Dianna Padilla - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dianna Padilla

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Mar 1, 2008

Evolutionary Ecology Research, 2001

Polyphenisms, in particular inducible defences, have been the focus of much research on the ecolo... more Polyphenisms, in particular inducible defences, have been the focus of much research on the ecological and evolutionary importance of functional morphologies. Less attention has been paid to inducible offences, traits that enhance competitive ability or feeding ability of consumers, particularly those that are capable of changing during the lifetime of an individual. For most taxa with phenotypically plastic feeding morphologies, changes are usually use-induced, due to direct mechanical feedback to the feeding apparatus created by consumption of a particular food. I tested whether the direct consumption of food or chemical cues associated with feeding habitat were sufficient to trigger a new morphology in two species of snails in the genus Lacuna. I found that although diet had an influence on the shape of teeth induced, environmental cues were also important induction cues. L. variegata produced blunt teeth when fed epiphytes on eelgrass, independent of their feeding environment. They also produced blunt teeth when fed kelp, but were exposed to an eelgrass environment. If, however, they were fed kelp in a kelp bed environment, L. variegata produced pointed teeth. For L. vincta the pattern was not as extreme, but there was a significant effect of both diet and environment type on the shapes of teeth produced. There was variability among individuals of both species in the propensity to change morphology under different circumstances. This variability could be due to differences in experience, recent feeding or environmental history, or genetic differences among individuals. This inducible offence is not just a simple use-induced morphological change. Induction patterns are similar to those of inducible defences assumed to be adaptive.

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Jun 1, 2012

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Mar 1, 2018

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Mar 1, 2007

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Sep 1, 2001

Canadian Journal of Zoology, Sep 1, 2004

An overview is presented of long-term studies on the patterns of continued spread of zebra mussel... more An overview is presented of long-term studies on the patterns of continued spread of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) across Belarus, aspects of their population biology, life history, endosymbionts and ecosystem impacts. Although 80% of Belarussian lakes are suitable for Dreissena, in spite of 200 years of continuous invasion, zebra mussels are currently found in only 21% of the 553 lakes studied. In Belarus Dreissena reproduces from the beginning of June to the end of August with one or several peaks in abundance of their larvae in the plankton. Zebra mussels growth rate depends on temperature, season of the year, trophic conditions of a waterbody, and water current. Dreissena population density and biomass differs among and within waterbodies, and depends upon the waterbody type, available substrates, time since initial colonization, and local pollution. Sixteen species and higher taxa of endosymbionts have been found within the mantle cavity and/or associated with zebra muss...

Journal of Shellfish Research, Dec 1, 2011

ABSTRACT Examining congeners can help identify critical differences between species that affect i... more ABSTRACT Examining congeners can help identify critical differences between species that affect invasion and spread. We examined Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel), which are important invaders in freshwater and share general ecological characteristics, to determine whether they had similar rates of invasion at different spatial scales (global, regional, local, and individual water bodies) from the time of first introduction to the present. We also contrasted differences in ecological and population characteristics that could influence speed of spread. Although D. polymorpha and D. r. bugensis are relatives and share a Common native habitat, morphology, lifestyle, life history, and dispersal potential, D. polymorpha was found to be a better invader than D. r. bugensis at most spatial scales throughout their invasion history. Spread at the regional scale in North America was the same for both species, but the initial rate of invasion by zebra mussels far outpaced the spread of quagga mussels both in the United States and in Europe. The estimated lag time between initial introduction and maximal population size is 5 times shorter for D. polymorpha than for D. r. bugensis, which may be an important factor affecting the speed with which this species can spread. Differences in population dynamics may facilitate the increased rates of spread of D. polymorpha relative to D. r. bugensis, especially at smaller spatial scales.

This chapter was originally published in the book "The Zebra Mussel in Europe". The copy attached... more This chapter was originally published in the book "The Zebra Mussel in Europe". The copy attached is provided by Margraf Publishers GmbH for the author's benefit and for the benefit of the author's institution for non-commercial research and educational use. All other uses, reproduction and distribution are prohibited and require a written permission by the publisher. 2. Neogene dreissenids in Central Europe: evolutionary shifts and diversity changes 11 M. Harzhauser and O. Mandic 3. Mytilopsis leucophaeata: the brackish water equivalent of Dreissena polymorpha? A review 29 A. Verween, M. Vincx and S. Degraer Distribution, Dispersal and Genetics 4. A perspective on global spread of Dreissena polymorpha: a review on possibilities and limitations 45 B. J. A. Pollux, G. van der Velde and A. bij de Vaate 5. Invasion success within the Dreissenidae: prerequisites, mechanisms and perspectives 59 T. W. Therriault and M. I. Orlova 6. Range expansion of Dreissena polymorpha: a review of major dispersal vectors in Europe and North America 69 J. R. Bidwell 7. Dreissena polymorpha in Great Britain: history of spread, impacts and control 79 D. C. Aldridge 8. Dreissena polymorpha: current status of knowledge about the distribution in Italy.

