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Papers by Derbachew Asfaw
Frontiers in Public Health, Aug 4, 2023
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem worldwide... more Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem worldwide, with the burden of these infections being high among female sex workers (FSWs), who are often not aware of their infection status. This study aimed to determine the factors that are associated with the number of STIs among FSWs in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional bio-behavioral study involving respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was conducted among , FSWs in towns in Ethiopia. The hurdle Poisson regression model was fitted using STATA Version. . The incident rate ratio and adjusted odds ratio with a % confidence interval were employed to show the strength and direction of the association. A p-value of ≤. was used as a threshold for statistical significance.
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and pre... more Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications. The aim of this study is to model survival probability of diabetic patients who were under follow-up and identify significant risk factors for mortality and morbidity. Recorded hospital data were obtained for a cohort of 462 patients at Yekatit-II Hospital, Ethiopia. The patients have been under follow-up from September 2003 to August 2011. The Parametric, Non-Parametric and Semi-Parametric Survival Models are used to estimate the survival time as well as examine the association between the survival time with different demographic, health and risk behavior variables. The analysis shows that most factors significantly contribute to a shorter survival time of diabetes mellitus patients. These factors include being overweight, alcohol use, tobacco use, complication of diabetes mellitus, patients diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus, uncontrollable blood pressure, high...
So far many female students hampered due to a lot of problems which has a great roles on reducing... more So far many female students hampered due to a lot of problems which has a great roles on reducing females' participation and practices in education. due to this challenges a lot of females apart from eduction. That a why the research focuses on this title. The study shows highlights for the impact of challenging factors and solving methods. Furthermore, these studies largely concentrated on female participation and practice in the higher educational level. The key factors that have an impact on female students are economic Scio-cultural, funding problem, climate, tradition and cultural perceptions, local and national facilities, access lack of motivations and mental participation, mental rehearsal and so forth are additionally main factors.This study also highly announced that the impact of living area, marital status and other situations on education. To analyze these factors different statistical methods, Different descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Chi-...
Stat, 2016
We present new statistical methodology for analysing rank data, where the rankings are allowed to... more We present new statistical methodology for analysing rank data, where the rankings are allowed to vary in time. Such data arise, for example, when the assessments are based on a performance measure of the items, which varies in time, or if the criteria, according to which the items are ranked, change in time. Items can also be absent when the assessments are made, because of delayed entry or early departure, or purely randomly. In such situations, also the dimension of the rank vectors varies in time. Rank data in a time-dependent setting thus lead to challenging statistical problems. These problems are further complicated, from the perspective of computation, by the large dimension of the sample space consisting of all permutations of the items. Here, we focus on introducing and developing a Bayesian version of the Mallows rank model, suitable for situations in which the ranks vary in time and the assessments can be incomplete. The consequent missing data problems are handled by applying Bayesian data augmentation within Markov chain Monte Carlo. Our method is also adapted to the task of future rank prediction. The method is illustrated by analysing some aspects of a data set describing the academic performance, measured by a series of tests, of a class of high school students over a period of 4 years.
Major progress has been made over the last decades in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition amo... more Major progress has been made over the last decades in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition amongst children less than 5 years of age in developing countries. Approximately 27% of children under the age of 5 in these countries are still malnourished. This work focuses on the childhood malnutrition in Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia. This study examined the association between demographic and socioeconomic determinants and the malnutrition problem in children less than 5 years of age using Data obtained from both rural and urban sampled surveys conducted in sample Woredas from December 1 to January 5, 2013. The study on the Child undernutrition and underweight prevalence in Gamo Gofa has allowed us to quantify the negative impacts of child undernutrition in both social and economic terms. The results revealed that as many as 75% of all cases of child undernutrition and its related pathologies go untreated. It is also observed that about 35% of the health costs associated with undernutrition occur before the child turns 1 year-old. Generally, The results of the analysis show that place of residence, employment status of mother, employment status of partners, educational status of mothers, diarrhea, household economic level and source of drinking water were found to be the most important determinants of health/nutritional status of children. The study revealed that socioeconomic , demographic and health and environmental variables have significant effects on the nutritional and health status of children in Ethiopia.
