Dele Adeniyi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dele Adeniyi
Emerging Trends in Plant Pathology, 2020
In modern-day agriculture, with the population increasing at an alarming rate, it's difficult to ... more In modern-day agriculture, with the population increasing at an alarming rate, it's difficult to increase the production with the ever-decreasing land and water resources. The plant diseases alone account for more that 15-20% of the yield loss caused by the various biotic and abiotic factors. Efficient management of these plant pathogens will help in increasing the productivity of the crop and lead to enhanced production. Among the various disease management strategies, the chemical control using the fungicides has been the most widely adopted method for fungal disease management. There have been many adverse effects on the environment and human health associated with the use of the traditional fungicides that were less efficient and broad spectrum. In order to overcome the limitation of these fungicides, many new fungicides with novel mode of action have been developed in the past two decades. These so-called new-generation fungicides are highly efficient even at low doses, are more target specific, and leave no or very less residue on the produce. This chapter reiterates the different new-generation fungicides along with their mode of action and target pathogens.
African Journal of Plant Science, 2014
A nursery experiment was carried out in Akure (rain forest zone), south-western Nigeria to study ... more A nursery experiment was carried out in Akure (rain forest zone), south-western Nigeria to study relative effect(s) of some organic wastes as fertilizers on growth performance, soil and leaf chemical composition of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) in the nursery. The experiment comprised of five treatments: Cowpea Pod Husk (CPH) (2.5 t/ha), cocoa pod husk ash (CPHA) (2.5 t/ha), kola pod husk (KPH) (2.5 t/ha), NPK15-15-15 (2.5 t/ha) and control (no fertilizer application). Each treatment was applied to 2.5 kg of soil filled polythene bags containing cocoa seedlings. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The organic wastes increased significantly (P>0.05) the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh root and shoot weights and dry root and shoot weights of cocoa seedlings. The treatments also increased significantly (P>0.05) soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, soil pH and organic matter (OM) content re...
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2017
Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat) Griffon & Maubl. is a pathogen causing inflorescence dieback disea... more Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat) Griffon & Maubl. is a pathogen causing inflorescence dieback disease of cashew in Nigeria and also a common pathogen with a wide host range in the tropics and sub-tropics. The character variations in this pathogen necessitate better understanding of it towards development of management strategies. Isolates identified as L. theobromae were cultured from inflorescence dieback disease of cashew across growing ecologies of Nigeria and studied base on morphological characters. Variability in mycelial texture and colour, conidia and septa sizes and pycnidia production were recorded in this study. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and WARD clustering analysis identified four well-supported traits within the isolate group. Isolates within each cluster was: 2, 2, 4 and 1 respectively and isolate CDA1416 (Obollo-Afor) and CDA2924 (Idi-Ayunre) in cluster III were the most similar. Members within clusters I and II united at the semi-partial R-Square distance ...
Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology, 2020
No .
Theobroma Cacao - Deploying Science for Sustainability of Global Cocoa Economy, 2019
Cacao, Theobroma cacao L., an important cash crop in foreign exchange earnings and also a major i... more Cacao, Theobroma cacao L., an important cash crop in foreign exchange earnings and also a major income source for many smallholder farmers in growing ecologies of West Africa. Global cocoa production has been rising fairly steadily over the years by increasing production in growing countries with most of the production taking place in areas of high pathogen biodiversity. Thus, the sustainability of the cocoa economy is under threat as diseases of various statuses now constitute the most serious constraint to production. Most important among these is the black pod disease caused by Phytophthora genus with annual losses of 30-90% of the crop. This economically important pathogen is very diverse in nature and varied across growing countries including species such as palmivora, megakarya, capsici and citrophthora distinguished based on chromosome number, sporangial characteristics and pedicel length. World losses of 20-25% in cacao production are due to black pod disease, an estimate of 700,000 metric tons on global scale reducing global cocoa production. High cacao loss to diseases is a prime factor limiting production; consequently, significant effort is required to deal with problems associated with disease control to ensure a sustainable cacao. The effective and sustainable management of black pod disease requires integrated approach encompassing different control measures.
