Dhirender Kaushik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dhirender Kaushik
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1989
Malathion is a widely used broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide. Its wide use provides man... more Malathion is a widely used broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide. Its wide use provides many occasions for its entry into aquatic environments. Pesticides reach aquatic systems by direct application, spray drift, aerial spraying, washing from the atmosphere by precipitation, erosion and runoff from agricultural land, by discharge of effluents from factories, and in sewage (Edwards 1976). The presence of this chemical in the aquatic environment would adversely affect many non-target species like fish. As reported by Khan (1976), about 50 to 90% of the absorbed malathion can be eliminated in one to three days by the fish. According to Edwards (1976), about 25% of malathion remained in river water after 2 wk, and 10% remained after 4 wk from the time of its entry.
Archives of Applied Science Research, 2009
The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial act... more The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of fruits of Solanum nigrum plant belonging to Solanaceae family. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by using Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema while analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated for its central and peripheral pharmacological actions by using Eddy's hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing respectively. The study was carried out using doses of 100, 250 & 500 mg/kg orally. The extract showed significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activity at the dose of 500 mg/kg (P<0.01) as compare to standard drug Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). The plant extract significantly inhibited the S. aureus and B. sublitis (Gram +ve) at all the tested concentrations (100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml) as compare to standard drug Ciprofloxacin (20 µg/ml) whereas the extract failed to show inhibitory effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-ve) at a concentration of 25mg/ml. The extract also showed significant inhibitory effect against C. albicans at all concentrations except at 25mg/ml as compare to standard drug Amphotericin B (100µg/ml).
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jun 25, 2009
Abutilon indicum (Linn.) (Malvaceae) is a shrub distributed throughout India. The various parts o... more Abutilon indicum (Linn.) (Malvaceae) is a shrub distributed throughout India. The various parts of the plant (leaves, roots, seeds and seed oil) are widely used by various tribal communities and forest dwellers for the treatment of variety of ailments. The plant is documented to possess beneficial effects as sweet, cooling, digestive, laxative, expectorant, diuretic, astringent, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, demulcent and aphrodisiac. Following various folk claims for cure of numerous diseases, efforts have been made by researchers to verify the efficacy of the plant through scientific biological screenings. The plant contains saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, hexoses, n-alkane mixtures (C22-34), alkanols, and amino acids as main classes of compounds. A scrutiny of literature revealed some notable pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antipyretic, antimalarial, antifertility, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and wound healing. The present review is an attempt to highlight the various ethnobotanical and traditional uses as well as phytochemical and pharmacological reports on A. indicum.
Natural Products: An Indian Journal, 2008
Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2009
Ethanolic leaves extract of Mitragyna parvifolia was screened for anti-inflammatory activity usin... more Ethanolic leaves extract of Mitragyna parvifolia was screened for anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan-induced paw edema at various doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) and the results were compared with standard drug Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). It showed significant activity at 250 and 500 mg/kg (p < 0.01). The extract was also screened for antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects at various concentrations (100, 300 and 500 µg/ml) by reducing power assay, superoxide radical and DPPH free radical scavenging method. All these antioxidant activities were concentration dependent which were compared with standard antioxidants such as BHA and ascorbic acid. The highest antioxidant activity of M. parvifolia leaves extract was observed at a concentration of 500µg/ml.
Medicinal Chemistry Research, Nov 19, 2011
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and ... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and Pyrazolylpyridines.-Pyrazolinylpyridines (V)(5 examples) and pyrazolylpyridines (VII)(5 examples) are prepared and evaluated for their insecticidal, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Derivative (IIIa) gives the best control of insects, fungi and bacteria.
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov 1, 2016
A highly efficient convergent route for the synthesis of N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2amino/aminoa... more A highly efficient convergent route for the synthesis of N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2amino/aminoaryl/alkyl/aryl/heteroarylthiazole-4-carboxamides (bacillamide analogues) was described via a two-step solvent-free synthesis. Bacillamide analogues showed excellent to moderate cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, Dec 1, 2014
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec 1, 2013
Searching for new anti-inflammatory agents, we have prepared a series of potential COX-2 inhibito... more Searching for new anti-inflammatory agents, we have prepared a series of potential COX-2 inhibitors, 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-Δ(2)-pyrazolines (3) and 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (4), by refluxing 2-hydrazino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (1) with a number of trifluoromethyl-β-diketones (2) in ethanol. Further dehydration of compounds (3) to the corresponding 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (5) was also achieved. Fifteen of these compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. While all the compounds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity (47-76%) as compared to indomethacin (78%), 3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (4) were found to be the most effective agents (62-76%). To rationalize this anti-inflammatory activity, docking experiments molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the ability of these compounds to bind into the active site of the COX-2 enzyme.
