Dheeraj Varma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dheeraj Varma
2020 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), 2020
The technique of concealing a confidential information in a carrier information is known as stega... more The technique of concealing a confidential information in a carrier information is known as steganography. When we use digital images as carriers, it is termed as image steganography. The advancements in digital technology and the need for information security have given great significance for image steganographic methods in the area of secured communication. An efficient steganographic system is characterized by a good trade-off between its features such as imperceptibility and capacity. The proposed scheme implements an edge-detection based adaptive steganography with transform domain embedding, offering high imperceptibility and capacity. The scheme employs an adaptive embedding technique to select optimal data-hiding regions in carrier image, using Canny edge detection and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then, the secret image is embedded in the Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) coefficients of the selected carrier image blocks, with the help of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The analysis of the scheme is performed using metrics such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC).
2020 7th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), 2020
In this paper, we propose an accurate, scalable data-free approach based on eigenvectors and Conv... more In this paper, we propose an accurate, scalable data-free approach based on eigenvectors and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for rotated object detection. Detecting an arbitrarily diverted object poses a challenging problem, as features extracted by CNNs are variant to small changes in shift and scale. They lack in performance for images at orientation different from input data. Hence, we introduce a novel two-step architecture, which detects multiple objects at any angle in an image efficiently. We utilize eigenvector analysis on the input image based on bright pixel distribution. The vertical and horizontal vectors are used as a reference to detect the deviation of an image from the original orientation. This analysis gives four orientations of the input image which, that pass through a pre-trained YOLOv3 with proposed decision criteria. Our approach referred to as "Eigen Vectors based Rotation Invariant Multi-Object Deep Detector" (EVRI-MODD), produces rotation invariant detection without any additional training on augmented data and also determines actual image orientation without any prior information. The proposed network achieves high performance on Pascal-VOC 2012 dataset. We evaluate our network performance on three differently rotated angles, 90°, 180°, and 270°, and achieves a significant gain in accuracy by 48%, 50%, and 47% respectively, over YOLOv3.
These days’ technologies go beyond us. For automotive field, the technology of engine develops ve... more These days’ technologies go beyond us. For automotive field, the technology of engine develops very fast even the system of the car, luxury or comforts everything that develops by the innovation of engineer. Although the engineer gives priority for safety measure, but most consumers still have inadequate of knowledge in safety system. Thus safety is the first important thing we must focus. This paper deals with “Force and thermal Analysis on Disc Brake and Optimization of Disc Rotor” which studies about action on disc brake by analysis of the different forces acting on disc brake. Hopefully this paper will help everyone to understand action force and friction force on the disc brake and how disc brake works more efficiently, which can help to reduce the accident that may happen in each day. Profile 3 is selected for further work as it gives better result. Keyword:Disc brake, Disc profile optimization.
Clutch is a machine member which is generally used to engage or disengage the driving shaft to th... more Clutch is a machine member which is generally used to engage or disengage the driving shaft to the driven shaft with any engagement or disengagement, hence it provides an interruptible connection between these two rotating shafts. Mostly here we have used friction clutches and has transmit the torque from one shaft to another shaft at that time huge amount of energy have been induced in it and results in wear . Hence for getting the results we have done here the analysis of the 23 i̊nclined grooves made on the dry friction clutch plate in the ANSYS by taking the reference of Maruti alto 800.
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2015
Though computers are considered as machines, they are expected to give answers to questions in no... more Though computers are considered as machines, they are expected to give answers to questions in normal English language, just the way human beings can do. To train a computer to answer English language questions is an interesting and challenging problem. These problems are handled under two categories: open Domain problems and close domain problems. In this paper a question answering scheme is proposed for close domain systems. The question answering system for closed domain deals with questions under specific domain. Answers to questions from close domain cannot be searched using a search engine. During a close domain, answers to questions are not alive in the public area and so they cannot be search using a search engine. Hence, the answers to such questions are maintained in a database by the domain expert. During retrieval of answers, the best matched answer searched from database is returned to the user. To perform this matching a template matching technique is used. Thus the ma...
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2019
This paper presents plan and advancement of a round waveguide decrease and its transmission estim... more This paper presents plan and advancement of a round waveguide decrease and its transmission estimation over Dband recurrence run 110-170 GHz. It is intended for testing of larger than average waveguide segments over mm wave recurrence groups. Straight waveguide decrease was created and estimations were completed utilizing a low power mm wave test office. Amid a heartbeat signal proliferation in a dielectric waveguide beat surface wave can be energized. This wave speaks to an "antecedent" of wave structure. Previously mentioned wave have a few sections inside the dielectric bar and close to the bar surface. The field appropriation for this wave inside the dielectric bar is a rhombus shape and comprises of cones like Cherenkov wave front. Another reverberation wonder is talked about and shown by investigation in a double polarization hole. The reverberation is shaped by waves skipping between two anisotropic meta surfaces put at the hole closes. The basic metal surfaces are...
