David RED - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by David RED
Forest Science, Sep 1, 1991
The canopies of northern hardwood forests dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were e... more The canopies of northern hardwood forests dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were examined at five locations spanning 800 km along an add deposition and climatic gradient in the Great Lakes region. Leaf area index (LAI) calc•ated from litterfall ranged from 6.0 to 8.0 in 1988, from 4.9 to 7.9 in 1989, and from 5.3 to 7.8 in 1990. The data suggest that maximum LAI for the sites is between 7 and 8. Insect defoliation and the allocation of assimilates to reproductive parts in large seed years reduced LAI by up to 34%. Allometric equations for leaf area and foliar biomass were not significantly different among sites. They predicted higher LAI values than were estimated from litterfall and could not account for the influences of defoliation and seed production. Canopy transmittance was a viable alternative for estimating LAI. Extinction coeffidents (K) of 0.49 to 0.65 were appropriate for solar elevations of 63 ø to 41 ø. Patterns of specific leaf area (SLA) were similar for the sites. Average sugar maple SLA increased from 147 cm 2 g-x in the upper 5 m of the canopy to 389 cm 2 g-x in the seedling layer. Litterfall SLA averaged 196 cm 2 g-• for all spedes and 192 cm 2 g-• for sugar maple. Similarity among the sites in allometric relationships, maximum LAI, canopy transmittance, and patterns of SLA suggests these characteristics were controlled primarily by the similar nutrient and moisture availability at the sites. A general increasing trend in litter production along the gradient could not be attributed to N deposition or length of growing season due to year to year variability resulting from insect defoliation and seed production. FOR. Scl. 37(4):1041-1059. ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS. Leaf area index, specific leaf area, Acer saccharum, canopy transmittance, N deposition. REE LEAF AREA REGULATES MANY FOREST PROCESSES, including gas exchange (Watts et al. 1976), canopy light interception (Running et al. 1989), evapotranspiration (Grief and Running 1977), and photosynthesis (Beadle et al. 1985, Running et al. 1989). Consequently, leaf area is related to stand productivity (Viaring 1983, Oren et al. 1987) and is a crucial component in studies of regional and global phenomenon such as acid rain and global warming (Running et al. 1989). Foliar biomass is closely correlated with leaf area and is related to many of the same processes. Leaf area is generally a preferred measure because the ratio of leaf surface area to mass (specific leaf area, SLA) varies seasonally and changes fi'om the upper to the lower canopy (Borghetti et al. 1986, Jurik 1986). Estimates
OCEANS 2009, 2009
The National Weather Service (NWS) is the federal agency with the mandate to provide river and fl... more The National Weather Service (NWS) is the federal agency with the mandate to provide river and flood forecasts to save lives and property and support the Nation's economy. To accomplish this mission, the NWS provides forecasted river levels five days in the future at over 4,000 locations. The NWS Lower Mississippi River Forecast Center (LMRFC) is responsible for providing forecasts
The lecture will be given under the joint auspices of the Alpha-Alpha Chapter of Phi Lambda Upsil... more The lecture will be given under the joint auspices of the Alpha-Alpha Chapter of Phi Lambda Upsilon and the local section of the American Chemical Society. Dr, Buehrer will present his lecture on "Heavy Water", a topic which is attracting much attention at the present time. The plot of the play is concerned with the solution of the problem of a woman who discovers that her husband is not faithful. The character of Mrs. Ferguson will be portrayed by ffax^Mrs. Golightly by Bil-has charge of the sale of tickets. After April 27 they may be purchased in the sallyport or at the Little Theatre. nominations for the officers for the fall term will be held by the Engineering Society. The election will take place the following Wednesday, May 9, at the final banquet. Engineering DORG DAY will be the morning of the banquet. All pledges have to attend class in overalls and be attended by a hound dog. Only members of the Engineering Society who are in good standing, or Engineering Alumni...
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, 1998
... A study of the gas-phase interconversion of 1-(2-aryloxyphenyl)- alkaniminyl and 2-(arylimino... more ... A study of the gas-phase interconversion of 1-(2-aryloxyphenyl)- alkaniminyl and 2-(aryliminomethyl)phenoxyl radicals Michael Black,a JIG Cadogan,*,b Rino Leardini,c Hamish McNab,*,a Graham McDougald,a Daniele Nanni,c David Reeda and Alberto Zompatoric ...
