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Papers by Diaa Marzouk

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Different Clinical Variables Associated with Group A Streptococcal Throat Infection among Children in Primary Care Practice

The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine, Jul 1, 2018

Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An... more Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An effective targeting strategy is needed for appropriate antibiotic prescriptions for GAS sore throat. Objective: This study aimed to assess different clinical variables that can guide management of acute sore throat in children. Methods: A diagnostic cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 children, aged ≥ 3 years ,with acute sore throat attending two primary care clinics in Cairo, Egypt. Demographic information, clinical data and throat swabs were collected from the patients after consent from the parents. Results: The mean age of the children was 5.8 years and almost half of them were males, and had on average 3 attacks of sore throat per year. Out of the 225 children 64 (28.4%) had positive GAS cultures and 183 (81.3%) received antibiotics. Of the 183 who received antibiotics, 128 (69.9%) had cultures negative for group A Streptococcus. There was little difference between those with and without GAS for commonly assessed clinical variables such as the absence of cough. The absence of skin rash was the only variable that was statistically significant (92% and 98% respectively, p<0.05) Conclusion: Clinical variables associated with acute sore throat in Egyptian children cannot accurately diagnose GAS throat infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for Developmental Delays in Children 2-36 Months of Age in a Primary Health Care Center in Cairo, Egypt

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

Background: Developmental delays (DDs) in children are rising and necessitate routine screening f... more Background: Developmental delays (DDs) in children are rising and necessitate routine screening for early recognition and management. Objective(s): To estimate the prevalence of developmental delays among children 2-36 months of age in a Primary Health Care (PHC) center in Cairo, Egypt. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Saraya El-Koba PHC center involving 193 children 2-36 months of age. Data were collected using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) to assess five domains of development: communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social. Some parents' characteristics were also included. Results: Frequency of developmental delays was 9.3%. The domains with the most frequent delays were the communication and gross motor (3.1% each) and the least was the fine motor domain (1.04%). Girls scored significantly higher than boys in the problem-solving domain (p=0.037). First to third order of birth had higher communication and social scores (p=0.025, p=0.003 respectively). Highly educated mothers had children with higher fine motor and total developmental scores (p<0.001 and 0.014 respectively), while highly educated fathers had children with higher communication scores (p=0.009). Duration of breast feeding was positively correlated with gross motor and social scores (p=0.001, p=0.042 respectively). Conclusion: The frequency of DDs was 9.3%. This prevalence is considered high compared to previous studies. It showed several associated factors and recommended early screening of preschool children for prompt recognition and timely intervention.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges During Review of COVID-19 Research Proposals: Experience of Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Research Ethics Committee, Egypt

Frontiers in Medicine, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an overwhelming increase in research studies submitted to resea... more The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an overwhelming increase in research studies submitted to research ethics committees (RECs) presenting many ethical challenges. This article aims to report the challenges encountered during review of COVID-19 research and the experience of the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Research Ethics Committee (FMASU REC). From April 10, 2020, until October 13, 2020, the FMASU REC reviewed 98 COVID-19 research protocols. This article addressed the question of how to face an overwhelming amount of research submitted to the REC while applying the required ethical principles. Ethical challenges included a new accelerated mode of review, online meetings, balance of risks vs. benefits, measures to mitigate risks, co-enrolment in different studies, protection of a vulnerable COVID-19 population, accelerated decisions, online research, how to handle informed consent during the pandemic, and justification of placebo arm.