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2020
Communication and storage of Private/Secret information have become important parts of our employ... more Communication and storage of Private/Secret information have become important parts of our employment or personal life, after the inception of the Information age. The development in digital technologies and the Internet caused many breakthroughs in the realm of data communication. Unfortunately, this advancement is also offering endless opportunities for attacking the transmission media and steal confidential data. Therefore, secure transmission of data being robust to attacks is required and this objective has gained the attention of many researchers. The technique of hiding information in another information is called steganography. When digital images are used for concealing the secret information, it is called Image Steganography. An important challenge in designing a steganographic scheme is to keep up a good trade-off between features such as robustness, security and imperceptibility. Most of the methods proposed in the literature lack either a feature or the trade-off between them. The proposed method combines image encryption, Lifting Scheme based Wavelet Transform (LS-WT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for providing the trade-off between features. Peak Signal–Noise Ratio (PSNR), Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC), and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) are used to evaluate the performance of the scheme.
Smart Technologies in Data Science and Communication, 2021
International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2016
2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy (ICGCE), 2013
ABSTRACT In the 21 st century solar energy is predicted to serve as a major source of energy, bei... more ABSTRACT In the 21 st century solar energy is predicted to serve as a major source of energy, being the only source having the potential to fulfill the ever increasing energy needs. Most of the large scale solar farms employ flat plate photovoltaic concept, so the installation footprint and shadow effect causes a huge drop in the electrical efficiency of the system. This paper aims at developing a methodology to reduce the area requirements in solar power generation. It proposes the development of a triangular prism shaped solar photovoltaic unit, which would reduce the required area for installation of the panels as opposed to the conventional method. The paper consists of the study of a lab level experimental setup of the proposed model, and comparison of its performance with conventional flat plate solar cells. The use of reflecting mirrors within the setup helps improve the efficiency of the setup, than the panels placed in the same area by conventional method. It also includes scope of future development.
Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), Jan 28, 2015
In this communication, we report the synthesis of small-sized (<10 nm), water-soluble, magneti... more In this communication, we report the synthesis of small-sized (<10 nm), water-soluble, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), which contain either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or octa(tetramethylammonium) (OctaTMA) as functional groups. The POSS-coated MNPs exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetic moments (51-53 emu g(-1) ) comparable to silica-coated MNPs. They also provide good colloidal stability at different pH and salt concentrations, and low cytotoxicity to MCF-7 human breast epithelial cells. The relaxivity data and magnetic resonance (MR) phantom images demonstrate the potential application of these MNPs in bioimaging.
2014 International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS), 2014
Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is an algorithm used to find the rotation and translation to effici... more Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is an algorithm used to find the rotation and translation to efficiently register two point sets. A major drawback of the ICP algorithm is that it demands the data point sets to be approximately registered before it can be applied. Genetic algorithms (GA) provide a global solution to this problem and have no such prerequisite, but their convergence speed is slow. In this paper, we have demonstrated the use of a hybrid of a binary genetic algorithm (GA) and the Comprehensive ICP (CICP) algorithm (an existing variant of the ICP algorithm) to register depth images of a human face. The application of the GA followed by the CICP algorithm has proven to be fast and efficient and has no precondition on initial registration. The hybrid algorithm was able to register twenty control points to an RMS error of 0.6148 in 2.0187 seconds on an average.).
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2010
arXiv (Cornell University), Oct 17, 2019
Mathematics in Engineering, 2022
Internal gravity waves are propagating disturbances in stably stratified fluids, and can transpor... more Internal gravity waves are propagating disturbances in stably stratified fluids, and can transport momentum and energy over large spatial extents. From a fundamental viewpoint, internal waves are interesting due to the nature of their dispersion relation, and their linear dynamics are reasonably well-understood. From an oceanographic viewpoint, a qualitative and quantitative understanding of significant internal wave generation in the ocean is emerging, while their dissipation mechanisms are being debated. This paper reviews the current knowledge on instabilities in internal gravity waves, primarily focusing on the growth of small-amplitude disturbances. Historically, wave-wave interactions based on weakly nonlinear expansions have driven progress in this field, to investigate spontaneous energy transfer to various temporal and spatial scales. Recent advances in numerical/experimental modeling and field observations have further revealed noticeable differences between various intern...
