Dhan Prakash - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dhan Prakash
Experimental pathology, Jun 19, 2013
E pidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies have implicated solar ultraviolet (UV) radiatio... more E pidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies have implicated solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in various skin diseases including premature aging of the skin and melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Chronic UV radiation exposureinduced skin diseases or skin disorders are caused by the excessive induction of infl ammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage, etc. Th e use of chemopreventive agents, such as plant polyphenols, to inhibit these events in UV-exposed skin has been gaining attention. Chemoprevention refers to the use of agents that can inhibit, reverse, or retard the process of these harmful events in the UV-exposed skin. A wide variety of polyphenols or phytochemicals, most of which are dietary supplements, have been reported to possess substantial skin photoprotective eff ects. Several polyphenols suppress lipid peroxidation to maintain the cellular status of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Due to the NF-κB suppressing eff ect of polyphenols, some of them (e.g. curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin and green tea polyphenols) have been shown to decrease the expression of chemokines and cytokines. Polyphenols in healthy foods or drinks such as chocolate, red wine, or beer are readily metabolized to phenolic acids and aldehydes by the microfl ora of the intestine, raising the possibility that these metabolites are responsible for their anti-infl ammatory properties. Polyphenols are known for their unique property of activation at multiple levels, through the modulation of MAPK, Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways, inhibiting the production of infl ammatory cytokines and chemokines, suppressing the activity of COX and iNOS and decreasing the production of ROS/RNS. Akt plays crucial roles in mammalian cell survival signaling and has been shown to be activated in various cancers. Several phytochemicals including genistein, curcuminoids and catechins are known to suppress the activation of Akt, thus, inhibiting cancer cell growth. Almost all cell types, when exposed to TNF-α, LPS or other stimuli, activate NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors, leading to the expression of infl ammatory genes, such as COX-2, iNOS, cell adhesion molecules, infl ammatory cytokines and chemokines. Th us, all the dietary agents that can suppress these transcription factors have the potential of inhibiting the expression of COX-2, iNOS, cell adhesion molecules, TNF-α and interleukins. Several dietary components including resveratrol, curcumin, and green tea catechins have been shown to suppress COX-2 giving the benefi t of decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Th e iNOS, which is responsible for the release of free radical nitric oxide, was suppressed by several phytochemicals and dietary agents stimulated with LPS and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Other sources of the antioxidant properties of polyphenols is their free radicals scavenger features, which is primarily based on their structure.
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Jul 10, 2013
C arotenoids are fat-soluble pigments widely distributed in nature.They comprise two main groups;... more C arotenoids are fat-soluble pigments widely distributed in nature.They comprise two main groups; carotenes and oxycarotenoids. Their distinctive pattern of alternating single and double bonds in the polyene backbone might be responsible to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the nature of specific end groups on carotenoids may influence their polarity.Antioxidants help to control free radicals by quenching them by donating electrons to molecules before they damage other biomolecules of the cell or by reducing their energy or stopping their formation by interrupting oxidizing chain reaction. Scavenging of free radicals may be by gaining its "missing" electron by removing an electron from another molecule or to add itself to another molecule in its attempt to pair single electron, forming an adduct. In either case, the electron-rich character of carotenoids makes them attractive to radicals, thus sparing other cell components (DNA, RNA, carbohydrates, proteins, andlipids) from damage. Carotenes along with xanthophylls, astaxanthin, lycopene and lutein seem to offer protection against breast, lung,colorectal,uterine and prostate cancers. They help to prevent heart diseases, supplementation along with vitamin C and E reduce the risk of developing diabetes and to fight against Alzheimer's disease. They are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) but increased consumption of carotenoids may cause the skin to turn orange or yellow, known as "carotenodermia. " This occurrence is completely benign and is unrelated to jaundice that can result from liver disease or other causes. Although it is tempting to formulate a cocktail of carotenoids with a desire to provide a full spectrum of health benefits but it is advised to take into consideration the health benefit to be targeted specifically.
European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2011
HCH and DDT, the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in soils from northern Uttar Prad... more HCH and DDT, the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in soils from northern Uttar Pradesh, India. The average concentration of HCHs and DDTs was 7.58±1.54 ng g-1 and 0.61±0.21 ng g-1 (dry wt.). Compositional analysis of HCH and DDT isomers was carried out to identify the possible contamination sources. The α/γ ratio of HCH (<0.01 - 8.83) reflects the use of technical as well as lindane formulation. The ratio of p,p’-DDT/p,p’-DDE (0.73) and p,p’- DDT/ΣDDT (0.42) indicates the combined effects of past and ongoing usage of DDT. o,p’- DDT/p,p’-DDT (<0.01) ratio suggest the contamination of soils from technical DDT and not from Dicofol type DDT.
