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Papers by Desalegn Chemeda

Research paper thumbnail of A framework for defining equity and sustainability in the Nile River Basin

International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Mar 31, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of drip irrigation levels and planting methods on yield and yield components of green pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) in Bako, Ethiopia

Agricultural Water Management, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Rainfall Occurrences, Precipitation Deficit and Surplus Analysis for Rainfall Water Harvesting and Management in the Central highlands of Ethiopia, the Case of Bishoftu District, Oromia Region

Journal of environment and earth science, 2013

Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield i... more Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield in Ethiopia. Rainfall occurrence analysis is extremely helpful in planning of water resources and agricultural development. A study was conducted to asses the potential of sufficient rainfall occurrences and precipitation surplus and deficits in the central highland of Ethiopia for a selected district based on thirty three years of weather record data. The FAO(1978) and Reddy (1990) models were employed to set the threshold limits and the Weilbul frequency formula was used to calculate the probability of occurrences during the two growing seasons, belg(shorter) and kiremt (main). The results showed that the probability of occurrences of the sufficient amount of rainfall during the decades of main rainy season is promisingly stable while belg is observed to suffer from fewer occurrences of the sufficient amount even at the lower probability levels (25% probability of occurrences). Thu...

Research paper thumbnail of Spatio-temporal Variability of Climate for Crop Production

The timing, variability, and quantity of seasonal and annual rainfall are important factors in th... more The timing, variability, and quantity of seasonal and annual rainfall are important factors in the relationship between climate and cultivation in Sub-Saharan Africa. If there is an unexpected break in rainfall early in the growing season, farmers may be able to recover and resume production despite the loss of some of their crops. However, if such a break occurs in the middle or latter part of the growing season, all of the crops sown may suffer irreparable damage, with dire economic consequences for farmer. Besides, frequent dry spells and droughts are common phenomena during the monsoon season. This book, therefore, provides agriculturalists, policy makers and farmers to have a proper knowledge of short period rainfall distribution both in time and space. Furthermore, it gives a detail explanation to know the chances of occurrence of dry spells during the critical stages of the crops for deciding the sowing date, cropping pattern and planning for irrigation and intercultural oper...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Critical Growth Stage for Export Type Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) to Moisture Stress

A study was conducted on the identification of critical growth stages to moisture stress of commo... more A study was conducted on the identification of critical growth stages to moisture stress of common bean, cultivar Chercher, at nine different growth stages[emergence of cotyledons (V1), development of primary leaves (V2), development of first trifoliate leaves (V3), development of third trifoliate leaves (V4), bud formation (R5), flowering (R6), pod formation (R7), pod filling (R8) and maturity (R9)] with irrigating at those different stages were made at Haramaya University Research site, Haramaya, during 2010 and 2011. The identification of sensitive growth stages to at different growth stages on the yield and yield components of common bean were determined. The effect of water stress showed significance effect on most parameters considered. But, water stress on the days of flowering and dry biomass was not showed significance difference. However, applying the water deficit at vegetative growth stages (V1 to V4) did not significantly affect the yield and yield components of common ...

Research paper thumbnail of Climate resources analysis for use of planning in crop production and rainfall water management in the central highlands of Ethiopia, the case of Bishoftu district, Oromia region

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2010

Agricultural practices and water resources management in the central highlands of Ethiopia is hig... more Agricultural practices and water resources management in the central highlands of Ethiopia is highly dependant and associated with climatic resources and their pattern and hence wise use of those resources is a priority for the region. Accordingly, a study was conducted to asses and critically quantity the climate resources of the central high lands of Ethiop, Bishoftu district. Thirty three years of weather record data has been used for the work. The onset, duration and end of the growing seasons were defined and quantified based on FAO and Reddy models while the dry and wet spell distributions and the drought events were calculated using the Markov chain models and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) respectively. The results revealed that the mean onset of the main (Kiremt) growing season was found to occur during the second meteorological decade and ended during the end of September. Similarly, though unreliable and only few occurred during the entire study period, the mean onset of the shorter (Belg) season was found to occur during the beginning of the first decade of April. The length of the growing season during the main rainy season, (Kiremt,) ranged from 112 to 144 days with a standard deviation of 9.6 days and coefficient of variation of 7.5%. However, the mean growing length during the Belg season was found to be 22.4 days with a standard deviation of 27 days and coefficient of variation of 122%. The results of analysis obtained both from the Markov Chain and Reddy models indicated higher probabilities of dry spell occurrences during the shorter season (Belg) but the occurrences of the same in the main rainy season (Kiremt) was very minimal. Like wise, the SPI model detected some drought events ranging from mild to severe classes in both seasons based on one a month time scale analysis. A considerable attention of maximizing crop harvest during the main rainy season is practically important.