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 2017
Physical Review Fluids, 2020
Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 2020
2020 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), 2020
The technique of concealing a confidential information in a carrier information is known as stega... more The technique of concealing a confidential information in a carrier information is known as steganography. When we use digital images as carriers, it is termed as image steganography. The advancements in digital technology and the need for information security have given great significance for image steganographic methods in the area of secured communication. An efficient steganographic system is characterized by a good trade-off between its features such as imperceptibility and capacity. The proposed scheme implements an edge-detection based adaptive steganography with transform domain embedding, offering high imperceptibility and capacity. The scheme employs an adaptive embedding technique to select optimal data-hiding regions in carrier image, using Canny edge detection and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then, the secret image is embedded in the Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) coefficients of the selected carrier image blocks, with the help of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The analysis of the scheme is performed using metrics such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC).
2020 7th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), 2020
In this paper, we propose an accurate, scalable data-free approach based on eigenvectors and Conv... more In this paper, we propose an accurate, scalable data-free approach based on eigenvectors and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for rotated object detection. Detecting an arbitrarily diverted object poses a challenging problem, as features extracted by CNNs are variant to small changes in shift and scale. They lack in performance for images at orientation different from input data. Hence, we introduce a novel two-step architecture, which detects multiple objects at any angle in an image efficiently. We utilize eigenvector analysis on the input image based on bright pixel distribution. The vertical and horizontal vectors are used as a reference to detect the deviation of an image from the original orientation. This analysis gives four orientations of the input image which, that pass through a pre-trained YOLOv3 with proposed decision criteria. Our approach referred to as "Eigen Vectors based Rotation Invariant Multi-Object Deep Detector" (EVRI-MODD), produces rotation invariant detection without any additional training on augmented data and also determines actual image orientation without any prior information. The proposed network achieves high performance on Pascal-VOC 2012 dataset. We evaluate our network performance on three differently rotated angles, 90°, 180°, and 270°, and achieves a significant gain in accuracy by 48%, 50%, and 47% respectively, over YOLOv3.
These days’ technologies go beyond us. For automotive field, the technology of engine develops ve... more These days’ technologies go beyond us. For automotive field, the technology of engine develops very fast even the system of the car, luxury or comforts everything that develops by the innovation of engineer. Although the engineer gives priority for safety measure, but most consumers still have inadequate of knowledge in safety system. Thus safety is the first important thing we must focus. This paper deals with “Force and thermal Analysis on Disc Brake and Optimization of Disc Rotor” which studies about action on disc brake by analysis of the different forces acting on disc brake. Hopefully this paper will help everyone to understand action force and friction force on the disc brake and how disc brake works more efficiently, which can help to reduce the accident that may happen in each day. Profile 3 is selected for further work as it gives better result. Keyword:Disc brake, Disc profile optimization.
Clutch is a machine member which is generally used to engage or disengage the driving shaft to th... more Clutch is a machine member which is generally used to engage or disengage the driving shaft to the driven shaft with any engagement or disengagement, hence it provides an interruptible connection between these two rotating shafts. Mostly here we have used friction clutches and has transmit the torque from one shaft to another shaft at that time huge amount of energy have been induced in it and results in wear . Hence for getting the results we have done here the analysis of the 23 i̊nclined grooves made on the dry friction clutch plate in the ANSYS by taking the reference of Maruti alto 800.
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2015
Though computers are considered as machines, they are expected to give answers to questions in no... more Though computers are considered as machines, they are expected to give answers to questions in normal English language, just the way human beings can do. To train a computer to answer English language questions is an interesting and challenging problem. These problems are handled under two categories: open Domain problems and close domain problems. In this paper a question answering scheme is proposed for close domain systems. The question answering system for closed domain deals with questions under specific domain. Answers to questions from close domain cannot be searched using a search engine. During a close domain, answers to questions are not alive in the public area and so they cannot be search using a search engine. Hence, the answers to such questions are maintained in a database by the domain expert. During retrieval of answers, the best matched answer searched from database is returned to the user. To perform this matching a template matching technique is used. Thus the ma...
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2019
This paper presents plan and advancement of a round waveguide decrease and its transmission estim... more This paper presents plan and advancement of a round waveguide decrease and its transmission estimation over Dband recurrence run 110-170 GHz. It is intended for testing of larger than average waveguide segments over mm wave recurrence groups. Straight waveguide decrease was created and estimations were completed utilizing a low power mm wave test office. Amid a heartbeat signal proliferation in a dielectric waveguide beat surface wave can be energized. This wave speaks to an "antecedent" of wave structure. Previously mentioned wave have a few sections inside the dielectric bar and close to the bar surface. The field appropriation for this wave inside the dielectric bar is a rhombus shape and comprises of cones like Cherenkov wave front. Another reverberation wonder is talked about and shown by investigation in a double polarization hole. The reverberation is shaped by waves skipping between two anisotropic meta surfaces put at the hole closes. The basic metal surfaces are...