Advances in Public Health
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major health problem in the world, and failur... more Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major health problem in the world, and failure to implement prevention programs results in an increased number of infections among newborns. The goal of this study was to investigate the evolution and determinants of cluster of differentiation four (CD4) cell count among HIV-infected children who were under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods. We follow up a cohort of 201 children aged under fifteen years from October 2013 to March 2017 at Adama Hospital in Ethiopia. To get insight into the data, exploratory data analysis was performed on the change in the longitudinal CD4 cell count. Results. At the baseline, the average number of CD4 cell counts was 468.5 cells/mm3 of blood with a standard deviation of 319.11 cells/mm3. Here, we employed the random intercept and the random slope linear mixed-effects model to analyze the data. Among predictor variables, observation time, baseline age, WHO clinical stage, the history of tuberculo...
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and pre... more Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications. The aim of this study is to model survival probability of diabetic patients who were under follow-up and identify significant risk factors for mortality and morbidity. Recorded hospital data were obtained for a cohort of 462 patients at Yekatit-II Hospital, Ethiopia. The patients have been under follow-up from September 2003 to August 2011. The Parametric, Non-Parametric and Semi-Parametric Survival Models are used to estimate the survival time as well as examine the association between the survival time with different demographic, health and risk behavior variables. The analysis shows that most factors significantly contribute to a shorter survival time of diabetes mellitus patients. These factors include being overweight, alcohol use, tobacco use, complication of diabetes mellitus, patients diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus, uncontrollable blood pressure, high blood cholesterol level, excess amount of fasting blood sugar level and positive family history of diabetes mellitus. It is therefore recommended that people ought to be cognizant on the burden of these risk factors and well informed about the disease.
Frontiers in Public Health, Aug 4, 2023
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem worldwide... more Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem worldwide, with the burden of these infections being high among female sex workers (FSWs), who are often not aware of their infection status. This study aimed to determine the factors that are associated with the number of STIs among FSWs in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional bio-behavioral study involving respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was conducted among , FSWs in towns in Ethiopia. The hurdle Poisson regression model was fitted using STATA Version. . The incident rate ratio and adjusted odds ratio with a % confidence interval were employed to show the strength and direction of the association. A p-value of ≤. was used as a threshold for statistical significance.
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and pre... more Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications. The aim of this study is to model survival probability of diabetic patients who were under follow-up and identify significant risk factors for mortality and morbidity. Recorded hospital data were obtained for a cohort of 462 patients at Yekatit-II Hospital, Ethiopia. The patients have been under follow-up from September 2003 to August 2011. The Parametric, Non-Parametric and Semi-Parametric Survival Models are used to estimate the survival time as well as examine the association between the survival time with different demographic, health and risk behavior variables. The analysis shows that most factors significantly contribute to a shorter survival time of diabetes mellitus patients. These factors include being overweight, alcohol use, tobacco use, complication of diabetes mellitus, patients diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus, uncontrollable blood pressure, high...
So far many female students hampered due to a lot of problems which has a great roles on reducing... more So far many female students hampered due to a lot of problems which has a great roles on reducing females' participation and practices in education. due to this challenges a lot of females apart from eduction. That a why the research focuses on this title. The study shows highlights for the impact of challenging factors and solving methods. Furthermore, these studies largely concentrated on female participation and practice in the higher educational level. The key factors that have an impact on female students are economic Scio-cultural, funding problem, climate, tradition and cultural perceptions, local and national facilities, access lack of motivations and mental participation, mental rehearsal and so forth are additionally main factors.This study also highly announced that the impact of living area, marital status and other situations on education. To analyze these factors different statistical methods, Different descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Chi-...