Proceedings of 1996 Symposium on Volume Visualization
3. Determine the z-limits, zm¡ and г^ц, of the transformed points. ¿slice ,= ¿min te := (¿max - ... more 3. Determine the z-limits, zm¡ and г^ц, of the transformed points. ¿slice ,= ¿min te := (¿max - Zmin) / NumSlices the first algorithm above (and step 5 in the second algorithm above), is shown in Figure 2. This algorithm is basically composed of four stages: initialization, edge ...
International journal of nursing terminologies and classifications : the official journal of NANDA International
To increase awareness of the many issues involved in measuring the dose of nursing intervention i... more To increase awareness of the many issues involved in measuring the dose of nursing intervention in nursing interventions effectiveness research. Identify critical issues in measurement of the dose of nursing intervention and discuss decisions regarding dosage measurement made in a study of the effectiveness of nursing interventions. A single method can be applied to resolve two critical issues in intervention dosage measurement. Those conducting nursing interventions effectiveness research must think explicitly about how intervention dosage will be measured and reported so that dosage can be replicated in research and practice. Measuring and reporting the dose of nursing intervention in research is essential to the development of an evidence base adequate to support practice.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1986
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1998
ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 2004
Educators are increasingly acknowledging that practical problems in computer science demand basic... more Educators are increasingly acknowledging that practical problems in computer science demand basic competencies in experimentation and data analysis. However, little effort has been made towards explicitly identifying those empirical concepts and skills needed by computer scientists, nor in developing methods of integrating those concepts and skills into CS curricula. In this paper, we identify a core list of empirical competencies and motivate them based on established courses outside of computer science, their potential use in standard CS courses, and their application to real-world problems. Sample assignments that facilitate the integration of these competencies into the CS curriculum are also discussed.
Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '94, 1994
Computer graphics-based technologies are becoming increasingly intertwined with the patterns of e... more Computer graphics-based technologies are becoming increasingly intertwined with the patterns of economic change. The technologies of SIGGRAPH are understandable. The economic environment in which they thrive is not. The opportunities of the future are connected to our technological legacy. But forces more biological than mechanical are beginning to shape business and economic methods. These forces affect the diffusion of computer
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1986
Molecular vision, Jan 2, 2007
To evaluate the extent to which mutations in the optineurin (OPTN) glaucoma gene play a role in g... more To evaluate the extent to which mutations in the optineurin (OPTN) glaucoma gene play a role in glaucoma in different populations. Case-controlled study of OPTN sequence variants in individuals with or without glaucoma in populations of different ancestral origins and evaluate previous OPTN reports. We analyzed 314 subjects with African, Asian, Caucasian and Hispanic ancestries included 229 cases of primary open-angle glaucoma, 51 cases of juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma, 33 cases of normal tension glaucoma, and 371 controls. Polymerase chain reaction-amplified OPTN coding exons were resequenced and case frequencies were compared to frequencies in controls matched for ancestry. The E50K sequence variant was identified in one individual from Chile with normal tension glaucoma, and the 691_692insAG variant was found in one Ashkenazi Jewish individual from Russia. The R545Q variant was found in two Asian individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma; one of Filipino ancestry and one ...
PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Jan 23, 2010
Genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice ... more Genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) and body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus) does not reflect their phylogenetic organization. Three phylotypes of head lice A, B and C exist but body lice have been observed only in phylotype A. Head and body lice have different behaviours and only the latter have been involved in outbreaks of infectious diseases including epidemic typhus, trench fever and louse borne recurrent fever. Recent studies suggest that body lice arose several times from head louse populations. By introducing a new genotyping technique, sequencing variable intergenic spacers which were selected from louse genomic sequence, we were able to evaluate the genotypic distribution of 207 human lice. Sequence variation of two intergenic spacers, S2 and S5, discriminated the 207 lice into 148 genotypes and sequence variation of another two intergenic spacers, PM1 and PM2, discriminated 174 lice ...