Research paper thumbnail of Umbilical Cord Blood Banking for Transplantation in Morocco: Problems and opportunities

Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 2014

Several studies have shown that patients with acute leukemia are the most treated with UCB units ... more Several studies have shown that patients with acute leukemia are the most treated with UCB units in the absence of Matched-Related Donor (MRD) or Unrelated Donor (URD). After UCB HSC Transplantation (HSCT), the incidence and

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of periconceptional folic acid use among pregnant women at Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2014

Egypt has a high incidence of neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation in the periconcepti... more Egypt has a high incidence of neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation in the periconceptional period is known to lower the risk of such defects. This cross-sectional study aimed to measure the level of knowledge about periconceptional folic acid use among pregnant women attending for antenatal care at

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of health care workers about Autism at family medicine centers in Cairo

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for hypertension among adults: community outreach in Cairo, Egypt

Background Studies have shown alarming levels of hypertension among adults in the Middle East. Th... more Background Studies have shown alarming levels of hypertension among adults in the Middle East. The aim of our study is to measure the prevalence rate of hypertension among adults in Cairo (Egypt), identify possible risk factors for the development of hypertension and assess the rates of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension. Methods Cluster sampling was utilized and the fieldwork was conducted by 12 teams; each team consisted of a house officer, community worker and senior epidemiologist. A formulated questionnaire that addresses risk factors for hypertension was filled by all participants. Also, weight and height measurements were done to calculate the body mass index. Blood pressure measurement was done by calibrated sphygmomanometers. Blood pressure measurement was done twice, and a mean recording was calculated. A case which recorded both systolic blood pressure of 140 and diastolic blood pressure of 90 was considered hypertensive. Results The study included 774 adult residents of Al-Waily District (Western Zone of Cairo) in late 2011 and early 2012. The mean age of the study participants was 46.5 (SD 17.9) years. Female subjects constituted 67.1% of the studied sample. The prevalence rate of hypertension in our study was 16.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.9-19.3). The rate of hypertension was higher among females and three times higher among obese compared with normal or overweight adults. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 11% (95% CI: 8.4-13.9), and uncontrolled hypertension was 30% (95% CI: 24.2-37). Conclusions Community outreach campaigns should be conducted regularly in the future for early detection of hypertension cases and proper health education about hypertension and its dangerous consequences.

Research paper thumbnail of Early detection of protein energy malnutrition in Sharkia Governorate

The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 2005

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the nutritional status of children, age... more The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the nutritional status of children, aged 6 to 36 months, in Sharkia Governorate aiming for early detection of malnourished cases. the present study was carried out on 1000 children aged 6 to 36 months, selected by a multistage random sample from 6 villages in two districts in Sharkia Governorate. Data were gathered by an interview questionnaire to the child's mother or care giver at their homes. Anthropometric measurements as height, weight, mid-arm, head circumference and skin fold thickness were assessed. Body mass index was calculated. Dietary evaluation was done by a 24 hours recall for amounts and frequencies of food and was transferred to their recommended daily allowance (RDA). The studied children were classified into three groups according to their weight for age percentiles, underweight children, borderline malnourished children and normal weight children. Serum hemoglobin, pre-albumin and albumin were assessed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Tehranian Adults and Their Relation to Serum Lipid and Lipoproteins: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2010

Background/Aim: The high prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among the... more Background/Aim: The high prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among the general urban population of Tehran necessitates an urgent implementation of nutritional interventional programs to curtail these risk factors. This study aimed to provide preliminary data on the knowledge, attitude and practices of urban Tehranian adults regarding nutrition and their relation to major non-communicable disease risk factors and to assess the need for educational interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed within the framework of the second phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Subjects were 826 individuals, 369 men and 457 women, aged 20–70 years old, selected randomly from among 15,005 participants in the TLGS. Knowledge, attitude and practices of subjects were assessed by a ‘knowledge, attitude and practice’ questionnaire; height, weight, waist and hip circumferences were measured, and BMI and waist to hip ratio were calculated. Bioche...