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2008
In this study we screened ten herbal oils, which were purchased from the local market of Meerut r... more In this study we screened ten herbal oils, which were purchased from the local market of Meerut region to study their role as inhibitors of food-borne pathogens. Of the ten essential oils, only cinnamon and clove oil exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity, followed by peppermint and Eucalyptus oil. Cinnamon oil exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.25% (v/v), followed by clove oil with an MIC of 2.5% (v/v). These oils therefore possess potential to be used as food biopreservatives.
SpringerBriefs in environmental science, Aug 1, 2017
Due to industrial development, the amount and variety of hazardous substances added to the enviro... more Due to industrial development, the amount and variety of hazardous substances added to the environment has increased drastically. Bioremediation is the process of using microorganisms or other life forms to consume and breakdown environmental pollutants in comparatively safe products. Because bacteria have a fast rate of population growth and are constantly evolving, they can adapt to live off materials and chemicals that are normally poisonous to other species. Some bacteria can remove chlorine from carcinogenic materials, digest pesticides, and have the ability to decolorize various xenobiotic dyes through microbial metabolism. Other microbes used for biological decolorization are red yeasts like Rhodotorula rubra, Cyathus bulleri, Cunninghamella elegans, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Flavobacteria, Deinococcus-thermus, Thermotogae, Firmicutes, Staphylococcus, and Proteobacteria. Construction of strains with broad spectrum of catabolic potential with heavy metal-resistant traits makes them ideal for bioremediation of polluted environments in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The transfer of genetic traits from one organism to another paves way in creating Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) for combating pollution in extreme environments making it a boon to mankind by cleaning up the mess that has created in nature.
IGI Global eBooks, 2022
Phytosterols and phytostanols are a large group of compounds that are found exclusively in plants... more Phytosterols and phytostanols are a large group of compounds that are found exclusively in plants. They are structurally and functionally related to cholesterol but differ from cholesterol in the structure of the side chain. Phytosterols lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) blood cholesterol by preventing cholesterol absorption from the intestine, so they have been known as blood cholesterol-lowering agents. Phytosterols are naturally found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and mainly oils. Dietary phytosterol intakes normally range from 160-400 mg/day with variations depending on food culture and major food sources. Dairy foods remain a food of choice for use as delivery vehicle for many functional ingredients including phytosterols and there are many dairy products available in the global markets which are enriched with phytosterols. The use of phytosterols in commonly consumed dairy products may soon provide an effective tool against CVD and its introduction to our food products is worth anticipating in the near future as nutraceuticals for healthy ageing.
MOJ Food Processing & Technology, Nov 14, 2019
Aromatherapy is a part of CAM that includes the therapeutic use of essential oils from plants and... more Aromatherapy is a part of CAM that includes the therapeutic use of essential oils from plants and their parts like flowers, leaves, roots that are used for the improvement of physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Cancer patients have started a new resurgence in essential oils. Through aromatherapy, many cancer patients have found relief from the dire effects of chemotherapy and those caused by their illness. Aromatherapy is used by cancer patients primarily as supportive care for general well-being. This mini review will highlight on the role of essential oils and their use as aromatherapy in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2000
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 1998
Investigation of changes which occur during seed maturity of Chenopodium quinoa showed that relat... more Investigation of changes which occur during seed maturity of Chenopodium quinoa showed that relative amounts of total (protein plus free) amino acids, glutamic acid, glycine and arginine increase, whereas aspartic acid, threonine, serine, proline, valine and lysine decrease. The protein amino acids showed only slight variations while free aspartic acid, threonine, serine, proline, leucine decrease considerably as compared to valine, isoleucine and lysine which showed a smaller decrease. The major increase in free glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine and histidine was observed from 4th day to maturity.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 1995
The foliage of 62 specimens of Amaranthus belonging to 10 species of grain and four of vegetable ... more The foliage of 62 specimens of Amaranthus belonging to 10 species of grain and four of vegetable type were analysed for vitamin C content. The overall range of vitamin C was from 69 (A. cruentus, AG-122) to 288 mg/100 g (A. hypochondriacus, Rasna) in the grain type and 62 (A. tricolor, Amar-peet) to 209 mg/100 g (A. tricolor, AV-101, exp) in the vegetable type (fresh weight). Variation of vitamin C with leaf position (age) was also studied. While the oil content in 110 lines of A. hypochondriacus varied from 4.4 to 13.2%, most of the specimens had promising oil composition with regard to unsaturated fatty acids.