Agricultural Sciences, 2019
A nursery experiment was conducted at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria to evaluate the impact ... more A nursery experiment was conducted at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria to evaluate the impact of manure on cashew seedlings. Treatments consisted of biochar, compost, combination of biochar + compost and a control. Treatments were applied at rate of 0 g (control), 5 g compost, 5 g biochar and 2.5 g each of biochar and compost combination into 5 kg soil in pots, laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The experiment was monitored for four months in the greenhouse. Data were collected on number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, soil nutrient composition and nutrient uptake, all analyzed using analysis of variance. The treated soils were also assayed on Potato Dextrose Agar for associated mycoflora. The study showed that the soil P H , N, P, K, Ca and Mg were equally enhanced significantly relative to the control, while Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Beauverie, Penicillium, Lasiodiplodia and Rhizopus cultured treated soils shows that Trichoderma harzianum and Beauverie bassiana were significantly higher
International Journal of Insect Science, 2016
The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causi... more The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causing economic damage in cashew plantations even at low density. In this study, newly emerged adults of A. trifasciata reared from field-infested cashew stems were collected from the rearing cages, sexed, and dissected to reveal the internal structures of the insects. The gut was excised and separated into the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The dissected gut compartments were blotted dry by sandwiching in sterile Whatman No. 1 (150 mm) filter paper for a minute. The inoculated gut parts showed the presence of eight fungi flora, namely, Aspergillus repens, Trichoderma spp., Fusarium verticillioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, yeast, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp., and Rhizopus stolonifer. The frequencies of occurrence of bacteria in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata were Enterobacter spp.: 83.33%; Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spp.: 55.56% each; Staphylococcus spp.: 44.44%; Klebsie...
Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2016
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2015
Extracts of four plant species, red acalypha (Acalypha hispida), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata),... more Extracts of four plant species, red acalypha (Acalypha hispida), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata), aidan (Tetrapleura tetraptera), and neem (Azadirachta indica) were screened in-vitro for fungitoxicity against Lasiodiplodia theobromae (cashew inflorescence blight pathogen) at four different concentrations viz., 10, 20, 40 and 80%. The result shows that the plants extracts significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mycelia growth of the fungus. The fungitoxicity of the plant extracts against L. theobromae also varied with concentration. Extract from T. tetraptera exhibited maximum efficacy in reducing the mycelia growth of L. theobromae to 9.83 mm at 80% concentration while the highest mycelia growth of 59.33 mm was recorded in extract of A. hispida at 40% concentration. C. odorata at 10% concentration reduced the colony diameter to 50.50 mm while 20% T. tetraptera inhibited the pathogen to 42.33 mm. The percentage reduction in colony diameter by each of the phytoextracts ranged between 30.20 and 88.44%. Findings from this study reveal the possibility of utilizing naturally available plant chemicals for controlling L. theobromae with the ultimate goal of eliminating pesticide residues in the marketable products of cashew.
Journal of Agricultural Science, Dec 13, 2017
Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology
No .
Objective: The period of fermentation of cocoa beans has significant effect on the color, the mic... more Objective: The period of fermentation of cocoa beans has significant effect on the color, the microbial load as well as the quality and nutritional content of the beans. The objective of this study is to detect mycoflora that are associated with cocoa bean at different fermentation stages The objective of this study was detect the mycoflora that are associated with periods of fermentation of cocoa beans. Methodology and results: Studies were carried out on the determination of the mycoflora associated with fermentation of cocoa beans from ripe cacao pods of the F3 Amazon hybrid, collected from the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) plot in the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan. Samples were taken from the cocoa beans fermented for 1-7 days for inoculation on Difco Potato Dextrose Agar, paying attention to the pH, colour of the beans and taking records of the ensuing fungi. Two grams (2g) of each of the selected beans sample were cut separately into small pieces, surface ste...
