Dayanand Reddy - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dayanand Reddy

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Apr 1, 2007

In the present study, 50% ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira roots (CPE) in acute, subacute... more In the present study, 50% ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira roots (CPE) in acute, subacute and chronic models of inflammation was assessed in rats. Per os (p.o.) administration of CPE (200, 400 mg/kg) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity. In acute inflammation as produced by carrageenin 59.55% and 64.04%, by histamine 15.38% and 30.77%, by 5-hydroxytryptamine 17.78% and 31.11% and by prostaglandin E 2 -induced hind paw edema 19.23% and 30.77% protection was observed. While in subacute anti-inflammatory models using formaldehyde-induced hind paw edema (after 1.5 h) 38.36% and 47.95% and in chronic anti-inflammatory model using cotton pellet granuloma 15.02% and 19.19% protection from inflammation was observed. CPE did not show any sign of toxicity and mortality up to a dose level of 1000 mg/kg, p.o. in rats. Both acute as well as chronic administration of CPE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) did not produce any gastric lesion in rats. These data indicate that CPE possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity without ulcerogenic activity suggesting its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent for use in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.

Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2020

Background: The association of psychiatric illness with altered cytokine profile and changes in n... more Background: The association of psychiatric illness with altered cytokine profile and changes in neurobehavior are well known. “Karisalai chooranam” (KSC) is a polyherbal preparation, contains equal proportion of six ingredients namely Eclipta prostrata Linn., Acalypha indica Linn., Sphaeranthus indicus Linn., Indigofera tinctoria Linn., Centella asiatica Linn., and Wedelia chinensis. Restraint stress is reported to be a model for psychological stress. It was hypothesized that KSC might protect against restraint stress-induced detrimental effects. Objectives: The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of KSC against detrimental effects of psychological stress. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were subjected to restraint stress (6 h/day, 21 days). At the end of stress, rats were subjected to elevated plus maze (EPM) and Moris Water Maze studies. Blood was collected and examined for interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay. Results: Restraint stress produced raise in the plasma IL-6 and decrease in the IL-10 level. Abnormalities in memory and anxiety level were seen. The effects of KSC in preventing detrimental effects on spatial recognition skill and reference memory were observed in Morris water maze analysis. In EPM trail, the anxiety developed due to restraint stress was prevented by the KSC. Conclusion: KSC was found to have action against psychological stress-induced neurobehavioral changes and stress-induced alteration in cytokines which play important roles in the development of psychological stress.

PubMed, Mar 1, 2004

The antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) root... more The antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) roots was assessed on experimental animals. The hydroethanolic extract (25-100 mg dry extract kg(-1) body mass, p.o.) exhibited a dose dependent decrease in the total number of faecal droppings (control 65, reduced to 26-46) and 29.2-60.0% inhibition in castor oil-induced diarrhoea. Further, C. pareira produced a significant (p < 0.01) and dose dependent reduction in intestinal fluids accumulation (26.0-59.0%). The extract showed a greater inhibitory effect on the concentration of Na+ (20.0 and 34.5%) than on the concentration of K+ (6.7 and 9.4%). The extract also reduced dose dependently the gastrointestinal transit from 46.4 and 38.7%, equivalent to 53.6 and 61.3%. However, C. pareira significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation and inhibited the decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase and catalase) on prior administration to castor oil-induced fluid accumulation. The extract of C. pareira had no effect on normal defecation at 25 mg kg(-1) in mice. However, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) inhibited defecation by 100% in the initial 2 h and the activity was reduced to 40.0 and 73.0%, respectively, in the third hour.