Phytochemistry, 1984
A reinvestigation of Clausena anisata has yielded imperatorin, xanthotoxol, lansamide-I and three... more A reinvestigation of Clausena anisata has yielded imperatorin, xanthotoxol, lansamide-I and three new furanocoumarin lactone derivatives: indicolactone, anisolactone and 2′,3′-epoxyanisolactone . The structures of these compounds have been elucidated by a combination of ...
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2009
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2003
Fems Microbiology Letters, May 1, 1986
Archives of Microbiology, Mar 1, 1987
Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 st... more Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 studied, the most drastic inactivation was found for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and to lesser extents: NADglutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase, phosphofructokinase-1 and NAD-alcohol dehydrogenase. Ozone treatment also effects the quantity of ATP and of other nucleoside triphosphates, reducing to about 50% of the initial value. The ATP missing in the cells appears in the medium. NAD and protein also accumulate in the medium suggesting that the yeast cells have been permeabilized. Permeabilization of the yeast cells by treatment with ozone preceeds the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and other cytosolic enzymes.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, Dec 20, 2005
The impact of the leaf curl disease caused by a begomovirus on capsaicinoids content in diseased ... more The impact of the leaf curl disease caused by a begomovirus on capsaicinoids content in diseased fruits of six cultivars of hot pepper was investigated. The amounts of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and nor-dihydrocapsaicin were found invariably higher in the diseased samples as compared to the healthy. The inter-varietal variation of capsaicin in healthy fruits ranged from 0.51 to 2.25 mg/g, dihydrocapsaicin 0.31 to 2.98 mg/g and nor-dihydrocapsaicin 0.04 to 0.75 mg/g where as in diseased fruits capsaicin ranged from 1.72 to 2.67 mg/g, dihydrocapsaicin 1.09 to 3.52 mg/g and nor-dihydrocapsaicin 0.12 to 0.86 mg/g. The highest impact of virus infection was recorded in Selection–16, which showed almost a four fold increase in dihydrocapsaicin and three fold in capsaicin and nor-dihydrocapsaicin contents in the fruits as a result of disease infestation. The protein, total phenols, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were also found higher in the diseased fruits than that of healthy.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, Dec 10, 1992
Experimental pathology, Jun 19, 2013
E pidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies have implicated solar ultraviolet (UV) radiatio... more E pidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies have implicated solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in various skin diseases including premature aging of the skin and melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Chronic UV radiation exposureinduced skin diseases or skin disorders are caused by the excessive induction of infl ammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage, etc. Th e use of chemopreventive agents, such as plant polyphenols, to inhibit these events in UV-exposed skin has been gaining attention. Chemoprevention refers to the use of agents that can inhibit, reverse, or retard the process of these harmful events in the UV-exposed skin. A wide variety of polyphenols or phytochemicals, most of which are dietary supplements, have been reported to possess substantial skin photoprotective eff ects. Several polyphenols suppress lipid peroxidation to maintain the cellular status of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Due to the NF-κB suppressing eff ect of polyphenols, some of them (e.g. curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin and green tea polyphenols) have been shown to decrease the expression of chemokines and cytokines. Polyphenols in healthy foods or drinks such as chocolate, red wine, or beer are readily metabolized to phenolic acids and aldehydes by the microfl ora of the intestine, raising the possibility that these metabolites are responsible for their anti-infl ammatory properties. Polyphenols are known for their unique property of activation at multiple levels, through the modulation of MAPK, Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways, inhibiting the production of infl ammatory cytokines and chemokines, suppressing the activity of COX and iNOS and decreasing the production of ROS/RNS. Akt plays crucial roles in mammalian cell survival signaling and has been shown to be activated in various cancers. Several phytochemicals including genistein, curcuminoids and catechins are known to suppress the activation of Akt, thus, inhibiting cancer cell growth. Almost all cell types, when exposed to TNF-α, LPS or other stimuli, activate NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors, leading to the expression of infl ammatory genes, such as COX-2, iNOS, cell adhesion molecules, infl ammatory cytokines and chemokines. Th us, all the dietary agents that can suppress these transcription factors have the potential of inhibiting the expression of COX-2, iNOS, cell adhesion molecules, TNF-α and interleukins. Several dietary components including resveratrol, curcumin, and green tea catechins have been shown to suppress COX-2 giving the benefi t of decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Th e iNOS, which is responsible for the release of free radical nitric oxide, was suppressed by several phytochemicals and dietary agents stimulated with LPS and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Other sources of the antioxidant properties of polyphenols is their free radicals scavenger features, which is primarily based on their structure.