Emerging Trends in Plant Pathology, 2020
In modern-day agriculture, with the population increasing at an alarming rate, it's difficult to ... more In modern-day agriculture, with the population increasing at an alarming rate, it's difficult to increase the production with the ever-decreasing land and water resources. The plant diseases alone account for more that 15-20% of the yield loss caused by the various biotic and abiotic factors. Efficient management of these plant pathogens will help in increasing the productivity of the crop and lead to enhanced production. Among the various disease management strategies, the chemical control using the fungicides has been the most widely adopted method for fungal disease management. There have been many adverse effects on the environment and human health associated with the use of the traditional fungicides that were less efficient and broad spectrum. In order to overcome the limitation of these fungicides, many new fungicides with novel mode of action have been developed in the past two decades. These so-called new-generation fungicides are highly efficient even at low doses, are more target specific, and leave no or very less residue on the produce. This chapter reiterates the different new-generation fungicides along with their mode of action and target pathogens.
African Journal of Plant Science, 2014
A nursery experiment was carried out in Akure (rain forest zone), south-western Nigeria to study ... more A nursery experiment was carried out in Akure (rain forest zone), south-western Nigeria to study relative effect(s) of some organic wastes as fertilizers on growth performance, soil and leaf chemical composition of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) in the nursery. The experiment comprised of five treatments: Cowpea Pod Husk (CPH) (2.5 t/ha), cocoa pod husk ash (CPHA) (2.5 t/ha), kola pod husk (KPH) (2.5 t/ha), NPK15-15-15 (2.5 t/ha) and control (no fertilizer application). Each treatment was applied to 2.5 kg of soil filled polythene bags containing cocoa seedlings. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The organic wastes increased significantly (P>0.05) the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh root and shoot weights and dry root and shoot weights of cocoa seedlings. The treatments also increased significantly (P>0.05) soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, soil pH and organic matter (OM) content re...
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2017
Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat) Griffon & Maubl. is a pathogen causing inflorescence dieback disea... more Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat) Griffon & Maubl. is a pathogen causing inflorescence dieback disease of cashew in Nigeria and also a common pathogen with a wide host range in the tropics and sub-tropics. The character variations in this pathogen necessitate better understanding of it towards development of management strategies. Isolates identified as L. theobromae were cultured from inflorescence dieback disease of cashew across growing ecologies of Nigeria and studied base on morphological characters. Variability in mycelial texture and colour, conidia and septa sizes and pycnidia production were recorded in this study. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and WARD clustering analysis identified four well-supported traits within the isolate group. Isolates within each cluster was: 2, 2, 4 and 1 respectively and isolate CDA1416 (Obollo-Afor) and CDA2924 (Idi-Ayunre) in cluster III were the most similar. Members within clusters I and II united at the semi-partial R-Square distance ...
Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology, 2020
No .
Theobroma Cacao - Deploying Science for Sustainability of Global Cocoa Economy, 2019
Cacao, Theobroma cacao L., an important cash crop in foreign exchange earnings and also a major i... more Cacao, Theobroma cacao L., an important cash crop in foreign exchange earnings and also a major income source for many smallholder farmers in growing ecologies of West Africa. Global cocoa production has been rising fairly steadily over the years by increasing production in growing countries with most of the production taking place in areas of high pathogen biodiversity. Thus, the sustainability of the cocoa economy is under threat as diseases of various statuses now constitute the most serious constraint to production. Most important among these is the black pod disease caused by Phytophthora genus with annual losses of 30-90% of the crop. This economically important pathogen is very diverse in nature and varied across growing countries including species such as palmivora, megakarya, capsici and citrophthora distinguished based on chromosome number, sporangial characteristics and pedicel length. World losses of 20-25% in cacao production are due to black pod disease, an estimate of 700,000 metric tons on global scale reducing global cocoa production. High cacao loss to diseases is a prime factor limiting production; consequently, significant effort is required to deal with problems associated with disease control to ensure a sustainable cacao. The effective and sustainable management of black pod disease requires integrated approach encompassing different control measures.