Indian drugs, Jun 28, 2018
Free radicals are reactive molecules involved in many physiological processes and have been assoc... more Free radicals are reactive molecules involved in many physiological processes and have been associated with many diseases, such as ageing, cancer, arthritis and liver injury and cardiac complications. The total phenolics content were found to be 34.4±0.10 and 27.6±1.20 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAe)/g and total flavonoids contents, total tannin contents were 24.7±0.25 & 18.1±1.20 Re/g and 12.31±0.25 & 9.48±1.85 GAe/g, respectively of polyherbal formulations (HAF-I & HAF-II). Free radical scavenging activity was determined according to the elimination of DPPH radicals and total phenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction. The relative antioxidant ability of the polyherbal formulations were investigated through two in vitro models, such as antioxidant capacity by radical scavenging activity using, α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) methods. The extracts were used at concentration 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg/mL concentrations and radical scavenging activity was determined in terms of inhibition percentage. The IC 50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition) were calculated for each radicals. The present study was designed to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of hydro-alcoholic extracts of polyherbal formulations (HAF-I & HAF-II) various in vitro models using Ascorbic acid and Rutin as a reference. The In vitro free radical DPPH activities were found to 74.17±0.18 & 75.30±0.18 and NO antioxidant activity were found to 75.3±1.10 & 76.17±1.24 at maximum concentration of 100 µg/mL. The In vitro anti-oxidant activity of these polyherbal formulations may be due to the presence of polyphenols.
Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, May 27, 2016
Advances in Bioinformatics, Jul 10, 2014
The present study attempts to establish a relationship between ethnopharmacological claims and bi... more The present study attempts to establish a relationship between ethnopharmacological claims and bioactive constituents present in Pinus roxburghii against all possible targets for diabetes through molecular docking and to develop a pharmacophore model for the active target. The process of molecular docking involves study of different bonding modes of one ligand with active cavities of target receptors protein tyrosine phosphatase 1-beta (PTP-1), dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), aldose reductase (AR), and insulin receptor (IR) with help of docking software Molegro virtual docker (MVD). From the results of docking score values on different receptors for antidiabetic activity, it is observed that constituents, namely, secoisoresinol, pinoresinol, and cedeodarin, showed the best docking results on almost all the receptors, while the most significant results were observed on AR. Then, LigandScout was applied to develop a pharmacophore model for active target. LigandScout revealed that 2 hydrogen bond donors pointing towards Tyr 48 and His 110 are a major requirement of the pharmacophore generated. In our molecular docking studies, the active constituent, secoisoresinol, has also shown hydrogen bonding with His 110 residue which is a part of the pharmacophore. The docking results have given better insights into the development of better aldose reductase inhibitor so as to treat diabetes related secondary complications.
Present study investigated the effects of Pinus roxburghii bark ethanol extract (ETHE) in strepto... more Present study investigated the effects of Pinus roxburghii bark ethanol extract (ETHE) in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in wistar rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6).Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg i.p.). After development of diabetes, the rats were treated with ETHE at the dose of 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight orally for 40 days. The efficacy of ETHE was compared with diabetic control rats. ETHE treatment significantly decreased plasma glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Change in body weight was found to be non-significant in treated groups. It was concluded that ETHE can provide a radical cure for drug-induced diabetic nephropathy by a reduction in renal damage
... In vivo antioxidant activity of plant abutilon indicum Pawan Kaushik, Dhirender Kaushik* and ... more ... In vivo antioxidant activity of plant abutilon indicum Pawan Kaushik, Dhirender Kaushik* and Sukhbir Lal Khokra ... 9. Rahuman AA, Gopalakrishnan G, Venkatesan P, Geetha K. Isolation and identification of mosquito larvicidal compound from Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet. ...
The anticonvulsant effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves of Mitragyna parvifolia was invest... more The anticonvulsant effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves of Mitragyna parvifolia was investigated by studying the effects of seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and maximal electroshock convulsive methods in mice. The extract was administered orally in mice at three doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg). The extract suppressed tonic hind limb extensions (THLE) induced by MES at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg (p<0.05) and also exhibited protector effect in PTZ-induced seizures only at 500 mg/kg (p<0.05). The activity reported was dose dependent in both the models.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 2009
Chronicles of Young Scientists, 2011
Complementary therapies based on herbal medicines are the world's oldest form of medicine and rec... more Complementary therapies based on herbal medicines are the world's oldest form of medicine and recent reports suggest that such therapies still enjoy vast popularity, especially in developing countries where most of the population does not have easy access to modern medicine. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br (Apocynaceae) is an evergreen tropical tree native to Indian sub-continent and South East Asia, having grayish rough bark and milky sap rich in poisonous alkaloid. It is reported to contain various iridoids, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, reducing sugars, simple phenolics, steroids, saponins and tannins. It has been reported to possess antimicrobial, antiamoebic, antidiarrheal, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antiasthmatic, free radical scavenging, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antifertility and wound healing activities. In other parts of the world, it is used as a source cure against bacterial infection, malarial fever, toothache, rheumatism, snakebite, dysentery, bowl disorder, etc. Reports on the pharmacological activities of many isolated constituents from A. scholaris (L.) R.Br are lacking, which warrants further pharmacological studies.
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun 1, 2010
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and ... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and Pyrazolylpyridines.-Pyrazolinylpyridines (V)(5 examples) and pyrazolylpyridines (VII)(5 examples) are prepared and evaluated for their insecticidal, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Derivative (IIIa) gives the best control of insects, fungi and bacteria.
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Sep 25, 2009
ChemInform, Sep 16, 2010
ChemInform Abstract Gemäss Formelbild wird das Acetat (I) in die gesuchten Verbindungen (III)über... more ChemInform Abstract Gemäss Formelbild wird das Acetat (I) in die gesuchten Verbindungen (III)übergeführt, die Wirkung gegen Leukämiezellen der Maus besitzen. Am wirksamsten ist die Verbindung (IIIa). (UV-spektroskopische Daten).
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1989
Malathion is a widely used broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide. Its wide use provides man... more Malathion is a widely used broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide. Its wide use provides many occasions for its entry into aquatic environments. Pesticides reach aquatic systems by direct application, spray drift, aerial spraying, washing from the atmosphere by precipitation, erosion and runoff from agricultural land, by discharge of effluents from factories, and in sewage (Edwards 1976). The presence of this chemical in the aquatic environment would adversely affect many non-target species like fish. As reported by Khan (1976), about 50 to 90% of the absorbed malathion can be eliminated in one to three days by the fish. According to Edwards (1976), about 25% of malathion remained in river water after 2 wk, and 10% remained after 4 wk from the time of its entry.
Archives of Applied Science Research, 2009
The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial act... more The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of fruits of Solanum nigrum plant belonging to Solanaceae family. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by using Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema while analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated for its central and peripheral pharmacological actions by using Eddy's hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing respectively. The study was carried out using doses of 100, 250 & 500 mg/kg orally. The extract showed significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activity at the dose of 500 mg/kg (P<0.01) as compare to standard drug Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). The plant extract significantly inhibited the S. aureus and B. sublitis (Gram +ve) at all the tested concentrations (100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml) as compare to standard drug Ciprofloxacin (20 µg/ml) whereas the extract failed to show inhibitory effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-ve) at a concentration of 25mg/ml. The extract also showed significant inhibitory effect against C. albicans at all concentrations except at 25mg/ml as compare to standard drug Amphotericin B (100µg/ml).
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jun 25, 2009
Abutilon indicum (Linn.) (Malvaceae) is a shrub distributed throughout India. The various parts o... more Abutilon indicum (Linn.) (Malvaceae) is a shrub distributed throughout India. The various parts of the plant (leaves, roots, seeds and seed oil) are widely used by various tribal communities and forest dwellers for the treatment of variety of ailments. The plant is documented to possess beneficial effects as sweet, cooling, digestive, laxative, expectorant, diuretic, astringent, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, demulcent and aphrodisiac. Following various folk claims for cure of numerous diseases, efforts have been made by researchers to verify the efficacy of the plant through scientific biological screenings. The plant contains saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, hexoses, n-alkane mixtures (C22-34), alkanols, and amino acids as main classes of compounds. A scrutiny of literature revealed some notable pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antipyretic, antimalarial, antifertility, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and wound healing. The present review is an attempt to highlight the various ethnobotanical and traditional uses as well as phytochemical and pharmacological reports on A. indicum.
