service sector in any economy. It has a large contribution to vital economic indicators like employment, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export. A non-parametric methodology, Data Enveloping Analysis (DEA) was used to measure efficiency in the non-metallic minerals manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe and estimating the drivers and barriers to efficiency using STATA econometric software. ZIMSTAT data from the non-metallic minerals manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe was used to calculate efficiency scores of Decision Making Units (DMUs) in the sector. Input variables used were; cost of raw materials (CM), energy (E), water and sewage (WS), cost...

The study attempts to measure the agricultural bilateral trade competition of Zimbabwe against it... more The study attempts to measure the agricultural bilateral trade competition of Zimbabwe against its SADC member states in three markets namely, SADC, Africa and the World. The New Trade Theories are a guideline in measuring regional integration competition and completion among countries in a particular product or service. To achieve its objectives, the studyÂs investigation relies on the statistical trade competition related index called the Export Similarity Index (ESI). The Export Similarity Index is used to conclude the presence and absence of competition in the three markets; namely SADC, Africa and the World. This study therefore, concludes that Zimbabwe should not compete with Malawi in the agricultural World market.

Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 2018

The study analysed the effciency of the metal manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. The background to... more The study analysed the effciency of the metal manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. The background to this study is the decimation of the sector given its contribution to vital economic indicators like employment, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export. A non-parametric methodology, Data Enveloping Analysis (DEA) was used to measure effciency in the metal sector and estimating the drivers and barriers to effciency using STATA econometric software. Data on metal manufacturing inputs; cost of raw material (CM), energy (E), water and sewages (WS) and cost of services (S) were transformed into multiple outputs; sales (SLS), value added (VA) and gross value of production (GVP). Using an input oriented constant returns to scale (CRS) model, in the Metals sub-sector of the manufacturing sector, 38% of the Decision Making Unit (DMUs) are effcient and 62% are ineffcient. At least 52% of the DMUs are operating above the average effciency of 68%, whereas 48% of the DMUs are struggling below the a...

This study aim at identifying major constraints and drivers affecting performance in the manufact... more This study aim at identifying major constraints and drivers affecting performance in the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. Using comparative literature from the region, the study managed to explicitly show that despite dollarization of Zimbabwe's economy, the sector continues to show poor indicators of the manufacturing sector. Stylised facts of manufacturing sector share in GDP, volume of manufacturing index, manufacturing sector share in total productive sector value added and manufacturing sector employees and total earnings were poor in a post dollarized Zimbabwe. Low local demand, competition, fnance and infrastructure are major constraints in the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. Policy stability, zero corruption tolerance, FDI, reliable power and retooling can drive the manufacturing sector. In conclusion, the government should provide an enabling economic environment sustainable to salvage the struggling manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe.

Using Domestic credit to the Private Sector (DCPS) as an indicator of financial sector developmen... more Using Domestic credit to the Private Sector (DCPS) as an indicator of financial sector development, the paper investigated the impact of financial sector development in stimulating economic growth in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). The methodology adopted for the research was in the form of a Cobb-Douglas production function that arguments the A-K growth theory. The model included the following control variables: net effects of Trade, Education expenditure, Inflation, Government expenditure, Gross fixed capital formation and Labour force. The Random effects regression analytical method was used to estimate the results and as such the data analyzed showed of a significant negative relationship between financial sector development and economic growth. The results are not in line with the findings of (Caporale et al., 2009) and Allen and Ndikumana (1998) whose results show of a positive relationship. Thus, recommendations to the policy makers in SADC is that attention...

The study’s aim is to identify with precision the sources of inefficiency in the Chemicals and pe... more The study’s aim is to identify with precision the sources of inefficiency in the Chemicals and petroleum products manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. Literature has shown that slack based methods of identifying efficiency levels can salvage decimation of any manufacturing sector. The DEA methodology used in this study used slacks based measure to identify input and output sources of inefficiency. ZIMSTAT data from the Chemicals and petroleum products manufacturing sector was used to calculate slacks in inputs; cost of raw materials (CM), energy (E), water and sewage (WS), cost of services (CS) and slacks in output; sales (S), value added (VA), gross value of production (GVP). Input E is the major input driver of efficiency and WS is the major input barrier to efficiency in the Chemicals and Petroleum Products manufacturing sub-sector using CRS. Overall slack analysis using CRS shows that output variable SLS is the major driver of efficiency while output variable VA is the major barrie...

GIS Business, 2019

The relationship between foreign trade and economic growth is one of the controversial subjects i... more The relationship between foreign trade and economic growth is one of the controversial subjects in economics. Theoretical models have been developed and empirical studies have been carried out but the results obtained are mixed and up to now, there is no unique answer with regard to the same study. This paper examines the relationship between foreign trade and economic growth taking SADC countries as the laboratory test ground. Growth performances have not been consistent within the SADC region and weak regional trade performance is by the virtue of the fact that they focused more on elimination of trade barriers instead of concentrating on the development of the productive capacities necessary for trade. The research used panel data gathered from SADC trade database, International Monetary Fund, and World Bank. Using panel regression analysis of 15 SADC member states, the paper demonstrates that foreign trade promotes economic growth but it was found to have a moder...

Restaurant Business, 2019

The main objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of diasporas on poverty all... more The main objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of diasporas on poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2017. Thus, this research analysis explores the empirical poverty alleviation impact of formal diaspora in Zimbabwe, using per capita GDP and income inequality as control variables. Using the Ordinary Least Squares estimation at first difference and linearized data, the study found no statistical evidence that remittances contribute towards poverty reduction in Zimbabwe over the period under review. However, per capita GDP and income inequality with positive and negative expected signs, were found to have statistically significant coefficients at 1 percent and 10 percent, respectively and accounted for 65 percent of changes in poverty levels in Zimbabwe. The study failed to establish a relationship between remittances and poverty levels in Zimbabwe because it used the data on remittances from the formal channels only while most of the remittances get the...