Agricultural Sciences, 2019
A nursery experiment was conducted at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria to evaluate the impact ... more A nursery experiment was conducted at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria to evaluate the impact of manure on cashew seedlings. Treatments consisted of biochar, compost, combination of biochar + compost and a control. Treatments were applied at rate of 0 g (control), 5 g compost, 5 g biochar and 2.5 g each of biochar and compost combination into 5 kg soil in pots, laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The experiment was monitored for four months in the greenhouse. Data were collected on number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, soil nutrient composition and nutrient uptake, all analyzed using analysis of variance. The treated soils were also assayed on Potato Dextrose Agar for associated mycoflora. The study showed that the soil P H , N, P, K, Ca and Mg were equally enhanced significantly relative to the control, while Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Beauverie, Penicillium, Lasiodiplodia and Rhizopus cultured treated soils shows that Trichoderma harzianum and Beauverie bassiana were significantly higher
International Journal of Insect Science, 2016
The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causi... more The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causing economic damage in cashew plantations even at low density. In this study, newly emerged adults of A. trifasciata reared from field-infested cashew stems were collected from the rearing cages, sexed, and dissected to reveal the internal structures of the insects. The gut was excised and separated into the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The dissected gut compartments were blotted dry by sandwiching in sterile Whatman No. 1 (150 mm) filter paper for a minute. The inoculated gut parts showed the presence of eight fungi flora, namely, Aspergillus repens, Trichoderma spp., Fusarium verticillioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, yeast, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp., and Rhizopus stolonifer. The frequencies of occurrence of bacteria in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata were Enterobacter spp.: 83.33%; Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spp.: 55.56% each; Staphylococcus spp.: 44.44%; Klebsie...
Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2016
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2015
Extracts of four plant species, red acalypha (Acalypha hispida), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata),... more Extracts of four plant species, red acalypha (Acalypha hispida), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata), aidan (Tetrapleura tetraptera), and neem (Azadirachta indica) were screened in-vitro for fungitoxicity against Lasiodiplodia theobromae (cashew inflorescence blight pathogen) at four different concentrations viz., 10, 20, 40 and 80%. The result shows that the plants extracts significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mycelia growth of the fungus. The fungitoxicity of the plant extracts against L. theobromae also varied with concentration. Extract from T. tetraptera exhibited maximum efficacy in reducing the mycelia growth of L. theobromae to 9.83 mm at 80% concentration while the highest mycelia growth of 59.33 mm was recorded in extract of A. hispida at 40% concentration. C. odorata at 10% concentration reduced the colony diameter to 50.50 mm while 20% T. tetraptera inhibited the pathogen to 42.33 mm. The percentage reduction in colony diameter by each of the phytoextracts ranged between 30.20 and 88.44%. Findings from this study reveal the possibility of utilizing naturally available plant chemicals for controlling L. theobromae with the ultimate goal of eliminating pesticide residues in the marketable products of cashew.
Journal of Agricultural Science, Dec 13, 2017
Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology
No .
Objective: The period of fermentation of cocoa beans has significant effect on the color, the mic... more Objective: The period of fermentation of cocoa beans has significant effect on the color, the microbial load as well as the quality and nutritional content of the beans. The objective of this study is to detect mycoflora that are associated with cocoa bean at different fermentation stages The objective of this study was detect the mycoflora that are associated with periods of fermentation of cocoa beans. Methodology and results: Studies were carried out on the determination of the mycoflora associated with fermentation of cocoa beans from ripe cacao pods of the F3 Amazon hybrid, collected from the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) plot in the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan. Samples were taken from the cocoa beans fermented for 1-7 days for inoculation on Difco Potato Dextrose Agar, paying attention to the pH, colour of the beans and taking records of the ensuing fungi. Two grams (2g) of each of the selected beans sample were cut separately into small pieces, surface ste...