International journal of life science and pharma research, Nov 18, 2022

Ayapoonaga chendooram (APNC) and Seenthilchoornam (SC) are two polyherbal Siddha formulations tha... more Ayapoonaga chendooram (APNC) and Seenthilchoornam (SC) are two polyherbal Siddha formulations that traditionally have been used as a folklore medicine to treat rheumatism, orchitis, bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis (TB), and cough. In the present study, an attempt has been made to demonstrate the antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of individual APNC and SC and also in their combination (APNC+SC). The acute anti-inflammatory effect of APNC, SC and their combination was evaluated in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in wistar rats. Diclofenac sodium was used as reference drug for comparison. The immunomodulatory activity was evaluated in rats by studying the hemagglutination antibody (HA) titer, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and the Ig E levels. The cyclophosphamide is used as an immunosuppressant.Diclofenac Sodium (50mg/kg) significantly inhibited the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, indicating its strong anti-inflammatory activity. APNC ( mg/kg b.w.p.o) at 2nd hour and APNC+SC (13+200 mg/kg b.w.) at 3rd hour had shown moderate inhibition of paw edema, indicating their mild-moderate anti-inflammatory activity but statistically, no significant difference was observed (p>0.05). Oral administration of APNC, SC, and APNC + SC for 21 days increases the left paw volume at 1 st hour and 2 nd hour resulting in hypersensitivity reaction in rats. The agglutination (dilution factor 1:200) was visually observed in APNC 130mg/kg b.w. (moderate agglutination) and in APNC + SC (high agglutination) results in humoral immunity. Mild increased levels of Ig E were observed in APNC (30 mg/kg b.w.), SC (200 mg/kg b.w.) and in APNC + SC (65+1000 mg/kg b.w.). Under the conditions of the present study, single oral administration of APNC, SC and their combination has shown mild anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw edema in experimental rats. The immunity has been stimulated by APNC (13mg/kg b.w.) and SC (2000mg/kg b.w.).

Advanced Materials Letters, 2018

Nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively being used in modern life due to their distinctive properties... more Nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively being used in modern life due to their distinctive properties like small size having large surface area. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs are mostly used in cosmetic products, food additives, pharmaceuticals and electronics. They are capable of inducing oxidative stress in both animals and human. The intention of this study was to find out the hepatotoxic effect of TiO2 NPs on the male Wistar rats. The animals were divided in to three groups. First group received normal saline; Second group received TiO2 NPs (50 mg/kg/bw) for 14 days continuously, while third group received TiO2 NPs (100 mg/kg/bw) for the same duration. The increased levels of specific markers AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and GGT along with the TBARS, LOOH, CD and PC in the liver clearly shows the hepatotoxic action of TiO2. The hepatotoxic nature of TiO2 NPs was more evidenced by the diminished activity of antioxidant enzymes levels and also showed augmented DNA damage and fragmentation in hepatocytes. In conclusion, the data indicated that TiO2 NPs induced oxidative stress which produces hepatotoxicity in the rat liver.

Synthetic Communications, 2003

Oxidative Deoximation with Catalytic Sodium Tungstate. -A mild and efficient method for the trans... more Oxidative Deoximation with Catalytic Sodium Tungstate. -A mild and efficient method for the transformation of oximes (I) into the corresponding ketones (II) is reported. -(MANJULA, A.;

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, Oct 31, 2017

Lysosomal membrane damage suggests that it would be the major contributing factor of myocardial i... more Lysosomal membrane damage suggests that it would be the major contributing factor of myocardial infarction followed by necrosis. The present investigation was carried out on the defensive effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena Mill. L. extract on alterations in myocardial lysosomal enzyme activity and membrane bound Na + /K + ATPases against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. On treatment with isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight) for two consecutive days, animals have shown a significant increase in serum creatinine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase and lysosomal enzyme activity; whereas membrane bound Na + /K + ATPases and tissue antioxidants were decreased. Pre-treatment with Rosa damascena Mill. L. extracts 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight respectively, for 28 days, significantly prevented the alterations and restored the CK-MB, LDH, tissue antioxidants and lysosomal enzyme activity to near-normal status in rats. These findings demonstrate that Rosa damascena could preserve lysosomal integrity through increasing the antioxidant enzyme levels and membrane bound Na + /K + ATPases integrity. The cardio protective activity of Rosa damascena was further supported by histopathological examination of heart sections. Hence all these findings confirm cardio protective potential of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena.