Limnoperna fortunei (adult size up to 45 mm) Limnoperna fortunei Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 185... more Limnoperna fortunei (adult size up to 45 mm) Limnoperna fortunei Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) (Dunker, 1857) Diagnostic features Diagnostic features Limnoperna fortunei is very similar to Xenostrobus securis. Limnoperna is typically yellowish in colour (it is commonly known as the golden mussel), while Xenostrobus is typically brown to black. Also, young specimens of X. securis have zigzag brown markings not seen in Limnoperna. Xenostrobus securis has been referred to Limnoperna by several authors, however this relationship requires further investigation. Classification Classification Limnoperna fortunei Limnoperna fortunei(Dunker, 1857) Common name: Golden mussel Class Bivalvia I nfraclass Pteriomorphia

Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2022

Biomineralized structures in animals can undergo remodeling, altering the original construction o... more Biomineralized structures in animals can undergo remodeling, altering the original construction of the structure. Remodeling such structures could enhance plastic inducible defenses and mitigate some hypothesized limits to adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Predator-induced shell thickening in marine snails, already a model for studies of adaptive plasticity, provides a potentially good system to study the role of hardened structure remodeling for enhancing the adaptive value of phenotypically plastic responses. However, studies on predator-induced shell plasticity tend to examine only recent shell growth, and plastic remodeling of older regions of the shell has been previously unexplored. Therefore, we examined the potential for shell remodeling by the marine snail Nucella lamellosa in response to its major predator, the shell-breaking predatory crab Cancer productus. For snails exposed to chemical cues from C. productus, shell thickness and microstructure in the newest parts of the s...

This study focused on the predator prey interactions of two predators, the crab Pugettia gracilis... more This study focused on the predator prey interactions of two predators, the crab Pugettia gracilis, and sea stars of the genus Leptasterias and two low intertidal / shallow subtidal zone herbivorous snails, Lacuna vincta and Lacuna variegata. L. vincta and L. variegata graze on macroalgae, including Ulva spp.and Saccharina sessile, as well as microalgae such as diatoms that occur on the eelgrass Zostera marina. The feeding rates of P. gracilis and Leptasterias spp. on these two species of Lacuna were determine by in lab experiments, which included no choice and preference experiments. We found that P. gracilis ate significantly more L. variegata per unit time than Leptasterias and that the two predators had the same feeding rate on L. vincta. In choice tests P. gracilis preferred L. variegata. Seastars showed no preference. Neither predator was size selective and the size of the predator did not have a meaningful impact on the number of eaten snails or the size of snails eaten. The vulnerability of Lacuna vincta and Lacuna variegata in eelgrass and macroalgae habitats in the presence of the two predators was tested through mesocosm experiments. Because of the low recapture rate in controls, we were unable to detect significant differences in feeding of the two predators on the two species of Lacuna in the two habitat types.

Journal of Shellfish Research, 2019

Overharvest of the once highly abundant northern quahog, or hard clam [Mercenaria mercenaria (Lin... more Overharvest of the once highly abundant northern quahog, or hard clam [Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus, 1758)], has decimated local populations on Long Island, NY, and the ecosystem services they provide. Among the potential ecological consequences of the loss of hard clams, impacts on benthic community structure and function have not been well documented. This study took advantage of a large-scale hard clam restoration effort by The Nature Conservancy in Great South Bay, NY, to investigate these parameters. The benthic communities between areas planted with high densities of adult clams (i.e., spawner sanctuaries) and adjacent sites with no transplants were compared. In clam-stocked areas, there were greater trophic and taxonomic group densities, especially for some environmentally sensitive groups such as crustaceans, and increased species richness, which in turn altered community structure of the resident infauna. Differences between paired sites for macrofaunal diversity and community structure were also observed, likely reflecting larger scale differences in invertebrate communities. Minimal differences were observed in sediment porosity, carbon and nitrogen content, and total organic matter between adjacent areas with and without clams, although all of these parameters were significantly associated with community structure. Although shell density was significantly higher in clam-stocked plots, it explained little of the variation in macrofaunal composition on its own or in combination with other environmental parameters, but in combination with the living clams may have added enough environmental complexity to enhance densities of different trophic groups. Within the short period of 3 y, differences in the benthic community with the presence versus the absence of clams were already detectable. More long-term data incorporating the effect of processes at multiple scales are needed to gain insight into the complexity of rehabilitating coastal benthic environments following the removal of important species such as clams. The results of this work support the notion that M. mercenaria acts as an ecosystem engineer, modifying the environment by creating habitat and enhancing the abundance of other species.

Synopsis A renaissance in organismal biology has been sparked by recent conceptual, theoretical, ... more Synopsis A renaissance in organismal biology has been sparked by recent conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and computational advances in the life sciences, along with an unprecedented interdisciplinary integration with Mathematics, Engineering, and the physical sciences. Despite a decades-long trend toward reductionist approaches to biological problems, it is increasingly recognized that whole organisms play a central role in organizing and interpreting information from across the biological spectrum. Organisms represent the nexus where sub- and supra-organismal processes meet, and it is the performance of organisms within the environment that provides the material for natural selection. Here, we identify five ‘‘grand challenges’’ for future research in organismal biology. It is intended that these challenges will spark further discussion in the broader community and identify future research priorities, opportunities, and directions, which will ultimately help to guide the all...