Research paper thumbnail of Reported OBEs according to month and occupation, 2008–2010, Ain shams University Hospital, Cairo

<p>OBE: occupational blood exposure; HCW: healthcare worker.</p

Research paper thumbnail of Study flowchart, Ain shams University Hospital, Cairo

<p>HCW: healthcare worker; OBE: occupational blood exposure, IP: index patient; HCV-Ab: Hep... more <p>HCW: healthcare worker; OBE: occupational blood exposure, IP: index patient; HCV-Ab: Hepatitis C virus antibody.</p

Research paper thumbnail of Association between vitamin B12 level and clinical peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients on metformin therapy

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery

Background Vitamin B12 malabsorption is one of the side effects of long-term metformin intake. Pr... more Background Vitamin B12 malabsorption is one of the side effects of long-term metformin intake. Prolonged vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to irreversible nervous system damage. So, the current study aimed to determine the association between serum vitamin B12 level and clinical peripheral neuropathy among type 2 DM patients who are on metformin in comparison to those not taking it. It is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Egypt and recruited 100 type 2 diabetic patients who were divided into 2 groups: metformin treated, and non-metformin treated (50 subjects per group). The collected data included personal history, medical history, dietetic history that included frequency of eating food rich in vitamin B12 and clinical peripheral neuropathy assessment by Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS). Blood samples were collected for assessment of HbA1c and vitamin B12 level. Results Vitamin B12 deficiency was present in 4% of metformin group and 2% of non-metformin group. The mea...

Research paper thumbnail of Overview on health research ethics in North Africa

(IJRE) International Journal of Research and Ethics (ISSN 2665-7481), 2022

The purpose of this article is to overview the status of health research ethics in Morocco and NA... more The purpose of this article is to overview the status of health research ethics in Morocco and NA countries, with reference to other Middle Eastern countries. The EU and NA Migrants: Health and Health Systems project (EUNAM) has supported the revision of the status of health research ethics in NA countries, by holding meetings and discussions to collect information about research ethics committees in Egypt, and revising the structure and guidelines of the committees, as well as reviewing the literature concerning ethics activities in the concerned countries. This overview has revealed that although efforts regarding health research ethics in NA countries need to be enhanced, in the form of establishment of more institutional ethics committees, noticeable efforts have been made to regulate research ethics in certain countries in the Middle East, This can be seen in the new regulations, which contain the majority of protections mentioned in the international guidelines related to rese...

Research paper thumbnail of Factors Affecting Opposition of Insulin Initiation Among Type 2 DM Patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals

Eman M. Ahmed, Maha M. Wahdan, Essam M. Bayoumy, Diaa Marzouk Family Medicine Department, Faculty... more Eman M. Ahmed, Maha M. Wahdan, Essam M. Bayoumy, Diaa Marzouk Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Abstract: Background: One of the obstacles to diabetes management is delayed insulin initiation in uncontrolled type 2DM patients. Objectives: To measure the frequency of insulin opposition among Egyptian type 2 diabetes patients, uncontrolled, on two or more oral hypoglycemic combination therapy and to assess factors associated with insulin opposition. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient clinics at Ain Shams University hospitals, on purposive sample of 103 type 2 diabetic patients, uncontrolled, on two or more oral hypoglycemic combination therapy, using a structured questionnaire. Results: Uncontrolled type 2DM pa...

Research paper thumbnail of Breast cancer and hormonal intake among Egyptian females

European Journal of Oncology, 2009

Background. Carcinoma of the breast is the most prevalent cancer among Egyptian women and represe... more Background. Carcinoma of the breast is the most prevalent cancer among Egyptian women and represents 29% of the National Cancer Institute cases. Cancer of the breast could be enhanced by many factors; one of them is estrogen, whether endogenous or exogenous. Epidemiological evidence indicates that prolonged lifetime exposure to estrogen is associated with elevated breast cancer risk in women. Aim. To study the association between breast cancer and history of intake of reproductive hormones (estrogen, progesterone and hormonal replacement therapy) among Egyptian females and identify other risk factors for breast cancer. Patients and Methods. A case-control study was carried out in the National Cancer Institute and Ain Shams University hospitals in Cairo. A total number of 351 patients were included, 198 breast cancer cases and 153 controls. All cases and controls underwent interviewing questionnaire inquiring about risk factors for breast cancer including: socio-demographic, reproduc...