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2018

Background: Aruvadha Churnam, a Siddha formulation is commonly employed in Siddha system of medic... more Background: Aruvadha Churnam, a Siddha formulation is commonly employed in Siddha system of medicine in management of hepatic ailments. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti-hepatotoxic potential of Aruvadha Churnam against Paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar Albino rats. Materials and Methods: Aruvadha Churnam at 360, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg/day, p.o. doses were administered orally to rats for 8 days. Silymarin (50 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) was used as a reference drug in the study. Single dose of Paracetamol (3 g/kg, p.o.) was administered on the 8th day after treatment. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after the administration of Paracetamol, and serumlevels of liver markers (SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Bilirubin), Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Creatinine, Total Protein and Albumin were measured. Livers were excised from animals for histopathological studies. Results: Pretreatment with different dosages of Aruvadha Churnamlowered the levels of the serum parameters when compared to the hepatotoxic control group, which indicates the regeneration of damaged hepatocytes and restoration of its normal functions. The formulation was found to be effective at 1800mg/kg bw (Intermediate dose)whereas 2400mg/kg bw (High dose) showed a ceiling effect. The biochemical observations were paralleled by histopathological findings in rat liver both in the case of paracetamol and treatment groups. Conclusion: The current investigation supports the claim that this traditional siddha formulation is used in the treatment of liver ailments and also provides scientific evidence for its protective effects against Paracetamol induced hepatic damage.

Journal of Natural Medicines, Mar 18, 2010

The antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Helicteres isora Linn. (Sterculiaceae) root... more The antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Helicteres isora Linn. (Sterculiaceae) root extracts were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and a possible mechanism of the blood glucose lowering action was studied. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats experienced 69.13 and 51.14%, 22.60 and 21.89%, 30.12 and 19.96%, and 50.05 and 34.29% reduction in blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea levels following oral administration of butanol and aqueous ethanol extracts of H. isora root, respectively, at 250 mg/kg for 10 days. The beneficial effects of these extracts were supported by evidence from histological examinations of the liver, pancreas, and kidney. Following the treatment with both extracts, the degenerative changes caused by alloxan in pancreatic cells were restored, particularly with the butanol extract. Histological examination convincingly showed the restoration of pancreatic islets, kidney glomeruli, and liver to its normal size. These results suggest that H. isora roots possess antidiabetic principles and can be useful for treatment of diabetes.

Extreme Mechanics Letters, 2017

Nanoporous gold is a material with unique properties that make it attractive for use in multiple ... more Nanoporous gold is a material with unique properties that make it attractive for use in multiple areas. It has an extremely high compressive strain capability but is very brittle in tension which limits its usage. One means of addressing this limitation is to fill the voids of the nanoporous material with a polymer, resulting in a more ductile and stronger material. In this work, the mechanical properties of a nanocomposite representative sample are studied numerically. The study is based on homogenization with the use of three types of boundary conditions. The stress-strain response within the composite is also analysed. Under a pure compression test, the sample shows both compressive and tensile strains and stresses. This is due to the complex interaction within the microstructure. Within the composite, the polymer is still considerably more compliant than the gold material showing much higher strains. The resultant forces, moments and torques acting on representative ligament cross-sections are also investigated under compressive loading. Bending moments and normal forces dominate the modes of loading. Ligaments along the compression axis show markedly higher normal forces compared to ligaments perpendicular to this axis. The normal stress distributions of the ligaments show clear trends towards combined bending and normal forces while there is no discernible pattern to the shear stress distributions. These nevertheless generate high shear forces and torques.