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Jul 10, 2013
C arotenoids are fat-soluble pigments widely distributed in nature.They comprise two main groups;... more C arotenoids are fat-soluble pigments widely distributed in nature.They comprise two main groups; carotenes and oxycarotenoids. Their distinctive pattern of alternating single and double bonds in the polyene backbone might be responsible to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the nature of specific end groups on carotenoids may influence their polarity.Antioxidants help to control free radicals by quenching them by donating electrons to molecules before they damage other biomolecules of the cell or by reducing their energy or stopping their formation by interrupting oxidizing chain reaction. Scavenging of free radicals may be by gaining its "missing" electron by removing an electron from another molecule or to add itself to another molecule in its attempt to pair single electron, forming an adduct. In either case, the electron-rich character of carotenoids makes them attractive to radicals, thus sparing other cell components (DNA, RNA, carbohydrates, proteins, andlipids) from damage. Carotenes along with xanthophylls, astaxanthin, lycopene and lutein seem to offer protection against breast, lung,colorectal,uterine and prostate cancers. They help to prevent heart diseases, supplementation along with vitamin C and E reduce the risk of developing diabetes and to fight against Alzheimer's disease. They are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) but increased consumption of carotenoids may cause the skin to turn orange or yellow, known as "carotenodermia. " This occurrence is completely benign and is unrelated to jaundice that can result from liver disease or other causes. Although it is tempting to formulate a cocktail of carotenoids with a desire to provide a full spectrum of health benefits but it is advised to take into consideration the health benefit to be targeted specifically.
European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2011
HCH and DDT, the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in soils from northern Uttar Prad... more HCH and DDT, the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in soils from northern Uttar Pradesh, India. The average concentration of HCHs and DDTs was 7.58±1.54 ng g-1 and 0.61±0.21 ng g-1 (dry wt.). Compositional analysis of HCH and DDT isomers was carried out to identify the possible contamination sources. The α/γ ratio of HCH (<0.01 - 8.83) reflects the use of technical as well as lindane formulation. The ratio of p,p’-DDT/p,p’-DDE (0.73) and p,p’- DDT/ΣDDT (0.42) indicates the combined effects of past and ongoing usage of DDT. o,p’- DDT/p,p’-DDT (<0.01) ratio suggest the contamination of soils from technical DDT and not from Dicofol type DDT.
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2008
In this study we screened ten herbal oils, which were purchased from the local market of Meerut r... more In this study we screened ten herbal oils, which were purchased from the local market of Meerut region to study their role as inhibitors of food-borne pathogens. Of the ten essential oils, only cinnamon and clove oil exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity, followed by peppermint and Eucalyptus oil. Cinnamon oil exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.25% (v/v), followed by clove oil with an MIC of 2.5% (v/v). These oils therefore possess potential to be used as food biopreservatives.
SpringerBriefs in environmental science, Aug 1, 2017
Due to industrial development, the amount and variety of hazardous substances added to the enviro... more Due to industrial development, the amount and variety of hazardous substances added to the environment has increased drastically. Bioremediation is the process of using microorganisms or other life forms to consume and breakdown environmental pollutants in comparatively safe products. Because bacteria have a fast rate of population growth and are constantly evolving, they can adapt to live off materials and chemicals that are normally poisonous to other species. Some bacteria can remove chlorine from carcinogenic materials, digest pesticides, and have the ability to decolorize various xenobiotic dyes through microbial metabolism. Other microbes used for biological decolorization are red yeasts like Rhodotorula rubra, Cyathus bulleri, Cunninghamella elegans, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Flavobacteria, Deinococcus-thermus, Thermotogae, Firmicutes, Staphylococcus, and Proteobacteria. Construction of strains with broad spectrum of catabolic potential with heavy metal-resistant traits makes them ideal for bioremediation of polluted environments in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The transfer of genetic traits from one organism to another paves way in creating Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) for combating pollution in extreme environments making it a boon to mankind by cleaning up the mess that has created in nature.
IGI Global eBooks, 2022
Phytosterols and phytostanols are a large group of compounds that are found exclusively in plants... more Phytosterols and phytostanols are a large group of compounds that are found exclusively in plants. They are structurally and functionally related to cholesterol but differ from cholesterol in the structure of the side chain. Phytosterols lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) blood cholesterol by preventing cholesterol absorption from the intestine, so they have been known as blood cholesterol-lowering agents. Phytosterols are naturally found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and mainly oils. Dietary phytosterol intakes normally range from 160-400 mg/day with variations depending on food culture and major food sources. Dairy foods remain a food of choice for use as delivery vehicle for many functional ingredients including phytosterols and there are many dairy products available in the global markets which are enriched with phytosterols. The use of phytosterols in commonly consumed dairy products may soon provide an effective tool against CVD and its introduction to our food products is worth anticipating in the near future as nutraceuticals for healthy ageing.