Research paper thumbnail of Completeness and Accuracy of Information in Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients Family Health Records at Meet-Okba Family Health Centre, Giza, Egypt

Ain Shams Medical Journal, 2020

Background: Improving medical record completeness services is an important step towards improving... more Background: Improving medical record completeness services is an important step towards improving the quality of healthcare. It can also provide valuable information to help measure progress and effectiveness of involved service provided. The medical record has become an important legal document; good medical records "in terms of completeness and accuracy of recorded information "are essential not only for the present and future care of the patient but also as a legal document to protect the patient and the hospitals from litigation. Many studies have been carried out to assess the completeness of family health records; but this data must be checked regarding its accuracy. the current study will determine to what extent the recorded data represent the true situation by interviewing the patients at the selected family health center. The current study will focus on family forms specific for the most prevalent chronic diseases among adults in Egypt Hypertensive and Diabetic patients as evidenced by the latest Demographic and Health Survey, 2017. Aim of the Study: To measure the completeness and accuracy of the family health record forms specific for diabetic and hypertensive patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Rate of minor injuries patients’ attendance at surgical emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Adherence to guidelines in management of irritable bowel syndrome in internal medicine outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals and three Minister of Health Family centers

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and factors affecting opposition of insulin initiation among type 2 DM patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Surgical versus non-surgical management of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children: meta-analysis

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Different Clinical Variables Associated with Group A Streptococcal Throat Infection among Children in Primary Care Practice

The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine, Jul 1, 2018

Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An... more Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An effective targeting strategy is needed for appropriate antibiotic prescriptions for GAS sore throat. Objective: This study aimed to assess different clinical variables that can guide management of acute sore throat in children. Methods: A diagnostic cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 children, aged ≥ 3 years ,with acute sore throat attending two primary care clinics in Cairo, Egypt. Demographic information, clinical data and throat swabs were collected from the patients after consent from the parents. Results: The mean age of the children was 5.8 years and almost half of them were males, and had on average 3 attacks of sore throat per year. Out of the 225 children 64 (28.4%) had positive GAS cultures and 183 (81.3%) received antibiotics. Of the 183 who received antibiotics, 128 (69.9%) had cultures negative for group A Streptococcus. There was little difference between those with and without GAS for commonly assessed clinical variables such as the absence of cough. The absence of skin rash was the only variable that was statistically significant (92% and 98% respectively, p<0.05) Conclusion: Clinical variables associated with acute sore throat in Egyptian children cannot accurately diagnose GAS throat infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for Developmental Delays in Children 2-36 Months of Age in a Primary Health Care Center in Cairo, Egypt

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

Background: Developmental delays (DDs) in children are rising and necessitate routine screening f... more Background: Developmental delays (DDs) in children are rising and necessitate routine screening for early recognition and management. Objective(s): To estimate the prevalence of developmental delays among children 2-36 months of age in a Primary Health Care (PHC) center in Cairo, Egypt. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Saraya El-Koba PHC center involving 193 children 2-36 months of age. Data were collected using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) to assess five domains of development: communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social. Some parents' characteristics were also included. Results: Frequency of developmental delays was 9.3%. The domains with the most frequent delays were the communication and gross motor (3.1% each) and the least was the fine motor domain (1.04%). Girls scored significantly higher than boys in the problem-solving domain (p=0.037). First to third order of birth had higher communication and social scores (p=0.025, p=0.003 respectively). Highly educated mothers had children with higher fine motor and total developmental scores (p<0.001 and 0.014 respectively), while highly educated fathers had children with higher communication scores (p=0.009). Duration of breast feeding was positively correlated with gross motor and social scores (p=0.001, p=0.042 respectively). Conclusion: The frequency of DDs was 9.3%. This prevalence is considered high compared to previous studies. It showed several associated factors and recommended early screening of preschool children for prompt recognition and timely intervention.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges During Review of COVID-19 Research Proposals: Experience of Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Research Ethics Committee, Egypt

