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Papers by Dessalegn Abeje
PLOS ONE, Jul 14, 2023
Background Diarrhea is a serious health problem in children, with the highest mortality rate in s... more Background Diarrhea is a serious health problem in children, with the highest mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is among the major bacterial causes of diarrhea in children under age five. The present study aims to determine molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of DEC and identify contributing factors for acquisition among children under age five in Central Ethiopia. Methods A health facility-centered cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa and Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, from December 2020 to August 2021. A total of 476 specimens, 391 from diarrheic and 85 from non-diarrheic children under age five were collected. Bacterial isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathotype determination using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were done. Results Of the 476 specimens analyzed, 89.9% (428/476) were positive for E. coli, of which 183 were positive for one or more genes coding DEC pathotypes. The overall prevalence of the DEC pathotype was 38.2% (183/476). The predominant DEC pathotype was enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (41.5%, 76/183), followed by enterotoxigenic E. coli (21.3%, 39/183), enteropathogenic E. coli (15.3%, 28/183), enteroinvasive E. coli (12.6%, 23/183), hybrid strains (7.1%, 13/183), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (1.6%, 3/183), and diffusely-adherent E. coli (0.6%, 1/183). DEC was detected in 40.7% (159/391) of diarrheic and 28.2% (24/85) in non-diarrheic children (p = 0.020). The majority of the DEC pathotypes were resistant to
Since the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes varies across countries, genotype-based vaccina... more Since the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes varies across countries, genotype-based vaccination is widely recommended to control the burden of cervical cancer. As of 2018, HPV vaccination program is underway in Ethiopia for girls aged 9–14 years against HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16 and HPV-18. However, the rate and distribution of non-vaccine-targeted genotypes are not well characterized. Therefore, by determining the prevalence and characterizing their genotypes, we assessed the level of multiple infections with other vaccine-targeted genotypes in Ethiopia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study including 110 women with a positive HPV DNA results was conducted from April to August 2021. We used a structured questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical data and collected cervical swabs using L-shaped FLOQSwabs®. We, then, stored them in eNAT nucleic acid preservation and transport® medium. Women's cytological profile was determined based on Pap smear teat results, and...
Frontiers in Microbiology, Mar 23, 2023
Frontiers in Microbiology
Cervical cancer is a vaccine-preventable sexually transmitted disease. In the year 2020, there we... more Cervical cancer is a vaccine-preventable sexually transmitted disease. In the year 2020, there were an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide. Although its incidence is global, it is much higher in sub-Saharan African countries. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of data about the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and its association with cytological profiles. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill this information gap. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 26 to August 28, 2021, and enrolled 901 sexually active women. Socio-demographic and other relevant bio-behavioral and clinical data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Visual inspection with acetic acid [VIA] was done as an initial screening method for cervical cancer. The cervical swab was then collected using L-Shaped FLOQSwabs in eNAT nucleic acid preservation and transportation medium. A Pap test was done to determine the cytological profile. Nucleic acid was ...
PLOS ONE, Jul 14, 2023
Background Diarrhea is a serious health problem in children, with the highest mortality rate in s... more Background Diarrhea is a serious health problem in children, with the highest mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is among the major bacterial causes of diarrhea in children under age five. The present study aims to determine molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of DEC and identify contributing factors for acquisition among children under age five in Central Ethiopia. Methods A health facility-centered cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa and Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, from December 2020 to August 2021. A total of 476 specimens, 391 from diarrheic and 85 from non-diarrheic children under age five were collected. Bacterial isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathotype determination using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were done. Results Of the 476 specimens analyzed, 89.9% (428/476) were positive for E. coli, of which 183 were positive for one or more genes coding DEC pathotypes. The overall prevalence of the DEC pathotype was 38.2% (183/476). The predominant DEC pathotype was enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (41.5%, 76/183), followed by enterotoxigenic E. coli (21.3%, 39/183), enteropathogenic E. coli (15.3%, 28/183), enteroinvasive E. coli (12.6%, 23/183), hybrid strains (7.1%, 13/183), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (1.6%, 3/183), and diffusely-adherent E. coli (0.6%, 1/183). DEC was detected in 40.7% (159/391) of diarrheic and 28.2% (24/85) in non-diarrheic children (p = 0.020). The majority of the DEC pathotypes were resistant to
Since the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes varies across countries, genotype-based vaccina... more Since the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes varies across countries, genotype-based vaccination is widely recommended to control the burden of cervical cancer. As of 2018, HPV vaccination program is underway in Ethiopia for girls aged 9–14 years against HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16 and HPV-18. However, the rate and distribution of non-vaccine-targeted genotypes are not well characterized. Therefore, by determining the prevalence and characterizing their genotypes, we assessed the level of multiple infections with other vaccine-targeted genotypes in Ethiopia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study including 110 women with a positive HPV DNA results was conducted from April to August 2021. We used a structured questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical data and collected cervical swabs using L-shaped FLOQSwabs®. We, then, stored them in eNAT nucleic acid preservation and transport® medium. Women's cytological profile was determined based on Pap smear teat results, and...
Frontiers in Microbiology, Mar 23, 2023
Frontiers in Microbiology
Cervical cancer is a vaccine-preventable sexually transmitted disease. In the year 2020, there we... more Cervical cancer is a vaccine-preventable sexually transmitted disease. In the year 2020, there were an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide. Although its incidence is global, it is much higher in sub-Saharan African countries. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of data about the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and its association with cytological profiles. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill this information gap. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 26 to August 28, 2021, and enrolled 901 sexually active women. Socio-demographic and other relevant bio-behavioral and clinical data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Visual inspection with acetic acid [VIA] was done as an initial screening method for cervical cancer. The cervical swab was then collected using L-Shaped FLOQSwabs in eNAT nucleic acid preservation and transportation medium. A Pap test was done to determine the cytological profile. Nucleic acid was ...