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1987
ABSTRACT Synthetic and X-ray crystallographic studies on two new iminolithium compounds, [But(Ph)... more ABSTRACT Synthetic and X-ray crystallographic studies on two new iminolithium compounds, [But(Ph)CNLi]6(1) and [Me2N(Ph)CNLi]6(2), have revealed, in conjunction with previously reported work on [(Me2N)2CNLi]6(3) and (But2CNLi)6(4), a family of hexameric iminolithium species. All four compounds have remarkably similar solid-state structures based on slightly folded chair-shaped Li6 cores, the six smaller (isosceles) Li3 triangular faces of which are bridged by three-electron imino ligands through electron-deficient bonds. The precise determination of the structures of (1) and (2) has revealed features which were not apparent in the earlier limited and less fully refined structural studies on (3) and (4). Recognition of such features and their detailed analysis leads to a ring-stacking principle which envisages the formation of these hexameric structures from two slightly puckered trimeric rings, (RR′CNLi)3, brought together in a staggered arrangement. Extension of this principle allows the rationalisation of many other structures in lithium chemistry and facilitates structural predictions.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1988
Page 1. J. CHEM. SOC., CHEM. COMMUN., 1988 367 A Lie Cluster of Three Edge-connected Li4 Tetrahed... more Page 1. J. CHEM. SOC., CHEM. COMMUN., 1988 367 A Lie Cluster of Three Edge-connected Li4 Tetrahedra Held by Li-N, Li 8 C, and Li Li Interactions: Crystal Structure of ( O - L ~ C ~ H & H ~ - NL ~ = CH ~ CH ~ NM ~ ~ ) ~ and ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006
This paper proposes a new Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) resource allocation algorithm for... more This paper proposes a new Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) resource allocation algorithm for Video on Demand (VoD) when there is a mixture of standard definition (SD) and high definition (HD) video streams. We have developed a simulation model to compare this algorithm with two popular algorithms: the least-loaded algorithm and the most-loaded algorithm. We show that our algorithm, which we call the non-mixing algorithm, performs significantly better than the two existing algorithms by accommodating more streams thereby lowering the blocking probabilities under a range of assumptions of peak concurrent usage rate and percentage of HD streams. Using computer simulation we found that the non-mixing algorithm leads to an average of 4.39% higher allowed peak usage rate than the least-loaded and most-loaded algorithms.
Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2006
In its full well construction format of four or more close-clearance liners, the cost of construc... more In its full well construction format of four or more close-clearance liners, the cost of constructing the well can be reduced significantly, perhaps by more than 50%, whilst at the same time enhancing safety and reducing environmental impact. In its partial format of one to three close-...
J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1995
Forest Science, Sep 1, 1991
The canopies of northern hardwood forests dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were e... more The canopies of northern hardwood forests dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were examined at five locations spanning 800 km along an add deposition and climatic gradient in the Great Lakes region. Leaf area index (LAI) calc•ated from litterfall ranged from 6.0 to 8.0 in 1988, from 4.9 to 7.9 in 1989, and from 5.3 to 7.8 in 1990. The data suggest that maximum LAI for the sites is between 7 and 8. Insect defoliation and the allocation of assimilates to reproductive parts in large seed years reduced LAI by up to 34%. Allometric equations for leaf area and foliar biomass were not significantly different among sites. They predicted higher LAI values than were estimated from litterfall and could not account for the influences of defoliation and seed production. Canopy transmittance was a viable alternative for estimating LAI. Extinction coeffidents (K) of 0.49 to 0.65 were appropriate for solar elevations of 63 ø to 41 ø. Patterns of specific leaf area (SLA) were similar for the sites. Average sugar maple SLA increased from 147 cm 2 g-x in the upper 5 m of the canopy to 389 cm 2 g-x in the seedling layer. Litterfall SLA averaged 196 cm 2 g-• for all spedes and 192 cm 2 g-• for sugar maple. Similarity among the sites in allometric relationships, maximum LAI, canopy transmittance, and patterns of SLA suggests these characteristics were controlled primarily by the similar nutrient and moisture availability at the sites. A general increasing trend in litter production along the gradient could not be attributed to N deposition or length of growing season due to year to year variability resulting from insect defoliation and seed production. FOR. Scl. 37(4):1041-1059. ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS. Leaf area index, specific leaf area, Acer saccharum, canopy transmittance, N deposition. REE LEAF AREA REGULATES MANY FOREST PROCESSES, including gas exchange (Watts et al. 1976), canopy light interception (Running et al. 1989), evapotranspiration (Grief and Running 1977), and photosynthesis (Beadle et al. 1985, Running et al. 1989). Consequently, leaf area is related to stand productivity (Viaring 1983, Oren et al. 1987) and is a crucial component in studies of regional and global phenomenon such as acid rain and global warming (Running et al. 1989). Foliar biomass is closely correlated with leaf area and is related to many of the same processes. Leaf area is generally a preferred measure because the ratio of leaf surface area to mass (specific leaf area, SLA) varies seasonally and changes fi'om the upper to the lower canopy (Borghetti et al. 1986, Jurik 1986). Estimates
