Dennis B Gallagher - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dennis B Gallagher
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, 2010
A summary of these specialist reports (Parts 1 and 2) was published in 2008 in the monograph on t... more A summary of these specialist reports (Parts 1 and 2) was published in 2008 in the monograph on the Holyrood Parliament Site Project: Scotland's Parliament Site and the Canongate: Archaeology and History by the Holyrood Archaeology Project Team, Chapter 3.9 & 3.10 (HAPT 2008). Except for sections 3.9 and 3.10, Chapter 3 in that monograph has been repeated here as Part 3, in order to provide the archaeological context for the artefactual and environmental evidence alongside the specialist reports.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Nov 30, 1994
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Excavation at Argyll's Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion fr... more Excavation at Argyll's Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from the early 17th century onwards, including its use as a military hospital. Excavations also took place on the site of the demolished south wing. Analysis of the historical development of the main house shows an expansion of the house and garden during the 17th century, with a later contraction of the property.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
The courtyard attached to the 15th century towerhouse contained a second residential building, in... more The courtyard attached to the 15th century towerhouse contained a second residential building, interpreted as hall and chamber, and a kitchen block. Discussion includes history and architectural analysis of the tower and field survey of the surrounding land. Wide range of 17th century artefacts (see also 90/728). A R
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2010
Extensive contemporary documentation of the fort's construction survives in the archives of the B... more Extensive contemporary documentation of the fort's construction survives in the archives of the Board of Ordnance. This paper describes archaeological fi eldwork carried out during conservation works between 1990 and 2005. Excavation was undertaken on the East Front, the Point Battery at the western extremity, and the North and South Casemates. Work was also undertaken at the Men's Latrine and at the Pier. Together with detailed analysis of documentary sources, fi eldwork has enhanced understanding of methods and priorities for defence procurement during the mid-18th century.
Medieval Archaeology, 2008
... With the splendour of the roof, they are a small part of the repertoire used to present James... more ... With the splendour of the roof, they are a small part of the repertoire used to present James IV in the magnificence of a contemporary European monarch. ... La decorazione delle mensole pertanto è uno dei primi usi di ornamento rinascimentale in Gran Bretagna. ...
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
A small excavation revealed a single ditch with associated rampart and intervallum features. Old ... more A small excavation revealed a single ditch with associated rampart and intervallum features. Old finds suggest Flavian and Antonine occupation. F B
The demolition of Victorian villas in the 1970s led to an excavation of a Roman fort at Bearsden,... more The demolition of Victorian villas in the 1970s led to an excavation of a Roman fort at Bearsden, near Glasgow, on the Antonine Wall, and the discovery of a Roman bath-house and latrine. The bath-house is the tip of an archaeological iceberg. Over ten seasons a substantial portion of the Roman fort was examined and its history traced. Of particular importance was the discovery of sewage from the latrine which provided intimate details about the life of the soldiers at Bearsden, including their diet and hygiene. The excavations were led by the principal author of this report, Professor David Breeze, formerly Chief Inspector of Ancient Monuments for Scotland. Over thirty-five specialists have contributed. *** ‘[Bearsden] is a splendid and comprehensive publication that has greatly benefited from recent developments in analytical techniques, particularly in relation to bioarchaeological remains and artefactual evidence.’ – Penelope Allison, Antiquity (issue 356) April 2017 ‘[David Bree...
