Debra Crews - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Debra Crews
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Nov 1, 2018
To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause o... more To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause of the "yips" from those that appear to be non-dystonic. 27 golfers completed 10 two-handed and 10 right hand only putts. Surface EMG assessed forearm muscle co-contraction and motion detectors monitored wrist and putter movements. Based on videotape review, golfers were grouped into those with yips of dystonic etiology, those with the yips non-dystonic, and those with no yips. On video review of two-handed putting, five golfers had yips that appeared to be dystonic, nine had yips that did not appear to be dystonic, and 13 had no yips. During two-handed putting co-occurrence of a yipped putt and wrist flexor/extensor and/or pronator/supinator co-contraction was significantly more frequent in those with dystonic yips. The dystonic group had no increase in the number of yipped putts or yips with co-contraction when putting right hand only, while the non-dystonic group had significantly more yipped putts and more yipped putts with co-contraction with right hand only. Quantitative methods were identified that appear to identify golfers with a dystonic etiology for the yips. It is not just the frequency of yips nor just specific motion patterns alone, rather it is also a combination of yips with co-occurring co-contraction when putting with two hands, and then right hand only, that distinguished this possible etiology. Despite being a small study, identifying a dystonic pattern, even in a non-pressure indoor setting, may aid in assessment and possible monitoring of treatment.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Oct 1, 1987
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2010
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Nov 1, 2020
The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Jun 1, 1982
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Feb 1, 1986
Male and female students of beginning golf participated in a “preshot routine” study. 8 men and 7... more Male and female students of beginning golf participated in a “preshot routine” study. 8 men and 7 women learned and practiced a specific routine of actions prior to performing a full swing while 9 men and 6 women (controls) practiced only the swing. Subjective and objective performance measures were completed before and after the 8-wk. training session. Trained men had higher posttraining scores than controls and trained women, but no significant differences were found between trained women and other groups on either measure. As trained men had superior skill before and after training, perhaps a certain level of skill must be established before the preshot routine is effective.
Movement Disorders, Jun 14, 2011
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Apr 1, 1989
Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Aug 29, 2014
This study was aimed at investigating the impact of a single exercise intervention on executive f... more This study was aimed at investigating the impact of a single exercise intervention on executive function in young adults with Down syndrome (DS). Considering the relations among executive function, physical and mental health and early onset of Alzheimer's disease in this population, we tested three components of executive function (e.g. choice-response time, attention shifting and inhibition) that have been shown to be impaired in previous studies. Ten persons with DS were assigned to an exercise group, who walked on a treadmill for 20 min at moderate intensity and ten additional persons with DS were assigned to an attentional control group, who watched a video. Measures of executive function were tested pre and post interventions. These results showed non-significant improvements in choice-response time (P = 0.32) and attention shifting (P = 0.13) but a statistically significant improvement in inhibition (P = 0.03) after the exercise intervention. Given the improved inhibition ability, exercise may be an effective intervention, even in a signal session. However, only a few studies have focused on this topic. Based on theoretical models linking exercise to executive function, we proposed that exercise may increase arousal status or enhance neural transmission. Hence, future work is needed to examine the exact mechanism in the relationship between exercise and executive function for individuals with DS.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Feb 1, 2004
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 1993
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the attentional focus patterns associated with... more The purpose of this investigation was to determine the attentional focus patterns associated with golf putting performance. Highly skilled golfers (N = 34) were assessed using electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of the motor and temporal cortices during the 3 s prior to the golf putt. Players completed 40, 12-ft putts and performance was measured in cm error from the hole. Three measures of EEG were analyzed: slow shift, 40 Hz, and relative power spectrum; representing readiness to respond, focused arousal, and general cortical activity, respectively. All three EEG measures suggested a decrease in left hemisphere, motor cortex activity as the player prepared to putt. Relative power measures also showed significant increases in right hemisphere activity in both the motor and temporal cortices. During the last second preceding the putt, increased right hemisphere alpha activity correlated with and predicted less error. Hemispheric differentiation was also reduced as subjects prepared to putt and few, but important, differences existed between the motor and temporal cortices. An important distinction occurred in the alpha band. In the motor cortex left hemisphere alpha increased significantly over time while in the temporal cortex, right hemisphere alpha increased as subjects approached stroke initiation. Differences that existed between the attentional patterns from the present study and past sport studies may relate to the use of one versus two hands to initiate the response.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Apr 1, 1980
Microform Publications, College of Human Development and Performance, University of Oregon eBooks, 1991
Journal of sport behavior, Jun 1, 1986
ABSTRACT Trained observers completed a behavior analysis on 12 tour players (aged 23–44 yrs) of t... more ABSTRACT Trained observers completed a behavior analysis on 12 tour players (aged 23–44 yrs) of the Ladies Professional Golf Association during competition, recording preshot routine behavior for the full swing and putt. Total times, partial times, different components of the routines, postshot behaviors, 1983 rank on tour, 1983 scoring average, playing performance, and years on tour were analyzed. Results indicate that all Ss were remarkably consistent with regard to time and behavioral actions such as waggles and glances at the hole. It was observed that the more successful players utilized significantly longer full swing and preshot routines and varied from lower-ranked players in length. It is suggested that the longer preshot routines of successful players reflect more developed visualization and imagery strategies. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
International Journal of Sport Psychology, 1987
International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Multimedia for Personal Health and Health Care