Frontiers in Medicine, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an overwhelming increase in research studies submitted to resea... more The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an overwhelming increase in research studies submitted to research ethics committees (RECs) presenting many ethical challenges. This article aims to report the challenges encountered during review of COVID-19 research and the experience of the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Research Ethics Committee (FMASU REC). From April 10, 2020, until October 13, 2020, the FMASU REC reviewed 98 COVID-19 research protocols. This article addressed the question of how to face an overwhelming amount of research submitted to the REC while applying the required ethical principles. Ethical challenges included a new accelerated mode of review, online meetings, balance of risks vs. benefits, measures to mitigate risks, co-enrolment in different studies, protection of a vulnerable COVID-19 population, accelerated decisions, online research, how to handle informed consent during the pandemic, and justification of placebo arm.

Research paper thumbnail of Umbilical Cord Blood Banking for Transplantation in Morocco: Problems and opportunities

Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 2014

Several studies have shown that patients with acute leukemia are the most treated with UCB units ... more Several studies have shown that patients with acute leukemia are the most treated with UCB units in the absence of Matched-Related Donor (MRD) or Unrelated Donor (URD). After UCB HSC Transplantation (HSCT), the incidence and

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of periconceptional folic acid use among pregnant women at Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2014

Egypt has a high incidence of neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation in the periconcepti... more Egypt has a high incidence of neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation in the periconceptional period is known to lower the risk of such defects. This cross-sectional study aimed to measure the level of knowledge about periconceptional folic acid use among pregnant women attending for antenatal care at

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of health care workers about Autism at family medicine centers in Cairo

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for hypertension among adults: community outreach in Cairo, Egypt

Background Studies have shown alarming levels of hypertension among adults in the Middle East. Th... more Background Studies have shown alarming levels of hypertension among adults in the Middle East. The aim of our study is to measure the prevalence rate of hypertension among adults in Cairo (Egypt), identify possible risk factors for the development of hypertension and assess the rates of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension. Methods Cluster sampling was utilized and the fieldwork was conducted by 12 teams; each team consisted of a house officer, community worker and senior epidemiologist. A formulated questionnaire that addresses risk factors for hypertension was filled by all participants. Also, weight and height measurements were done to calculate the body mass index. Blood pressure measurement was done by calibrated sphygmomanometers. Blood pressure measurement was done twice, and a mean recording was calculated. A case which recorded both systolic blood pressure of 140 and diastolic blood pressure of 90 was considered hypertensive. Results The study included 774 adult residents of Al-Waily District (Western Zone of Cairo) in late 2011 and early 2012. The mean age of the study participants was 46.5 (SD 17.9) years. Female subjects constituted 67.1% of the studied sample. The prevalence rate of hypertension in our study was 16.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.9-19.3). The rate of hypertension was higher among females and three times higher among obese compared with normal or overweight adults. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 11% (95% CI: 8.4-13.9), and uncontrolled hypertension was 30% (95% CI: 24.2-37). Conclusions Community outreach campaigns should be conducted regularly in the future for early detection of hypertension cases and proper health education about hypertension and its dangerous consequences.

Research paper thumbnail of Early detection of protein energy malnutrition in Sharkia Governorate

The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 2005

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the nutritional status of children, age... more The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the nutritional status of children, aged 6 to 36 months, in Sharkia Governorate aiming for early detection of malnourished cases. the present study was carried out on 1000 children aged 6 to 36 months, selected by a multistage random sample from 6 villages in two districts in Sharkia Governorate. Data were gathered by an interview questionnaire to the child's mother or care giver at their homes. Anthropometric measurements as height, weight, mid-arm, head circumference and skin fold thickness were assessed. Body mass index was calculated. Dietary evaluation was done by a 24 hours recall for amounts and frequencies of food and was transferred to their recommended daily allowance (RDA). The studied children were classified into three groups according to their weight for age percentiles, underweight children, borderline malnourished children and normal weight children. Serum hemoglobin, pre-albumin and albumin were assessed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Tehranian Adults and Their Relation to Serum Lipid and Lipoproteins: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2010