Excavation at Argyll’s Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from t... more Excavation at Argyll’s Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from the early 17th century onwards, including its use as a military hospital. Excavations also took place on the site of the demolished south wing. Analysis of the historical development of the main house shows an expansion of the house and garden during the 17th century, with a later contraction of the property.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2017
interpreted the site as a 'hunter-gatherer camp' with probable evidence for a circular structure,... more interpreted the site as a 'hunter-gatherer camp' with probable evidence for a circular structure, but publication of the excavation was never completed. This paper draws on specialist work undertaken immediately after excavation, together with new analyses and radiocarbon determinations from original samples. It focuses on the results of excavation: material from the fieldwalking is briefly considered towards the end of the discussion, but detailed analysis of the lithics from fieldwalking is left for future research. A number of stratified features were excavated and recorded, together with a lithic assemblage of over 30,000 pieces, which includes many narrow blade microliths. It is not possible to uphold the interpretation that the cut features represent the remains of a specific structure but it is clear that Mesolithic activity took place here, probably comprising repeated visits over a considerable period of time. The radiocarbon determinations cover a wide spread of activity from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age-though there are no clear chronological indicators of later prehistoric activity in the finds from the site. Kenworthy chose to excavate only a tiny proportion of the site at Nethermills, which extends some 2km along the River Dee. The likelihood that stratified features may survive elsewhere makes this a Mesolithic site of considerable significance-especially when considered in the context of the many other Mesolithic sites along the River Dee, from its source to the sea.
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
An extensive programme of archaeological fieldwork between August 2006 and May 2008 in the area o... more An extensive programme of archaeological fieldwork between August 2006 and May 2008 in the area of the former New Street Gasworks and New Street Bus Depot, Canongate, Edinburgh revealed remains of one of the earliest and most significant gasworks in Britain. As well as patches of medieval and post-medieval backland soils and post-medieval structures that pre-dated the establishment of the New Street works in the first quarter of the 19th century, substantial structural remains of the various phases of this industrial undertaking were recorded, along with a suite of associated artefacts. These works have permitted the exploration of the industrial heritage of Edinburgh, as well as revealing important evidence of the medieval and post-medieval occupation of the Canongate. This is the first major excavation of an urban gasworks in Scotland and has enabled an examination of how these gasworks functioned and how they expanded with the introduction of more efficient systems and new techno...
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
The remains of the front of Balmerino House, built in 1631, were uncovered during an archaeologic... more The remains of the front of Balmerino House, built in 1631, were uncovered during an archaeological excavation at St Mary's Star of the Sea Roman Catholic Church, Constitution Street, Leith. The work also revealed several phases of medieval to post-medieval activity, and a small burial ground which predated the house. The earliest feature uncovered by the excavation was a well containing 13th- to 14th-century pottery. Large quantities of late to post-medieval pottery were recovered, as well as iron objects, glass and bone. The human remains comprised six adult males, although some were incomplete due to later disturbance. Of importance to the history of clay tobacco pipe manufacture in Scotland is a small assemblage of clay-pipe wasters and kiln waste dated c1630-40. The work was sponsored by Gregor Properties Ltd.
Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pip... more Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pipemaking industry in Stirling during the second half of the 17th century. The industry was established with the support of the Burgh Council and, in the Stirling area, was successful in competing against Edinburgh makers. The pipes show an eclectic range of markings, drawing on Scottish, English and Dutch parallels.
drew the phase plans for 13-19 Roxburgh Street, Chalkheugh Terrace, Wester Kelso/Floors Castle an... more drew the phase plans for 13-19 Roxburgh Street, Chalkheugh Terrace, Wester Kelso/Floors Castle and Bridgegate, based on illustrations by Rupert Kavanagh. The artefact illustrations are by Frank Moran (Kelso and Bridgegate) and David Munro (Cuddyside). Pottery illustrations are by Eric Cadow (Kelso), David Munro (Bridgegate) and Frank Moran (Cuddyside). Adrian Cox would like to thank Mandy Clydesdale and Debbie Forkes for selective conservation of Bridgegate and Kelso artefacts. Derek Hall would like to thank George Haggarty for his help in reassessing the pottery assemblages from the Kelso excavations and for his invaluable comments on the Post Medieval and Industrial pottery groups. The Cuddyside, Peebles excavations were funded by Eildon Housing Association, Borders Regional Council and Historic Scotland. James Mackenzie would like to thank the excavation team of Charlie Falconer, Niall Robertson, Carrie Sermon and Derek Shepherd for working so assiduously through the frequent downpours typical of February winter weather; and Dr Piers Dixon for his comments on the findings of the excavations, and John Dent, then Regional Archaeologist for Borders Regional Council, now Scottish Borders Council, for assistance in organising the excavations. Adrian Cox would like to thank Paul Harrison for undertaking selective conservation and producing X-ray images of the iron objects from Cuddyside. The illustrations for Cuddyside are by David Munro. Preparation of this report, including completion of some aspects of post-excavation analysis on the MSC-funded projects, was managed by Olwyn Owen and funded by Historic Scotland.