Research paper thumbnail of Dry and Wet Spell Analysis of the Two Rainy Seasons for Decision Support in Agricultural Water Management for Crop production in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield i... more Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield in Ethiopia. Rainfall occurrence analysis is extremely helpful in planning of water resources and agricultural development. A study was conducted to asses the potential of sufficient rainfall occurrences and precipitation surplus and deficits in the central highland of Ethiopia for a selected district based on thirty three years of weather record data. The FAO(1978) and Reddy (1990) models were employed to set the threshold limits and the Weilbul frequency formula was used to calculate the probability of occurrences during the two growing seasons, belg(shorter) and kiremt (main). The results showed that the probability of occurrences of the sufficient amount of rainfall during the decades of main rainy season is promisingly stable while belg is observed to suffer from fewer occurrences of the sufficient amount even at the lower probability levels (25% probability of occurrences). Thu...

Research paper thumbnail of Farmers' Perception of Water Management under Drought Conditions in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2006

A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water man... more A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water management practices adopted by the farmers under drought conditions. The results show that on average drought prevails in the area once every two years and causes damage to both crops and livestock. Consequently, under such drought conditions, the farming communities have adopted various coping strategies and important among them are the sale of labour and sale of livestock and their products. The survey results also reveal that farmers in the rainfed agriculture areas practise mainly contour bunding to mitigate drought impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of Farmers' Perception of Water Management under Drought Conditions in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia

International Journal of Water Resources Development, Dec 1, 2006

A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water man... more A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water management practices adopted by the farmers under drought conditions. The results show that on average drought prevails in the area once every two years and causes damage to both crops and livestock. Consequently, under such drought conditions, the farming communities have adopted various coping strategies and important among them are the sale of labour and sale of livestock and their products. The survey results also reveal that farmers in the rainfed agriculture areas practise mainly contour bunding to mitigate drought impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of A framework for defining equity and sustainability in the Nile River Basin

International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Mar 31, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of drip irrigation levels and planting methods on yield and yield components of green pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) in Bako, Ethiopia

Agricultural Water Management, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Rainfall Occurrences, Precipitation Deficit and Surplus Analysis for Rainfall Water Harvesting and Management in the Central highlands of Ethiopia, the Case of Bishoftu District, Oromia Region

Journal of environment and earth science, 2013

Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield i... more Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield in Ethiopia. Rainfall occurrence analysis is extremely helpful in planning of water resources and agricultural development. A study was conducted to asses the potential of sufficient rainfall occurrences and precipitation surplus and deficits in the central highland of Ethiopia for a selected district based on thirty three years of weather record data. The FAO(1978) and Reddy (1990) models were employed to set the threshold limits and the Weilbul frequency formula was used to calculate the probability of occurrences during the two growing seasons, belg(shorter) and kiremt (main). The results showed that the probability of occurrences of the sufficient amount of rainfall during the decades of main rainy season is promisingly stable while belg is observed to suffer from fewer occurrences of the sufficient amount even at the lower probability levels (25% probability of occurrences). Thu...

Research paper thumbnail of Spatio-temporal Variability of Climate for Crop Production

The timing, variability, and quantity of seasonal and annual rainfall are important factors in th... more The timing, variability, and quantity of seasonal and annual rainfall are important factors in the relationship between climate and cultivation in Sub-Saharan Africa. If there is an unexpected break in rainfall early in the growing season, farmers may be able to recover and resume production despite the loss of some of their crops. However, if such a break occurs in the middle or latter part of the growing season, all of the crops sown may suffer irreparable damage, with dire economic consequences for farmer. Besides, frequent dry spells and droughts are common phenomena during the monsoon season. This book, therefore, provides agriculturalists, policy makers and farmers to have a proper knowledge of short period rainfall distribution both in time and space. Furthermore, it gives a detail explanation to know the chances of occurrence of dry spells during the critical stages of the crops for deciding the sowing date, cropping pattern and planning for irrigation and intercultural oper...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Critical Growth Stage for Export Type Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) to Moisture Stress