Background/Aim: The high prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among the... more Background/Aim: The high prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among the general urban population of Tehran necessitates an urgent implementation of nutritional interventional programs to curtail these risk factors. This study aimed to provide preliminary data on the knowledge, attitude and practices of urban Tehranian adults regarding nutrition and their relation to major non-communicable disease risk factors and to assess the need for educational interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed within the framework of the second phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Subjects were 826 individuals, 369 men and 457 women, aged 20–70 years old, selected randomly from among 15,005 participants in the TLGS. Knowledge, attitude and practices of subjects were assessed by a ‘knowledge, attitude and practice’ questionnaire; height, weight, waist and hip circumferences were measured, and BMI and waist to hip ratio were calculated. Bioche...

Research paper thumbnail of Reported OBEs according to month and occupation, 2008–2010, Ain shams University Hospital, Cairo

<p>OBE: occupational blood exposure; HCW: healthcare worker.</p

Research paper thumbnail of Study flowchart, Ain shams University Hospital, Cairo

<p>HCW: healthcare worker; OBE: occupational blood exposure, IP: index patient; HCV-Ab: Hep... more <p>HCW: healthcare worker; OBE: occupational blood exposure, IP: index patient; HCV-Ab: Hepatitis C virus antibody.</p

Research paper thumbnail of Association between vitamin B12 level and clinical peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients on metformin therapy

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery

Background Vitamin B12 malabsorption is one of the side effects of long-term metformin intake. Pr... more Background Vitamin B12 malabsorption is one of the side effects of long-term metformin intake. Prolonged vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to irreversible nervous system damage. So, the current study aimed to determine the association between serum vitamin B12 level and clinical peripheral neuropathy among type 2 DM patients who are on metformin in comparison to those not taking it. It is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Egypt and recruited 100 type 2 diabetic patients who were divided into 2 groups: metformin treated, and non-metformin treated (50 subjects per group). The collected data included personal history, medical history, dietetic history that included frequency of eating food rich in vitamin B12 and clinical peripheral neuropathy assessment by Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS). Blood samples were collected for assessment of HbA1c and vitamin B12 level. Results Vitamin B12 deficiency was present in 4% of metformin group and 2% of non-metformin group. The mea...

Research paper thumbnail of Overview on health research ethics in North Africa

(IJRE) International Journal of Research and Ethics (ISSN 2665-7481), 2022

The purpose of this article is to overview the status of health research ethics in Morocco and NA... more The purpose of this article is to overview the status of health research ethics in Morocco and NA countries, with reference to other Middle Eastern countries. The EU and NA Migrants: Health and Health Systems project (EUNAM) has supported the revision of the status of health research ethics in NA countries, by holding meetings and discussions to collect information about research ethics committees in Egypt, and revising the structure and guidelines of the committees, as well as reviewing the literature concerning ethics activities in the concerned countries. This overview has revealed that although efforts regarding health research ethics in NA countries need to be enhanced, in the form of establishment of more institutional ethics committees, noticeable efforts have been made to regulate research ethics in certain countries in the Middle East, This can be seen in the new regulations, which contain the majority of protections mentioned in the international guidelines related to rese...

Research paper thumbnail of Factors Affecting Opposition of Insulin Initiation Among Type 2 DM Patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals

Eman M. Ahmed, Maha M. Wahdan, Essam M. Bayoumy, Diaa Marzouk Family Medicine Department, Faculty... more Eman M. Ahmed, Maha M. Wahdan, Essam M. Bayoumy, Diaa Marzouk Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Abstract: Background: One of the obstacles to diabetes management is delayed insulin initiation in uncontrolled type 2DM patients. Objectives: To measure the frequency of insulin opposition among Egyptian type 2 diabetes patients, uncontrolled, on two or more oral hypoglycemic combination therapy and to assess factors associated with insulin opposition. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient clinics at Ain Shams University hospitals, on purposive sample of 103 type 2 diabetic patients, uncontrolled, on two or more oral hypoglycemic combination therapy, using a structured questionnaire. Results: Uncontrolled type 2DM pa...