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
This is a report on archaeological work in two of Scotland's less well-known medieval burghs ... more This is a report on archaeological work in two of Scotland's less well-known medieval burghs of Kelso and Peebles. The excavations at Wester Kelso/Floors Castle established that the original medieval burgh of Kelso or Wester Kelso was much further west than previously believed, being situated well inside the present Castle policies. That early settlement at Wester Kelso appears to have been abandoned in the 14th or 15th centuries, at the same time that the royal burgh of Roxburgh was deserted, probably as a result of the English occupation of Roxburgh Castle. The other settlement of Easter Kelso, near the abbey, survived and expanded northwards from the abbey along Roxburgh Street. The finding of a possible building terrace in Phase 1 at 13-19 Roxburgh Street indicates that settlement along the southern end of that street could date to as early as the 13th or 14th centuries. Combining the archaeological, cartographic and documentary evidence, it seems clear that 'Easter'...
In eighteenth-century Scotland snuff-taking replaced the pipe as the normal means of consuming t... more In eighteenth-century Scotland snuff-taking replaced the pipe as the normal means of consuming tobacco at all levels of society. This paper discusses its origins as well as the social and economic aspects of snuff.
The changing attitude to pipe smoking among elite society in early nineteenth-century Britain.
Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pip... more Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pipemaking industry in Stirling during the second half of the 17th century. The industry was established with the support of the Burgh Council and, in the Stirling area, was successful in competing against Edinburgh makers. The pipes show an eclectic range of markings, drawing on Scottish, English and Dutch parallels. * 4 Sylvan Place, Edinburgh EH9 1LH t HA Abercromby Place, Stirling FK8 2QP
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, 2010
A summary of these specialist reports (Parts 1 and 2) was published in 2008 in the monograph on t... more A summary of these specialist reports (Parts 1 and 2) was published in 2008 in the monograph on the Holyrood Parliament Site Project: Scotland's Parliament Site and the Canongate: Archaeology and History by the Holyrood Archaeology Project Team, Chapter 3.9 & 3.10 (HAPT 2008). Except for sections 3.9 and 3.10, Chapter 3 in that monograph has been repeated here as Part 3, in order to provide the archaeological context for the artefactual and environmental evidence alongside the specialist reports.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Nov 30, 1994
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Excavation at Argyll's Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion fr... more Excavation at Argyll's Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from the early 17th century onwards, including its use as a military hospital. Excavations also took place on the site of the demolished south wing. Analysis of the historical development of the main house shows an expansion of the house and garden during the 17th century, with a later contraction of the property.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
The courtyard attached to the 15th century towerhouse contained a second residential building, in... more The courtyard attached to the 15th century towerhouse contained a second residential building, interpreted as hall and chamber, and a kitchen block. Discussion includes history and architectural analysis of the tower and field survey of the surrounding land. Wide range of 17th century artefacts (see also 90/728). A R
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2010
Extensive contemporary documentation of the fort's construction survives in the archives of the B... more Extensive contemporary documentation of the fort's construction survives in the archives of the Board of Ordnance. This paper describes archaeological fi eldwork carried out during conservation works between 1990 and 2005. Excavation was undertaken on the East Front, the Point Battery at the western extremity, and the North and South Casemates. Work was also undertaken at the Men's Latrine and at the Pier. Together with detailed analysis of documentary sources, fi eldwork has enhanced understanding of methods and priorities for defence procurement during the mid-18th century.
Medieval Archaeology, 2008
... With the splendour of the roof, they are a small part of the repertoire used to present James... more ... With the splendour of the roof, they are a small part of the repertoire used to present James IV in the magnificence of a contemporary European monarch. ... La decorazione delle mensole pertanto è uno dei primi usi di ornamento rinascimentale in Gran Bretagna. ...