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Nov 1, 2018
To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause o... more To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause of the "yips" from those that appear to be non-dystonic. 27 golfers completed 10 two-handed and 10 right hand only putts. Surface EMG assessed forearm muscle co-contraction and motion detectors monitored wrist and putter movements. Based on videotape review, golfers were grouped into those with yips of dystonic etiology, those with the yips non-dystonic, and those with no yips. On video review of two-handed putting, five golfers had yips that appeared to be dystonic, nine had yips that did not appear to be dystonic, and 13 had no yips. During two-handed putting co-occurrence of a yipped putt and wrist flexor/extensor and/or pronator/supinator co-contraction was significantly more frequent in those with dystonic yips. The dystonic group had no increase in the number of yipped putts or yips with co-contraction when putting right hand only, while the non-dystonic group had significantly more yipped putts and more yipped putts with co-contraction with right hand only. Quantitative methods were identified that appear to identify golfers with a dystonic etiology for the yips. It is not just the frequency of yips nor just specific motion patterns alone, rather it is also a combination of yips with co-occurring co-contraction when putting with two hands, and then right hand only, that distinguished this possible etiology. Despite being a small study, identifying a dystonic pattern, even in a non-pressure indoor setting, may aid in assessment and possible monitoring of treatment.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Oct 1, 1987
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2010
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Nov 1, 2020
The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Jun 1, 1982
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Feb 1, 1986
Male and female students of beginning golf participated in a “preshot routine” study. 8 men and 7... more Male and female students of beginning golf participated in a “preshot routine” study. 8 men and 7 women learned and practiced a specific routine of actions prior to performing a full swing while 9 men and 6 women (controls) practiced only the swing. Subjective and objective performance measures were completed before and after the 8-wk. training session. Trained men had higher posttraining scores than controls and trained women, but no significant differences were found between trained women and other groups on either measure. As trained men had superior skill before and after training, perhaps a certain level of skill must be established before the preshot routine is effective.
Movement Disorders, Jun 14, 2011
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Apr 1, 1989
Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Aug 29, 2014
This study was aimed at investigating the impact of a single exercise intervention on executive f... more This study was aimed at investigating the impact of a single exercise intervention on executive function in young adults with Down syndrome (DS). Considering the relations among executive function, physical and mental health and early onset of Alzheimer's disease in this population, we tested three components of executive function (e.g. choice-response time, attention shifting and inhibition) that have been shown to be impaired in previous studies. Ten persons with DS were assigned to an exercise group, who walked on a treadmill for 20 min at moderate intensity and ten additional persons with DS were assigned to an attentional control group, who watched a video. Measures of executive function were tested pre and post interventions. These results showed non-significant improvements in choice-response time (P = 0.32) and attention shifting (P = 0.13) but a statistically significant improvement in inhibition (P = 0.03) after the exercise intervention. Given the improved inhibition ability, exercise may be an effective intervention, even in a signal session. However, only a few studies have focused on this topic. Based on theoretical models linking exercise to executive function, we proposed that exercise may increase arousal status or enhance neural transmission. Hence, future work is needed to examine the exact mechanism in the relationship between exercise and executive function for individuals with DS.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Feb 1, 2004
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 1993
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the attentional focus patterns associated with... more The purpose of this investigation was to determine the attentional focus patterns associated with golf putting performance. Highly skilled golfers (N = 34) were assessed using electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of the motor and temporal cortices during the 3 s prior to the golf putt. Players completed 40, 12-ft putts and performance was measured in cm error from the hole. Three measures of EEG were analyzed: slow shift, 40 Hz, and relative power spectrum; representing readiness to respond, focused arousal, and general cortical activity, respectively. All three EEG measures suggested a decrease in left hemisphere, motor cortex activity as the player prepared to putt. Relative power measures also showed significant increases in right hemisphere activity in both the motor and temporal cortices. During the last second preceding the putt, increased right hemisphere alpha activity correlated with and predicted less error. Hemispheric differentiation was also reduced as subjects prepared to putt and few, but important, differences existed between the motor and temporal cortices. An important distinction occurred in the alpha band. In the motor cortex left hemisphere alpha increased significantly over time while in the temporal cortex, right hemisphere alpha increased as subjects approached stroke initiation. Differences that existed between the attentional patterns from the present study and past sport studies may relate to the use of one versus two hands to initiate the response.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Apr 1, 1980
Microform Publications, College of Human Development and Performance, University of Oregon eBooks, 1991
Journal of sport behavior, Jun 1, 1986
ABSTRACT Trained observers completed a behavior analysis on 12 tour players (aged 23–44 yrs) of t... more ABSTRACT Trained observers completed a behavior analysis on 12 tour players (aged 23–44 yrs) of the Ladies Professional Golf Association during competition, recording preshot routine behavior for the full swing and putt. Total times, partial times, different components of the routines, postshot behaviors, 1983 rank on tour, 1983 scoring average, playing performance, and years on tour were analyzed. Results indicate that all Ss were remarkably consistent with regard to time and behavioral actions such as waggles and glances at the hole. It was observed that the more successful players utilized significantly longer full swing and preshot routines and varied from lower-ranked players in length. It is suggested that the longer preshot routines of successful players reflect more developed visualization and imagery strategies. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
International Journal of Sport Psychology, 1987
International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Multimedia for Personal Health and Health Care