A study was conducted on the identification of critical growth stages to moisture stress of commo... more A study was conducted on the identification of critical growth stages to moisture stress of common bean, cultivar Chercher, at nine different growth stages[emergence of cotyledons (V1), development of primary leaves (V2), development of first trifoliate leaves (V3), development of third trifoliate leaves (V4), bud formation (R5), flowering (R6), pod formation (R7), pod filling (R8) and maturity (R9)] with irrigating at those different stages were made at Haramaya University Research site, Haramaya, during 2010 and 2011. The identification of sensitive growth stages to at different growth stages on the yield and yield components of common bean were determined. The effect of water stress showed significance effect on most parameters considered. But, water stress on the days of flowering and dry biomass was not showed significance difference. However, applying the water deficit at vegetative growth stages (V1 to V4) did not significantly affect the yield and yield components of common ...

Research paper thumbnail of Climate resources analysis for use of planning in crop production and rainfall water management in the central highlands of Ethiopia, the case of Bishoftu district, Oromia region

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2010

Agricultural practices and water resources management in the central highlands of Ethiopia is hig... more Agricultural practices and water resources management in the central highlands of Ethiopia is highly dependant and associated with climatic resources and their pattern and hence wise use of those resources is a priority for the region. Accordingly, a study was conducted to asses and critically quantity the climate resources of the central high lands of Ethiop, Bishoftu district. Thirty three years of weather record data has been used for the work. The onset, duration and end of the growing seasons were defined and quantified based on FAO and Reddy models while the dry and wet spell distributions and the drought events were calculated using the Markov chain models and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) respectively. The results revealed that the mean onset of the main (Kiremt) growing season was found to occur during the second meteorological decade and ended during the end of September. Similarly, though unreliable and only few occurred during the entire study period, the mean onset of the shorter (Belg) season was found to occur during the beginning of the first decade of April. The length of the growing season during the main rainy season, (Kiremt,) ranged from 112 to 144 days with a standard deviation of 9.6 days and coefficient of variation of 7.5%. However, the mean growing length during the Belg season was found to be 22.4 days with a standard deviation of 27 days and coefficient of variation of 122%. The results of analysis obtained both from the Markov Chain and Reddy models indicated higher probabilities of dry spell occurrences during the shorter season (Belg) but the occurrences of the same in the main rainy season (Kiremt) was very minimal. Like wise, the SPI model detected some drought events ranging from mild to severe classes in both seasons based on one a month time scale analysis. A considerable attention of maximizing crop harvest during the main rainy season is practically important.

Research paper thumbnail of Dry and Wet Spell Analysis of the Two Rainy Seasons for Decision Support in Agricultural Water Management for Crop production in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield i... more Rainfall remains the crucial component of the weather elements for improving agricultural yield in Ethiopia. Rainfall occurrence analysis is extremely helpful in planning of water resources and agricultural development. A study was conducted to asses the potential of sufficient rainfall occurrences and precipitation surplus and deficits in the central highland of Ethiopia for a selected district based on thirty three years of weather record data. The FAO(1978) and Reddy (1990) models were employed to set the threshold limits and the Weilbul frequency formula was used to calculate the probability of occurrences during the two growing seasons, belg(shorter) and kiremt (main). The results showed that the probability of occurrences of the sufficient amount of rainfall during the decades of main rainy season is promisingly stable while belg is observed to suffer from fewer occurrences of the sufficient amount even at the lower probability levels (25% probability of occurrences). Thu...

Research paper thumbnail of Farmers' Perception of Water Management under Drought Conditions in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2006

A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water man... more A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water management practices adopted by the farmers under drought conditions. The results show that on average drought prevails in the area once every two years and causes damage to both crops and livestock. Consequently, under such drought conditions, the farming communities have adopted various coping strategies and important among them are the sale of labour and sale of livestock and their products. The survey results also reveal that farmers in the rainfed agriculture areas practise mainly contour bunding to mitigate drought impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of Farmers' Perception of Water Management under Drought Conditions in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia

International Journal of Water Resources Development, Dec 1, 2006

A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water man... more A survey was conducted in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, to assess agricultural water management practices adopted by the farmers under drought conditions. The results show that on average drought prevails in the area once every two years and causes damage to both crops and livestock. Consequently, under such drought conditions, the farming communities have adopted various coping strategies and important among them are the sale of labour and sale of livestock and their products. The survey results also reveal that farmers in the rainfed agriculture areas practise mainly contour bunding to mitigate drought impacts.