MOJ Food Processing & Technology, Nov 14, 2019
Aromatherapy is a part of CAM that includes the therapeutic use of essential oils from plants and... more Aromatherapy is a part of CAM that includes the therapeutic use of essential oils from plants and their parts like flowers, leaves, roots that are used for the improvement of physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Cancer patients have started a new resurgence in essential oils. Through aromatherapy, many cancer patients have found relief from the dire effects of chemotherapy and those caused by their illness. Aromatherapy is used by cancer patients primarily as supportive care for general well-being. This mini review will highlight on the role of essential oils and their use as aromatherapy in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2000
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 1998
Investigation of changes which occur during seed maturity of Chenopodium quinoa showed that relat... more Investigation of changes which occur during seed maturity of Chenopodium quinoa showed that relative amounts of total (protein plus free) amino acids, glutamic acid, glycine and arginine increase, whereas aspartic acid, threonine, serine, proline, valine and lysine decrease. The protein amino acids showed only slight variations while free aspartic acid, threonine, serine, proline, leucine decrease considerably as compared to valine, isoleucine and lysine which showed a smaller decrease. The major increase in free glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine and histidine was observed from 4th day to maturity.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 1995
The foliage of 62 specimens of Amaranthus belonging to 10 species of grain and four of vegetable ... more The foliage of 62 specimens of Amaranthus belonging to 10 species of grain and four of vegetable type were analysed for vitamin C content. The overall range of vitamin C was from 69 (A. cruentus, AG-122) to 288 mg/100 g (A. hypochondriacus, Rasna) in the grain type and 62 (A. tricolor, Amar-peet) to 209 mg/100 g (A. tricolor, AV-101, exp) in the vegetable type (fresh weight). Variation of vitamin C with leaf position (age) was also studied. While the oil content in 110 lines of A. hypochondriacus varied from 4.4 to 13.2%, most of the specimens had promising oil composition with regard to unsaturated fatty acids.
Phytochemistry, 1984
A reinvestigation of Clausena anisata has yielded imperatorin, xanthotoxol, lansamide-I and three... more A reinvestigation of Clausena anisata has yielded imperatorin, xanthotoxol, lansamide-I and three new furanocoumarin lactone derivatives: indicolactone, anisolactone and 2′,3′-epoxyanisolactone . The structures of these compounds have been elucidated by a combination of ...
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2009
Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 2003
Fems Microbiology Letters, May 1, 1986
Archives of Microbiology, Mar 1, 1987
Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 st... more Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 studied, the most drastic inactivation was found for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and to lesser extents: NADglutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase, phosphofructokinase-1 and NAD-alcohol dehydrogenase. Ozone treatment also effects the quantity of ATP and of other nucleoside triphosphates, reducing to about 50% of the initial value. The ATP missing in the cells appears in the medium. NAD and protein also accumulate in the medium suggesting that the yeast cells have been permeabilized. Permeabilization of the yeast cells by treatment with ozone preceeds the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and other cytosolic enzymes.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, Dec 20, 2005
The impact of the leaf curl disease caused by a begomovirus on capsaicinoids content in diseased ... more The impact of the leaf curl disease caused by a begomovirus on capsaicinoids content in diseased fruits of six cultivars of hot pepper was investigated. The amounts of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and nor-dihydrocapsaicin were found invariably higher in the diseased samples as compared to the healthy. The inter-varietal variation of capsaicin in healthy fruits ranged from 0.51 to 2.25 mg/g, dihydrocapsaicin 0.31 to 2.98 mg/g and nor-dihydrocapsaicin 0.04 to 0.75 mg/g where as in diseased fruits capsaicin ranged from 1.72 to 2.67 mg/g, dihydrocapsaicin 1.09 to 3.52 mg/g and nor-dihydrocapsaicin 0.12 to 0.86 mg/g. The highest impact of virus infection was recorded in Selection–16, which showed almost a four fold increase in dihydrocapsaicin and three fold in capsaicin and nor-dihydrocapsaicin contents in the fruits as a result of disease infestation. The protein, total phenols, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were also found higher in the diseased fruits than that of healthy.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, Dec 10, 1992