OCEANS 2009, 2009
The National Weather Service (NWS) is the federal agency with the mandate to provide river and fl... more The National Weather Service (NWS) is the federal agency with the mandate to provide river and flood forecasts to save lives and property and support the Nation's economy. To accomplish this mission, the NWS provides forecasted river levels five days in the future at over 4,000 locations. The NWS Lower Mississippi River Forecast Center (LMRFC) is responsible for providing forecasts
The lecture will be given under the joint auspices of the Alpha-Alpha Chapter of Phi Lambda Upsil... more The lecture will be given under the joint auspices of the Alpha-Alpha Chapter of Phi Lambda Upsilon and the local section of the American Chemical Society. Dr, Buehrer will present his lecture on "Heavy Water", a topic which is attracting much attention at the present time. The plot of the play is concerned with the solution of the problem of a woman who discovers that her husband is not faithful. The character of Mrs. Ferguson will be portrayed by ffax^Mrs. Golightly by Bil-has charge of the sale of tickets. After April 27 they may be purchased in the sallyport or at the Little Theatre. nominations for the officers for the fall term will be held by the Engineering Society. The election will take place the following Wednesday, May 9, at the final banquet. Engineering DORG DAY will be the morning of the banquet. All pledges have to attend class in overalls and be attended by a hound dog. Only members of the Engineering Society who are in good standing, or Engineering Alumni...
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, 1998
... A study of the gas-phase interconversion of 1-(2-aryloxyphenyl)- alkaniminyl and 2-(arylimino... more ... A study of the gas-phase interconversion of 1-(2-aryloxyphenyl)- alkaniminyl and 2-(aryliminomethyl)phenoxyl radicals Michael Black,a JIG Cadogan,*,b Rino Leardini,c Hamish McNab,*,a Graham McDougald,a Daniele Nanni,c David Reeda and Alberto Zompatoric ...
Proceedings of 1996 Symposium on Volume Visualization
3. Determine the z-limits, zm¡ and г^ц, of the transformed points. ¿slice ,= ¿min te := (¿max - ... more 3. Determine the z-limits, zm¡ and г^ц, of the transformed points. ¿slice ,= ¿min te := (¿max - Zmin) / NumSlices the first algorithm above (and step 5 in the second algorithm above), is shown in Figure 2. This algorithm is basically composed of four stages: initialization, edge ...
International journal of nursing terminologies and classifications : the official journal of NANDA International
To increase awareness of the many issues involved in measuring the dose of nursing intervention i... more To increase awareness of the many issues involved in measuring the dose of nursing intervention in nursing interventions effectiveness research. Identify critical issues in measurement of the dose of nursing intervention and discuss decisions regarding dosage measurement made in a study of the effectiveness of nursing interventions. A single method can be applied to resolve two critical issues in intervention dosage measurement. Those conducting nursing interventions effectiveness research must think explicitly about how intervention dosage will be measured and reported so that dosage can be replicated in research and practice. Measuring and reporting the dose of nursing intervention in research is essential to the development of an evidence base adequate to support practice.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1986
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1998
ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 2004
Educators are increasingly acknowledging that practical problems in computer science demand basic... more Educators are increasingly acknowledging that practical problems in computer science demand basic competencies in experimentation and data analysis. However, little effort has been made towards explicitly identifying those empirical concepts and skills needed by computer scientists, nor in developing methods of integrating those concepts and skills into CS curricula. In this paper, we identify a core list of empirical competencies and motivate them based on established courses outside of computer science, their potential use in standard CS courses, and their application to real-world problems. Sample assignments that facilitate the integration of these competencies into the CS curriculum are also discussed.
Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '94, 1994
Computer graphics-based technologies are becoming increasingly intertwined with the patterns of e... more Computer graphics-based technologies are becoming increasingly intertwined with the patterns of economic change. The technologies of SIGGRAPH are understandable. The economic environment in which they thrive is not. The opportunities of the future are connected to our technological legacy. But forces more biological than mechanical are beginning to shape business and economic methods. These forces affect the diffusion of computer
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1986
Molecular vision, Jan 2, 2007
To evaluate the extent to which mutations in the optineurin (OPTN) glaucoma gene play a role in g... more To evaluate the extent to which mutations in the optineurin (OPTN) glaucoma gene play a role in glaucoma in different populations. Case-controlled study of OPTN sequence variants in individuals with or without glaucoma in populations of different ancestral origins and evaluate previous OPTN reports. We analyzed 314 subjects with African, Asian, Caucasian and Hispanic ancestries included 229 cases of primary open-angle glaucoma, 51 cases of juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma, 33 cases of normal tension glaucoma, and 371 controls. Polymerase chain reaction-amplified OPTN coding exons were resequenced and case frequencies were compared to frequencies in controls matched for ancestry. The E50K sequence variant was identified in one individual from Chile with normal tension glaucoma, and the 691_692insAG variant was found in one Ashkenazi Jewish individual from Russia. The R545Q variant was found in two Asian individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma; one of Filipino ancestry and one ...
PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Jan 23, 2010
Genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice ... more Genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) and body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus) does not reflect their phylogenetic organization. Three phylotypes of head lice A, B and C exist but body lice have been observed only in phylotype A. Head and body lice have different behaviours and only the latter have been involved in outbreaks of infectious diseases including epidemic typhus, trench fever and louse borne recurrent fever. Recent studies suggest that body lice arose several times from head louse populations. By introducing a new genotyping technique, sequencing variable intergenic spacers which were selected from louse genomic sequence, we were able to evaluate the genotypic distribution of 207 human lice. Sequence variation of two intergenic spacers, S2 and S5, discriminated the 207 lice into 148 genotypes and sequence variation of another two intergenic spacers, PM1 and PM2, discriminated 174 lice ...
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1987
ABSTRACT Synthetic and X-ray crystallographic studies on two new iminolithium compounds, [But(Ph)... more ABSTRACT Synthetic and X-ray crystallographic studies on two new iminolithium compounds, [But(Ph)CNLi]6(1) and [Me2N(Ph)CNLi]6(2), have revealed, in conjunction with previously reported work on [(Me2N)2CNLi]6(3) and (But2CNLi)6(4), a family of hexameric iminolithium species. All four compounds have remarkably similar solid-state structures based on slightly folded chair-shaped Li6 cores, the six smaller (isosceles) Li3 triangular faces of which are bridged by three-electron imino ligands through electron-deficient bonds. The precise determination of the structures of (1) and (2) has revealed features which were not apparent in the earlier limited and less fully refined structural studies on (3) and (4). Recognition of such features and their detailed analysis leads to a ring-stacking principle which envisages the formation of these hexameric structures from two slightly puckered trimeric rings, (RR′CNLi)3, brought together in a staggered arrangement. Extension of this principle allows the rationalisation of many other structures in lithium chemistry and facilitates structural predictions.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1988
Page 1. J. CHEM. SOC., CHEM. COMMUN., 1988 367 A Lie Cluster of Three Edge-connected Li4 Tetrahed... more Page 1. J. CHEM. SOC., CHEM. COMMUN., 1988 367 A Lie Cluster of Three Edge-connected Li4 Tetrahedra Held by Li-N, Li 8 C, and Li Li Interactions: Crystal Structure of ( O - L ~ C ~ H & H ~ - NL ~ = CH ~ CH ~ NM ~ ~ ) ~ and ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006
This paper proposes a new Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) resource allocation algorithm for... more This paper proposes a new Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) resource allocation algorithm for Video on Demand (VoD) when there is a mixture of standard definition (SD) and high definition (HD) video streams. We have developed a simulation model to compare this algorithm with two popular algorithms: the least-loaded algorithm and the most-loaded algorithm. We show that our algorithm, which we call the non-mixing algorithm, performs significantly better than the two existing algorithms by accommodating more streams thereby lowering the blocking probabilities under a range of assumptions of peak concurrent usage rate and percentage of HD streams. Using computer simulation we found that the non-mixing algorithm leads to an average of 4.39% higher allowed peak usage rate than the least-loaded and most-loaded algorithms.
Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2006
In its full well construction format of four or more close-clearance liners, the cost of construc... more In its full well construction format of four or more close-clearance liners, the cost of constructing the well can be reduced significantly, perhaps by more than 50%, whilst at the same time enhancing safety and reducing environmental impact. In its partial format of one to three close-...
J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1995