Advances in traditional medicine, Feb 20, 2021

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is described as a disorder with a sudden loss of kidney function. AKI i... more Acute kidney injury (AKI) is described as a disorder with a sudden loss of kidney function. AKI is also attributed to several aetiologies such as diabetes, cardiac problems, etc. Developing a therapy for AKI is challenging due to its complex pathophysiology. The present study investigated the effect of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm f. aqueous extract, a Siddha Kalpha drug, against gentamicin-induced AKI. Animals were initially pre-administered with different concentrations of S. amaranthoides and later induced with gentamicin on the 8th day. Biochemical, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant markers were analysed. Further, HRLCMS analysis was carried out to identify the bioactive components. Components including myo-inositol, traumatic acid, rosmarinic acid, etc. were identified. In the animals induced with gentamicin, KIM1, LDH, GGT, creatinine, BUN and electrolytes were elevated in both serum and urine, while noted within normal range in S. amaranthoides pre-administered groups. Histopathology analysis revealed prevention of necrosis, tubular epithelial cell degeneration and glomerular congestion in S. amaranthoides administered animals. Lipid peroxidation, KIM1, Cystatin C, TNFα, IL6 and NFκB were within normal range in tissues. Thus, it is evident that S. amaranthoides is effective in protecting kidney damage and treating AKI. Further studies will be conducted to analyse the pathways resurrecting kidney damage.

International research journal of pharmacy, Apr 23, 2019

In the present day, world's focus turns to the herbal medicine because of the safety, efficacy an... more In the present day, world's focus turns to the herbal medicine because of the safety, efficacy and easy accessibility of herbal plants and also mainly due to the side effects of modern drugs. Siddha system is practiced mainly in traditional tamil speaking people present in India and also throughout the world. It is a powerful system of medicine in Indian system and treats the diseases by using herbs, inorganic substances and animal products. Siddha system contains several types of formulations and Kudineer formulation is one of the types which include only dried and grinded herbs. 'Thetran vidhai kudineer', is a poly herbal siddha formulation comprising of four plants namely Strychnos potatorum, Terminalia chebula, Cassia auriculata and Limonia acidissima. This review describes various facets like morphological characters, active constituents and pharmacological properties of ingredients of Thetran vidhai kudineer.

253-260Daucus carota L. was first used for medical purposes and gradually used as a food worldwid... more 253-260Daucus carota L. was first used for medical purposes and gradually used as a food worldwide and it has been endorsed in relic Ayurvedic scriptures in India and is being used in many Ayurvedic formulations as a chief ingredient. The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of D. carota L. extract against ethylene glycol (EG) and Vitamin D3 induced urolithiasis rats. The protective effect of D. carota L. root extract was studied in a dose-dependent manner by using 200 and 400 mg/kg in rats for four weeks and the anti-urolithiatic potentiality was accessed by measuring the parameters like calcium, sodium, potassium, oxalate, inorganic phosphate, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid were estimated in both serum and urine by using commercial diagnostic kits. The in vivo antioxidant activity of D. carota L. was also evaluated and histopathological changes that occurred in the kidney observed. Serum and urinary levels of calcium, creatinine, oxal...

International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archive, 2018

Antimicrobial agents are the drugs that kill or suppress the growth of microorganisms. The discov... more Antimicrobial agents are the drugs that kill or suppress the growth of microorganisms. The discovery of antimicrobial agents in 1928 marked the origin of antibiotic era. They were widelyused in the treatment of dreadful infectious diseases and their use has made possible the therapy of cancer and surgical transplantations without facing the death. The infections that were once controlled by antimicrobial agents are turning unresponsive due to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Activities like irrational antibiotic use, use of antimicrobial agents for non-therapeutic purposes isfavoring the development of antimicrobial resistance. The spread of antimicrobial resistance is influenced by various ecological, environmental behavioural and financial factors. The rise in antimicrobial resistance contributes to alarming effects like development of pan resistant infections which are not treatable even with rarely used antibiotics like Colistine and Tigecycline resulting in increase...