Natural Products: An Indian Journal, 2008
Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2009
Ethanolic leaves extract of Mitragyna parvifolia was screened for anti-inflammatory activity usin... more Ethanolic leaves extract of Mitragyna parvifolia was screened for anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan-induced paw edema at various doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) and the results were compared with standard drug Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). It showed significant activity at 250 and 500 mg/kg (p < 0.01). The extract was also screened for antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects at various concentrations (100, 300 and 500 µg/ml) by reducing power assay, superoxide radical and DPPH free radical scavenging method. All these antioxidant activities were concentration dependent which were compared with standard antioxidants such as BHA and ascorbic acid. The highest antioxidant activity of M. parvifolia leaves extract was observed at a concentration of 500µg/ml.
Medicinal Chemistry Research, Nov 19, 2011
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and ... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and Pyrazolylpyridines.-Pyrazolinylpyridines (V)(5 examples) and pyrazolylpyridines (VII)(5 examples) are prepared and evaluated for their insecticidal, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Derivative (IIIa) gives the best control of insects, fungi and bacteria.
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov 1, 2016
A highly efficient convergent route for the synthesis of N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2amino/aminoa... more A highly efficient convergent route for the synthesis of N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2amino/aminoaryl/alkyl/aryl/heteroarylthiazole-4-carboxamides (bacillamide analogues) was described via a two-step solvent-free synthesis. Bacillamide analogues showed excellent to moderate cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, Dec 1, 2014
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec 1, 2013
Searching for new anti-inflammatory agents, we have prepared a series of potential COX-2 inhibito... more Searching for new anti-inflammatory agents, we have prepared a series of potential COX-2 inhibitors, 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-Δ(2)-pyrazolines (3) and 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (4), by refluxing 2-hydrazino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (1) with a number of trifluoromethyl-β-diketones (2) in ethanol. Further dehydration of compounds (3) to the corresponding 1-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (5) was also achieved. Fifteen of these compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. While all the compounds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity (47-76%) as compared to indomethacin (78%), 3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles (4) were found to be the most effective agents (62-76%). To rationalize this anti-inflammatory activity, docking experiments molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the ability of these compounds to bind into the active site of the COX-2 enzyme.
Indian drugs, Jun 28, 2018
Free radicals are reactive molecules involved in many physiological processes and have been assoc... more Free radicals are reactive molecules involved in many physiological processes and have been associated with many diseases, such as ageing, cancer, arthritis and liver injury and cardiac complications. The total phenolics content were found to be 34.4±0.10 and 27.6±1.20 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAe)/g and total flavonoids contents, total tannin contents were 24.7±0.25 & 18.1±1.20 Re/g and 12.31±0.25 & 9.48±1.85 GAe/g, respectively of polyherbal formulations (HAF-I & HAF-II). Free radical scavenging activity was determined according to the elimination of DPPH radicals and total phenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction. The relative antioxidant ability of the polyherbal formulations were investigated through two in vitro models, such as antioxidant capacity by radical scavenging activity using, α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) methods. The extracts were used at concentration 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg/mL concentrations and radical scavenging activity was determined in terms of inhibition percentage. The IC 50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition) were calculated for each radicals. The present study was designed to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of hydro-alcoholic extracts of polyherbal formulations (HAF-I & HAF-II) various in vitro models using Ascorbic acid and Rutin as a reference. The In vitro free radical DPPH activities were found to 74.17±0.18 & 75.30±0.18 and NO antioxidant activity were found to 75.3±1.10 & 76.17±1.24 at maximum concentration of 100 µg/mL. The In vitro anti-oxidant activity of these polyherbal formulations may be due to the presence of polyphenols.
Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, May 27, 2016
Advances in Bioinformatics, Jul 10, 2014
The present study attempts to establish a relationship between ethnopharmacological claims and bi... more The present study attempts to establish a relationship between ethnopharmacological claims and bioactive constituents present in Pinus roxburghii against all possible targets for diabetes through molecular docking and to develop a pharmacophore model for the active target. The process of molecular docking involves study of different bonding modes of one ligand with active cavities of target receptors protein tyrosine phosphatase 1-beta (PTP-1), dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), aldose reductase (AR), and insulin receptor (IR) with help of docking software Molegro virtual docker (MVD). From the results of docking score values on different receptors for antidiabetic activity, it is observed that constituents, namely, secoisoresinol, pinoresinol, and cedeodarin, showed the best docking results on almost all the receptors, while the most significant results were observed on AR. Then, LigandScout was applied to develop a pharmacophore model for active target. LigandScout revealed that 2 hydrogen bond donors pointing towards Tyr 48 and His 110 are a major requirement of the pharmacophore generated. In our molecular docking studies, the active constituent, secoisoresinol, has also shown hydrogen bonding with His 110 residue which is a part of the pharmacophore. The docking results have given better insights into the development of better aldose reductase inhibitor so as to treat diabetes related secondary complications.
Present study investigated the effects of Pinus roxburghii bark ethanol extract (ETHE) in strepto... more Present study investigated the effects of Pinus roxburghii bark ethanol extract (ETHE) in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in wistar rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6).Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg i.p.). After development of diabetes, the rats were treated with ETHE at the dose of 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight orally for 40 days. The efficacy of ETHE was compared with diabetic control rats. ETHE treatment significantly decreased plasma glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Change in body weight was found to be non-significant in treated groups. It was concluded that ETHE can provide a radical cure for drug-induced diabetic nephropathy by a reduction in renal damage
... In vivo antioxidant activity of plant abutilon indicum Pawan Kaushik, Dhirender Kaushik* and ... more ... In vivo antioxidant activity of plant abutilon indicum Pawan Kaushik, Dhirender Kaushik* and Sukhbir Lal Khokra ... 9. Rahuman AA, Gopalakrishnan G, Venkatesan P, Geetha K. Isolation and identification of mosquito larvicidal compound from Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet. ...
The anticonvulsant effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves of Mitragyna parvifolia was invest... more The anticonvulsant effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves of Mitragyna parvifolia was investigated by studying the effects of seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and maximal electroshock convulsive methods in mice. The extract was administered orally in mice at three doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg). The extract suppressed tonic hind limb extensions (THLE) induced by MES at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg (p<0.05) and also exhibited protector effect in PTZ-induced seizures only at 500 mg/kg (p<0.05). The activity reported was dose dependent in both the models.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 2009
Chronicles of Young Scientists, 2011
Complementary therapies based on herbal medicines are the world's oldest form of medicine and rec... more Complementary therapies based on herbal medicines are the world's oldest form of medicine and recent reports suggest that such therapies still enjoy vast popularity, especially in developing countries where most of the population does not have easy access to modern medicine. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br (Apocynaceae) is an evergreen tropical tree native to Indian sub-continent and South East Asia, having grayish rough bark and milky sap rich in poisonous alkaloid. It is reported to contain various iridoids, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, reducing sugars, simple phenolics, steroids, saponins and tannins. It has been reported to possess antimicrobial, antiamoebic, antidiarrheal, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antiasthmatic, free radical scavenging, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antifertility and wound healing activities. In other parts of the world, it is used as a source cure against bacterial infection, malarial fever, toothache, rheumatism, snakebite, dysentery, bowl disorder, etc. Reports on the pharmacological activities of many isolated constituents from A. scholaris (L.) R.Br are lacking, which warrants further pharmacological studies.
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun 1, 2010
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and ... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and Pyrazolylpyridines.-Pyrazolinylpyridines (V)(5 examples) and pyrazolylpyridines (VII)(5 examples) are prepared and evaluated for their insecticidal, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Derivative (IIIa) gives the best control of insects, fungi and bacteria.
Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Sep 25, 2009
ChemInform, Sep 16, 2010
ChemInform Abstract Gemäss Formelbild wird das Acetat (I) in die gesuchten Verbindungen (III)über... more ChemInform Abstract Gemäss Formelbild wird das Acetat (I) in die gesuchten Verbindungen (III)übergeführt, die Wirkung gegen Leukämiezellen der Maus besitzen. Am wirksamsten ist die Verbindung (IIIa). (UV-spektroskopische Daten).