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2020
Communication and storage of Private/Secret information have become important parts of our employ... more Communication and storage of Private/Secret information have become important parts of our employment or personal life, after the inception of the Information age. The development in digital technologies and the Internet caused many breakthroughs in the realm of data communication. Unfortunately, this advancement is also offering endless opportunities for attacking the transmission media and steal confidential data. Therefore, secure transmission of data being robust to attacks is required and this objective has gained the attention of many researchers. The technique of hiding information in another information is called steganography. When digital images are used for concealing the secret information, it is called Image Steganography. An important challenge in designing a steganographic scheme is to keep up a good trade-off between features such as robustness, security and imperceptibility. Most of the methods proposed in the literature lack either a feature or the trade-off between them. The proposed method combines image encryption, Lifting Scheme based Wavelet Transform (LS-WT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for providing the trade-off between features. Peak Signal–Noise Ratio (PSNR), Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC), and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) are used to evaluate the performance of the scheme.
Smart Technologies in Data Science and Communication, 2021
International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2016
2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy (ICGCE), 2013
ABSTRACT In the 21 st century solar energy is predicted to serve as a major source of energy, bei... more ABSTRACT In the 21 st century solar energy is predicted to serve as a major source of energy, being the only source having the potential to fulfill the ever increasing energy needs. Most of the large scale solar farms employ flat plate photovoltaic concept, so the installation footprint and shadow effect causes a huge drop in the electrical efficiency of the system. This paper aims at developing a methodology to reduce the area requirements in solar power generation. It proposes the development of a triangular prism shaped solar photovoltaic unit, which would reduce the required area for installation of the panels as opposed to the conventional method. The paper consists of the study of a lab level experimental setup of the proposed model, and comparison of its performance with conventional flat plate solar cells. The use of reflecting mirrors within the setup helps improve the efficiency of the setup, than the panels placed in the same area by conventional method. It also includes scope of future development.
Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), Jan 28, 2015
In this communication, we report the synthesis of small-sized (<10 nm), water-soluble, magneti... more In this communication, we report the synthesis of small-sized (<10 nm), water-soluble, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), which contain either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or octa(tetramethylammonium) (OctaTMA) as functional groups. The POSS-coated MNPs exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetic moments (51-53 emu g(-1) ) comparable to silica-coated MNPs. They also provide good colloidal stability at different pH and salt concentrations, and low cytotoxicity to MCF-7 human breast epithelial cells. The relaxivity data and magnetic resonance (MR) phantom images demonstrate the potential application of these MNPs in bioimaging.
2014 International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS), 2014
Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is an algorithm used to find the rotation and translation to effici... more Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is an algorithm used to find the rotation and translation to efficiently register two point sets. A major drawback of the ICP algorithm is that it demands the data point sets to be approximately registered before it can be applied. Genetic algorithms (GA) provide a global solution to this problem and have no such prerequisite, but their convergence speed is slow. In this paper, we have demonstrated the use of a hybrid of a binary genetic algorithm (GA) and the Comprehensive ICP (CICP) algorithm (an existing variant of the ICP algorithm) to register depth images of a human face. The application of the GA followed by the CICP algorithm has proven to be fast and efficient and has no precondition on initial registration. The hybrid algorithm was able to register twenty control points to an RMS error of 0.6148 in 2.0187 seconds on an average.).
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2010
arXiv (Cornell University), Oct 17, 2019
Mathematics in Engineering, 2022
Internal gravity waves are propagating disturbances in stably stratified fluids, and can transpor... more Internal gravity waves are propagating disturbances in stably stratified fluids, and can transport momentum and energy over large spatial extents. From a fundamental viewpoint, internal waves are interesting due to the nature of their dispersion relation, and their linear dynamics are reasonably well-understood. From an oceanographic viewpoint, a qualitative and quantitative understanding of significant internal wave generation in the ocean is emerging, while their dissipation mechanisms are being debated. This paper reviews the current knowledge on instabilities in internal gravity waves, primarily focusing on the growth of small-amplitude disturbances. Historically, wave-wave interactions based on weakly nonlinear expansions have driven progress in this field, to investigate spontaneous energy transfer to various temporal and spatial scales. Recent advances in numerical/experimental modeling and field observations have further revealed noticeable differences between various intern...
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 2017
Physical Review Fluids, 2020
Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 2020