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020

Helicanthes elasticus (Desv.) Danser is a common type of mistletoes of Indian origin. In Indian t... more Helicanthes elasticus (Desv.) Danser is a common type of mistletoes of Indian origin. In Indian traditional and folklore medicines the plant is claimed to possess a range of medicinal values such as immunomodulator, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial properties. However, there is no experimental proof for its therapeutic claim. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of H. elastica were evaluated for its immunomodulatory effect on antibody formation against sheep red blood cells and on cell mediated immunity of immunological paw edema model. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts have shown dose dependent elevation in the antibody titer value in comparison to control group at 14th and 21st day of sensitization (**p < 0.01). There is a mild to moderate elevation were observed in the immunological paw edema at highest dose (400 mg/kg) during 21st day after sensitization. The histopathological observation shows that there is an increase in the white pulp of spleen and increased cellularity and formation of distinct germinal cells in lymph node. H. elasticus extracts possess marked antibody formation propensity without significant modification on cell mediated immunity.

International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy, 2017

Metabolic syndrome also known as Insulin resistance syndrome is defined as a cluster of several c... more Metabolic syndrome also known as Insulin resistance syndrome is defined as a cluster of several cardiovascular and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus risk factors including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Contributing factors for the features of metabolic syndrome can be hereditary or environmental. Thus it is a multifactorial condition with an alarming rate of prevalence having effect upon health and quality of life of patients. This review aims to focus on prevalence, pathophysiology, biochemical changes and possible therapies in the management of metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle modifications with specific recommendations on diet and exercise remains the initial intervention of choice for metabolic syndrome followed by surgical therapies but which face severe drawbacks. Being a collection of various conditions, allopathic management of metabolic syndrome involves combinational treatment than individual therapy of each condition.

Fitoterapia, Apr 1, 2003

Extracts of Caralluma attenuata are screened for their antihyperglycemic activity. Ethanol, chlor... more Extracts of Caralluma attenuata are screened for their antihyperglycemic activity. Ethanol, chloroform and butanol extracts were tested on glucose loaded and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In both tests, the butanol extract, at the oral dose of 250 mg/kg, has shown statistically significant and considerable antihyperglycemic activity.

Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2017

Objective: To evaluate the effect of combination of low dose of atorvastatin plus ezetimibe and a... more Objective: To evaluate the effect of combination of low dose of atorvastatin plus ezetimibe and aspirin in the treatment of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease (AVD) with special emphasis on rhabdomyolysis. Experimental Design: Thirty male rats were allocated to five groups as normal control, disease control, and test groups I, II, III. All groups except normal control group received high fat diet for 10 weeks and treatment was initiated in test groups after the completion of 4 th week, after rise in lipid levels and bodyweight of the rats when compared with normal control rats was noted. Normal control and disease control group animals received vehicle and test groups were treated with ezetimibe, 0.986mg/kg (Clinical dose 10 mg) and aspirin, 7.708mg/kg (Clinical dose 75 mg) along with differential doses of atorvastatin per orally. Test groups I, II, III received atorvastatin dose of 1.027mg/kg, 0.770mg/kg, 0.513mg/kg p.o. respectively which were equal to clinical doses of 10mg, 7.5mg and 5 mg of atorvastatin respectively. Body weight, lipid profile and grip strength were evaluated biweekly and histopathology of aorta was carried out at the end of the study. Results: The results of study reveal that test group II had significantly decreased the increased body weight, lipid levels, accumulation of lipids on the walls of aorta and incidence of rhabdomyolysis. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that atorvastatin at clinical dose of 7.5 mg have shown a decrease in the incidence rhabdomyolysis without loss of hypolipidemic activity when given along with clinical doses of ezetimibe and aspirin in the management of AVD.

Department of Pharmacology, Siddha Central Research Institute, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, In... more Department of Pharmacology, Siddha Central Research Institute, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. 2 RCH Division & Department of Clinical Research, Siddha Central Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Former HOD, Dept. of KuzhanthaiMaruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai Tamilnadu, India 4 Department of Biochemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Anjali Chatterjee RegionalResearch Institute for Homeopathy, Kolkata, India. *Corresponding author E-mail:dayanand01@gmail.com. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT