David Kaplan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by David Kaplan
The Professional Geographer
City & Community
The need to contend with greater diversity in cities raises the question of the level and timbre ... more The need to contend with greater diversity in cities raises the question of the level and timbre of group interactions. This study examines how diversity at a small scale operates and the conditions under which it may lead to true engagement, parallel lives, detachment, or hostility. The site is the multicultural Parisian neighborhood of Belleville, with a focus on the behaviors and attitudes of merchants who work there. Data gathering comprised observation and examination of neighborhood dynamics, the distribution of various businesses, and the nature of customer and everyday traffic as well as 34 structured interviews. Our findings show the significant Chinese population and businesses separated from the rest of the district and the other businesses. This separation is reinforced with a large degree of mutual distrust. However, relations between Arabs and Jews, tense at larger scales, are harmonious though increasingly tinged by outside worries. Multicultural relations observed on...
European Countryside
Greenhouses are a frequent feature on the Icelandic rural landscape and an integral part of Icela... more Greenhouses are a frequent feature on the Icelandic rural landscape and an integral part of Iceland’s food system. Iceland’s reserves of geothermal energy present an opportunity to extend an otherwise short growing season. This promotes sustainability, increases food security, and benefits consumers. This article examines the relative strengths of Iceland’s greenhouse sector - using a combination of statistics, observations, and interviews to understand the resource demands of greenhouse agriculture, how well greenhouses can allay some food insecurity and provide local foods. It ends with an examination of how the reduction of subsidies used to keep greenhouse agriculture going, has had an effect and forces the question of whether losing much of Iceland’s agricultural sector and locally sourced food is worth the social and political costs.
Commuter rail service is seen as one way to relieve highw ay congestion and broaden the mix of tr... more Commuter rail service is seen as one way to relieve highw ay congestion and broaden the mix of transit options. One problem is that ridership cannot be determined until after the project is built. Therefore, it is necessary to gather estimates of the ridership potential along each possible rail corridor. This paper reports on the results of an assessment of
Urban Geography, 2008
In 2008, there will be at least 2.5 million new foreclosures in the United States. Record levels ... more In 2008, there will be at least 2.5 million new foreclosures in the United States. Record levels of mortgage delinquency, default, and foreclosure are causing widespread hardship in cities and suburbs across America, and causing repeated destabilization of global credit and investment markets. In this Forum, six housing specialists unravel the complex connections between urban geography, subprime lending, and foreclosure. Although a wide variety of viewpoints are represented, three common threads are evident. First, foreclosures are tightly linked to the lax underwriting standards and aggressive business practices of the subprime mortgage market. Second, the subprime-foreclosure linkage is a reflection of the steady deregulation of U.S. financial markets and the promotion of homeownership as the cornerstone of national housing policy. Third, deregulated mortgage market segmentation has created uneven new geographies of debt, risk, and default-superimposed atop existing landscapes of old-fashioned exclusionary discrimination. Low-income and racially marginalized neighborhoods, once redlined and excluded from mainstream credit markets, were at the center of the profitable wave of subprime abuse and equity extraction during the long housing boom, and are now at the center of the long, slowly unfolding catastrophe of the U.S. foreclosure crisis.
Urban Geography, 1996
Abstract: Through an analysis of foreign exports, foreign direct investment, and inter-national m... more Abstract: Through an analysis of foreign exports, foreign direct investment, and inter-national migration, this paper assesses the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area's status as a world city. The data suggest that although Minnesota, especially the Twin Cities metropolitan ...
The Professional Geographer, 2009
Residential foreclosures increased sharply during the 1990s and in the first years of the twenty-... more Residential foreclosures increased sharply during the 1990s and in the first years of the twenty-first century. These foreclosures have profound impacts on the households and neighborhoods involved. Although foreclosures occur everywhere, the geography of foreclosures displays a pattern tied to a metropolitan area's social, fiscal, and economic geography. We examine these correspondences as they exist within Summit County (Akron), Ohio, between 2001 and 2003. Foreclosures themselves often result from unfortunate financial events that can affect any household, but we found that the geography of foreclosures corresponds primarily to Summit County's racial distribution, above and beyond any correspondence with income levels and housing fiscal stress. There also exists a clear coincidence of foreclosures with subprime lending, itself associated with Summit County's racial patterns. Concentrations of foreclosures in particular neighborhoods can be tremendously harmful to the social and economic health of the neighborhood. These comparisons help us to better understand the neighborhood ecology of foreclosure rates and subprime lending.
National Identities, 2011
Geography is an intrinsic part of national identities, and the contributions to this journal have... more Geography is an intrinsic part of national identities, and the contributions to this journal have reflected this throughout its existence. In this essay, we discuss how geography has shaped National Identities in particular ways. Several of the journal's articles have examined how would-be nationalists form a geographical image of the prospective nation in order to make it real or how they have turned various landscape elements into national icons. Other articles have specifically examined the vital role of geographical scale in mediating between national conceptions, subnational movements, supranational ideas, and globalization. Finally we look at those essays that specifically focus on the role of maps in constructing, displaying, and propagandizing national identity.
International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 2009
ABSTRACT While African Americans in the USA have been eager to start businesses, the neighbourhoo... more ABSTRACT While African Americans in the USA have been eager to start businesses, the neighbourhood context can work against business success. In this paper, black businesses in the Cleveland metropolitan area are compared with the racial, social, and crime characteristics of the neighbourhoods within which they are located. Results indicate that black businesses are found in neighbourhoods that experience higher levels of violent crime. Such businesses are more likely to experience burglary and to have a stronger perception of crime. This research underscores some of the difficulties experienced by minority businesses and identifies potential areas of vulnerability.
Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, 2001
ABSTRACT Borderlands are places where large–scale and small–scale politics interact. Relationship... more ABSTRACT Borderlands are places where large–scale and small–scale politics interact. Relationships between national states at the largescale affect local relations at the smallscale. Likewise, activities at the small–scale redound to the larger scale. While the politics of boundaries and borderland regions is often viewed at the scale of the national states, we argue that politics at the borderland needs to be examined in two other ways: in terms of relations between regions across national boundaries (small–scale) and in the relations between the borderland region itself and the national state (cross–scale). This article examines the nature of ‘cross–scale’ and “small–scale” political relations in the northern Italian borderlands. This is explored through (1) the degree of autonomy granted by the Italian government towards regions and cultural minorities on the border, and (2) the nature and extent of contacts and shared projects with neighboring regions across the boundary. Two conclusions are drawn. First, that the nature of cross–scale concessions to regional autonomy depends on the strength of the minority groups involved. Second, that the extent of small–scale contact and collaboration across the boundary depends on pre–existing economic interrelationships and cultural ties.
Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, 2001
urban.csuohio.edu
... This fits with previous findings on the interaction between race and concentrated poverty in ... more ... This fits with previous findings on the interaction between race and concentrated poverty in thedigital divide, and positive attitudes toward ... Social Policy at the University of Akron.3 Households in Youngstown, East Cleveland and Shaker Heights comprised the sampling frame. ...
Economic Geography, 2008
... One model, colored by the expe-riences of late nineteenth and early twenti-eth century Europe... more ... One model, colored by the expe-riences of late nineteenth and early twenti-eth century European immigrants, views the ethnic neighborhood as an economic stepping-stone into the wider society. Groups of people, fresh from overseas, would settle in segregated, dilapidated ...
Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1994
The Professional Geographer
City & Community
The need to contend with greater diversity in cities raises the question of the level and timbre ... more The need to contend with greater diversity in cities raises the question of the level and timbre of group interactions. This study examines how diversity at a small scale operates and the conditions under which it may lead to true engagement, parallel lives, detachment, or hostility. The site is the multicultural Parisian neighborhood of Belleville, with a focus on the behaviors and attitudes of merchants who work there. Data gathering comprised observation and examination of neighborhood dynamics, the distribution of various businesses, and the nature of customer and everyday traffic as well as 34 structured interviews. Our findings show the significant Chinese population and businesses separated from the rest of the district and the other businesses. This separation is reinforced with a large degree of mutual distrust. However, relations between Arabs and Jews, tense at larger scales, are harmonious though increasingly tinged by outside worries. Multicultural relations observed on...
European Countryside
Greenhouses are a frequent feature on the Icelandic rural landscape and an integral part of Icela... more Greenhouses are a frequent feature on the Icelandic rural landscape and an integral part of Iceland’s food system. Iceland’s reserves of geothermal energy present an opportunity to extend an otherwise short growing season. This promotes sustainability, increases food security, and benefits consumers. This article examines the relative strengths of Iceland’s greenhouse sector - using a combination of statistics, observations, and interviews to understand the resource demands of greenhouse agriculture, how well greenhouses can allay some food insecurity and provide local foods. It ends with an examination of how the reduction of subsidies used to keep greenhouse agriculture going, has had an effect and forces the question of whether losing much of Iceland’s agricultural sector and locally sourced food is worth the social and political costs.
Commuter rail service is seen as one way to relieve highw ay congestion and broaden the mix of tr... more Commuter rail service is seen as one way to relieve highw ay congestion and broaden the mix of transit options. One problem is that ridership cannot be determined until after the project is built. Therefore, it is necessary to gather estimates of the ridership potential along each possible rail corridor. This paper reports on the results of an assessment of
Urban Geography, 2008
In 2008, there will be at least 2.5 million new foreclosures in the United States. Record levels ... more In 2008, there will be at least 2.5 million new foreclosures in the United States. Record levels of mortgage delinquency, default, and foreclosure are causing widespread hardship in cities and suburbs across America, and causing repeated destabilization of global credit and investment markets. In this Forum, six housing specialists unravel the complex connections between urban geography, subprime lending, and foreclosure. Although a wide variety of viewpoints are represented, three common threads are evident. First, foreclosures are tightly linked to the lax underwriting standards and aggressive business practices of the subprime mortgage market. Second, the subprime-foreclosure linkage is a reflection of the steady deregulation of U.S. financial markets and the promotion of homeownership as the cornerstone of national housing policy. Third, deregulated mortgage market segmentation has created uneven new geographies of debt, risk, and default-superimposed atop existing landscapes of old-fashioned exclusionary discrimination. Low-income and racially marginalized neighborhoods, once redlined and excluded from mainstream credit markets, were at the center of the profitable wave of subprime abuse and equity extraction during the long housing boom, and are now at the center of the long, slowly unfolding catastrophe of the U.S. foreclosure crisis.
Urban Geography, 1996
Abstract: Through an analysis of foreign exports, foreign direct investment, and inter-national m... more Abstract: Through an analysis of foreign exports, foreign direct investment, and inter-national migration, this paper assesses the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area's status as a world city. The data suggest that although Minnesota, especially the Twin Cities metropolitan ...
The Professional Geographer, 2009
Residential foreclosures increased sharply during the 1990s and in the first years of the twenty-... more Residential foreclosures increased sharply during the 1990s and in the first years of the twenty-first century. These foreclosures have profound impacts on the households and neighborhoods involved. Although foreclosures occur everywhere, the geography of foreclosures displays a pattern tied to a metropolitan area's social, fiscal, and economic geography. We examine these correspondences as they exist within Summit County (Akron), Ohio, between 2001 and 2003. Foreclosures themselves often result from unfortunate financial events that can affect any household, but we found that the geography of foreclosures corresponds primarily to Summit County's racial distribution, above and beyond any correspondence with income levels and housing fiscal stress. There also exists a clear coincidence of foreclosures with subprime lending, itself associated with Summit County's racial patterns. Concentrations of foreclosures in particular neighborhoods can be tremendously harmful to the social and economic health of the neighborhood. These comparisons help us to better understand the neighborhood ecology of foreclosure rates and subprime lending.
National Identities, 2011
Geography is an intrinsic part of national identities, and the contributions to this journal have... more Geography is an intrinsic part of national identities, and the contributions to this journal have reflected this throughout its existence. In this essay, we discuss how geography has shaped National Identities in particular ways. Several of the journal's articles have examined how would-be nationalists form a geographical image of the prospective nation in order to make it real or how they have turned various landscape elements into national icons. Other articles have specifically examined the vital role of geographical scale in mediating between national conceptions, subnational movements, supranational ideas, and globalization. Finally we look at those essays that specifically focus on the role of maps in constructing, displaying, and propagandizing national identity.
International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 2009
ABSTRACT While African Americans in the USA have been eager to start businesses, the neighbourhoo... more ABSTRACT While African Americans in the USA have been eager to start businesses, the neighbourhood context can work against business success. In this paper, black businesses in the Cleveland metropolitan area are compared with the racial, social, and crime characteristics of the neighbourhoods within which they are located. Results indicate that black businesses are found in neighbourhoods that experience higher levels of violent crime. Such businesses are more likely to experience burglary and to have a stronger perception of crime. This research underscores some of the difficulties experienced by minority businesses and identifies potential areas of vulnerability.
Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, 2001
ABSTRACT Borderlands are places where large–scale and small–scale politics interact. Relationship... more ABSTRACT Borderlands are places where large–scale and small–scale politics interact. Relationships between national states at the largescale affect local relations at the smallscale. Likewise, activities at the small–scale redound to the larger scale. While the politics of boundaries and borderland regions is often viewed at the scale of the national states, we argue that politics at the borderland needs to be examined in two other ways: in terms of relations between regions across national boundaries (small–scale) and in the relations between the borderland region itself and the national state (cross–scale). This article examines the nature of ‘cross–scale’ and “small–scale” political relations in the northern Italian borderlands. This is explored through (1) the degree of autonomy granted by the Italian government towards regions and cultural minorities on the border, and (2) the nature and extent of contacts and shared projects with neighboring regions across the boundary. Two conclusions are drawn. First, that the nature of cross–scale concessions to regional autonomy depends on the strength of the minority groups involved. Second, that the extent of small–scale contact and collaboration across the boundary depends on pre–existing economic interrelationships and cultural ties.
Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, 2001
urban.csuohio.edu
... This fits with previous findings on the interaction between race and concentrated poverty in ... more ... This fits with previous findings on the interaction between race and concentrated poverty in thedigital divide, and positive attitudes toward ... Social Policy at the University of Akron.3 Households in Youngstown, East Cleveland and Shaker Heights comprised the sampling frame. ...
Economic Geography, 2008
... One model, colored by the expe-riences of late nineteenth and early twenti-eth century Europe... more ... One model, colored by the expe-riences of late nineteenth and early twenti-eth century European immigrants, views the ethnic neighborhood as an economic stepping-stone into the wider society. Groups of people, fresh from overseas, would settle in segregated, dilapidated ...
Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1994