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
A small excavation revealed a single ditch with associated rampart and intervallum features. Old ... more A small excavation revealed a single ditch with associated rampart and intervallum features. Old finds suggest Flavian and Antonine occupation. F B
The demolition of Victorian villas in the 1970s led to an excavation of a Roman fort at Bearsden,... more The demolition of Victorian villas in the 1970s led to an excavation of a Roman fort at Bearsden, near Glasgow, on the Antonine Wall, and the discovery of a Roman bath-house and latrine. The bath-house is the tip of an archaeological iceberg. Over ten seasons a substantial portion of the Roman fort was examined and its history traced. Of particular importance was the discovery of sewage from the latrine which provided intimate details about the life of the soldiers at Bearsden, including their diet and hygiene. The excavations were led by the principal author of this report, Professor David Breeze, formerly Chief Inspector of Ancient Monuments for Scotland. Over thirty-five specialists have contributed. *** ‘[Bearsden] is a splendid and comprehensive publication that has greatly benefited from recent developments in analytical techniques, particularly in relation to bioarchaeological remains and artefactual evidence.’ – Penelope Allison, Antiquity (issue 356) April 2017 ‘[David Bree...
Excavation at Argyll’s Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from t... more Excavation at Argyll’s Lodging demonstrates the complex development of the present mansion from the early 17th century onwards, including its use as a military hospital. Excavations also took place on the site of the demolished south wing. Analysis of the historical development of the main house shows an expansion of the house and garden during the 17th century, with a later contraction of the property.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2017
interpreted the site as a 'hunter-gatherer camp' with probable evidence for a circular structure,... more interpreted the site as a 'hunter-gatherer camp' with probable evidence for a circular structure, but publication of the excavation was never completed. This paper draws on specialist work undertaken immediately after excavation, together with new analyses and radiocarbon determinations from original samples. It focuses on the results of excavation: material from the fieldwalking is briefly considered towards the end of the discussion, but detailed analysis of the lithics from fieldwalking is left for future research. A number of stratified features were excavated and recorded, together with a lithic assemblage of over 30,000 pieces, which includes many narrow blade microliths. It is not possible to uphold the interpretation that the cut features represent the remains of a specific structure but it is clear that Mesolithic activity took place here, probably comprising repeated visits over a considerable period of time. The radiocarbon determinations cover a wide spread of activity from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age-though there are no clear chronological indicators of later prehistoric activity in the finds from the site. Kenworthy chose to excavate only a tiny proportion of the site at Nethermills, which extends some 2km along the River Dee. The likelihood that stratified features may survive elsewhere makes this a Mesolithic site of considerable significance-especially when considered in the context of the many other Mesolithic sites along the River Dee, from its source to the sea.
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
An extensive programme of archaeological fieldwork between August 2006 and May 2008 in the area o... more An extensive programme of archaeological fieldwork between August 2006 and May 2008 in the area of the former New Street Gasworks and New Street Bus Depot, Canongate, Edinburgh revealed remains of one of the earliest and most significant gasworks in Britain. As well as patches of medieval and post-medieval backland soils and post-medieval structures that pre-dated the establishment of the New Street works in the first quarter of the 19th century, substantial structural remains of the various phases of this industrial undertaking were recorded, along with a suite of associated artefacts. These works have permitted the exploration of the industrial heritage of Edinburgh, as well as revealing important evidence of the medieval and post-medieval occupation of the Canongate. This is the first major excavation of an urban gasworks in Scotland and has enabled an examination of how these gasworks functioned and how they expanded with the introduction of more efficient systems and new techno...
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
The remains of the front of Balmerino House, built in 1631, were uncovered during an archaeologic... more The remains of the front of Balmerino House, built in 1631, were uncovered during an archaeological excavation at St Mary's Star of the Sea Roman Catholic Church, Constitution Street, Leith. The work also revealed several phases of medieval to post-medieval activity, and a small burial ground which predated the house. The earliest feature uncovered by the excavation was a well containing 13th- to 14th-century pottery. Large quantities of late to post-medieval pottery were recovered, as well as iron objects, glass and bone. The human remains comprised six adult males, although some were incomplete due to later disturbance. Of importance to the history of clay tobacco pipe manufacture in Scotland is a small assemblage of clay-pipe wasters and kiln waste dated c1630-40. The work was sponsored by Gregor Properties Ltd.
Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pip... more Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pipemaking industry in Stirling during the second half of the 17th century. The industry was established with the support of the Burgh Council and, in the Stirling area, was successful in competing against Edinburgh makers. The pipes show an eclectic range of markings, drawing on Scottish, English and Dutch parallels.
drew the phase plans for 13-19 Roxburgh Street, Chalkheugh Terrace, Wester Kelso/Floors Castle an... more drew the phase plans for 13-19 Roxburgh Street, Chalkheugh Terrace, Wester Kelso/Floors Castle and Bridgegate, based on illustrations by Rupert Kavanagh. The artefact illustrations are by Frank Moran (Kelso and Bridgegate) and David Munro (Cuddyside). Pottery illustrations are by Eric Cadow (Kelso), David Munro (Bridgegate) and Frank Moran (Cuddyside). Adrian Cox would like to thank Mandy Clydesdale and Debbie Forkes for selective conservation of Bridgegate and Kelso artefacts. Derek Hall would like to thank George Haggarty for his help in reassessing the pottery assemblages from the Kelso excavations and for his invaluable comments on the Post Medieval and Industrial pottery groups. The Cuddyside, Peebles excavations were funded by Eildon Housing Association, Borders Regional Council and Historic Scotland. James Mackenzie would like to thank the excavation team of Charlie Falconer, Niall Robertson, Carrie Sermon and Derek Shepherd for working so assiduously through the frequent downpours typical of February winter weather; and Dr Piers Dixon for his comments on the findings of the excavations, and John Dent, then Regional Archaeologist for Borders Regional Council, now Scottish Borders Council, for assistance in organising the excavations. Adrian Cox would like to thank Paul Harrison for undertaking selective conservation and producing X-ray images of the iron objects from Cuddyside. The illustrations for Cuddyside are by David Munro. Preparation of this report, including completion of some aspects of post-excavation analysis on the MSC-funded projects, was managed by Olwyn Owen and funded by Historic Scotland.
Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports
This is a report on archaeological work in two of Scotland's less well-known medieval burghs ... more This is a report on archaeological work in two of Scotland's less well-known medieval burghs of Kelso and Peebles. The excavations at Wester Kelso/Floors Castle established that the original medieval burgh of Kelso or Wester Kelso was much further west than previously believed, being situated well inside the present Castle policies. That early settlement at Wester Kelso appears to have been abandoned in the 14th or 15th centuries, at the same time that the royal burgh of Roxburgh was deserted, probably as a result of the English occupation of Roxburgh Castle. The other settlement of Easter Kelso, near the abbey, survived and expanded northwards from the abbey along Roxburgh Street. The finding of a possible building terrace in Phase 1 at 13-19 Roxburgh Street indicates that settlement along the southern end of that street could date to as early as the 13th or 14th centuries. Combining the archaeological, cartographic and documentary evidence, it seems clear that 'Easter'...
In eighteenth-century Scotland snuff-taking replaced the pipe as the normal means of consuming t... more In eighteenth-century Scotland snuff-taking replaced the pipe as the normal means of consuming tobacco at all levels of society. This paper discusses its origins as well as the social and economic aspects of snuff.
The changing attitude to pipe smoking among elite society in early nineteenth-century Britain.
Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pip... more Recent documentary and artefactual research have shown the existence of a flourishing tobacco pipemaking industry in Stirling during the second half of the 17th century. The industry was established with the support of the Burgh Council and, in the Stirling area, was successful in competing against Edinburgh makers. The pipes show an eclectic range of markings, drawing on Scottish, English and Dutch parallels. * 4 Sylvan Place, Edinburgh EH9 1LH t HA Abercromby Place, Stirling FK8 2QP