Research paper thumbnail of Breast cancer and hormonal intake among Egyptian females

European Journal of Oncology, 2009

Background. Carcinoma of the breast is the most prevalent cancer among Egyptian women and represe... more Background. Carcinoma of the breast is the most prevalent cancer among Egyptian women and represents 29% of the National Cancer Institute cases. Cancer of the breast could be enhanced by many factors; one of them is estrogen, whether endogenous or exogenous. Epidemiological evidence indicates that prolonged lifetime exposure to estrogen is associated with elevated breast cancer risk in women. Aim. To study the association between breast cancer and history of intake of reproductive hormones (estrogen, progesterone and hormonal replacement therapy) among Egyptian females and identify other risk factors for breast cancer. Patients and Methods. A case-control study was carried out in the National Cancer Institute and Ain Shams University hospitals in Cairo. A total number of 351 patients were included, 198 breast cancer cases and 153 controls. All cases and controls underwent interviewing questionnaire inquiring about risk factors for breast cancer including: socio-demographic, reproduc...

Research paper thumbnail of Completeness and Accuracy of Information in Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients Family Health Records at Meet-Okba Family Health Centre, Giza, Egypt

Ain Shams Medical Journal, 2020

Background: Improving medical record completeness services is an important step towards improving... more Background: Improving medical record completeness services is an important step towards improving the quality of healthcare. It can also provide valuable information to help measure progress and effectiveness of involved service provided. The medical record has become an important legal document; good medical records "in terms of completeness and accuracy of recorded information "are essential not only for the present and future care of the patient but also as a legal document to protect the patient and the hospitals from litigation. Many studies have been carried out to assess the completeness of family health records; but this data must be checked regarding its accuracy. the current study will determine to what extent the recorded data represent the true situation by interviewing the patients at the selected family health center. The current study will focus on family forms specific for the most prevalent chronic diseases among adults in Egypt Hypertensive and Diabetic patients as evidenced by the latest Demographic and Health Survey, 2017. Aim of the Study: To measure the completeness and accuracy of the family health record forms specific for diabetic and hypertensive patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Rate of minor injuries patients’ attendance at surgical emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Adherence to guidelines in management of irritable bowel syndrome in internal medicine outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals and three Minister of Health Family centers

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and factors affecting opposition of insulin initiation among type 2 DM patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Surgical versus non-surgical management of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children: meta-analysis

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2018

Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in soci... more Background: Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Poor knowledge about childhood autism among care providers could delay early recognition and interventions that could negatively affect prognosis. Objective: was to assess and compare knowledge of health care workers in family medicine centers about Autism and to determine the factors that may have influenced such knowledge. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out in three family medicine centers in Cairo on 110 participants) 67 physicians and 43 nurses (. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered modified version of KCAHW (Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers)Questionnaire for general socio-demographic information and autism symptoms, signs, etiological factors and treatment modalities Results: The study included family physicians(30.9%), General practitioners(GPs)(27.3%), pediatricians (2.7%)and nurses (39%), the mean age of the participants was 35.8 6 8.21, with varying years of practice(1-35) years, mean knowledge score was (8.41 6 2.34), (8.53 6 2.54),(10.00 6 1.73) and (4.21 6 2.49) respectively. The knowledge score showed significant positive correlation among GPs with age and years of practice.The most significant association was found between dealing with autistic child and knowledge score among nurses. Conclusion: Although, the current study showed that low level of knowledge among primary care workers about autism pediatricians have highest knowledge score followed by family physicians and GPs. Recommendations: Increase awareness of primary health care providers and nurses towards autism through implementation of educational programs and screening of all children with standardized developmental tools at vaccination sessions (at the 9-18-24-30 months) for early detection of ASD.