Stat, 2016
We present new statistical methodology for analysing rank data, where the rankings are allowed to... more We present new statistical methodology for analysing rank data, where the rankings are allowed to vary in time. Such data arise, for example, when the assessments are based on a performance measure of the items, which varies in time, or if the criteria, according to which the items are ranked, change in time. Items can also be absent when the assessments are made, because of delayed entry or early departure, or purely randomly. In such situations, also the dimension of the rank vectors varies in time. Rank data in a time-dependent setting thus lead to challenging statistical problems. These problems are further complicated, from the perspective of computation, by the large dimension of the sample space consisting of all permutations of the items. Here, we focus on introducing and developing a Bayesian version of the Mallows rank model, suitable for situations in which the ranks vary in time and the assessments can be incomplete. The consequent missing data problems are handled by applying Bayesian data augmentation within Markov chain Monte Carlo. Our method is also adapted to the task of future rank prediction. The method is illustrated by analysing some aspects of a data set describing the academic performance, measured by a series of tests, of a class of high school students over a period of 4 years.
Major progress has been made over the last decades in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition amo... more Major progress has been made over the last decades in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition amongst children less than 5 years of age in developing countries. Approximately 27% of children under the age of 5 in these countries are still malnourished. This work focuses on the childhood malnutrition in Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia. This study examined the association between demographic and socioeconomic determinants and the malnutrition problem in children less than 5 years of age using Data obtained from both rural and urban sampled surveys conducted in sample Woredas from December 1 to January 5, 2013. The study on the Child undernutrition and underweight prevalence in Gamo Gofa has allowed us to quantify the negative impacts of child undernutrition in both social and economic terms. The results revealed that as many as 75% of all cases of child undernutrition and its related pathologies go untreated. It is also observed that about 35% of the health costs associated with undernutrition occur before the child turns 1 year-old. Generally, The results of the analysis show that place of residence, employment status of mother, employment status of partners, educational status of mothers, diarrhea, household economic level and source of drinking water were found to be the most important determinants of health/nutritional status of children. The study revealed that socioeconomic , demographic and health and environmental variables have significant effects on the nutritional and health status of children in Ethiopia.
Advances in Public Health
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major health problem in the world, and failur... more Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major health problem in the world, and failure to implement prevention programs results in an increased number of infections among newborns. The goal of this study was to investigate the evolution and determinants of cluster of differentiation four (CD4) cell count among HIV-infected children who were under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods. We follow up a cohort of 201 children aged under fifteen years from October 2013 to March 2017 at Adama Hospital in Ethiopia. To get insight into the data, exploratory data analysis was performed on the change in the longitudinal CD4 cell count. Results. At the baseline, the average number of CD4 cell counts was 468.5 cells/mm3 of blood with a standard deviation of 319.11 cells/mm3. Here, we employed the random intercept and the random slope linear mixed-effects model to analyze the data. Among predictor variables, observation time, baseline age, WHO clinical stage, the history of tuberculo...
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and pre... more Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires lifelong care to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications. The aim of this study is to model survival probability of diabetic patients who were under follow-up and identify significant risk factors for mortality and morbidity. Recorded hospital data were obtained for a cohort of 462 patients at Yekatit-II Hospital, Ethiopia. The patients have been under follow-up from September 2003 to August 2011. The Parametric, Non-Parametric and Semi-Parametric Survival Models are used to estimate the survival time as well as examine the association between the survival time with different demographic, health and risk behavior variables. The analysis shows that most factors significantly contribute to a shorter survival time of diabetes mellitus patients. These factors include being overweight, alcohol use, tobacco use, complication of diabetes mellitus, patients diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus, uncontrollable blood pressure, high blood cholesterol level, excess amount of fasting blood sugar level and positive family history of diabetes mellitus. It is therefore recommended that people ought to be cognizant on the burden of these risk factors and well informed about the disease.